Development Of Entrepreneurship In Ukraine Research Articles

ДЕРЖАВНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТА ПІДТРИМКА ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

The article deals with the problems of legal and economic principles of state regulation of business activity in Ukraine. The object of the study is entrepreneurship in Ukraine and problems that arise in connection with state regulation of entrepreneurial activity. The goals of the article are: to study the problems of state regulation of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine and ways to improve it. Method of research - monographic, analytical. State regulation means the system of legal, organizational, administrative and regulatory-control measures of the state aimed at creating favorable conditions for the formation and development of entrepreneurship (favorable business environment) and its support, as well as management of the public sector of the economy to ensure the efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy . State regulation of entrepreneurial activity should be understood as the realization of the objectivity of economic necessity of coordination, coordination of activity of entrepreneurial structures in order to achieve the overall goal of macroeconomic development - meeting public needs. Therefore, the achievement of this goal depends to a large extent on the existence of a system of management, form and methods of state regulation of entrepreneurial activity. State entrepreneurship support policy is a set of priority decisions that determine the main directions and forms of legal, economic and organizational assistance to entrepreneurship development taking into account the interests of the state and economic entities. State support should mean, on the one hand, the state regulation of this sector of the economy, which involves, first of all, the conscious formation of legal, economic and organizational forms of business formation and development by state structures, and on the other hand, the creation of incentives, the use of material and financial resources, who engage in preferential or free entrepreneurship. The legal basis for the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is formed by legislative and other normative legal acts, corresponding norms of administrative, credit-financial, labor, civil and other branches of current legislation, the main of which are the laws of Ukraine «On Property», «On Business Societies», Business and Civil Codes. State support for entrepreneurial activity is conditioned by the need to develop the national economy in market conditions. Entrepreneurship is an independent, initiative, systematic, at-risk economic activity carried out by economic entities (entrepreneurs) in order to achieve economic and social results and profit. KEY WORDS: STATE REGULATION, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, STRATEGY, STATE INFLUENCE, STATE GOVERNMENT BODIES.

STARTUP AS A DIPLOMA MASTER’S PROJECT: FROM THE IDEA TO A PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

The article deals with the new principle of diploma defence (protection) for Ukrainian higher education in the form of start-ups on the example of the masters of educational and professional program «Advertising and Public Relations» Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, which provides great opportunities for the establishment of innovative environment and every alumnus confirms very high level of qualification which was acquired during years of university study. The possible results of such a step for the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine are also being evaluated. On the grounds of content analysis, the theme of master’s thesis of professional program «Advertising and Public Relations are analyzed as a result of willingness to solve difficult tasks and problems in professional activity, competence to apply the acquired knowledge in applied scientific research, practical communication projects, in public, commercial, creative and other socially beneficial activities with the help of future specialists in the field of advertising and PR. The structural components of a master’s startup project are described in the details, as well as an evaluation criteria and a range of possible points for their implementation were pointed out. clearly defined criteria for evaluating startup projects: creativity, visual effects, aesthetic impression, originality, style, composition, etc. The conclusions which are relative to the dynamic of development such masters’ startups are formulated in the form of more complicated, integrated interdisciplinary project, in which individual parts can be performed by a master of another structural subdivision(unit) of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University or even other higher education institution.

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ

Carrying out business activities, enterprises ensure the development of the modern economy of the country, form the budget of different levels. Entrepreneurship itself forms an effective management system, is a requirement for achieving economic growth. The result of entrepreneurial activity is to make a profit. It is worth noting that experts provide contradictory assessments of the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. In the international ranking of ease of doing business Doing business-2020, Ukraine has taken 64th place, rising by 7 positions and improving 5 of the 10 key indicators. According to general statistics, there is a positive trend of growth of economic entities in recent years, but it does not provide growth in sales, this growth is accounted for by enterprises. It is self-employed entrepreneurs, who are the driving force of any country's economy, a means of overcoming the problems of low solvency and unemployment in the country. In the structure of economic entities in Ukraine by type of economic activity, the number of wholesale and retail trade enterprises and enterprises engaged in information and telecommunication activities is growing year after year, but the number of construction enterprises, transport enterprises, industrial enterprises, and agricultural enterprises is decreasing. The analysis of the cost structure by economic elements of Ukrainian enterprises showed that in general the largest share in the cost structure of business entities in Ukraine for the period from 2012 to 2019 is occupied by material costs. That is, the production of products (goods, services) is material-intensive and the country does not introduce innovative technologies. Due to the industrialization of the real sector of the economy, especially in manufacturing, the country has lost the complex types of production that provided the value chain. The result of such losses was the loss of entire sectors of complex exports and the stagnation of the real sector of the economy. As a result of provided research, it can be noted that there are certain problems in the country for the development of entrepreneurship, which is a special type of activity. The state should support small and medium-sized businesses in the country because entrepreneurship itself is a powerful "locomotive" that will make it possible to ensure proper growth of production and welfare. The prospect of further research should be the study of business engineering as a modern management technology that can significantly accelerate the reform of the domestic economy on a market basis.

Вплив соціального підприємництва на ринок праці

Entrepreneurship, in its diversity of types and forms, is the basis for the development of socio-economic systems, and its impact on the labor market is crucial - from general economic and employment to social stratification through income differentiation. At the same time, the impact of social entrepreneurship is certainly much broader and stronger than the development of small and medium-sized businesses. Its unique role is to form a significant share of GDP, provide employment, including socially exclusive segments of the population, and target a large set of community problems. These features require a study of the impact of social entrepreneurship on the labor market of Ukraine in terms of global goals of sustainable development, which is the purpose of this article. In the course of the research the authors relied on the theoretical and methodological basis of social entrepreneurship, laid by the works of domestic scientists, documents in the field of sustainable development, legal and strategic documents of Ukraine, official statistics and used methods of statistical analysis. The hierarchy of sustainable development goals and their relationship with social entrepreneurship and the labor market are studied. Social entrepreneurship is defined as a specific type of entrepreneurial activity, with a social purpose and mission, which is aimed at solving problems and obtaining social, economic, innovative effects and effects of sustainability and scale. The dual nature of social entrepreneurship is defined, which, on the one hand, is aimed at solving the problems of humanity by achieving the goals of sustainable development, and on the other hand - is one of the areas described in them and which requires support. It is pointed out that social entrepreneurship has a much broader impact on the labor market than ordinary entrepreneurship. A descriptive model of the impact of social entrepreneurship on the labor market is proposed, identifying three types of impacts that depend on the delay in time. Based on the model of influence and the results of statistical analysis, the key directions of social entrepreneurship development are proposed: youth entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship of persons of pre-retirement age; women's entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship of special categories of the population; entrepreneurship of labor re-emigrants. A promising area of further research is the development of a strategy for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine, taking into account the needs of the labor market.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CLASSICAL ENTREPRISE WITH SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ANALYSIS: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of "social entrepreneurship" and "social business" amid rapid development and integration of classical entrepreneurship, its basic principles and business models. The authors identify the role of social issues and society as a motivating factor for the creation of social enterprises. Theoretical interpretation of the concepts of "traditional enterprise with social responsibility", "social entrepreneurship", "social business" has been given. The importance of business social responsibility and cooperation with social enterprises has been outlined. Based on the comparative analysis, the main differences and common features of a classic enterprise with social responsibility and social entrepreneurship have been identified. This allowed to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each form of management. The world trend of social entrepreneurship development and the importance of introducing social responsibility for businesses have been determined. Five opportunities for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine have been studied. It has been proved that the lack of social entrepreneurship regulatory framework is an obstacle to the development of social entrepreneurship and its consolidation as an innovative form of management. Analysis of the best country for the development of social entrepreneurship has been provided and the leading countries in the development of the form of management with social guidelines have been identified. It has been proved that the main objective of social entrepreneurship is to solve the problems of society, which is a priority in the activity, and to obtain certain benefits.

Social Entrepreneurship Formation in Ukraine in the Context of Sustainable Development

The article deals with the general approach to understanding the social entrepreneurship essence, the concept of which, unlike entrepreneurship as a whole, its different types in terms of income and employees, is not defined by law; analysis of various information sources to compare approaches to defining the concept of social entrepreneurship; presents socially active entrepreneurs and public figures who have contributed to the social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine.
 In order to determine the main features of social entrepreneurship, the articlepoints out its differences from a charitable organization and traditional business by such factors as structure, dependence on external and internal financial sources, types of income and directions of profit distribution, and also analyzes the motives of social entrepreneurs.
 Special attention s paid to the analysis of economic indicators that characterize the social enterprise development effectiveness in the world. In particular, data from the United Kingdom, Israel and Italy were analyzed, which show significant financial prospects for the countries.
 The authors found that in Ukraine there are already numerous examples of organizations that support social entrepreneurship. The article describes for the selected organizations their activities and the nature of the social entrepreneurship concept. At the same time, five paradoxes that arose in Ukraine in the field of social entrepreneurship were mentioned as following: the main source of income for working in the social sphere entrepreneurs are grants that are not fundamentally in contact with international practice; the carelessness of entrepreneurs who are not concerned about the future of a company created with borrowed funds; absolute lack of support from the state; lack of interest in state supporting; an excess of laws in the country that contradict each other.According to the results of the research, the authors present obstacles to the concept of social entrepreneurship implementation in Ukraine and the steps needed to stimulate development. Taking into account current trends in the world development, the authors outline the global goals of UN sustainable development, which covers social entrepreneurship as a type of economic activity.

Сучасні тенденції розвитку підприємництва в індустрії спорту

Nowadays sports industry provides not only obtaining social effect, which consists in the development of physical abilities of Ukrainians, upbringing a healthy nation, Ukraine’s representation in international tournaments, championships, and Olympics. Popularization of healthy and active life initiated the entrepreneurship in the field of sport and the development of branches related to sport. The article is dedicated to the determination of trends in the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine’s sports industry. In the context of the research subject, the author evaluated the modern economic condition of entities running their businesses in sports field. The provided dynamics concerning the indices of operating activities of enterprises in the field of art, sport, entertainment, and recreation shows the low efficiency of activities, as expenses exceed receipts from the activities for the analyzed period. It is established that profitable and non-profitable organizations carry out their activities in the sports industry. It is proved that the present gear of state financing for non-profitable sports organizations is inefficient that provokes annual decrease in the amount of such economic entities. To increase the social and economic effect from running businesses in the sports industry, the author proposes the gear of cooperation of non-profitable, profitable sports organizations and other business structures for implementation of social projects. The goal of such collaboration is the popularization of healthy way of life, the development of functional possibilities of the nation, Ukraine’s representation in international and world competitions, obtaining collateral benefits like an advertisement, the growth in the amount of visitors of sports lessons, users of sports products and services, the increase in the market value of an enterprise.

INSTITUTIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL MECHANISMS FOR SUPPORT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT

The article analyzes the content and functions of entrepreneurship support institutions. The classification of institutions in Ukraine is considered. The support infrastructure for small and medium-sized enterprises in recent years has been analyzed. State and non-governmental business support programs, preferential lending opportunities, educational programs are outlined. The purpose is to explore the current institutional environment for entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis is the theory of entrepreneurship, public administration, resources of entrepreneurship support institutions. Methods of generalization, comparison and systematization were used in the research process. The information base of the work was the legislation of Ukraine, statistical materials of the State Statistics Service, data on the state of business development of the respective institutions. The results. The conducted research has allowed to classify institutions of support of business in Ukraine and to systematize opportunities which they provide for development of business as a whole. The practical significance is to justify the feasibility of institutional support for entrepreneurship, to distinguish institutions of different types, differentiate their functions and to be used for future business entities in practice.

Modern condition of small entrepreneurship development in Ukraine and efficiency of regulatory policies in this sphere

Іntroduction. The stable functioning and qualitative development of enterprises of the small business sector largely depend on the state's effective regulatory policy in a modern economy. Necessary are regulatory measures of the state in relation to entrepreneurship development, increase their efficiency, improvement of methods of influence on entrepreneurial activity, which will help to equalize cyclical tendencies in the functioning of small businesses, increase their social role in the social and economic development of regions and the country as a whole. In this regard, it is expedient to study the current state of small business development through the prism of identifying the advantages and disadvantages of regulatory policy in this area. Methods. General scientific and special methods are used: statistical analysis and systematization; empirical synthesis and generalization in the process of research. Results. The article covers the existing manifestations of improvement of certain important economic indicators: increase of sales volumes, growth of the share of small business in GDP and in the total number of economic entities, increase of assets and capital, increase of labor productivity and social parameters. The shortcomings of small business development in Ukraine were identified, among them: a decrease in the number of small business entities, low financial and economic efficiency, weak financial and economic status of small enterprises, high level of profitability of economic activity, small number of employed and self-employed in this sector of the economy, reduction of available workers places, critical imbalances and deformations in the development of the small business sector in the spatial and sectoral aspects. Discussion. Since regulatory policy plays a strategically important role in the functioning of the small business sector, the study of its effectiveness and the identification of deficiencies will allow to form a high-quality business environment favorable for the activation of the entrepreneurial activity of the population, the emergence of new ones, and the improvement of the efficiency of business activities of the small business actors, balanced development of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy as a whole. Keywords: development, small business, regulatory policy, financial and economic condition, labor productivity.

Financial support of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine: institutional component

Introduction. Entrepreneurship development is particularly important in the context of the crisis of the domestic economy, the uncertainty of the state economic policy, and the increased impact of external challenges and threats. In view of the current state of the market and the risks involved in providing financial support to the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine, the importance of research into the institutional component of its functioning is increasing. Under these conditions, the issues of implementation of a systematic approach to the development and implementation of the state policy of financial support of business structures, as well as determining the place and role of commercial institutions, in particular banks, in the process of optimizing the financial security of business entities become highly relevant. Purpose. Research of the institutional component of financial support for the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine, determining the place and role of state and commercial institutions in its implementation, outlining the directions of intensifying their influence on the financial aspects of entrepreneurship in modern conditions. Results. The composition and structure of the institutional environment of financial support for the development of entrepreneurship are determined. The activity of individual market institutions in the context of the implementation of projects and programs of financial support to entrepreneurship in Ukraine have been analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the need to ensure a systematic approach to the implementation of state programs of financial support for entrepreneurship. Positive aspects of the activity of financial-credit institutions and banks, in particular, in the context of financial support of business structures were identified as well as the risks and limitations inherent in them. Such restrictions are due to the current state of the domestic economy and monetary sector, lack of clear business policy, high level of credit risks, low ratings of borrowers, problems of the banking sector itself, etc. In view of this, at this stage of development of the domestic financial market financial and credit institutions have limited influence on the formation of external sources of financial resources of business entities. Directions of optimization of information and consulting activity of market institutions have been offered, aimed at increasing the efficiency of implementation of projects and programs of financial support of business structures in order to strengthen their influence on regional, sectoral and macroeconomic parameters of economic growth.

Determinants of Social Entrepreneurship in Ukraine

The high importance of social entrepreneurship for the development of national and regional economies is widely recognized. This article contributes to the emerging theoretical discourse of social entrepreneurship by explicating the representatives of different schools. Social entrepreneurship occupies a third sector between the private sector of the economy and the non-profit sector as it aims to solve social problems. Social entrepreneurship functions as an organization that selfsustains at the expense of the innovative organization of its core business. The article suggests holistic approaches to entrepreneurship research based on entrepreneur-associated factors, characteristics of the political and legal environment. These determinants can have direct or indirect influences on entrepreneurial processes mandatory for the development of social entrepreneurship.To determine the strengths and weaknesses of the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine, as well as its opportunities and threats, the SWOT analysis was carried out. The actions required to improve the current state of social entrepreneurship were justified. The detection of threats and opportunities has made it possible to identify priorities for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine, taking into account existing risks.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRADE ENTERPRISE SUBJECTS LOGISTICS SYSTEM AND ITS UTENSIC-CRITERIAL CHARACTERISTICS

The main purpose of the publication is the development of theoretical approaches, systematization of the results of analysis and definition of measures for the formation of logistic systems of trade enterpreneurship subjects (trade enterprises), which belong to the small business sector. The peculiarities of formation were identified and the problematic aspects of the modern stage of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine were identified. The existence of the logistic component in the general complex of the conduct of trading activity by the entrepreneurship subjects is determined. The essence and ratio of concepts «system of logistic» and «logistics system» of the enterprise are determined. The objective of the logistics system organization as a complex, economic and technical and technological system covering the logistics system of the enterprise is emphasized), personnel of the management services of the enterprise logistic activity, as well as legal, organizational,managerial and methodical principles of all these elements interaction of the system and its management, formed on the basis of the scientific and theoretical basis (theory) of logistics management. The peculiarities of the functioning of small business entities in Ukraine and the averaged parameters of commodity flows in this sector of economy are investigated, factors of logistic flows organization specificity formation in the retail segment, which influence the requirements for the creation and operation of trade enterprises logistic systems and the choice of approaches to them, are determined. The attention is drawn to the need to consider as the main factor in the formation of the trade complex system of logistic of operational and functional processes of logistics activities, which are carried out by a trading company in order to bring commodity flows to end buyers of goods. The necessity of determining the structure of the logistics system of the trading company is focused on taking into account the resources available from the dealer in order to create opportunities for organizational, economic, technical and technological interaction with other supply chain participants in which the given enterprise is involved, and simultaneously ensuring compliance of the goods sold with the requirements end buyers. The key directions of logistic activity improvement of enterprises of trade – subjects of small (and micro) entrepreneurship, which are connected with technical and technological and infrastructure improvements within the enterprise logistics system, introduction of modern management technologies in the logistics management subsystem and logistics administration, are grounded, as well as the use of outsourcing capabilities of logistics functions and operations and the use of modern communication tools for the radical change of trade technologies , which will be reflected in the requirements for organizing a complex of logistics activities of retailers and, accordingly, logistic systems created by them. The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical approaches, to systematize the results of the analysis of the essential characteristics and the composition of the trade company system of logistics, and to identify the main measures for the formation of the system of logistics of the subjects of trade enterprise (trade enterprises), which belong to the small business sector. Object of research – subjects of trade enterprise – trade enterprises, which belong to the small business sector. The subject of the study is theoretical and methodological principles of logistic activity organization and conceptual approaches to the construction of logistic formations in the conditions of integration processes. In accordance with the goal formulated, the main objectives of the study: • on the basis of analysis of the most common scientific theories to determine mechanisms for managing them; • to identify new approaches for identifying the essence of logistics, the content of logistics activities of trade enterprises and identify the actual problems of their construction; • to formulate a conceptual approach, basic principles and applied principles of organization of logistic formations with the participation of small business entities; • to develop scientific and practical recommendations on the construction of trade enterprises systems of logistics and their development taking into account the integration processes in the field of commodity circulation.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A DETERMINANT FOR THE LOCAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: EXPERIENCE OF POLISH AND UKRAINIAN REGIONS

Urgency of the research. Social entrepreneurship covers a wide range of tasks from area of social policy that should ensure the normal living conditions of the local community. From this point of view, the main task of social entrepreneurship is to improve the well-being of local community and meet its needs by the implementation of social infrastructure services. Target setting. In the paper the hypothesis is formulated that Ukraine has worse conditions for the formation and development of social entrepreneurship than Poland. The study is proved that development of social entrepreneurship in Poland in the light of EU regional policy consists in the support of social enterprises by the state in accordance with the National Program for Social Economy Development, the European Union. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Some aspects of social entrepreneurship and community development are covered by the studies of such scientists as J. Defourny, J. Hausner, Jan-U. Sandal, A. Nicholls, G. Keohane, J. Kerlin, O. Pankiv and others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. It should be admitted that there is a problem of state support for social enterprises at the appropriate level in Ukraine. This only deepens the differences between the social enterprises in Ukraine and Poland. It is worth noting that as a consequence of this, social entrepreneurship of Ukraine is more business-oriented than in Poland. The research objective. The study on the social entrepreneurship and its impact on the local community development undertaken at national and regional levels, i.e. on statistical material concerning 22 regions of Ukraine and 16 voivodships of Poland. The study used a comparative method of developing social entrepreneurship in Poland and Ukraine. In addition, the study carried out in the paper was enriched with drawings made on the basis of graphic and cartographic data presentation methods. The statement of basic materials. As part of the research, the concept of social entrepreneurship (prosocial business) was defined, the features of the social entrepreneurship in Poland and Ukraine were analysed, and the ways of the social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine were presented. Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, recommendations were presented to strengthen and develop social entrepreneurship in Ukraine.

Strategic priorities of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine

The features of entrepreneurship functioning in Ukraine are investigated, the main problems of enterprises functioning are outlined in the article. It is noted that entrepreneurship is the driving force of the economy, since the efficiency of the enterprises operation directly affects economic development and some life of the population. The problems of domestic business development are presented, a number of measures were proposed that would create a favorable competitive environment for business development in Ukraine. It is stated that the development and expansion of small and medium-sized businesses is one of the priorities of the state economic policy in Ukraine. The main goals of Ukrainian economic policy are the achievement of economic growth, raising the standard of population living, full employment, course stability of the national currency, achievement of foreign economic equilibrium, etc. Achievement of these goals is primarily connected with the prospects of domestic business development. The main features of entrepreneurship are described as indicating that entrepreneurship not only creates a competitive environment, but also contributes to the efficient allocation of resources, the development of scientific and technological progress and changes in the management system. The analysis of statistical data on the number of business entities during 2010-2017 is carried out in parallel with the structural analysis by types of economic activity by individual industries. The general features that are inherent in the national economy are determined, the value of the relative change in the number of economic entities is regarded. It is indicated on the problem of small business development in Ukraine, with its much more effective raise in developed countries. It is also noted that the number of large enterprises in recent years has been decreasing, which is due to the general economic crisis and in connection with the military events in eastern Ukraine, where large enterprises were mainly engaged in their business activities. Focused attention to the problems that impede the development of domestic business entrepreneurship of the regulatory imperfection and legal regulation; unregulated lending to small and medium businesses; lack of financial support from the state; unequal conditions for the management of small and large enterprises; reduction of consumer demand, aggravation of problems in the banking sector has been done. The main tendencies of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine are outlined, among which one can distinguish: provision of state support to small and medium enterprises engaged in investment, innovation and scientific and technical activities; the number limitation of permit documents and simplification of the opening procedures of enterprises; improvement of tax, statistical reporting, reduction of tax pressure on the economy; ensuring a high level of innovation activity of domestic enterprises, reducing pressure from the controlling bodies, countering corruption and a number of other measures. In Ukraine, at the present stage, there are many problems hindering the development of domestic business, the solution of which will increase the efficiency of entrepreneurial activity, will ensure the expansion of the business sector and reduce the share of the shadow sector. In the study of the peculiarities of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine, it was discovered that entrepreneurial activity is multifaceted in its content; it mobilizes active people capable, makes them constantly search for new ways of combining available resources to produce higher quality products at lower costs, while trying to maximize their own profits – get higher profits. Key words: entrepreneurship, competitiveness, business entities, small enterprises, medium-sized enterprises, large enterprises.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ТА ПРОГНОЗ РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

Cognition and systematic study of the essence of innovation processes remain extremely relevant scientific and applied problems. The article deals with state and prospects for the innovative entrepreneurship development in Ukraine compared with the countries of innovation enclave to search for catalysts for its activation. The basis of the generalizations and conclusions were the works of domestic and foreign scientists, normative-legislative acts, public reports and plans for the innovative development of Ukraine in various time intervals, data of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, Eurostat, Startup Ranking and Global Innovation Index. In course of the research the author applied a wide range of general scientific and special methods of cognition. To perform a transformational analysis of the innovative entrepreneurship development, the ADIE 7D descriptive model is proposed, which is based on the following seven descriptors: (i) GDP science intensity; (ii) venture financing of innovation activity; (iii) share of enterprises engaged in innovations; (iv) the number of registered patents; (v) implementation of innovation projects (start-ups); (vi) ecosystem of innovative entrepreneurship; (vii) Global Innovation Index. The model allows identifying the stimulants and destimulators of influence on the process of creating a favorable environment of innovative activity. The following should be noted among the key stimulators of the innovative entrepreneurship development: significant innovation potential, entrepreneurial enthusiasm and creativity of innovators. However, the lack of adequate funding and a harmonized ecosystem of innovative entrepreneurship is becoming an obstacle to radical changes aimed at the innovative breakthrough of our country. Based on the results of the analysis, the author presents a strategic map of innovative entrepreneurship development in Ukraine by descriptors of the proposed model. In the course of the further research it is planned to supplement this ADIE 7D descriptive model by implementing new promising descriptors to deepen analytical procedures.

L. Mamatova, Innovative approach in creation and financing of business in Ukraine.

The article deals with innovative approaches to the creation and financing of business in Ukraine. It is determined that the European Union supports the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine and proposes three projects under EU initiatives and programs - EU4Business, COSME, Horizon 2020. Within the framework of the proposed EU programs, their general requirements, certain types of directions, access to funding and opportunities are identified. to determine the priority directions of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. The proposed SME support programs in Ukraine allowed to map a map of possible strategic knowledge within the framework of EU initiatives and programs that will form an innovative component of the development of enterprises in Ukraine, which consists of three components: information and consultation, training, internship and exchange of experience. A map of possible strategic knowledge has allowed you to select five programs (EU4Business Network of Business Support Centers in Ukraine, COSME IPR Helpdesk, COSME Your Europe portal, Horizon 2020, COSME ERASMUS for young entrepreneurs (EYE)) with the appropriate set of knowledge. The funding sources identify funding sources and tools, partner agencies and financial institutions. The specific objectives of the projects and programs of budget support for business in Ukraine are determined in accordance with the principles, namely, the first principle, coherence and coordination with the priorities, objectives and policy of the partner countries, and the second - the compliance with the policy of development of the EU countries in accordance with the program Transformation Program.

Development of municipal-private partnership in the system of municipal crediting of Ukraine

The object of research is the processes of formation and development of municipal-private partnership (MPP) in the system of communal lending in Ukraine. One of the most problematic places of the object of study is the lack of a unified definition of MPP in the scientific economic literature and current legislation. In the course of the study, general scientific and special methods are used, namely: abstract-logical to generalize the theoretical foundations of the emergence and development of MPP; analysis, synthesis, logical generalization to substantiate the prerequisites for development, the subject-objective characteristics of MPP, the means of increasing the effectiveness of such a partnership. Systematization of the conceptual and categorical apparatus with respect to the definition of the MPP essence allows to conclude that there is no single definition in the scientific literature. The author has provided his own MPP interpretation as a tool to ensure the development of long-term mutually beneficial cooperation of local governments with business structures and the public. With the help of MPP, a policy of regional and municipal socio-economic development is being implemented, and infrastructure and other projects that are socially important for the development of territorial units are co-financed.A systematic analysis of the problems of the development of small private entrepreneurship in Ukraine allowed to justify the direction of their elimination. The obtained results allow to determine the specific features of the MPP and its distinctive features from the state-private partnership (SPP). It is established that attracting private investors requires the development of an appropriate regulatory framework, restoring confidence in the instruments of local loans and the activities of local governments. To do this, it is necessary to ensure the openness and transparency of the MPP implementation projects by creating online platforms through which private investors can receive the necessary information. The construction of the scheme of the constituent elements of the MPP functioning allows to establish the subject-object composition, to determine the prerequisites for the development of such a partnership and its effectiveness. Thanks to this, it is possible to obtain a budgetary, social, environmental effect at the level of administrative-territorial units and the development of a system of communal lending in Ukraine.

Становлення і розвиток підприємництва в Україні

Становлення і розвиток підприємництва в Україні

Intellectual Entrepreneurship as a Driver for the Development of Innovation Economy

The article is devoted to the comprehensive study of changes in modern trends in the use of innovative technologies characterized by the transition to knowledge economy and information society, which in many respects determine the economic and social type of development of the international and national economy. The article reveals the problems, the main directions and prospects in the category of «intellectual enterprise». The authors focus on the role of innovation in the modern world, its active dissemination, introduction into all spheres of economic activity, emergence of new technologies, intellectualization and informatization of production. The authors propose the proper definition of the category of «intellectual enterprise». Particular attention is paid to the relevance of intellectual entrepreneurship in modern conditions, which primarily happens due to active changes of such concepts as «knowledge», «trade», as well as constant reorientation of modern trends. The entrepreneurial sector determines the preconditions for the formation of qualitative changes of an economic and social nature, based on the introduction of innovations and self-organization of business entities. As exploratory task, the authors identified an attempt to evaluate intellectual entrepreneurship in the context of innovation on the example of developed countries. This direction is also supplemented by consideration of current trends in the development of intellectual entrepreneurship in Ukraine, which today, unlike many developed countries, is just being initiated in the realities of Ukrainian business environment. In the end, certain measures were proposed those could provide the necessary processes for creating a supportive environment where the process of formation, growth, use and creative processing of already existing data and information as a resource for creating innovative solutions in Ukraine will take place.

Розвиток підприємництва в Україні: історичні детермінанти та перспективи

The article is devoted to the problem of formation and development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The author shows historical conditionality of modern features of entrepreneurial activity and reveals the causes and factors of the deformation of the institution of entrepreneurship. The importance of private enterprise for economic development is explored, and the roles of innovation and competition are underlined. The author uses the methods of evolutionary economic theory and institutional history, carries out a retrospective review of the origin, formation and development of entrepreneurship and reveals the importance of primary forms of entrepreneurship in the Middle Ages. The economy and trade were of a high level and progressive character on the Ukrainian lands. Institutional norms contributed to the development of private entrepreneurship. Kievan Rus was an economic leader of Europe. Further disintegration of the state had negative consequences. Political, social and religious barriers arose for the entrepreneurial activity of the Ukrainian population. In the article, the reverse character of institutional evolution is justified. The author reveals the role of the Ukrainian Cossack State and the policy of Bohdan Khmelnitsky in economic democratization and shows the dependence between the processes of formation of the national state and the formation of the national market. The myth of the primacy of state and landowner manufactories is refuted. In mid-17th century, manufactories developed on the basis of private crafts, being the private property and hired labor at the heart of entrepreneurship. Institutional scrapping occurred later, when the Russian empire planted state-owned manufactories and factories. The concentration of power and property in the hands of the landlords and the state hindered the development of capitalism. Reforms of the second half of the 19 - early 20th centuries strengthened the integration of the Ukrainian economy into the Russian market, though numerous features of the feudal system were preserved. The asymmetry of access to economic resources aggravated. The policy of internal protectionism contributed to the rapid development of new industries and monopolization of the economy. A merge between business and state took place. At the same time, the unevenness of economic development intensified social contradictions. Another institutional breakdown in the history of entrepreneurship in Ukraine occurred during the Soviet period. Mental and behavioral archetypes of economic activity were undermined, and the institutional foundations of private enterprise were destroyed. Privatization and liberalization of the economy during the years of Ukraine's Independence have failed to overcome the historical trajectory of the development of economic institutions. Competition and private enterprise are inferior to monopoly and bureaucracy. The formation of a new entrepreneurship paradigm requires inclusion and social responsibility. Creation and dissemination of new innovative forms of entrepreneurship in Ukraine according to the network model corresponds to global trends. Reliance on social capital and IT technologies indicates the prospects for the development of entrepreneurship, and overcoming institutional barriers requires a proper transformation of the system of extractive institutions into a system of incentives and mechanisms of social inclusion.