Environmental Protective Factors Research Articles

Protective Factors Contributing to Academic Resilience in College Students During COVID-19

ABSTRACT We sought to examine the potential environmental protective factors contributing to academic resilience among college students during emergency distance education. Data were collected from a sample of undergraduate students (n = 195) representing various majors and academic classifications. Our study results revealed that students perceived their motivation and comprehension of course material during emergency distance education as significantly lower than those before emergency distance education. Moreover, over 26% of the participants reported a decreased GPA during this period. However, a positive physical learning environment and student-perceived teacher academic support benefited students’ academic performance. Interestingly, the physical learning environment positively predicted teacher academic support, β=.31, t(193) = 4.32, p < .001. The physical learning environment also explained a significant proportion of variance in teacher academic support scores, R 2 = .08, F(1, 193) = 16.25, p < .001, suggesting student perceptions of teacher support partially depends on their physical learning environment. Finally, students that had a higher classification were more likely to report an increased GPA; seniors were better at coping with the negative effects of emergency distance education than juniors and sophomores.

Interpersonal and Environmental Protective Factors and Their Associations With Children's Weight Status.

Both external structure (ie, participating in extracurricular activities) and family factors (ie, parental emotional support) have separately been linked with children's physical health and well-being, however, their combined effects are less well known. The current study examined the longitudinal associations between participating in structured out-of-school activities and parent reports of warmth/emotional support with children's weight status (ie, zBMI) over time. Utilizing longitudinal data from the United States-based Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010 to 2011 (ECLS-K:2011), we employed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and a latent variable cross-lagged path analysis to examine if emotional supportiveness and participation in structured activities predicted lower zBMI over the course of 1 year. The final sample included 18 135 participants. Mean age of the participants was 8.12 years (±0.38 years), and 51% of children were male. Mean zBMI was 0.54 (±1.12). Structure at baseline predicted increased zBMI in year 2 (β = .03, P = .02) but did not predict parent emotional supportiveness at year 2 (β = -.05, P = .09). Parent emotional supportiveness at baseline predicted greater zBMI at year 2 (β = .02, P = <.01) but did not predict structure at year 2 (β = .02, P = .39). zBMI at baseline did not predict structure (β = .02, P = .25) or parent emotional supportiveness at year 2 (β = -.01, P = .55). Our findings were inconsistent with our hypothesis with regard to directionality. Continued refinement about the role of internal structure (ie, family, and parenting practices) may inform public health prevention strategies to support the well-being of children and families.

Evaluation of resilience components of the identity of recovered addicts in resocialization: a case study of clients in addiction rehabilitation centers in districts 4, 6 and 22 of Tehran)

Background and Aim: Drug addiction is one of the most important problems of the present era, which has gained a global scope, has gone beyond the boundaries of health and treatment, and has turned into a social and family problem. Addiction, in most cases, causes a person to be isolated from society. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the resilience components of the identity of recovered addicts in resocialization: the case study of referrals in addiction recovery centers in districts 4, 6 and 22 of Tehran). Methods: The current research was a descriptive survey research in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of the method of data collection. The method of conducting this study (post-event) as well as this study was in the scope of quantitative research. In the present study, the population included all people who recovered from addiction in rehabilitation centers in Tehran's 4th, 6th, and 22nd districts. The method of selecting samples randomly was simple. Among the 2580 people who referred to these centers, 388 people were selected randomly and with a probability proportional to the volume of the center's clients. For this, a list of centers and the number of its clients was prepared, and 11 centers were systematically selected. This study was carried out in accordance with ethical considerations. The data collection tools were demographic characteristics, resilience scale, and a researcher-made questionnaire on the factors affecting addiction recovery. Data analysis was done by SPSS 24.0 statistical software. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the average scores of identity resilience of those who recovered from addiction in the post-test with resocialization (P&lt;0.01) so the level of socialization had increased. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be claimed that environmental protective factors, environmental risk factors, and exchange-environmental processes are effective in resiliency against abuse and prevention of re-addiction.

COGNITION IN CONTEXT: INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF BUILT, SOCIAL, AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS IN COGNITIVE AGING

Abstract While a growing body of evidence points to potentially modifiable individual risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD), the contexts in which people develop and navigate cognitive decline are largely overlooked. Geographic variation in ADRD rates suggest that environmental risk and protective factors may be important in cognitive aging and dementia caregiving. Community hazards are often heavily concentrated in underserved and underrepresented neighborhoods. This symposium aims to identify specific built, social, and natural environmental features associated with cognitive aging outcomes. The papers provide much-needed evidence on the role of neighborhoods and community networks for cognitive health and well-being among diverse older adults. First, Godina finds significant associations between neighborhood greenspace and microstructural indicators of brain health. Second, Westrick investigates the role of neighborhood disadvantage on long-term memory aging of older adults with and without a cancer diagnosis in later-life. Third, Finlay presents a new concept of Cognability to demonstrate which constellation of positive and negative neighborhood features may contribute most to healthy cognitive aging. Fourth, Nkimbeng identifies community networks and resources needed to inform dementia education and support care among African immigrants. Fifth, expert discussant Besser will share how these findings may inform upstream health promotion and reduce ADRD risk. She will discuss critical future research directions and methods to investigate environments of cognition. The symposium advances research assessing contexts of aging, and may inform public health and policy efforts to ameliorate community barriers and create more equitable opportunities to promote healthy aging in place.

Assessing Green Approaches and Digital Marketing Strategies for Twin Transition via Fermatean Fuzzy SWARA-COPRAS

Integrating green approaches and digital marketing strategies for Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), which reduce environmental risks to desired levels by eliminating emissions and pollution, is considered one of the most promising solutions for logistics companies. The study strives to bring a practical and applicable solution to the decision problem involving the selection of indicators for green approaches and digital marketing strategies for ICTs in the logistics sector. An integrated Fermatean Fuzzy Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (FF–SWARA) and Fermatean Fuzzy Complex Proportional Assessment (FF–COPRAS) methodology is applied to evaluate green approaches and digital marketing strategies. Concerning the findings, the foremost criterion is “data management,” whereas the best strategy is “programmatic advertising.” To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no other study that both offers a strategy selection for the logistics industry and considers environmental protection, sustainability, digital transformation, energy costs, and social and economic factors. The study is a part of ongoing research on productivity, sustainability, the environment, digitization, recycling and estimating levels of waste reduction, as well as business practices, competitiveness and ensuring employee satisfaction and resource efficiency. Also, it investigates the similarities and dissimilarities in the green approach practices of business in logistics and determines the extent to which these practices could be reflected. It is expected to ensure a roadmap for green approach practices and to support sustainable and ecological awareness efforts for ICTs in the logistics sector. Logistics companies can select an integrated digital strategy based on green informatics that suits them using the decision model employed in this study, which can handle uncertainties effectively. In this regard, the study’s findings, which focus on reaching customers and the most precise target audience in digital applications for businesses, are critical for developing strategy, plan and process.

Perception of Environment Sustainability, Lifestyle, Green Purchasing Behavior, and Eco-innovation

Many industries are actively engaged in environmental concerns and innovations. Among them, the furniture industry is also experiencing changes locally and globally and in its value chain. This article takes the furniture industry in the Vietnam market as the primary context. Although Vietnam is one of the largest exporters of wooden furniture abroad, as in some countries globally, environmental sustainability in design and production is still limited. In fact, various studies have shown that many consumers are willing to pay high prices for products with environmental protection factors. In addition, sometimes they turn their hobbies into new lifestyles and different trends. Therefore, to penetrate this emerging green product market, environmental factors have been identified as key design elements for sustainability. This study demonstrates the reference between theory and practice to advise on ecological innovation strategy of furniture enterprises, specifically furniture manufacturing enterprises in the Vietnam market. To do this, firms need to understand the core relationship between perception of environmental sustainability, lifestyle, green purchasing behavior, and eco-innovation. From there, they can orient eco-innovation in their organization’s activities and business processes. Therefore, this relationship will be explored in this study.

Heterogeneity in normal aging: longitudinal trajectories of grey matter

AbstractBackgroundIn dementia research, the role of aging is usually de‐trended as a confounder, implying implicit assumptions on the nature of controls. In fact, normal aging brings about structural and functional damage, possibly reflecting brain resistance and resilience, unrelated to overt cognitive impairment (1). The aim of this exploratory study is to predict longitudinal trajectories of brain change in healthy elderly, based on their heterogeneous patterns at baseline, to uncover potentially lost information and link brain, cognitive and biological profiles. To our knowledge, it´s the first study investigating this in healthy aging.MethodCortical volumes and subcortical thickness were assessed through MRI from 307 healthy elderly from ADNI, JADNI and AIBL initiatives. We applied cross‐sectional clustering using unsupervised random forest (2), followed by multivariate mixture of generalized mixed effect model (3) to predict individual trajectories and group them based on similarities. The longitudinal clustering was replicated in the separate cohorts for validity check.Result4 different clusters were identified, which statistically differ for musculoskeletal comorbidities. Cluster 1 shows the healthiest brain and cognitive profile at the age of 60, but it deteriorates the most across time. Conversely, cluster 3 presents the worst grey and white matter profiles at 60, and the greatest cognitive decline over time. However, showing only minimal brain change, cluster 3 resembles brain resistance, whereas cluster 1 seems compatible with cognitive resilience.ConclusionThese different trajectories suggest the possibility of identifying resilient and resistant individuals already from healthy aging. Clinically, this promotes environmental protective factors and early diagnosis. Methodologically, this warns on the heterogeneity of healthy “controls” in experimental designs.

Longitudinal predictors of word reading for children with Williams syndrome

We examined the cognitive, language, and instructional predictors of early word-reading ability in a sample of children with Williams syndrome longitudinally. At Time 1, sixty-nine 6–7-year-olds (mean age = 6.53 years) completed standardized measures of phonological awareness, visual-spatial perception, vocabulary, and overall intellectual ability. Word-reading instruction type was classified as (systematic) Phonics (n = 35) or Other (n = 34). At Time 2, approximately 3 years later (mean age = 9.47 years), children completed a standardized assessment of single-word reading ability. Reading ability at Time 2 varied considerably, from inability to read any words to word-reading ability slightly above the level expected for age. The results of a multiple regression indicated that Time 1 word-reading instruction type, phonological awareness, and visual-spatial perception (as assessed by a matching letter-like forms measure) each explained significant unique variance in word reading at Time 2. A systematic phonics approach was associated with significantly better performance than other reading-instruction approaches. Exploratory analyses suggested that the relations between these factors were complex. Considered together, these findings strongly suggest that, in line with the Cumulative Risk and Resilience Model of reading disability, word-reading (dis)ability in Williams syndrome is probabilistic in nature, resulting from the interaction of multiple individual and environmental risk and protective factors. The results also have educational implications: early word-reading instruction for children with Williams syndrome should combine systematic phonics and phonological awareness training while also incorporating letter discrimination instruction highlighting the visual-spatial differences between similar-appearing letters.

The Effect of Beauty Consumers&amp;apos; Ethical Consumption Awareness on Motive to Purchase Refillable Cosmetics

Although the range of choices of consumers has expanded due to the variety of products, ethical consumption is spreading by raising objections to social phenomena that cause risks such as waste of resources and destruction of the global environment. Cosmetic containers, which increase in proportion to the size of the global beauty industry, are thrown away as general waste, and research on container recycling or refilling cosmetics is lacking. The purpose is to help educational basic materials for the generation and marketing aspects for revitalization of refill cosmetics. For the empirical analysis of the study, 337 questionnaires were used as final data for beauty consumers in their 10s to 60s who have purchased refillable cosmetics living in Seoul and metropolitan areas. For the collected data, frequency analysis, factor analysis and reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed through SPSS 24.0. As a result of the analysis, ethical consumption consciousness was divided into two sub-dimensions: ‘trust in certified products’ (45.4%) and ‘resource saving’ (22.3%). The motivation for purchasing refill cosmetics was extracted from two sub-dimensions: ‘purchase promotion’ (42.7%) and ‘environmental protection’ (26.6%). In conclusion, it was found that the higher the propensity for ethical consumption awareness to trust certified products, the higher the purchase promotion of refillable cosmetics and environmental protection factors. This study has regional limitations, and in relation to the above study, we expect meaningful and active studies on the effect of refill cosmetic consumption on the sustainability management (ESG) of beauty companies. Consumers expect it to be an index to measure corporate social responsibility activities.

A systematic scoping review on contextual factors associated with communicative participation among children with developmental language disorder.

Variations in communicative participation of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) cannot be wholly explained by their language difficulties alone and may be influenced by contextual factors. Contextual factors may support or hinder communicative participation in children, which makes their identification clinically relevant. To investigate which contextual (environmental and personal) factors in early childhood are protective, risk or neutral factors for communicative participation among school-aged children with DLD, and to identify possible gaps in knowledge about this subject. A scoping review was conducted based on a systematic search of studies published from January 2007 to March 2022 in Pubmed, Embase (without MEDLINE), CINAHL and PsycINFO. In total, 8802 studies were reviewed using predefined eligibility criteria, of which 32 studies were included for data extraction and critically appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (2021) tools. The methodological quality of included studies was adequate to strong. Personal protective factors identified are being a preschool girl, reaching school age and being prosocial, while personal risk factors are becoming a teenager or adolescent, having low socio-cognitive skills and experiencing comorbid mobility impairment or behavioural problems. Gender after the preschool years and non-verbal abilities were not found to be of influence, and the role of socio-emotional skills is inconclusive. Receiving therapy is an environmental protective factor, while the association between socio-economical family characteristics with communicative participation is inconclusive. Limited research has been conducted on which risk and protective factors present in early childhood are associated with later communicative participation of children with DLD. The influence of co-occurring health conditions, social background variables, individual psychological assets, interpersonal relationships and attitudes of other people represent knowledge gaps. In addition, knowledge about the comparative effectiveness of different types of interventions and service delivery models, and the impact of administrative control, organizational mechanisms and standards established by governments on children's communicative participation is lacking. More longitudinal research is needed focusing on the identification of relevant personal and environmental factors and the interactions between them in relation to communicative participation outcomes. What is already known on this subject Children with DLD experience varying degrees of communicative participation restrictions. Insight into contextual factors that influence communicative participation can help to identify children at risk and inform family and child-centred therapy. Systematic research on contextual factors that facilitate or hinder communicative participation in children with DLD is currently lacking. What this paper adds to existing knowledge Knowledge of protective factors can guide the development of interventions for children and young people with DLD that boost resilience and facilitate communicative participation, while insight into the risk factors can help professionals identify the most vulnerable children and develop interventions that can lift or neutralize barriers present in the life of these children. Specific groups potentially at risk are young boys, children with co-morbid mobility impairment, children with conduct problems, and children reaching adolescence. In contrast, potentially protective factors are reaching school age and being prosocial. In addition, the development of socio-cognitive skills may be beneficial for the communicative participation of children with DLD. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? To support communicative participation, it is important that professionals who work with children with DLD understand which groups are at risk for communicative participation restrictions, and which factors can foster resilience. In the absence of evidence-based instruments for the systematic assessment of personal and environmental factors, consulting parents and children on the contextual factors that they perceive as important remains critical.

Genetic versus environmental influences on callous-unemotional traits in preadolescence: The role of parenting and parental psychopathology.

Children with callous-unemotional (CU) traits are at risk for severe conduct problems. While CU traits are moderately heritable, parenting also predicts risk. However, few studies have investigated whether parenting factors (e.g., acceptance, conflict, parental psychopathology) moderate the etiology of CU traits, while accounting for gene-environment correlations. To address this knowledge gap, we used data from 772 twin pairs from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study to test bivariate models that explored overlapping etiological influences on CU traits and child reports of their parenting environment. We also used gene-by-environment interaction models to test whether parenting moderated genetic versus environmental influences. There were no overlapping etiological influences on CU traits and parental acceptance, but modest genetic and non-shared environmental overlap between CU traits and family conflict. Parental acceptance and psychopathology moderated non-shared environmental influences, with stronger non-shared environmental influences on CU traits among children who experienced lower parental acceptance and greater parental psychopathology. Family conflict only moderated environmental influences when models did not covary for conduct problems. Parental acceptance and parental psychopathology may be specific environmental protective and risk factors for CU traits, whereas family conflict may represent a general environmental risk factor for both CU traits and conduct problems.

Blue sky as a protective factor for cardiovascular disease.

ObjectiveBlue sky has been considered to boost outdoor physical activity and social interaction, ameliorate work pressure and life stress, and enhance people's sense of happiness. However, the direct association between blue sky exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) still lacks epidemiological evidence. In this study, we aimed to quantify their relationship via a nationwide prospective cohort in China.MethodWe extracted the baseline data from the China Hypertension Survey (CHS), by enrolling 22,702 participants aged ≥ 35 years without self-reported medical history of CVD from 14 provinces of China between 2012 and 2015 and followed up from 2018 to 2019. A blue day was marked out with no rain, low cloud cover ≤ climatological mean at each station, and visibility at 2 pm ≥ 21.52 km. We calculated the number of blue days at baseline survey year to evaluate the chronic individual blue day exposure. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR). We implemented subgroup analyses as well to identify potential effect modifications.ResultsA total of 1,096, 993, and 597 incident cases of all-cause mortality, fatal or nonfatal CVD, and stroke occurred during a median follow-up around 5 years, respectively. A 10-day increase in annual blue day exposure was associated with a 3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1–6%) and 7% (95% CI: 5–10%) decreased risk of fatal or nonfatal CVD and stroke, respectively. Compared with those exposed to the worst tertile of blue days at baseline, subjects who exposed to the best tertile had a 32% (95% CI: 19–43%) and 43% (95% CI: 29–55%) lower likelihood of developing fatal or nonfatal CVD and stroke, respectively. Negative consistent exposure–response relationships were generally observed between them in the restricted cubic spline model. In the stratified analyses, the cardioprotective effects of blue sky were stronger for females, rural residents, and individuals residing in heavily contaminated areas.ConclusionThis study indicates that blue sky may serve as an independent environmental protective factor against CVD, and informs future policies on fighting air pollution and protecting the blue sky in China.

We are preventing some dementias now-But how? The Potamkin lecture.

Most dementias are untreatable and their prevalence is increasing around the world. However, the incidence of dementia is declining in some countries. We need to find out urgently why and how and apply the lessons promptly and widely. Given the multiplicity and variability of environmental, socioeconomic, and individual risk and protective factors, the approach needs to be comprehensive, customized to work in a particular setting, and cost effective, to justify the needed funding. Stroke, heart disease, and dementia share the same major preventable risk and protective factors and pose risks for each other. Preventing them together might result in efficiencies and economies of scale. Prevention can best occur in existing actionable population health units through established leaders in government, non-governmental organizations, and the community, around a positive message of promoting brain health as the key to health, productivity, and well-being.

Genetics of autism spectrum disorders and future direction.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been increasing in prevalence. ASD is a complex human genetic disorder with high heredity and involves interactions between genes and the environment. A significant inheritance pattern in ASD involves a rare genetic mutation; common copy number variants refer to duplication or deletion of stretches of chromosomal loci or protein-disrupting single-nucleotide variants. Haploinsufficiency is one of the more common single-gene causes of ASD, explaining at least 0.5% of cases. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, act at an interface of genetic and environmental risk and protective factors. Advances in genome-wide sequencing have broadened the view of the human methylome and have revealed the organization of the human genome into large-scale methylation domains with a footprint over neurologically important genes involved in embryonic development. Psychiatric disorders, including ASD, are expected to be diagnosed based on their genetically regulated pathophysiology and to be linked to their treatment.

Research on the factors affecting the development of green finance in China

With the increasing attention of the state to the development of green finance year by year, China's green economy framework has gradually shown a certain scale. In order to better understand the factors affecting the development of green finance in China, this paper uses the factor analysis method to reduce the dimension of the factors affecting the development of green finance from 2010 to 2020, and extracts two main factors affecting the development of Green Finance: economic development factor and environmental protection factor. The empirical results are as follows: the weight of economic development factors is larger, and the weight of environmental factors is smaller.

COPING STRATEGIES AMONG INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS DURING COVID 19 IN SWEDEN

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic created disruptions in all people's daily lives. This deadly pandemic tremendously affected the social, economic, and physical systems. International students were a vulnerable population whose adjustment and adaptation processes in Sweden were interrupted. Therefore, we carried out to ascertain the international students' coping strategies during COVID-19. The study thus explores the coping strategies that international students utilise to deal with changes experienced during COVID-19 in Sweden. Theoretically, the study was based on resilience, the social ecology of resilience, and the strength-based perspective of social work. These theories assume that international students have innate skills and capabilities and resources from their external environments that they utilise to bounce back from stressors related to COVID-19. A cross-sectional exploratory research design was utilised for the study, and purposive, convenient and snowball-sampling techniques were used to choose study participants. Data was collected using qualitative in-depth interviews and was analysed using thematic analysis. The finding revealed that international students relied on environmental protective factors such as family, peers, religion, sports, and authentic information. They also used innate individual traits such as innovation, talents, concentration skills in academics, and the ability to multi-task to overcome their distress. In conclusion, even though COVID-19 worsened the pre-existing challenges to the well-being of international students in Sweden, they overcame some of their problems and blossomed even in difficult times.&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0968/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Addressing the Treatment and Service Needs of Young Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a complex period in which multiple changes take place (education, work, independent living, and social relations). This stage is especially difficult for adolescents suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), who have to move on from child and adolescent mental health services to adult mental health services. This review analyzes developmental and environmental risk and protective factors as well as critical variables such as executive functioning and self-monitoring that influence the course of ADHD in transitional age youth and guide the priorities for an optimal transition of care. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic is also discussed. We reflect on the unmet needs for an optimal transition of care and propose practice and policy recommendations to achieve this goal.

Association of Cyberbullying Experiences and Perpetration With Suicidality in Early Adolescence

Adolescent suicidality (ie, suicidal ideation or attempts) is a major public health concern. Cyberbullying experiences and perpetration have become increasingly prevalent and are associated with mental health burden, but their roles as independent suicidality risk factors remain unclear. Data are needed to clarify their contribution to teen suicidality to inform suicide prevention efforts. To examine whether cyberbullying experiences and perpetration are distinct stressors divergent from other forms of peer aggression experiences in their association with suicidality in early adolescence. This cross-sectional analysis used data collected between July 2018 and January 2021 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a large, diverse sample of US children aged 10 to 13 years. Youth reports of cyberbullying experiences or perpetration. The main outcome was youth-reported suicidality (past or present, as reported in the ABCD 2-year follow-up assessment). Covariates included demographics, established environmental risk and protective factors for youth suicidality, psychopathology, and experiences or perpetration of offline peer aggression. A total of 10 414 ABCD participants were included in this study. Participants had a mean (SD) age of 12.0 (0.7) years and 4962 (47.6%) were female; 796 (7.6%) endorsed suicidality. A total of 930 (8.9%) reported experiencing cyberbullying and 96 (0.9%) reported perpetrating cyberbullying. Of the perpetrators, 66 (69.0%) also endorsed experiencing cyberbullying. Controlling for demographics, experiencing cyberbullying was associated with suicidality (odds ratio [OR], 4.2 [95% CI, 3.5-5.1]; P < .001), whereas perpetrating cyberbullying was not (OR, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.8-2.3]; P = .30). Experiencing cyberbullying remained associated with suicidality when accounting for negative life events, family conflict, parental monitoring, school environment, and racial and ethnic discrimination (OR, 2.5 [95% CI, 2.0-3.0]; P < .001) and when further covarying for internalizing and externalizing psychopathology (OR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.4-2.4]; P < .001). Both being a target and being a perpetrator of offline peer aggression were associated with suicidality (OR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.1-2.0] for both), controlling for all covariates described earlier. Cyberbullying experiences remained associated with suicidality (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.3-2.2]; P < .001, controlling for all covariates) when included with offline peer aggression experiences and perpetration. In this cross-sectional study, experiencing-but not perpetrating-cyberbullying was associated with suicidality in early adolescence. This association was significant over and above other suicidality risk factors, including offline peer aggression experiences or perpetration. These findings can inform adolescent suicide prevention strategies, and they suggest that clinicians and educational staff working with this population should routinely evaluate for adolescents' experience with cyberbullying.

Designing a Reverse Logistics Network Model for Waste Batteries

The logistics industry plays an important role in circular economy. Therefore, not only economic benefits, but also environmental protection factors have to be considered in reverse logistics. This paper uses the multi-objective 0-1 mixed integer programming to establish a reverse logistics network optimization model for waste batteries. The objective function is to minimize both, logistics costs and carbon dioxide emissions. The model considers the basic settings of reverse logistics (including recycling nodes, manufacturing, and processing nodes) and the material flow between different settings. In solving the model, Lingo 14.0 is used in this paper. An actual case of a waste battery reverse logistics enterprise verifies the effectiveness of the model in this paper. The results show that the application of this model can effectively improve the operating efficiency of waste battery reverse logistics enterprises.

Psychosocial factors of risk and protection associated with juvenile cyberbullying victimization: results from an international multi-city study (International Self-Report Delinquency Study 3, ISRD3)

The growing use of technologies makes it easy for children and young people to access or produce offensive content, giving rise to a new form of bullying: cyberbullying. Several individual and environmental protection and risk factors are involved with cyberbullying victimization. The present study aims to provide some empirical data that can help in understanding cyberbullying and in the formulation of programmes for its prevention. For this purpose, the data of the ISRD3 (International Self-Report Delinquency Study 3) survey were used. Data show that, for strategies of prevention and intervention to be effective, they should consider multiple systems, such as the family, peers, school and community.