Degree Of Environmental Pollution Research Articles

Incidence of low birth weight and proximity to mining in Lubumbashi and Kipushi, DR Congo

Background. Previous studies have shown high exposure to trace metals in people living close to mining/smelters in Katanga. We determined the incidence of low birth weights (LBW) in Lubumbashi and Kipushi, cities that host zones with different degrees of environmental pollution caused by copper and cobalt mining and smelting.Methods. We used routinely collected birth data in 8 out of 12 existing health zones during one year (1 July 2018 to 30 June 2019). We compared the proportions of neonates with LBW according to the presence of mining/smelting in the health zones. We also looked in more detail into the data of 9 selected maternities where we only considered first-born neonates.Results. Of 202,028 births in Lubumbashi during the observation period, 145,512 (72%) were recorded in the studied health zones, of which 11,448 were LBW neonates (excluding premature births), i.e. 7.87/100 births. The incidence of LBW was 1.80 times higher (p<0.001) for the 3 health zones with mining (6,190/57,597 births; 10.75/100) than for the 5 health zones without mining (5,258/87,915 births; 5.98/100). In the 9 selected maternities, LBWs were recorded in 589/7,203 first-born neonates (8.18/100). The incidence was 2.75 times more frequent (p<0.001) for the 2 maternities very close (i.e. within sight) to mining (235/1,400 births; 16.78/100) than for the 7 maternities far from mining (354/5,803; 6.10/100).Conclusions. Based on the previous findings of high exposure to trace metals in people living close to mining, it is plausible that mining-related metal pollution plays a role in the spatial association observed in Lubumbashi between proximity to mining and the incidence of low birth weights.

The Interactive Development of Outdoor Sports and Water Resources Industry from the Perspective of Geographical Environment Integration

Wang, G.P. and Chen, W., 2020. The interactive development of outdoor sports and water resources industry from the perspective of geographical environment integration. In: Guido Aldana, P.A. and Kantamaneni, K. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Coastal Management, and Marine Science Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 104, pp. 656–659. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The 18th National Congress was held to put the construction of ecological civilization at the top of economic and social development, and the subsequent 19th National Congress further emphasized the importance of building ecological civilization. The top-level design emphasizes “ecological civilization” and changes the concept of environmental protection and governance, which can be learned that the state in the process of environmental protection, follow the unique natural laws of the ecological environment at the same time, further emphasize the construction of ecological civilization in the social psychology and behavioral aspects of the construction. The bottleneck of the interaction between, outdoor sports industry and water resources industry is mainly the lack of basic conditions of ecological environment, “leisure, green water, health, outdoor sports lifestyle conditions do not have, the two need to complement each other, in order to promote each other, to achieve a win-win effect. China is a large agricultural country and has an important base for agricultural production and energy. However, under the influence of different geography, climate, soil and water, and energy environment, the impact on the ecological environment is not only the same, but also the supply and demand of water resources, the distribution of water and sand and the degree of environmental pollution. This paper combines the analysis of the different geographical distribution of environmental water resources, combined with the real situation of water pollution, and deeply studies the development strategy analysis of the interaction of water resources industry.

Restoring the intake capacity of injection wells by means of shock-wave exposure

New technology is proposed for restoring the intake capacity of injection wells, providing an opportunity to reduce the operation time, the amount of household waste, equipment used, the degree of environmental pollution and land loss in the absence of round trip operations.

Regional environmental efficiency in China: An empirical analysis based on entropy weight method and non-parametric models

While vigorously developing its economy, China is attaching more and more importance to environmental protection and pollution control. In different regions of China, however, there are great differences in economic development and the degree of environmental pollution. In this study, we use the entropy weight method to calculate the pollution indexes of different regions from 2015 to 2017. Then we evaluate the Chinese regional environmental efficiency based on a new non-parametric frontier model. Moreover, a new set of ranking interval models that treat the undesirable outputs as inputs is proposed to further describe the regional disparities of the environmental efficiency between different regions with robustness. Finally, we conduct an empirical analysis by combining the stepwise regression and principal component analysis to identify the most influential variables that may affect regional environmental efficiency. According to the results, the southeast region of China performs best in environmental efficiency, followed by the northeast region, then the southwest region, and the worst is the northwest region. For managerial implications, we find that the investment of high education and the development of the IT industry can significantly increase regional environmental efficiency. More importantly, the results of the principal component analysis provide the government with a set of variables to strategically select the most appropriate strategy.

The Different Biomarkers in the Assessment of the Marine Environmental Quality Using the Representative Species Mytilus trossulus

The mussel Mytilus trossulus was used to assess the relationship between the reactions of biomarkers and the degree of environmental pollution, as well as their potential use in biomonitoring. Metal bioaccumulation and a battery of biomarkers were measured in the mussels from the Zolotoy Rog Bay and Vostok Bay (Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan) that display substantial differences in the levels of pollution. The biomarkers included lysosomal membrane stability (LMS); condition indices (CI and CIL); the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE); and the levels of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS), protein oxidation (protein carbonyls, PC), and DNA damage. At the molecular level for M. trossulus, the biomarkers of oxidative stress (CAT, TBARS, and PC) and AChE do not show a known degree of environmental pollution. At the same time, the biomarkers LMS and condition indices, as well as the biomarkers GST and DNA damage, are sensitive to complex chronic environmental pollution.

Composite materials based on non-recyclable polyethylene

In this paper, the possibilities of creating composite materials based on cross-linked polyethylene (XPE) were investigated. The environmental benefit of recycling such polyethylene is to free up space for buildings that are now occupied by landfills. The influence of polyethylene, previously considered non-recyclable, on the strength characteristics of concrete is shown. In the course of the work, waste from the existing chemical industry was used, with varying particle sizes (0.5-15 mm). The analysis of patent information on the utilization of polyethylene in construction materials. Using mathematical planning methods, the compositions of composite materials are optimized. The volume of solid waste of non-recyclable plastic is more than 1.3 billion tons. Its decay period in the natural environment is more than 400 years. There is no world experience in the use of such waste, so the problem of its disposal is more than relevant. Thanks to the results obtained, it is possible to significantly reduce the degree of environmental pollution by waste of chemically cross-linked polyethylene, and get a new composite material for construction, a wide range of applications. The economic justification of the developed technology being introduced into mass production is presented.

Formation mechanism of environmental protection behaviours of community residents

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the characteristics of environmental protection behaviours of community residents from the perspective of system dynamics. Design/methodology/approach Documentation method is used to collect the factors and environmental improvement intervention strategies that influence the environmental protection behaviours of community residents from the top journals. To analyse the characteristics of the environmental protection behaviours of community residents which are nonlinear and dynamic, system dynamics (SD) are drawn. The initial value for simulation is obtained from the investigation report of some communities in China by questionnaires method. Findings The simulation shows that a process of continuous and interactional feedback is formed among environmental improvement intervention strategies, living context, environmental behavioural intention and environmental protection behaviours. These influences affect how environmental protection behaviour is affected by frequency of community environmental publicity, frequency of community participation regulation and local government investment, all of which are significant and decrease successively. Living context and environmental behavioural intention, which are intervened by the three strategies, can promote community residents’ environmental protection behaviours and reduce the degree of environmental pollution in communities. Practical implications The goal of reducing the community environmental pollution may be achieved, because the community environmental management departments can use this system dynamics approach to intervene the environmental protection behaviours of community residents. Originality/value The nonlinear and dynamic interactions among influencing factors are illustrated for an in-depth understanding of the environmental protection behaviours of community residents in this study. In addition, the initial parameter value and correlation coefficients are obtained for simulation through the questionnaire survey given to Chinese community residents to avoid the subjectivity of system dynamics.

基于文献计量的凋落物研究现状及热点分析

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于文献计量的凋落物研究现状及热点分析 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201903260578 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41271064） Research Status and Hot Spot Analysis of Litter Based on Bibliometrics Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在生态学中，凋落物作为过渡层的研究价值日趋重要。为进一步探究凋落物的现存特征以及热点问题，基于文献计量学的相关方法分析，分别以中国知网数据库（CNKI）和Web of Science核心数据库集合中的文献作为基础数据源。运用Bibexcel、Ucinet、和Netdraw等软件得出研究文献中的高频词共词矩阵和关键词网络化图谱。再利用SPSS进行聚类分析，将研究内容分为五大群集，据此分析枯落物的特性及未来研究方向。研究结果表明：①就文献发文量来看国内外对凋落物的研究，国际上开始的时间较早，国内的研究比国际滞后10年左右，但国内的发文量和增长速度要明显高于国际上；两者都在21世纪开始趋于成熟稳定发展。②国内的凋落物研究以森林生态系统内部的各因子之间的联系为主；国外更偏向于把研究凋落物的分解、土壤营养元素归还以及化学元素转变所带来的气候改变和对环境的污染程度作为该领域研究热点。③经过共现网络化可视分析得出，国内凋落物研究中一定程度上可将凋落物、凋落物分解、生物量、人工林、土壤养分、氮沉降等词作为该领域研究热点和未来延伸发展方向。④通过聚类分析，国内外的研究有相近的部分，都涉及到凋落物的分解方面，化学元素与凋落物、土壤质地的影响。但二者不同的是国内侧重于研究森林生态系统内部的各因子之间的联系，而国际上着重上研究凋落物的分解、土壤营养元素归还以及化学元素转变，所带来的气候改变和对环境的污染程度。由此可以得出，有关凋落物的研究在国内外都是重点，今后应加强国际间的合作，着重研究枯落物特性的变化对气候改变和环境污染的影响。 Abstract:Abstract: In ecology, the research value of litter as a transition layer is increasingly important. In order to further explore the existing characteristics and hotspots of litter, this paper analyzes the relevant methods of bibliometrics, and uses the literature in the China Knowledge Network Database (CNKI) and Web of Science core database collection as the basic data sources. High-frequency word co-word matrices and keyword networked maps in the research literature were obtained using software such as Bibexcel, Ucinet, and Netdraw. Then use SPSS for cluster analysis, the research content is divided into five clusters, based on which the characteristics of the litter and future research directions are analyzed. The results show that: (1) The research on litter at home and abroad is based on the amount of literature published. The international start time is earlier. The domestic research is about 10 years behind the international, but the growth rate of domestic publications and speed is significantly higher than that. Internationally; both have begun to mature and develop in the 21st century. 2 Domestic litter research is mainly based on the links among various factors within the forest ecosystem; foreign countries are more inclined to study the decomposition of litter, the return of soil nutrients and the transformation of chemical elements, resulting in climate change and environmental The degree of pollution is a hot spot in this field. 3 Through co-occurrence network visualization analysis, the litter, litter decomposition, biomass, plantation, soil nutrient, nitrogen deposition and other words can be used as research hotspots and future extensions in the field. Direction of development. 4 Through cluster analysis, there are similar parts in domestic and foreign research, all related to the decomposition of litter, the influence of chemical elements and litter, soil texture. But the difference between the two is that the domestic focus is on the study of the linkages between the various factors within the forest ecosystem, while the international focus on the decomposition of litter, the return of soil nutrients and the transformation of chemical elements, the climate change and The degree of environmental pollution. It can be concluded that the research on litter is the focus at home and abroad. In the future, international cooperation should be strengthened, focusing on the impact of changes in litter characteristics on climate change and environmental pollution. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Environmental security as a factor of sustainable development of the territory

The article deals with the issues of environmental security within the concept of sustainable development. The authors analyzed various approaches to the definition of sustainable development and developed their own position on this term. Environmental security is closely related to sustainable development. The article analyzes the ecological situation in Moscow and draws conclusions based on statistical material. Also, the main factors influencing the ecological situation of the territory were identified and studied on the example of Moscow. The study, involved a correlation-regression analysis to determine the influence of the degree of environmental pollution on demographic aspects, during which a moderate relationship was established between the mortality rate of the population, life expectancy, and factor signs associated with the environmental influence. The research results proved the need to ensure its environmental security to achieve the goals of sustainable development of any territory. And the creation of conditions for a comfortable life of the current generations, the satisfaction of their ever-increasing needs without prejudice to future generations is possible only with a competent prioritization in the state policy of any country, first of all, solving environmental problems.

Application of coniferous dendroforms for biotesting of coastal urban environments

In the urban environment, the main sources of pollutants entering the atmosphere are the work of industrial enterprises and the operation of vehicles, which leads to a significant change in the composition of the air, which leads to the objective need for strict control of the state of the city’s environment and atmospheric air in particular. The ongoing state monitoring control of the atmospheric air in the urban environment is not sufficient, which leads to the need to create alternative control methods. This method is bioindication and biotesting. Applying the sensitivity of organisms, one can assess the degree of environmental pollution. Thus, the choice of certain bioindicators directly affects the quality of the data obtained, especially in the areas of coastal cities. The studies were carried out in Sevastopol during 2018-2020. The results obtained make it possible to use Pinus pallasiana Lamb. as a test object for assessing the quality of the environment. Coniferous dendroforms Picea pungens Engelm. and Thuja occidentalis L. showed results that allow their use in bioindication, in the case of using the entire possible spectrum of markers to increase the reliability of environmental quality assessment by biotesting methods. Previously, similar studies were carried out using deciduous dendroforms.

Influence of vehicle emissions on the male generative system of Aesculus hippocastanum L.

The article presents the results of a study of the impact of vehicle emissions on populations of Aesculus hippocastanum L. growing along roads with different traffic intensities. It was found that in areas of heavy vehicle traffic there is an increased level of abortive pollen production. Plant populations increasing the formation of damaged gametes with increasing anthropogenic load on phytocoenoses can be used for phytoindication of the environmental pollution degree. In areas with heavy traffic, pollutants have an average toxic effect on the gametogenesis of Aesculus hippocastanum L. The quality and degree of damage to the pollen zone formed by plants can serve as a bio-test of the mutagenic effect of environmental factors that have a modifying effect on male gametophyte of higher plants.

Layout Planning of Highway Transportation Environment Monitoring Network: The Case of Xinjiang, China

Environmental monitoring is an important tool for environmental protection supervision and management. Environmental monitoring can help us effectively understand and master the degree of environmental pollution, and provide data support for putting forward environmental protection measures. Scientific layout and reasonable level of environmental monitoring network design is an essential cornerstone for environmental monitoring, and a significant measure to promote the industry and green sustainable development. This paper systematically analyzed its requirements of monitoring stations in the highway traffic environment monitoring network. First of all, the paper analyzed the influencing factors of regional monitoring stations in the Xinjiang transportation environment monitoring network by referring to the idea of planning the distribution points of the national transportation environment monitoring network, and determines the weight of them by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which lays a foundation for the subsequent selection and determination of environmental monitoring stations. Secondly, the advantage order of ecological monitoring objects’ importance degree was synthetically sorted by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, the ranking results of the environmental monitoring objects were integrated to determine the number of traffic environmental monitoring stations that need to be built, and the layout of the highway traffic environment monitoring network in Xinjiang was proposed.

Using of morphometric and phenological parameters of <i>Tilia cordata</i> Mill. for bioindication

The paper contains the results of long-term bioindication studies of assessing the state ofTilia cordataMill. in the conditions of Yoshkar-Ola city, which differ in the degree of environmental pollution by industrial transport emissions. The work analyzes a variability ofTilia cordataindividuals of various ontogenetic states of the generative period according to a complex of morphological and phenological characters using statistical methods of principal components and an analysis of variance. The heterogeneity of ontogenetic groups of trees according to morphological and phenological characteristics is established. The individuals of the mesobiontic speciesT.cordataunder the conditions of an average degree of pollution of the urban environment are considered to be small-leaved. With an increase in anthropogenic load the area of the leaf blade decreases, but the area of its damage increases. The index of fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blade does not differ concerning the trees growing in various environmental conditions. A method of principal components helped to identifyT. cordatasmost variable signs of shoots and rhythms of seasonal development, which can be used for bioindication: sizes and number of structural elements of buds and shoots, terms and duration of phenophases. The most sensitive to habitat pollution are middle-aged generative trees ofT.cordata.

Investigación de Celdas de Combustible de Amoniaco Directo como fuente de Energía Alternativa. Desarrollo de Electrocatalizadores para las Reacciones de Electrodo en Medio Alcalino

Las reservas de combustibles fósiles se consumen en cantidades crecientes y existe actualmente una gran preocupación en los gobiernos centrales por el grado de contaminación ambiental alcanzado durante las últimas décadas a nivel mundial. Disponer de energía es una necesidad en la vida moderna y poseerla se convertirá, en los próximos años, en un bien de alto valor en las sociedades desarrolladas. Las celdas de combustible son dispositivos que permiten la conversión directa de la energía química contenida en ciertos compuestos como el hidrógeno, metanol, etanol, amoníaco, en energía eléctrica. Las celdas de combustible alcalinas (AFCs) presentan una eficiencia mucho mayor que las que operan en medio ácido. A diferencia del metanol, etanol y etilenglicol, el amoníaco es un compuesto libre de carbono, por lo que no presenta como producto de reacción CO2, esto hace a el amoníaco un combustible ideal para las celdas con cero emisiones. Muchos investigadores ya han denominado al amo níaco como el combustible del futuro. La producción de amoníaco emplea como materia prima N2 del aire e H2 mediante un proceso bien conocido, sencillo y de bajo costo, empleando esencialmente el proceso Haber-Bosch. En nuestro país, se produce un excedente de NH3 de 80.000 ton/año, que mayormente se exporta. Desde el 2005, se han incrementado significativamente las publicaciones científicas con estudios detallados de la oxidación de amoníaco en medio alcalino y recientemente se han reportado potencias picos de 72 mW cm-2utilizando una Celda de Combustible Alcalina de Amoníaco Directo (DAAFC). Esta propuesta de tesis pretende realizar aportes significativos en el área de energías alternativas y específicamente en el desarrollo de las DAAFCs. Se plantea como objetivo general desarrollar celdas alcalinas de amoniaco directo como una fuente de energía alternativa que trabaje a baja temperatura empleando membrana sólida intercambiadora de aniones. En resumen, los objetivos específicos serán: -Sintetizar y caracterizar física y electroquímicamente electrocatalizadores para la reacción de reducción de oxígeno (ORR). -Sintetizar y caracterizar física y electroquímicamente electrocatalizadores para la reacción de oxidación de amoníaco (AOR).-Desarrollar ensambles electrodo-membrana-electrodo (MEAs) con los catalizadores sintetizados en el laboratorio y evaluar física y electroquímicamente dichas MEAs. -Desarrollar un prototipo de Celda de Combustible Alcalina de Amoniaco Directo (DAAFC).

Haze, health, and income: An integrated model for willingness to pay for haze mitigation in Shanghai, China

Most existing studies indicate that residentsö willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental protection mainly depends on income and the degree of environmental pollution. However, owing to lack of suitable data, less research has focused on why people have higher or lower WTP for environmental protection, and many questions about their reasons remain unanswered. Based on contingent valuation questionnaires in 16 districts of Shanghai, this study investigates the influencing factors of residentsö WTP for haze mitigation. To avoid a multicollinearity problem, we integrate principal component analysis and the probit model to examine the determinants of WTP. Results show that residentsö WTP for haze mitigation ranges from 343.31 to 359.48 USD. The major influencing factors of residentsö WTP include subjective knowledge of haze impacts, understanding of the frequency and severity of haze, and social trust in haze data published by the government. In particular, we find that owing to anti-haze household expenditure on mitigating the effects of haze pollution on health, residents who considered that the areas they lived in were more influenced by haze pollution do not always have higher WTP for haze mitigation. Results of this study have policy implications for haze mitigation regarding the effect of anti-haze household expenditure.

Sustainable supply chain evaluation: A dynamic double frontier network DEA model with interval type-2 fuzzy data

Accompanying with strengthening consciousness of environmental protection and social security, developing sustainable supply chain (SSC) has been becoming more and more important. Under this background, it is essential to deeply understand and evaluate SSCs from comprehensive economy-environment-society aspects. In order to do this, this paper considers the SSC as a dynamic three-stage network system consisting of supplier, manufacturer and distributor across multiple periods, and establishes a novel dynamic network DEA model with desirable and undesirable indicators to compute the detailed efficiencies based on both effective and invalid production frontiers. In the model, the degrees of environmental pollution and customer satisfaction are described as interval type-2 fuzzy sets. Then a method considering the optimistic-pessimistic attitude of decision makers is introduced to get solutions. For case study, the proposed DEA model is used to evaluate 20 SSCs, and analysis from time and stage perspectives are conducted to show the detailed performance. According to the results, the evaluated SSCs can be divided into four groups with different patterns, the weakness stage and period for each SSC can also be identified. The comparison and sensitivity analysis demonstrates our proposed model has more discriminating power and the ability of providing more managerial insights. Not only the sensitivity degree of a SSC to the attitude change of decision makers can be determined, but also the important indicator in different aspects for each SSC can be pointed out.

Occurrence of heavy elements in street dust from sub/urban zone of Tianjin: pollution characteristics and health risk assessment

Main purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of selected heavy elements (As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Co, Cr and Ni) in the street dust samples (n = 49) collected from seven districts located in suburban/urban zone of Tianjin in order to estimate their possible sources and degree of environmental pollution as well as human health risk. Mean concentrations (mg kg−1) of As (19.3), Cd (0.60), Pb (28.4) and Cu (62.7) were above their corresponding soil background values. According to the results of multivariate statistical analysis, the accumulation of As, Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr in street dust was affected by anthropogenic activities, while the contents of Ni and Co were associated with natural sources. Pollution degree by geo-accumulation index had the following trend: Cd > Cu > As > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co. Dust contamination with Cd ranged from unpolluted to highly polluted. Potential ecological risk indicated low (Pb, Cu, Cr, Co and Ni) to high (Cd) risk, while potential risk index showed moderate and very high risks. Non-carcinogenic risk of the studied elements was below safe level (<1). Data obtained in this investigation gave the additional values to the knowledge needed for future monitoring and risk assessment, relating the presence of heavy elements studied in suburban/urban areas.

A STUDY OF BIOINDICATIVE PROPERTIES OF QUERCUS CASTANEIFOLIA С.А.MEY IN NATURALAND URBANIZED SITES IN AZERBAIJAN

The paper presents a study of indicative and remediative properties of chestnut-leaved oak Quercuscastaneifolia C.A.Mey found in the Republic of Azerbaijan.The study aimed to assess the prospects of using this plant in the management of environmental quality in Azerbaijan. Four test sites, which differ in the degree of environmental pollution, were selected for the study. Two test sites are located in Baku, the capital city that has a rather high level of pollution. The other two test sites are located in the country.The bioindicative propertiesof chestnut-leaved oak were investigated by analyzing the developmental stability of leaves morphogenesis. To determine the developmental stability of leaves, the method of fluctuating asymmetry was used. Thebioaccumulativepropertiesofthe plantwere investigated by elementalanalysisofleavesandsoil. For this, the methods of sampling, sample preparation and sample were used according to GOST RF. The analysis of the main chemical components in the leaf and soil samples was carried out using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometerand an atomic absorption spectrometer. The analysis of micro-components in the leaf and soil samples was carried out using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. It was found that there is a strong correlation between the degree of environmental pollution and the level of developmental stability of morphological characters of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey. Environmental pollution increases the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaves.The results also showed that Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey hasremediative properties. Therefore, chestnut-leaved oak can be a monitored species in the integrated environmental monitoring system in Azerbaijan.

Exploration of the Risk Evolution Cues of NIMBY Projects under Urbanization Process

With the increasing urbanization rate in our country, the occurrence of "not in my back yard" (NIMBY) conflict has become intensified, so it is particularly important to analyze the causes of these conflicts.Therefore, to explore the effects of the risk evolution of NIMBY projects on NIMBY conflicts, we have generalized and identified 13 cues (decision reference variables) by summarizing the existing research results. Further, to realize prediction about the influencing factors whereby NIMBY risk evolves into NIMBY conflict, we then constructed a single system design lens model of NIMBY conflict evolution and prediction. Based on the simulation analysis of 75 collected pieces of valid SJT questionnaire data collected by Policy EXC software, through integration and analysis we obtained the following three predictability cues: government departments closing and not sharing NIMBY information, degree of environmental pollution, and impaired quality of life.

Degree of Environmental Pollution in Poland – Ranking of the Provinces in 2016

Summary Subject and purpose of work: The article presents research aimed at creating the ranking of provinces due to the degree of environmental pollution. The presentation of the spatial distribution of pollutants should result in taking appropriate pro-ecological actions in the provinces. Materials and methods: Secondary material included in the research was the publication entitled “Environmental Protection – Environment 2017” by the Central Statistical Office. The method of ranking diagnostic variables was applied and then a synthetic variable determining the level of pollution in individual provinces was constructed, which made it possible to create their ranking. In the final stage, the author’s own method was implemented in order to divide the provinces into 3 groups. Results: The provinces were ranked from a relatively little to very polluted ones. Three groups of provinces were distinguished according to the criterion discussed. It has been revealed that the third group with the highest degree of environmental contamination includes as many as 8 provinces, that is half of them. Conclusions: The author believes that in order to prepare a more precise spatial diagnosis of the state of the natural environment in Poland, research has to be extended by including adequate information at the county level.