Environmental Emergency Management Research Articles

Research on Enterprise Environmental Risk Management of Industrial Bank under Analytic Hierarchy Process

With the frequent occurrence of corporate environmental incidents and the intensification of bank credit risks, the banking industry urgently needs to strengthen the prevention, control and management of corporate environmental risks. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, this paper takes the three enterprises that have been granted credit by IB as samples, selects the enterprise environmental risk model of four sub-indicators: carbon emissions, basic environmental management, environmental risk management measures, and environmental risk emergency management, and selects the appropriate green credit objects according to the calculation results. It also puts forward suggestions on environmental risk management to improve the collection and transmission of enterprise environmental information, strengthen the supervision of enterprise risk management measures, and formulate a unified enterprise environmental risk rating standard, so as to provide reference for the banking industry to carry out enterprise environmental risk management.

MOBILE MAPPING SOLUTIONS FOR THE UPDATE AND MANAGEMENT OF TRAFFIC SIGNS IN A ROAD CADASTRE FREE OPEN-SOURCE GIS ARCHITECTURE

Abstract. The adoption of open-source mobile mapping applications in public administration has risen over the last decade due to their interdisciplinary vocation and flexibility in adapting to existing Geographic Information System (GIS) software architectures. This facilitates complex procedures of data collection and management required for transportation and environmental models, emergency management, and maintenance operations. The Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport in Italy requires road-owning agencies to build and maintain a mapping inventory of their road networks, including georeferenced information about streets and ancillary elements, such as traffic signs. Innovative and integrated street-level approaches for the rapid mapping of road entities using open-source mobile mapping tools represent a valuable low-cost solution for the periodical update of road entities inventory. The adoption of these tools allows public administrators to easily consult the road inventory even outside the office, conducting in situ validation and quality evaluation. This work presents a case study focused on the update and management of traffic sign entities of the Road Cadastre of the Province of Piacenza (Italy) using Qfield and Open Data Kit (ODK) Collect as alternatives to the previous traditional survey method that consisted in the use of field papers. A comparison between the adoption of the two mobile apps is conducted, identifying benefits and limitations in terms of both data accuracy and usability. Validation scripts, project and form structure were developed with the perspective of making the entire workflow as reproducible and transparent as possible, sharing details in a dedicated GitHub repository.

Empirical Evaluation of the Environmental Emergency Management Capability of Local Governments in China

Environmental emergency management is an important practical subject for local governments. Understanding the different dimensions of environmental emergency management capability is crucial for enabling a well-informed governance performance. Based on the crisis management 4R theory (comprising four stages: reduction, readiness, response and recovery), PPRR emergency management theory (emergency management is categorized into four stages: prevention, preparation, response and recovery), crisis life cycle theory and ISO 22320, this paper divided local government environmental emergency management capability into four dimensions of a dynamic pre–during–post process: preparedness, early warning, response and recovery. This paper applied a confirmatory factor analysis model to confirm the classification standards of the four capabilities, which are strongly correlated within environmental emergency management. We found that China’s local government environmental emergency management capability is generally at an upper-middle level, according to the empirical data. We also analyzed the regional differences in local government environmental emergency management capability across China and concluded that the environmental emergency management capability of local governments in the eastern region is higher than those in other regions. The capability levels in the central, western and northeastern regions are more similar to each other and show a decreasing distribution in the east–central–west–northeast region.

Brief Discussion on Measures to Strengthen Enterprise Safety and Environmental Protection Supervision and Emergency Management

Brief Discussion on Measures to Strengthen Enterprise Safety and Environmental Protection Supervision and Emergency Management

Feasibility of source identification by DOM fingerprinting in marine pollution events

Accurate source identification is the first step of pollution control in environmental emergency management, especially in marine pollution events. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) absorption and fluorescence (excitation-emission matrices, EEMs) analyses were applied to trace contaminant sources for a pollution event that occurred along the coast of Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of the EEMs identified four fluorescent components: terrestrial humic-like (C1), tryptophan-like (C2), and a mixture of terrestrial and marine humic-like (C3) and tyrosine-like (C4) components. The relationships among C1 to C4 and quality indices indicated that the DOM originated from terrestrial input and biological activity. The EEMs-PARAFAC results accompanied by the optical characteristics of DOM and fingerprinting demonstrated that the marine pollution event occurred was from enterprise emissions. The numerical simulation confirmed the reliability of EEMs-PARAFAC modeling for DOM fingerprinting of pollution sources in polluted regions. This study provided a feasible method for source recognition in marine pollution events.

Bayesian Method for Water Quality Emergency Monitoring in Environmental Pollution Accident Disposal.

Along with the country's comprehensive strength, the people's wealth is also more and more substantial, in every aspect of life has been significantly improved, people also pay more attention to environmental protection. The harm of environmental pollution should not be underestimated. Once the environmental pollution accident occurs, it must be handled promptly, or a series of consequences are very serious. Therefore, it is necessary to study the Bayesian method of water quality emergency monitoring in the disposal of environmental pollution accidents. The purpose of this article was to solve the slow progress of water quality monitoring in the disposal of environmental pollution accidents. Through the Bayesian method of environmental pollution accident disposal in water quality emergency monitoring, the target node variables, intermediate node variables, and evidence node variables are used for analysis. Construct a Bayesian network topology. This article uses the fuzzy Bayesian network risk assessment model to provide a reference for the emergency monitoring of water quality disposal in regional environmental pollution accidents and conduct risk assessment to facilitate the next work arrangement. The results show that the Bayesian method of water quality emergency monitoring in environmental pollution accident disposal can provide effective feedback. Compared with traditional methods, the risk assessment of water quality monitoring for environmental pollution accidents is 40% faster and 10% more accurate in calculating the probability of accidents caused by basic factors. The application of the Bayesian water quality emergency monitoring method in environmental pollution accident disposal is conducive to improving the efficiency of environmental pollution disposal, in-depth analysis of the existing problems in the current environmental emergency management work, and suggestions for improving the emergency mechanism of sudden environmental pollution accident. The purpose was to provide reference for the government to properly handle sudden environmental pollution accidents.

Preparedness and response to an emerging health threat-Lessons learned from Candida auris outbreaks in the United States.

Candida auris infections continue to occur across the United States and abroad, and healthcare facilities that care for vulnerable populations must improve their readiness to respond to this emerging organism. We aimed to identify and better understand challenges faced and lessons learned by those healthcare facilities who have experienced C. auris cases and outbreaks to better prepare those who have yet to experience or respond to this pathogen. Semi-structured qualitative interviews. Health departments, long-term care facilities, acute-care hospitals, and healthcare organizations in New York, Illinois, and California. Infectious disease physicians and nurses, clinical and environmental services, hospital leadership, hospital epidemiology, infection preventionists, emergency management, and laboratory scientists who had experiences either preparing for or responding to C. auris cases or outbreaks. In total, 25 interviews were conducted with 84 participants. Interviews were coded using NVivo qualitative coding software by 2 separate researchers. Emergent themes were then iteratively discussed among the research team. Key themes included surveillance and laboratory capacity, inter- and intrafacility communication, infection prevention and control, environmental cleaning and disinfection, clinical management of cases, and media concerns and stigma. Many of the operational challenges noted in this research are not unique to C. auris, and the ways in which we address future outbreaks should be informed by previous experiences and lessons learned, including the recent outbreaks of C. auris in the United States.

Status and Measures of Preventing and Controlling Environmental Risks in Tailing Impoundment

Nowadays, the situation of environmental pollution monitoring and emergency management of tailings impoundment is becoming more and more severe mainly due to the high incidence of environmental emergency in tailing impoundment. Based on which, this paper takes the environmental risk of tailing impoundment as the main research object, focusing on status and corresponding measures of its prevention and control. Hopefully, it will be helpful.

国际预警体系研究进展及其对国内生态环境预警研究的启示

从1990年联合国"国际减灾10年"倡导构建灾害预警系统以来，国际预警研究迄今已有30年历程。通过回溯国际预警研究发展历程，解析预警体系要素构成框架，探究各类缓慢性、突发性灾害与风险研究进展，探讨不同社会参与主体在预警体系中的职能，指出未来若干年，我国国内生态环境预警研究亟需强化"以人为本"的研究理念，突破"区域综合性生态环境评估"粗放化、模糊化处理研究区各类生态环境风险的传统窠臼，对不同类型生态环境问题开展精细化探索，同时重视风险受众对预警信息接收、接受和响应能力，并与相关机构和组织建立跨地域、跨行业的信息技术交流与协作机制，让利益相关者更广泛地参与预警体系建设，从而接轨国际研究，使研究成果可为精准化生态环境应急管理工作实践提供强有力支撑。;The researches of early warning system have developed 30 years since the concept of early warning was advocated in The International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction by the United Nations in 1990. By tracing the development processes of early warning research in international fields, the research framework and the main elements, the research advances of various slow and sudden disaster risks, the participants and their functions in early warning system were analyzed in details. Then the huge gaps between the Chinese environmental early warning researches and international research were pointed out. The suggestions were proposed:the domestic research of environment early warning needs to strengthen the concept of people-oriented urgently; the conventional research methods of extensive and fuzzy treatments of various environmental risks in the region should be broken through and the different issues of environmental risk are to be carried out with scientific and systematic study; the construction of software and hardware systems, as well as the operation details on public reception, acceptance and response to early warning information should be taken into account; the research should collaborated with relevant institutions and organizations in information technology exchanges in different regions and areas, and the mechanisms of allowing stakeholders to participate widely in building the early warning system need to be built urgently. The suggestions above will be helpful to enhance the applied value of the research findings of domestic environmental early warning researches in practice. The future domestic researches of environmental early warning can provide strong and effective supports for accurate environmental emergency management.

A deep multitask learning approach for air quality prediction

Air pollution is one of the most serious threats to human health and is an issue causing growing public concern. Air quality forecasts play a fundamental role in providing decision-making support for environmental governance and emergency management, and there is an imperative need for more accurate forecasts. In this paper, we propose a novel spatial–temporal deep multitask learning (ST-DMTL) framework for air quality forecasting based on dynamic spatial panels of multiple data sources. Specifically, we develop a prediction model by combining multitask learning techniques with recurrent neural network (RNN) models and perform empirical analyses to evaluate the utility of each facet of the proposed framework based on a real-world dataset that contains 451,509 air quality records that were generated on an hourly basis from January 2013 to September 2017 in China. An application check is also conducted to verify the practical value of our proposed ST-DMTL framework. Our empirical results indicate the efficacy of the framework as a viable approach for air quality forecasts.

Applications and theoretical challenges in environmental emergency issues alerting system on IoT intelligence

In the current scenario, the Internet of Things (IoT) based intelligent environments is considered as an active research area of research for the environmental emergency management system. Further, the highly important task of IoT assisted system has been developed to manage emergencies and support various systems during awareness situations in today’s world. The integration of these techniques will ensure that our lives are safer in response to disasters, emergencies or weapon attacks. In this paper, an IoT based emergency response system (IoT-ERS) solution has been proposed to safeguard people from emergencies based on real-time data. The proposed solution informs individuals and discusses an application that utilizes Smartphone information from the crowds and offers a suggestion for secured data retrieval during emergencies. Two possible instances are taken into consideration as listed as follows, (i) an emergency management and (ii) an essential application for data routing. Based on the outcomes, the experimental results show promising outcomes when compared to previous methods which have been firmly discussed in this research.

Corrigendum to “Spatial-temporal effect of household solid waste on illegal dumping” [Journal of cleaner production 227 (2019) 313–324

The authors regret to identify three errors of the published paper. Corrigendum 1. We added four lines for representing the moderating effect of community-level variables in Fig. 1 (Theoretical framework of our study) on page 316. Fig. 1 Theoretical framework of our study. [Figure presented] Corrigendum 2. We made two modifications for model 3 on page 321. First, the coefficient of ‘PO’ on the third formula of the community level should be γ21 rather than γ20. Second, as for the sixth formula of the community level, the variable name with γ52 should be ‘ML’. These errors were caused by our carelessness when copying the model from the statistical software to our manuscript, which cannot influence the results. The revised model 3 is shown as follows: Case level: [Formula presented] [Formula presented] Community level: [Formula presented] [Formula presented] [Formula presented] [Formula presented] [Formula presented] [Formula presented] [Formula presented] Corrigendum 3. Furthermore, the introduction of the author, named Wenting Yang, is revised as follows: “Wenting Yang is a Ph.D. student in the School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Her main research interests are environmental policy and emergency management.” We need to stress that these corrections do not alter the conclusion of the article. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

A Group Decision Making Approach Considering Self-confidence Behaviors and Its Application in Environmental Pollution Emergency Management.

Self-confidence as one of the human psychological behaviors has important influence on emergency management decision making, which has been ignored in existing methods. To fill this gap, we dedicate to design a group decision making approach considering self-confidence behaviors and apply it to the environmental pollution emergency management. In the proposed method, the self-confident fuzzy preference relations are utilized to express experts’ evaluations. This new type of preference relations allow experts to express multiple self-confidence levels when providing their evaluations, which can deal with the self-confidence of them well. To apply the proposed group decision making method to environmental pollution emergency management, a novel determination of the decision weights of experts is given combining the subjective and objective weights. The subjective weight can be directly assigned by organizer, while the objective weight is determined by the self-confidence degree of experts on their evaluations. Afterwards, by utilizing the weighted averaging operator, the individuals’ evaluations can be aggregated into a collective one. To do that, some operational laws for self-confident fuzzy preference relations are introduced. And then, a self-confidence score function is designed to get the best solution for environmental pollution emergency management. Finally, some analyses and discussions show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.

Environmental Emergency Management

the results of a study of the possibility of managing environmental emergencies are reviewed. The concept of environmental emergencies is given, their classification and sources are indicated. A work program has been proposed to study the socio-economic consequences of the onset of environmental emergencies. The hierarchy of situations that may arise from the point of view of the decision maker during the operation and development of the controlled object is determined. The main management modes, as well as the main factors that influence the management decision-making, depending on the current situation, are highlighted. Control functions are proposed in various modes, carried out in an automated system for managing emergency environmental situations, based on conducting a situational analysis in a scenario study of the behavior of the object under study. As an application, an example of the construction and analysis of a cognitive map of an environmental emergency situation in the Kuzbass coal basin of the Russian Federation is considered. The typical development scenarios for the realization of threats and the emergence of environmental emergencies, evaluation criteria, as well as possible ways to prevent them are considered.

Dealing with the past in the context of joint environmental emergency management in the cross border region – overview of Serbian experience

This paper was written as a part of the part of the project No. III 43010 “Modulation of antioxidative metabolism in plants for improvement of plant abiotic stress tolerance and identification of new biomarkers for application in remediation and monitoring of degraded biotopes”, and project No. III 47009 “European integrations and social and economic changes in Serbian economy on the way to the EU”, financed by the Ministry of education, science and technological development of the Republic of Serbia, and COST Action European Network for Environmental Citizenship (ENEC) no 16229.

Spatiotemporal assessment of rainstorm hazard risk in Qinling mountains of China

ABSTRACTRainstorms are natural hazards, and they create hurdles in many parts of the world. They often cause damages to the life, properties, and human activities. The Qinling Mountains of China are among the few areas that are extremely hit by the rainstorms, but their hazard risks have not fully been assessed. This article takes an attempt to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive spatiotemporal risk assessment for the area. By using the geographic information system-enhanced Analytical Hierarchy Process assessment framework and the comprehensive index model, the rainstorm hazard risks can be evaluated from four different aspects. At last, the comprehensive rainstorm hazard risks have been assessed and zoned. Results indicate that with regional climate change, the frequencies of rainstorm have slightly increased over the past period of 46 years, and rainstorm hazard risks become higher on the whole. As a strong seasonal variation in the rainstorm days, the highest rainstorm hazard risks occur in July annually. The comprehensive rainstorm hazard risks in the southern regions of the Qinling Mountains are obviously higher than those in the northern regions. The Hanzhong and Ankang basins along the Hanjiang River are under the highest risk of rainstorms. The big cities of Xi'an and Baoji, piedmont plain and regions with good transportation, are under the lowest risk. The spatial distribution of rainstorm hazard risk shows that it has certain regulations along the rivers, ridges, and valleys, but it may be affected by the factors of rainfall and human activities. This article is significant for strategic environmental planning and hazard emergency management of the study area as well as in similar climatic regions of the world.

Simulation Environment of Virtual Visualization Technology Based on Apriori Algorithm

Based on the optimization emergency management legal mechanism of environment emergency, we introduce the Apriori law to the emergencies analysis, and use support degree and confidence degree to improve the Apriori law, so the law has stronger relevance. We use the VC software to programming mathematical model of the law, and use VC source code and engineering design model to design the computer optimization system of environmental emergency management legal mechanism. In order to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the system, we do correlation calculation on legal mechanism before and after optimization, and obtain the correlation visualization process curve of Apriori law, and obtain the optimum structure of environmental emergencies legal mechanism. It provides a new computer method for studying environmental emergency management.

Study of Tailings Ponds Environmental Impact Region in Chengui Town, Daye Based on Watershed Analysis

Tailings pond is an important part of mine security operation, meanwhile its also a potential and serious hazard source. Determining the environmental impact region of tailings pond scientifically and veritably is of great significance to improve tailings ponds environmental monitoring and emergency management capability Using Chengui Town in Daye, Hubei as study area and WorldView-2 RS image as source data, the paper built the tailings ponds interpretation marks and extracted 76 tailings ponds information. With the watershed analysis method, the paper further used Daye DEM data to simulate water contour information, extract hierarchical river network and catchment watershed, then marked off the tailings ponds environmental impact area, which covered acreage was 59.96 square kilometers and accounted for about 37 percent of Chengui Towns land area. The paper concluded that the tailings ponds brought immense threat to the watersheds eco-environment and the residents safety. The study will provide a reference for relevant departments to strengthen environmental regulation and risk assessment of tailings ponds.

Design on Environmental Emergency Monitoring and Management System Based on GIS

Taking Wuhan City as an example, this paper studied the environmental emergency monitoring and management system (EEMMS) based on GIS technology systems and brought out the frame model of the system combined with the practice. The application of EEMMS model can provide fast, feasible methods for emergency monitoring in sudden environmental pollution accident and timely, effective, scientific technical support for decision-making of the environmental emergency management system.

A Fast Environmental Pollution Emergency Plan Generation System Integrating Various Methods

Integrating methods and techniques of CBR, RBR, R-AHP and GIS etc. ,this study designed and developed a fast environmental pollution emergency plan generation system. The study analyzes the working principle and process that generate emergency plan combining CBR and RBR. In CBR system, R-AHP is used to construct the case index system of environmental pollution emergencies and calculate the weight of index; similarity between cases is measured by nearest-neighbour algorithm. Rule-based reasoning is performed in accordance with the rules in the knowledge base and GIS is used to achieve the visual expression of the dynamic emergency plan. Integration of various methods optimizes the response time and complexity of system, also enhances the practical operability. This study has great significance in researching of environmental emergency management and improving emergency response capability.