Environmental Sustainability Initiatives Research Articles

A STUDY OF GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ADOPTED BY THE NEW AGE ORGANIZATIONS

This study looks at the Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) strategies used by Google, a company that is well-known throughout the world for its cutting-edge approaches to workplace culture and sustainability. The corporate agenda is starting to prioritize environmental issues more and more, thus it's important to understand how companies like Google incorporate sustainability into their HRM strategy in order to promote a more environmentally conscious and responsible business environment.Through a comprehensive review of literature and analysis of available resources, this study examines Google's environmental sustainability initiatives, policies, and employee involvement techniques through a thorough evaluation of the literature and analysis of the resources available. Recruitment and selection, performance management, workplace rules and procedures, supplier partnerships, community involvement, employee training and development, and measuring and reporting environmental performance are some of the key topics of inquiry. The results show that Google's GHRM policies are engrained in the company culture and demonstrate a dedication to social responsibility and environmental stewardship. The organization places a strong emphasis on the empowerment and participation of its workforce, promoting a sustainable culture through programs including training, rewards for success, and chances for community service. The implementation of GHRM techniques has several challenges, such as striking a balance between business and environmental objectives, guaranteeing alignment across various organizational roles, and surmounting resistance to change. Organizations may learn a great deal from Google's experiences and lessons gained when creating and implementing their own green HRM policies, which will encourage environmental responsibility and help create a more sustainable future.

A STUDY OF GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ADOPTED BY THE NEW AGE ORGANIZATIONS

A STUDY OF GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ADOPTED BY THE NEW AGE ORGANIZATIONS

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of First Bank Limited in Nigeria

The study focused on the nexus between corporate social responsibility and financial performance of First Bank Limited in Nigeria. The financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria pertains to the detailed analysis and disclosure of specific factors influencing the after tax profit, the effectiveness of credit risk management practices, and the impact of macroeconomic variables on asset quality, which are crucial for assessing the overall health and stability of the banking sector. The specific objectives were to: ascertain the effect of social expenditure on profit after tax; and determine the effect of environmental expenditure on profit after tax of First Bank Limited. Ex-post facto “design was adopted for this study. Ex-post facto design was used since the researcher relied on historic or secondary accounting data obtained from published annual financial statements of the bank for a period of ten years covering 2013 to 2022. The finding of the study indicates that: there is a positive and significant effect of social expenditure on profit after tax; and there is a positive and significant effect of environmental expenditure on profit after tax of First Bank Limited. The study concluded that there is significant effect of corporate social responsibility and financial performance of First Bank. It was recommended that the bank continues to prioritize and potentially increase investments in social initiatives, ensuring alignment with its corporate objectives, and also expand its environmental sustainability initiatives, leveraging opportunities to invest in eco-friendly technologies and green infrastructure.

Sentiment analysis of the awareness of environmental sustainability

This study examines the sentiment analysis of awareness of environmental sustainability. Environmental sustainability is the responsible management and utilization of Earth's natural resources to meet the needs of the present generation and ensure that future generations will access those resources. The awareness of environmental sustainability has been growing globally as people, businesses, and governments recognize the importance of preserving the planet for current and future generations. Sentiment analysis of environmental sustainability involves evaluating opinions, attitudes, and emotions expressed in texts related to environmental sustainability, and analyzing sentiment can provide insights into public perception, awareness, and engagement with environmental issues. This exploratory study's primary goal is to conduct social media opinion mining in the context of Thai people's environmental sustainability. The paper presented how to build a model of sentiment analysis with linguistic analysis, including data preprocessing steps, feature extraction, and model constructions. The techniques used in this research include Logistic Regression, Random Forests, Support Vector Machine, Word Segmentation and Bag of Words. The result shows that the model is able to categorize sentiment analysis opinions in the sustainability context primarily in positive terms. The positive sentiments suggest a sustained, long-term shift in awareness, or they might be influenced by specific events or trends. However, positive sentiment analysis results are expressed towards environmental sustainability initiatives, such as renewable energy projects, waste reduction efforts, or conservation programs. Moreover, public awareness plays a crucial role in influencing individual behavior, corporate practices, and government policies towards a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future.

The role of HR in environmental sustainability initiatives within the oil and gas sector

This review paper explores the critical role of Human Resources (HR) in driving environmental sustainability initiatives within the oil and gas sector. Recognizing the significant environmental impacts associated with this industry, the paper underscores the imperative for sustainable practices and the unique position of HR to spearhead these efforts. The methodology comprises a systematic review of both academic and industry sources to identify effective HR strategies and practices that support environmental sustainability. The literature review section delves into theoretical frameworks that highlight the intersection of HR and sustainability, analyzes current sustainability practices within the oil and gas industry, and evaluates the impact of HR practices on environmental outcomes. Subsequent sections discuss strategic HR interventions in recruitment, training, leadership, and organizational culture that align with sustainability goals. The paper also addresses challenges in integrating sustainability into HR practices, including resistance to change and regulatory hurdles. Through case studies and best practices, it showcases successful examples of HR-led sustainability initiatives, drawing lessons and actionable insights. Looking forward, the paper identifies emerging trends in HR's role in sustainability and offers recommendations for policy and practice to enhance the effectiveness of HR in promoting environmental sustainability within the oil and gas sector. The conclusion synthesizes major findings, highlighting the strategic importance of HR in fostering environmental sustainability for organizational success and resilience.

Linking environmental sustainability, social sustainability, corporate reputation and the business performance of energy companies: insights from an emerging market

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of environmental sustainability, social sustainability and corporate reputation on the business performance of energy companies operating in an emerging market. Design/methodology/approach A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 400 managers in top and middle-level positions in energy companies located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were collected through an online survey. These managers had a strong understanding of the operational aspects of the companies and possessed good knowledge of the company’s performance. The collected data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis to assess the hypothesized relationships. Findings The findings reveal significant influences of corporate reputation, environmental sustainability and social sustainability on the business performance of energy companies operating in an emerging market. Notably, corporate reputation emerges as the primary predictor, underscoring the significance of emphasizing the fundamental aspects of companies such as superior products or services, effective management practices and investment quality. A strong reputation is essential for attracting investors, customers and other stakeholders by meeting their expectations for high-quality products or services. It serves as a crucial factor in establishing trust and credibility, which are vital for sustained success in the market. Practical implications Energy companies should proactively integrate corporate reputation into their operational strategies to enhance business performance. Furthermore, they should develop and execute comprehensive environmental and social sustainability initiatives within their organizations. By doing so, they can effectively enhance both financial and non-financial performance while fostering a culture of employee engagement aimed at further enhancing productivity. Originality/value This study stands out as a unique and significant contribution to theory by using the triple bottom line framework as the underlying theory and integrating corporate reputation into the proposed framework. It represents a novel approach, particularly within the context of energy companies operating in an emerging market. This research serves as a valuable complement to prior studies primarily conducted in developed (Western) economies, expanding the knowledge base in this field.

Shaping brand attitudes through sustainability practices: a TSR approach

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the conditional relationships among sustainability implementation, brand awareness, brand attitude and brand loyalty through the lens of transformative service research (TSR). The research also aims to explain how brand loyalty moderates the mediated effect of brand awareness and attitude in the context of social and environmental sustainability initiatives.Design/methodology/approachUsing both primary and secondary data sources from 31 prominent service companies and their 6,891 customers, this paper investigates the impact of sustainability practices and brand awareness on customer attitude. The paper also examines the moderated mediation effect of brand loyalty, explaining how it alters brand attitudes in the context of sustainability implementation. Finally, the study conducts a comparative analysis of how environmental and social shape brand attitudes in loyal customers.FindingsSustainability implementation has a negative impact on both brand awareness and customer attitude. However, this negative influence is mitigated for highly brand-loyal customers, resulting in a positive brand attitude. Further, the comparative analysis reveals that social implementation positively influences brand attitude in high-loyalty contexts.Research limitations/implicationsThis research uses subjective judgments of researchers regarding companies’ sustainability practices, combining them with customer attitudes gathered through survey questionnaires. Additionally, the data set comprises data from 31 large service companies, potentially limiting the generalizability of findings to large service companies. Nevertheless, this paper extends TSR into the realm of sustainability and branding.Practical implicationsThe positive outcomes of sustainability implementation practices are most pronounced when customer loyalty toward a brand is strong. Social implementation has a more potent effect on brand attitude, particularly among loyal customers. Companies can tailor their sustainability efforts more effectively.Originality/valueWith the lens of TSR, this research deepens our understanding of how sustainability affects consumer psychology but also offers a methodological advancement by using advanced statistical models and a variety of data sources. The distinctiveness of this research is also highlighted in the examination of how environmental and social sustainability initiatives influence brand attitude, especially among customers who exhibit strong brand loyalty.

The Impact of Sustainability Reporting Practices on Financial Performance from Power and Energy Sector Organisations in Sri Lanka

Sustainability reporting integrates the organisation's economic, environmental and social performance towards achieving better financial performance and has become a contemporary issue due to the absence of a precise model or a rigid regulatory framework in this arena. The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of sustainability reporting practices on the financial performance of power and energy sector organisations in Sri Lanka. Another objective of this study was to determine the level of sustainability reporting practices in power and energy sector organisations. Sustainability disclosures were measured using social, economic, and environmental sustainability initiatives, and the company performance was measured through Return on Assets (ROA) and Sales Growth (SG). This study was based on ten power and energy companies listed in CSE in Sri Lanka and Government corporations in the power and utility sectors. The sustainability disclosures in the annual reports of the selected companies for the past nine years (2012-2020) were analysed. Accordingly, the author derived a disclosure index from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines, which consist of 91 parameters to evaluate the content of the reports of organisations in the power and energy sector. The analysis of the study's data has been done by employing the panel data analysis research technique. Descriptive statistics have been used to assess the level of sustainability reporting, and correlation matrix and panel data analyses were used to determine the impact of sustainability reporting on financial performance in power and energy sector organisations in Sri Lanka. Based on the research findings of the study, it was concluded that there is a negative association between the level of sustainability reporting and Return on Assets (ROA) as well as Sales Growth (SG). Finally, sustainability reporting disclosure does not affect a firm’s financial performance (ROA and Sales Growth) in power and energy sector organisations in Sri Lanka. It is recommended that future research can be further improved by using mixed research methods.

Sustainable practices in the animal health industry: A stakeholder‐based view

AbstractThe animal health industry provides treatments and pharmaceuticals for live animal welfare and it is essential to ensure food security and meet sustainable development goals (SDGs). Still, its complexity makes it difficult to identify the driving factors in the adoption of sustainability practices let alone offer recommendations to foster their implementation, resulting in a comparative lack of academic research in this area and several gaps in the overall comprehension of the phenomenon. Building on the stakeholder theoretical framework and adopting multi‐country field research, this article offers both a theoretical and empirical contribution, highlighting the role of stakeholder perceptions in driving the adoption of ESI (environmental sustainable initiatives) and emphasising the need for effective communication, transparency and a consistent educational framework. Our findings also demonstrate that, by adopting overarching sustainability approaches such as the ‘One Health’ philosophy, animal health firms can integrate environmental sustainability initiatives into their operations, embedding the expectations and priorities of various stakeholders. This holistic approach will not only promote the well‐being of animals and humans but also help protect ecosystems and ensure the long‐term viability of the veterinary pharmaceutical industry.

A new type of engineered wood product: Cross-laminated-thick veneers

The global scarcity of high-quality solid wood resources has propelled efforts towards developing high value-added products utilizing fast-growing wood. However, the inherent low quality of fast-growing wood poses a significant challenge for its use in engineered wood products. In response to this challenge, this study focuses on the transformation of larch logs into a novel engineering wood product termed cross-laminated-thick veneers (CLTV). The process involves rotary cutting larch logs into 7.5 mm thick veneers, followed by hygrothermal treatment to alleviate stress, and ultimately assembling layers of thick veneers oriented at right angles, securely bonded to form structural panels. The investigation into the mechanical properties of CLTV reveals promising results. The static bending strength and modulus of a 15-layer CLTV with a thickness of 105 mm exhibit noteworthy values of 62.29 MPa and 10986 MPa, respectively. These values stand in comparison to the performance metrics of cross-laminated-timber (CLT) with only 3 layers, indicating the viability of CLTV as a competitive alternative. Additionally, the formaldehyde emission from CLTV measures at a minimal 0.010 mg/m3, while total volatile organic compounds are limited to 47 μg/m3. The development of CLTV emerges as a sustainable solution to the shortage of high-quality solid wood resources. Its comparable performance to traditional materials such as CLT positions CLTV as an eco-friendly alternative for engineered wood products applicable in diverse global building systems. The minimal formaldehyde emission and low volatile organic compounds further emphasize the potential positive impact of CLTV on both the construction industry and broader environmental sustainability initiatives worldwide. This study sets the stage for advancing engineered wood products, addressing resource constraints, and contributing to sustainable practices in the global construction sector.

Harnessing Solar Cell and Radio Wave Integration: A Game-Changer for AI and Business

Solar cells, radio waves, artificial intelligence (AI), and commerce are coming together to provide a novel combination of cutting-edge technology, wireless communication, and sustainable energy. This article examines the many facets of this integration's consequences, ranging from the fundamentals of radio waves and solar cells to the evolution of artificial intelligence and corporate processes. By fostering environmental responsibility, cutting energy costs, and improving AI-driven sustainability, the integration puts enterprises at the forefront of environmental responsibility and sustainability initiatives. Even if there are still issues with technological complexity, cost, and regulatory compliance, there are a lot of potential, including those related to smart cities, telecoms, electric cars, and energy-efficient buildings. This convergence could lead to the disruption of established sectors, a decrease in carbon emissions, and increased innovation in AI applications. Research and development to maximize productivity and investigate new market prospects, industrial upheavals, and environmental effects are some of the future directions that will be pursued. In order to accelerate innovation and adoption globally and, eventually, transform the way we communicate, generate energy, and do business in a world that is increasingly linked and sustainable, collaboration and partnerships are crucial.

Port sustainability initiatives: a study of brazilian public ports

The paper aims to identify the environmental sustainability initiatives applied in Brazilian public ports. The survey was conducted with twenty port managers located along the Brazilian coast, and the results revealed that sustainability initiatives in Brazilian public ports are consistent with international practices. The study observed a trend in which ports integrate management indicators with sustainable development goals. Brazilian ports have demonstrated a commitment to publishing sustainability reports, although only eight ports currently use the GRI guidelines to prepare these reports. Therefore, there is room for improvement in aligning with international standards and improving external communication. Companies and stakeholders can compare sustainability reports more easily using a common international standard, facilitating benchmarking and identifying best practices. The enhancement of port resilience to the impacts of climate change requires continuous monitoring, and ports have access to various databases and tools for this purpose. According to the study, the most commonly used databases by the surveyed ports are meteorological/climatological and oceanographic/hydrological. Only 5% of all ports had green tariff incentives to reduce emissions in port regions. Furthermore, nearly 40% of all ports monitored CO2 emissions through emissions inventories, and only two ports employed solar energy. The paper outlines the main environmental sustainability initiatives in Brazilian public ports and provides insights for promoting more sustainable ports and cities.

Analyzing Sustainable Practices in Fashion Supply Chain

Fast fashion brands create high quantities of synthetic, petroleum-based garments that result in high levels of textile waste and emissions. To change the dreadful tag of hazardous production by fast fashion companies, top-notch fast fashion leaders started paying attention towards adopting sustainable practices, including sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) for a sustainable environment. This paper conducts a structured review of the annual reports on the topic of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability practices adopted by fashion brands in the supply chain management context. This study contrasts the sustainability reports of Reformation and Patagonia, two market leaders with compelling sustainability messaging, to assess SSCM in the fashion sector. This study tries to identify the factors and classification influencing energy efficiency and environmental sustainability initiatives that impact supply chain performance, the customer perspective based on the analysis of the data related to the sustainability of top fashion brands from their past five year annual reports.

Connecting organizational context to environmental sustainability initiatives and industrial symbiosis: Empirical results and case analysis

Industrial symbiosis can move us closer to a circular economy and enable efficient and sustainable use of resources. Its potential has however been far from realized, and to increase our understanding of why that is, we investigate drivers, barriers, and outcomes associated with both broadly defined environmental sustainability initiatives and industrial symbiosis from an organizational context perspective. A mixed-methods approach is used, combining statistical analysis of survey material with an embedded case study at an industrial symbiosis network in Sotenäs, Sweden. The position of the customer order decoupling point (CODP), a critical aspect of supply chains that separates forecast-based operations from those tied to specific orders, enables comparisons between organizations with primarily forecast-driven operations from those with primarily order-driven operations. We find that the CODP plays an important role in organizations' commitments to sustainability initiatives in general, as organizations with different CODP positions experience different levels of benefits from such initiatives. We did not find that the CODP position had the same impact for industrial symbiosis initiatives. Our results indicate that both industrial symbiosis, a very specific type of sustainability initiative and collaboration, and environmental sustainability initiatives in a broad sense, are associated with multiple, positive business outcomes. However, case study participants also described that their industrial symbiosis participation was time consuming and associated with an added administrative burden. This could be a reason why such collaborations are not more prevalent, despite the potential of bringing about several positive business outcomes. Finally, our findings indicate that industrial symbiosis may bring business-related benefits to firms regardless of their CODP position, but then in order to understand why such networks are not more prevalent, we recommend that future research investigates ways of quantifying and distributing burdens and rewards associated with industrial symbiosis collaboration.

How often are infusion sets for central venous catheters changed in Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Units? A point prevalence survey

BackgroundInfusion sets (comprising the tubing, measuring burettes, fluid containers, transducers) that are connected to invasive vascular devices are changed on a regular basis in an effort to reduce bacterial colonisation and bloodstream infection. There is a balance between reducing infection and creating unnecessary waste. Current evidence suggests that for central venous catheters (CVCs), changing infusion sets at 7 days does not increase infection risks. ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to describe the current unit guidelines in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units (ICUs) for changing infusion sets for CVCs. Methodsprospective cross-sectional point prevalence study, as a part of the 2021 Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Point Prevalence Program. ParticipantsAustralia and New Zealand (ANZ) adult ICUs and their patients on the day of the study. ResultsData were collected from 51 ICUs across ANZ. One-third of these (16/49) ICUs had a guideline that specified a 7-day replacement period, with the rest having a more frequent replacement period. ConclusionMost ICUs participating in this survey had policies to change their CVC infusion tubing in 3–4 days, and recent high-level evidence supports an update to extend this to 7 days. There remains work to be done to spread this evidence to ANZ ICUs and improve environmental sustainability initiatives.

The impact of educational elements and psychological distance on family outdoor leisure experiences and environmental attitudes

ABSTRACT Nature-based tourism has increasingly attracted worldwide attention because of its usefulness not only in attracting tourists but also in terms of providing opportunities to raise public environmental awareness. In considerations of the contribution of tourism to environmental sustainability initiatives, there is a need for nature-based tourism marketers to develop programs aimed at fostering visitors’ environmental awareness. To promote useful nature-based tourism program planning, this study employed a web-based experimental design to investigate how psychological distance and the incorporation of educational elements into outdoor leisure activities affect the relationship between families’ outdoor leisure experiences and their environmental attitudes. The study shows that the leisure experience elements affecting conservation attitude vary in relation to psychological distance. It also points out the outdoor leisure program can be utilized to foster individuals’ conservation attitudes, whether or not it encompasses educational elements with proper leisure experience management.

Environmental Policy Frameworks for Ports: In Search of a Gold Standard

Abstract Ports play a vital role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and a broad range of other tranportation-related environmental impacts. This article examines the critical elements of an effective environmental policy frame-work for ports that could be considered a “gold standard.” An exploratory analysis is conducted by delving into the academic literature and analyzing existing international and regional policy frameworks for ports. Fifteen in-terviews with subject-matter experts were conducted to identify sustaina-bility initiatives of two case study ports: Rotterdam and Long Beach. The article extends a previously developed framework for ports developed by Christodoulou et al., which identifies the following spheres of influence: the ports themselves, the role of ports in supporting shipping and inland transportation, and the geographical area surrounding the port. The current study extends the framework from its initial focus on GHG emission reduc-tion-related initiatives to other environmental sustainability initiatives un-dertaken by ports. It is clear that a “gold standard” requires a proactive and participatory approach to sustainability initiatives for the power itself and effective processes for collaboration with the shipping sector, inland trans-portation, and the geographic area surrounding ports to enable the port to be a constructive partner in all its spheres of influence and for the frame-work to evolve over time to continue to improve on an ongoing basis.

Consumer worldviews and perspectives on environmental sustainability initiatives in the South African supermarket sector

The major South African supermarket chains are important players in the retail sector in Sub-Saharan Africa, which represents one of the fastest growing consumer markets globally. These companies are critical in promoting environmental sustainability initiatives in supply chains, as a means of enhancing the sustainability of production and consumption. However, there is a significant research gap on the visibility and acceptability of environmental sustainability initiatives among consumers in the retail sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study is to elicit the perspectives of South African consumers on environmental sustainability initiatives in the supermarket sector, and understand how their environmental worldviews could influence the perceptions of these activities and ultimately purchasing decisions. Data was collected from consumer surveys in major supermarket chains in South Africa, and the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale was used to elicit respondents’ environmental worldviews. Findings show that respondents are aware and supportive of a variety of environmental sustainability strategies in their preferred supermarket stores. Recycling activities were the most observed strategy and decreased packaging activities the least. Although most respondents exhibit pro-ecological worldviews, this is not always translated into better visibility of these initiatives or sustainable purchasing behaviour. We suggest that supermarkets should be nudged to become more active agents of social and environmental change. For this it would be necessary to better understand and influence consumer environmental worldviews, as a means of enhancing the visibility and performance of their environmental sustainability initiatives. Our findings can assist researchers and sustainability managers in better understanding consumer perspectives in emerging economies, and their responses to green initiatives in supermarkets, and the retail sector more broadly.

Corporate Environmental Reporting for Achieving Environmental Sustainability: Evidence from Real-estate, Engineering, and Automobiles Industry

This study intends to investigate the companies’ environmental reporting disclosure practices. To achieve the research aim, we have developed ‘Environmental Risk Reporting Practices Index for Engineering Industry (ERRPIEI) which includes environmental, energy, waste, water, biodiversity, and supply chain management and design. Additionally, the ‘Environmental Risk Reporting Practices Index for Services and Real Estate (ERRPISE)’ has been developed by authors that include strategy and governance toward environmental sustainability, reduction, and optimization initiatives, communicating and joining the collective effort, different metrics, and environmental sustainability reporting. Simultaneously, these two indexes are made up of 114 index items. Data is accumulated from 46 companies operating in two different sectors namely engineering (automobile), services, and real estate for the year 2021-2022 from Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), Bangladesh. The study revealed that the overall scoring of index items is very petite, with companies providing very insufficient and inappropriate non-financial information, most of the companies scored zero in all our disclosure items. Furthermore, the services, and real estate industry is disclosing more index items on environmental issues than the engineering industry. This study will contribute to the standing literature on highlighting corporate environmental reporting aspects of annual reports as well as providing some insights on the environmental reporting and disclosures to the concerned policy-makers for taking efforts and initiatives for adapting to climate change and securing sustainable development which leads to achieving overall environmental sustainability.

Developing environmental transformational leadership with training: Leaders and subordinates environmental behaviour outcomes

Organisations are identified as the major anthropogenic sources of climate change, and there are increasing numbers of environmental sustainability initiatives to address the challenge. Their success relies on the active participation of employees through engaging in pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs). Leaders play a crucial role in their responsibility for managing or influencing employees, but research identifies issues of poor leadership, lack of support from leaders, and inability to motivate subordinates as significant barriers to employees' PEBs. Environmental transformational leadership (ETFL) has been identified as the most suitable leadership style for influencing employees' autonomous motivation, and improving PEBs, and there are thus calls to foster or boost leaders' ETFL competencies. This study developed, administered, and evaluated an ETFL training intervention conducted for leaders (managers and supervisors) in two multinational manufacturing companies in the chemical and automobile industries located in China. Nine (9) leaders participated in each company, and their subordinates (chemical company, n = 112; automobile company, n = 104) provided ratings of leaders' ETFL behaviours, and subordinates' autonomous motivation and PEBs, at pre- and post-training stages. Results show that subordinates' ratings of leaders' ETFL behaviours, and their self-reported autonomous motivation and PEBs, all significantly increased after the intervention, with large effects in the chemical company and above-small effects in the automobile company. This study offers theoretical insights on how leaders' ETFL can be developed or boosted, which is beneficial for influencing improvements in employees’ PEBs and promoting organisational environmental sustainability initiatives.