Epoxy Acrylate Research Articles

Epoxidized cardanol oleate (ECD-OA) as an effective biobased chain extender of polylactic acid (PLA)

Moisture exposure during polyester processing can lead to degradation, resulting in the formation of carboxyl and hydroxyl end-groups. To preserve mechanical properties, thorough drying and the use of chain extenders like epoxy acrylates and isocyanates during extrusion are crucial for maintaining or enhancing molecular weight through in-situ reactions. Our study introduced epoxidized cardanol oleate (ECD-OA), containing epoxy and long-chain alkyl groups, as a potential chain extender, and compared its effectiveness with commercially available epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether (cardolite NC514). Compared to neat PLA without chain extension, the addition of 1 phr ECD-OA resulted in an increase in the molecular weight (Mw) of PLA from 15.3 × 104 g/mol to 17.1 × 104 g/mol, demonstrating a chain extension efficiency of 11.8 %. The melt flow rate of PLA decreased from 9.9 g/10 min to 5.0 g/10 min, and the initial thermal degradation temperature of PLA increased by 5.7 °C. Upon chain extension, there was a substantial increase in both the elongation at break and tear resistance of the PLA film. The results demonstrate that ECD-OA can extend PLA molecular chains through chemical reactions and promote entanglement with the long alkane chain, consequently enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA. Due to the enzyme's preference for biobased small molecules, the PLA film with the addition of a biobased chain extender is more prone to enzymatic degradation compared to neat PLA. To conclude, ECD-OA acts as a bio-based chain extender that improves the performance of PLA while also enhancing its biodegradability.

Sawtooth-shaped microsaws for enhanced transdermal drug delivery: Improved drug loading and piercing efficiency

This study presents a novel approach to transdermal drug delivery with the introduction of sawtooth-shaped MicroSaws (MSs), a bioinspired microneedle design that significantly enhances drug loading and piercing efficiency. Unlike traditional microneedles (MNs), MSs, with dimensions of 0.2 mm width, 0.4 mm length, and 0.65 mm height, are engineered using epoxy acrylate (EA) via digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing and coated with polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) to ensure biocompatibility. Experimental results demonstrate that MSs outperform conventional MNs in both mechanical piercing tests and drug release studies, showcasing a 30 % increase in drug loading capacity and a 25 % improvement in pierceability. The unique sawtooth design not only facilitates deeper penetration but also creates microchannels that enhance drug diffusion across the stratum corneum. This innovation in microneedle technology holds significant promise for improving patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes in transdermal drug delivery systems.

Fabrication of High-Performance Asphalt Mixture Using Waterborne Epoxy-Acrylate Resin Modified Emulsified Asphalt (WEREA)

Existing research shows that using waterborne epoxy resin (WER) instead of emulsified asphalt as the binder for cold mix asphalt (CMA) can enhance the rutting resistance, high-temperature performance, fracture performance, and early performance of CMA. In order to eliminate the potential drawbacks such as insufficient strength and low-temperature performance of CMA during application, a novel method was proposed in this study for the preparation of waterborne epoxy-acrylate resin (WER), specifically tailored to modify emulsified asphalt, resulting in waterborne epoxy-acrylate resin emulsified asphalt (WEREA). The modification effect of WER on emulsified asphalt was evaluated through rheological tests and direct tensile tests. A modified design method based on the conventional Marshall design method was proposed to determine the optimal mix proportions, including the key parameters of specimen compaction and curing. The results revealed that the incorporation of WER led to a substantial improvement in the complex shear modulus and a concurrent decrease in the phase angle. When the temperature exceeded 60 °C, the phase angle exhibited a diminishing trend, indicative of a reduced viscosity as temperatures escalated. As the WER content increased, a decrease in the direct tensile strain rate was observed, accompanied by a substantial elevation in direct tensile strength. At various stress levels, the shear strain of WEREA decreases with increased content of WER, indicating that the incorporation of WER can enhance the hardness of emulsified asphalt and improve its deformation resistance. The results from MSCR tests indicate that WER could significantly improve the elasticity and hardness of emulsified asphalt, transitioning it from a viscoelastic material to an elastic material, thereby improving its deformation resistance, resistance to rutting, and high-temperature performance. The results of fatigue life are consistent with those of the amplitude sweep, both reflecting the improvement of resistance to deformation of emulsified asphalt by WER. This indicates that WER has a significant improving effect on the fatigue resistance of emulsified asphalt. Furthermore, the Marshall design tests further confirmed the advantages of WEREA in asphalt mixtures. The optimal preparation for the WEREA mixture was proposed as follows: double-sided compaction for 50 times each, aging at 60 °C for 48 h, optimal moisture content of 5.14%, cement content of 2.5%, and emulsion content of 8.4%. The optimal mix proportions identified through these tests yielded asphalt mixtures with significantly improved stability, reduced flow value, and enhanced rutting resistance compared to the hot-mix asphalt mixture (HMA) of AC-16. These findings suggest that WEREA has the potential to significantly enhance the durability and longevity of asphalt pavements. For future applications, it can be explored for use in producing cold recycled asphalt mixtures. In addition to designing the WEREA mixture according to AC-16 gradation, consideration can also be given to using a gradation with a smaller nominal maximum aggregate size for the application in the surface layer or ultra-thin wearing course.

Preparation and performance characterization of waterborne epoxy resin modified asphalt emulsion for tack coat

In order to eliminate the possible drawbacks of waterborne epoxy resin (WER) generated by the phase inversion method and the chemical modification method, this study prepared WER using a novel method, i.e., epoxy resin was introduced into the molecular structure of aqueous acrylic resin; after the combination of epoxy resin and the aqueous dispersion process, the aqueous epoxy acrylic resin can be prepared. Waterborne epoxy resin modified emulsified asphalt (WEREA) was then prepared for the application of a tack coat material. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) test was conducted to explore the possible reactions between the compositions. A rheology test, direct tension test, pull-off bonding test, and oblique shear test were also conducted. Results indicated that in the FTIR test, a new peak around 1732 cm−1 was formed due to the reaction between the carboxyl functional group in WER and the amino group in curing agent to form an ester bond. The incorporation of WER led to an elevation in the complex modulus and a simultaneous reduction in the phase angle of WEREA. When the temperature was larger than 60 °C, the phase angle showed a decreased trend, indicating the material became less viscous due to the increased temperature, illustrating thermosetting characteristics of epoxy resin. As the content of waterborne epoxy resin (WER) increased, there was an observed decrease in the direct tensile rate, coupled with a concurrent increase in direct tensile strength. When the ratio of emulsified asphalt and WER was 1:0.6, the tensile strength of WEREA increased by 811% in contrast to the specimen without the inclusion of WER. There existed different optimal WER contents for the pull-off strength tests conducted on different substrates. For asphalt concrete substrate and steel slab substrate, the optimum ratio of emulsified asphalt to WER + curing agent was 1:0.4, and 1:0.8 was the optimum ratio for the cement concrete substrate. When the ratio between emulsified asphalt and the combination of WER along with the curing agent was 1:0.4 (WEREA-4), the oblique shear strength obtained the maximum value, which was increased by 18.7% in contrast to WEREA-0.

Preparation and characterization of UV-curable composite containing nano silica for glass-to-glass bonding

Glass is a transparent and geometrically ordered element in architecture. Glass bonding can be classified into adhesive, layered, and mechanical categories. One of the best bonding materials for glass applications is adhesive. The preparation and investigation of Ultraviolet (UV)-curable composites for glass-to-glass bonding is the goal of this research. The investigation focused on the effect of raw material type and weight percentage on mechanical properties. Epoxy acrylate resin was employed as an oligomer in this study. Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), tripropyleneglycol triacrylate (TPGDA), and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA) were used as monomers. As photoinitiators, were used bis (2,4,6 trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide, hydroxycyclohexyl phenylketone, and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphineoxide. Benzophenone, acrylic acid, nano silica, and trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) were used as the additives. The mechanical properties of the samples were studied using compressive and shear tests. The degree of conversion (DC) was obtained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The mechanical behavior of the samples were measured as a function of temperature using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA); and the distribution of nanoparticles was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the sample containing 4 wt% nano silica, which also contained 24 wt% PETA and 7 wt% TMSPMA, has the best mechanical properties with 0.42 and 0.63 MPa compressive and shear strength, respectively. In the FTIR, was observed an increase of nano silica from the lowest (1 wt%) to the highest amount (5 wt%), the DC current decreased by 11 %. In the DMTA analysis, it was observed that an increase of nano silica from 1 to 5 wt%, the storage modulus increased by 41 %. The highest loss modulus and loss temperature were related to the samples containing 1 and 2 wt% nano silica with 221 MPa and 113.8 °C. Finally, the best distribution of nanoparticles was observed in the sample containing 1 wt% nano silica. In the SEM images, agglomeration of nanoparticles was seen in the sample containing 5 wt% nano silica.

Nanocomposites based on MWCNT and nanoclay: Effect of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil on curing and composite properties

UV and thermal-curing hybrid epoxy adhesives are generally developed with a combination of epoxy acrylates and thermal-curing epoxy resin. This study modified bisphenol-A type epoxy resin (ER) with acrylated epoxidized industrial crop soybean oil (AESO) to obtain a dual-curable epoxy system. Hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTOH) and montmorillonite-type nanoclay (NC) first was used as nano reinforcement in this system. Both thermal and UV-curing were applied to composites. Tensile and hardness tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and four-point probe electrical conductivity measurements were used for the nanocomposite characterization. Although (UV+thermal) curing increased the thermal strength of the nanocomposites, it caused a decrease in their electrical conductivity and moisture absorption. The highest tensile strength values were obtained as 107 MPa and 97 MPa for thermally cured 1.5 wt% MWCNTOH and 2 wt% NC composites, respectively. The effect of the AESO ratio on UV curing of nanocomposites was investigated and 10 % was found to be the most suitable. MWCNTOH composites also exhibited the highest electrical conductivity with a percolation threshold of 1.5 wt%. The effect of hydrothermal aging on thermal and electrical conductivity properties showed that only T5 and T10 values of thermally or (UV+thermally) cured MWCNTOH and NC composites decreased, T50 values did not change significantly.

Effect of Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Encapsulated UV Acrylic Resin Primer Microcapsules on the Properties of UV Primer Coating.

Ultra-Violet (UV) coatings are widely adaptable of substrates and produce low emissions of volatile organic compounds. UV coatings can extend service life by adding self-healing microcapsules that restore integrity after sustaining damage. In this study, UV coating was used as a core material; microcapsules were produced and added to the UV coating to enhance its self-healing property, providing a good protection for both the UV coating and the substrate. UV primer microcapsules were prepared with UV primer as the core material and melamine formaldehyde resin as the wall material. The UV primer containing more than 98.0% solids content was mainly composed of epoxy acrylic resin, polyester acrylic resin, trihydroxy methacrylate, trimethyl methacrylate, and photo initiator. The preparation process of the UV primer microcapsules was optimized. Further, the UV coating was prepared with better UV primer microcapsules, and the effects of the UV primer microcapsules alongside the comprehensive properties of the coating were studied. The best preparation process for the UV primer microcapsules was as follows: the wall-core mass ratio was 1:0.50, Triton X-100 and Span-20 as emulsifiers with an HLB value of 10.04, the microcapsule reaction temperature was 70 °C, and the reaction time of the was 3.0 h. When the quantity of the UV primer microcapsules increased in the coating, color difference ΔE of the coating increased, gloss decreased, transmittance decreased, elongation at break increased and then decreased, roughness increased, and self-healing rate first increased and then decreased. When the addition of the UV primer microcapsules reached 2.0%, the color difference ΔE of the coating was 1.71, the gloss was 106.63 GU, the transmittance was 78.80%, the elongation at break was 3.62%, the roughness was 0.204 μm, and the self-healing rate was 28.56%, which were the best comprehensive properties of the UV primer. To improve the comprehensive properties of the UV coatings, the UV coatings were modified by a microcapsule technology, which gave the UV coatings a better self-healing property. The application range of microcapsules for the UV coatings was broadened. Based on the previous research of microcapsules in UV coatings, the results further refined the study of the effects of adding self-healing microcapsules to UV coatings using the UV coating itself as the core material.

Preparation of UV Curable Resins and their Toughening Effect on Bisphenol A‐Type Epoxy Acrylate

AbstractUV‐curable oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of ethylene glycol (EG) or 1,4‐butanediol (BDO) with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and then terminated with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). The chemical structures and molecular weight of the two oligomers were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The obtained UV‐curable oligomers were separately mixed with bisphenol A‐type epoxy acrylate (EA) in different mass ratios. The resulting mixture was then mixed with the active diluent tetrahydrofuran acrylate (THFA) and the photoinitiator ethyl 2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoylphosphonate (TPO‐L) for UV curing. The curing reactions were performed at UV light intensity of 120 mW/cm2. The unsaturation conversion was monitored by real‐time infrared spectroscopy (real‐time FT‐IR). The mechanical properties and coating properties of the UV‐cured products were analyzed. The results showed that the synthesized UV‐curable oligomers had good toughening effect on EA, and the tensile strength of EA was also improved.

A Study on the Application Performance of High-Aspect-Ratio Nano-Ettringite in Photocurable Resin Composites.

In this study, the impact of the addition of high-aspect-ratio nano-ettringite to photocurable epoxy acrylate resin was explored. The nano-ettringite samples were modified using γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) and γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH-570). Then, 3 wt% or 6 wt% KH-550-modified, KH-570-modified, and unmodified nano-ettringite samples were dispersed into resin via ultrasonic treatment in conjunction with mechanical stirring. The grafting effects of nano-ettringite onto KH-550 or KH-570 were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The results demonstrate that KH-550 and KH-570 have been successfully grafted onto the surface of nano-ettringite. In addition, this study also focuses on the variations of composite materials in the viscosity, shrinkage, tensile strength, and elongation at break. The results indicate that increased dosages of unmodified, KH-550-modified, and KH-570-modified nano-ettringite led to increased viscosity of the composite while reducing shrinkage. At the same dosage, the photocurable resin containing KH-570-modified nano-ettringite demonstrated a lower shrinkage and a higher tensile strength. From the analysis of tensile fracture surfaces, it was observed that compared to the KH-550 modified and unmodified variants, the KH-570 modified nano-ettringite exhibits superior dispersibility in photocurable epoxy acrylate resin. Notably, when the amount of KH-570-modified nano-ettringite was 3 wt%, the highest tensile strength of the composite was 64.61 MPa, representing a 72.57% increase compared to the blank sample. Furthermore, the incorporation of KH-570-modified nano-ettringite as a filler provides a new perspective for improving the performance of photocurable epoxy acrylate resin composites.

Rigid Photosensitive Polyimide Significantly Improves the Comprehensive Performance of UV-Curing Epoxy Acrylic Resins

Rigid Photosensitive Polyimide Significantly Improves the Comprehensive Performance of UV-Curing Epoxy Acrylic Resins

Nine years of patch testing with isocyanates in a clinic of occupational dermatology.

Isocyanates are used as starting materials of polyurethane (PU) products. They are relatively important occupational skin sensitizers. To analyse results of a large isocyanate patch test series of 19 isocyanate test substances and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA), a marker of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) hypersensitivity. Test files were screened for positive reactions in the isocyanate series. Patients with positive reactions were analysed for occupation, exposure and diagnosis. In 2010-2019, 53 patients had positive reactions in the series (16% of 338 patients tested). MDA, the well-established screening substance for MDI allergy, was positive in 30 patients, an in-house monomeric MDI test substance in 23 patients and 3 different polymeric MDI test substances in 19-21 patients. We diagnosed 16 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) from MDI including 3 pipe reliners. Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate (HDI) oligomers in paint hardeners caused 5 cases of OACD, more cases than 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI; n = 3) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI; n = 1) put together. In contrast to previous studies, polymeric MDI test substances were not superior to a monomeric MDI. Pipe reliners may get sensitised not only by epoxy products and acrylates but also by MDI in hardeners of PU pipe coatings. HDI oligomers were the second most important causes of OACD after MDI.

Influence of the processing parameters on the degradation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and modification of their molecular weight using chain extenders

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) exhibit valuable mechanical properties like high stiffness and tensile strength but are sensitive to processing parameters. The influence of these parameters was evaluated by measuring the variation of melt viscosity during processing. For all experiments, in the absence of chain extenders, the decrease in melt viscosity clearly showed the degradation of polymers during processing. This is more pronounced for PHBV than PLA. In order to compensate for the degradation and, if possible, improve the melt strength of these bio-based polymers, two chain extenders have been evaluated: dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and a polymeric epoxy acrylate chain extender (Joncryl® ADR 4400). DCP reacts quickly with PLA and PHBV, while the epoxy-acrylate chain extender shows slower kinetics. For the PLA, with both investigated chain extenders, an increase in the molecular weight as compared with the virgin polymer and eventually the apparition of an insoluble fraction due to branching and crosslinking are observed. In the case of PHBV, the degradation is compensated by using DCP, requiring short processing times. No significant increase in molecular weight was observed when using the polymeric epoxy acrylate chain extender, requiring longer residence times, although the apparition of a gel fraction suggests the presence of branching and crosslinking.

Synthesis of Radiation Curable Trimethylolpropane Epoxy Acrylate

Synthesis of Radiation Curable Trimethylolpropane Epoxy Acrylate

Safety risk assessment of epoxy acrylate prepared by ring-opening esterification of epoxy resin and acrylic acid

Safety risk assessment of epoxy acrylate prepared by ring-opening esterification of epoxy resin and acrylic acid

Preparation of itaconic acid-modified epoxy resins and comparative study on the properties of it and epoxy acrylates

Abstract To investigate the potential applications of bio-based epoxy resins across diverse fields, this study synthesized a bio-based epoxy resin using itaconic acid (EIA) as the precursor material and compared its thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties with those of epoxy acrylate (EA). The findings indicate that the glass transition temperature and the 5% thermal decomposition temperature of the EIA-cured system are higher than those of EA. The breakdown field strength of the EIA-cured system is slightly higher than that of EA (35.58 kV·mm−1), suggesting that EIA exhibits stronger electrical properties compared to EA. Mechanical property tests demonstrate that the tensile strength, elongation at the fracture point, and Shore hardness of the EIA-cured system are superior to those of EA. In conclusion, EIA, serving as a matrix resin, is influenced by cross-linking density and intramolecular ester bonding and exhibits close electrical strength but superior mechanical, thermal, and degradation properties than EA.

Enhancing Mechanical and Thermal Properties of 3D-Printed Samples Using Mica-Epoxy Acrylate Resin Composites-Via Digital Light Processing (DLP).

Digital light processing (DLP) techniques are widely employed in various engineering and design fields, particularly additive manufacturing. Acrylate resins utilized in DLP processes are well known for their versatility, which enables the production of defect-free 3D-printed products with excellent mechanical properties. This study aims to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of 3D-printed samples by incorporating mica as an inorganic filler at different concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) and optimizing the dispersion by adding a KH570 silane coupling agent. In this study, mica was introduced as a filler and combined with epoxy acrylate resin to fabricate a 3D-printed sample. Varying concentrations of mica (5%, 10%, and 15% w/w) were mixed with the epoxy acrylate resin at a concentration of 10%, demonstrating a tensile strength increase of 85% and a flexural strength increase of 132%. Additionally, thermal characteristics were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and successful morphological investigations were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Digital light-processing technology was selected for its printing accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The results encompass comprehensive studies of the mechanical, thermal, and morphological aspects that contribute to the advancement of additive manufacturing technology.

Halloysite nanotubes-enhanced epoxy acrylate latex emulsion as a novel anticorrosive protective coating for metal surface in 3.5% NaCl solution.

Corrosion is a major problem that can lead to the degradation of metal structures. In this study, we developed a novel corrosion-protective coating for metal substrates based on a modified epoxy acrylate formulation reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Epoxy acrylate oligomers were first synthesized through the acrylation of epoxy using acrylic acid, followed by copolymerization with butyl methacrylate/vinyl acetate monomers to produce grafted epoxy acrylates (GEA). HNTs were then incorporated into the polymeric dispersion at weight loadings of 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. The corrosion resistance and waterproofing properties of the coatings were evaluated. The results showed that steel samples coated with HNTs-modified GEA showed no signs of rusting even after 16days of immersion in a corrosive solution, whereas those coated with GEA alone showed rusting after only 9days. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of HNTs-modified GEA coatings in protecting steel surfaces against corrosion. The coatings are also water-resistant and can be easily applied. This work provides a new approach to developing corrosion-protective coatings for metal substrates.

Effect of functionality of diluents on digital light processing (DLP) based three‐dimensional (3D) printing of UV‐curable bisphenol A‐based epoxy acrylate resin

AbstractDigital light processing (DLP) based three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology which uses photocurable resin has been a center of interest due to its printing accuracy and printing speed. In our research, we have synthesized and modified the bisphenol A‐based epoxy acrylate resin for the DLP 3D printer having a printing accuracy of 50 μm. As the viscosity plays an important role in printing accuracy, the resin was modified with mono‐functional, di‐functional, tri‐functional, and combination of di‐tri functional acrylate diluents as well as with photoinitiator to achieve the desired level of viscosity. The process parameters like curing time and intensity were optimized using the DLP 3D printer. The uncured and UV‐cured samples were characterized using FTIR‐ATR, 1HNMR, UV–VISIBLE, and TGA techniques. The analysis of the uncured and UV‐cured samples was carried out using viscosity, gel content, water absorption, and chemical resistance test. The mechanical properties of the UV‐cured samples were determined using hardness and tensile strength test. The 3D‐printed samples were observed under high‐resolution microscope to confirm the printing quality and resolution. The resulting outcome confirmed that the proper selection of diluents is an important parameter for achieving the good quality and resolution of samples printed using the DLP 3D printer technology.Highlights Synthesis and modification of UV‐curable resin Selection of diluents for controlling the processablility of UV‐curable resin Optimization of process parameters for DLP based 3D printer 3D printing of samples having good quality, resolution and feature size.

Superior glycidol-free chain extenders for post-consumer PET bottles and PET thermoform blends

The development of non-toxic, glycidol-free chain extenders is essential for enabling the recycling and reuse of both bottle-grade PET (PET-B) and thermoform PET (PET-T) in the packaging industry without the need for separation, thereby addressing the health concerns associated with commercial glycidol-based extenders. Herein, two novel series of novel glycidol-free chain extenders for bottle-grade recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET-B) and thermoform-grade PET (PET-T) blends are reported. Blends of PET-B with up to 20 wt% of PET-T were incorporated into novel epoxy acrylate chain extenders with terminal (PEAT-BA) and internal (PEAI-BA) epoxy groups. These chain extenders are glycidol-free and improve the mechanical, rheological, and thermal properties of the PET-B/PET-T blends, offering better performance enhancements than are provided by commercial chain extender Joncryl ADR (J). The results showed significant improvements in intrinsic viscosity and mechanical properties by around 10 and 15 %, respectively, without affecting thermal properties. These findings can play a role in enabling the recycling and re-use of PET-B and PET-T blends without requiring separation while offering glycidol-free solutions.

Mechanical and tribological performances of epoxy-acrylate resin nanocomposites production via stereolithography

In order to overcome the problems of high brittleness, poor mechanical properties and the tribological performances of photocurable resin, nan-silica (SiO2) particles were modified by coupling agent, and then added into liquid photocurable resin, to synthesize epoxy-acrylate resin nanocomposites. The mechanical properties of the composites have been greatly improved due to the good strengthening and toughening effects of the nano-silica particles. The tribological results showed that the frictional coefficients and the wear mass losses reduced significantly when the nano-silica particles content is 5 wt%. The results highlight the potential of inorganic ceramics particles filled photocurable polymer toward the fabrication of high performance epoxy-acrylate resin based composites by lithography-based additive manufacturing.