Entrepreneurial Career Research Articles

The Effect of Financial Literacy and Entrepreneurship Education on Students' Intentions to Pursue Entrepreneurial Careers

The present study examines the influence of entrepreneurship education (EE) and financial literacy (FL) on the ambitions of students to engage in entrepreneurial careers. The study used a quantitative research methodology to explore the interplay and impacts of these variables on the entrepreneurial career aspirations of students. An analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistical methods based on primary data from a structured survey questionnaire administered to students from different university programs. Examining the study hypotheses indicates that students' ambitions to enter entrepreneurial careers are enhanced by their participation in entrepreneurship education programs and their comprehensive understanding of financial literacy. The study results substantially influence the acquisition of crucial financial management skills and the improvement of preparedness for entrepreneurial pursuits among students. Moreover, the study's enduring impacts on integrating EE and FL on entrepreneurial success offer significant insights for enhancing educational approaches.

PENGARUH DUKUNGAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP POLA PIKIR BERWIRAUSAHA PADA PELAKU USAHA MUDA DI KOTA BONTANG

Youth entrepreneurship has a significant impact on productivity, economic growth and the creation of new technologies. Peer support, entrepreneurship education, and self-efficacy have been shown to influence students' entrepreneurial intentions.Social support from family and peer environment is also related to entrepreneurial intention. In addition, research also shows thatpeers have a significant influence on entrepreneurial career choice, even greater than the influence of parents. Therefore, it can be concluded that peer support plays a significant role in the development of an entrepreneurial mindset in young entrepreneurs. Thisshows the importance of paying attention to social environmental factors, such as peer support, in an effort to develop anentrepreneurial spirit in the younger generation.

Growing Motivation Entrepreneurship: Implementation of Entrepreneurship Education for Vocational School Students

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of implementing entrepreneurship education at Gudo Vocational School, Jombang in fostering entrepreneurial motivation in students. Through a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations of student participation in entrepreneurial activities. The research results show that entrepreneurship education at Gudo Vocational School has an impact on students' motivation to become entrepreneurs. Factors such as practical learning, coaching by experienced teachers, and stimulation to innovate encourage students to consider an entrepreneurial career. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of strengthening entrepreneurship education in secondary education institutions, which can provide a strong foundation for students to develop entrepreneurial skills and prepare them to become key drivers in an economy based on creativity and innovation.

A System Dynamics-Based Interactive Learning Environment for Online Formative (Self-)Assessment of Wanna-Be Entrepreneurs’ Performance Management Capabilities

Background: Many scholars emphasize the way in which sustained organizational development requires a shift in focus from the individual traits of the entrepreneur to the building of an organization that utilizes the collective contributions of its employees. To achieve this, entrepreneurs must adopt the role of a facilitator and empower their employees to perform at their best. There are numerous factors that influence one’s decision to pursue a career in entrepreneurship, such as the beliefs and desires that individuals possess. Entrepreneurs possess diverse self-perceptions, and this plays a crucial role in their motivation to start a new business. Studies on entrepreneurial self-perception examine the elements, such as personal identity and capabilities—particularly the ability to effectively manage company drivers—which ultimately shape one’s decision to embark on a new venture. Launching a startup is not merely an act; rather, it represents a substantial reflection of an individual’s self-concept and identity. Consequently, an individual’s perceived social identity has a substantial influence on their choice to pursue entrepreneurship, as they view the venture as an extension of themselves. Methods: An online interactive learning environment (ILE) designed to assess the performance management capabilities of wanna-be entrepreneurs, in accordance with the formative assessment paradigm, has been developed. Results: The procedures for carrying out the formative (self-) assessment of wanna-be entrepreneurs’ performance management capabilities will be detailed. Two concrete assessment cases, with the aim of making clearer what kind of outcomes the ILE can generate, will be presented. Conclusions: The ILE could contribute in the encouragement of wanna-be entrepreneurs to participate in entrepreneurship educational programs.

Keys to Building an Innovative and Entrepreneurial Campus Ecosystem: Practices to Policies

More than 40 years after the Bayh-Dole Act empowered universities to capitalize on their research discovery and invention, significant opportunities remain in the vast potential for translating this intellectual property (IP) for the benefit of society. In the meantime, corporations have shrunk their basic research laboratories and sought further-developed, less-risky product ideas while the need for new problem-solving knowledge and innovation, from health and energy to technology and ecology, expands. Colleges and universities, regardless of their Carnegie classification, can seize this opportunity to leverage the expertise, creativity, and passion for making a difference in their faculty, students, and staff by developing entrepreneurial ecosystems of discovery, development, and commercialization. This article identifies experiences, opportunities, infrastructure, policies, and practices to stimulate such an ecosystem drawing on the author's experiences and observations at three diverse institutions over two decades. Those stimulants include increased creative and entrepreneurial activity; integration of curricular and co-curricular activities beginning with undergraduates; focus on entrepreneurship career options; more opportunities to advance IP; transdisciplinary collaboration; collaborative spaces; streamlined, supported translation and licensing processes; and impact on faculty and staff evaluation. This approach advances higher education's mission to serve students and society and opens the potential for new solutions that elevate well-being.

Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs

PurposeTo increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience.Design/methodology/approachData from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate).FindingsThe type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers.Research limitations/implicationsEntrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program.Originality/valueThis study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.

The Role Of Ambition For Freedom In Entrepreneurship Education As Entrepreneurial Motivation

Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in advancing the Indonesian economy with the potential to reduce unemployment and support economic growth. Although the government intensively encourages the spirit of entrepreneurship, there are still obstacles, especially related to not daring to face business risks. Amid the pandemic, unemployment is rising, prompting some individuals to turn to self-employment as a way of surviving. However, the number of entrepreneurs in Indonesia is still below international standards, reflecting obstacles to stimulating entrepreneurial interest. Phenomenological research on the role of ambition for freedom as an entrepreneurial motivation among students and alumni of Commerce Education at State University of Malang is still limited. Further understanding of ambition for freedom in the context of entrepreneurial learning at universities is needed to inform effective educational strategies, encourage interest in entrepreneurship at the local level, and support national economic growth. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The subject of the study involves Students. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis involves the reduction, display, and inference of data, with tringulation used to ensure validity. The results showed that comprehensively, the findings of the three data collection methods consistently supported the central role of Ambition for Freedom in motivating Commerce Education students to choose and succeed in entrepreneurial careers. These overall findings provide a deep understanding of the dynamics of intrinsic motivation in the context of entrepreneurial learning. This research provides a strong foundation for advanced research related to the development of entrepreneurial learning strategies that focus more on aspects of intrinsic motivation. In addition, longitudinal research can provide a clearer picture of the long-term impact of entrepreneurial learning on the careers of students and alumni.

Promoting a Contemporary Image of Entrepreneurial Careers: A Course Concept to Address Gender Role Stereotypes Through Entrepreneurship Education

Students who seemingly do not fit the masculine ideal of an entrepreneur rarely consider entrepreneurship as a suitable career path due to a lack of identification and perceived feasibility. To challenge the masculinization of entrepreneurship, we drew from contemporary literature on gender role stereotypes to design a course that enables business and management educators to foster entrepreneurial aspirations among all genders. To that end, we introduce and evaluate a variety of pedagogical nudges that help raise awareness of and dismantle the stereotypical beliefs that deem masculine characteristics necessary to succeed in an entrepreneurial career. Results from 122 students and scientists who participated in the course show that these nudges, including the androgynous representation of entrepreneurship and the creation of safe spaces, help participants transform their views on who and what is involved in entrepreneurship. Our discussion underscores the importance of addressing gender role stereotypes in entrepreneurship education as a means to increase the pool of individuals who can identify with the role of a startup founder and to de-bias the allocation of resources in venture creation processes.

Family Firm Succession Plans of Students in the Visegrad Countries

Abstract The recognition of the social and economic role of entrepreneurship has brought to the fore the question of what influences entrepreneurial ideas and how entrepreneurship can be encouraged. One possible route to an entrepreneurial career is to take over the family business. This article focuses on the pre-succession period and examines the factors determining students’ decisions to take over the family business, using the sample of Visegrad countries from the 2018 GUESSS (Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey) database. Our results show that some factors influencing the family business’s succession are company-specific (such as the size and performance of the company). Others depend on the students’ commitment (ownership, involvement in the work) and individual characteristics (attitudes, self-efficacy) and are also determined by the perception of the student’s environment about the succession.

Spinning an entrepreneurial career: Motivation, attribution, and the development of organizational capabilities

AbstractResearch SummaryWe inductively examine how the careers of employee entrepreneurs unfold, uncovering the role of motives and attribution for failure. Founders expressing organizational misalignment motives for leaving established organizations engaged in “venture crafting” whereby they actively sought to build well‐functioning organizations. They built successful initial ventures and careers. Founders lacking organizational misalignment motives generally founded initial ventures that failed: however, those making internal attributions altered their behaviors and built successful careers; in contrast, founders making external attributions continued founding unsuccessful ventures. These findings suggest that building organizational capabilities—and not merely inheriting capabilities from existing organizations—is a cornerstone of building successful entrepreneurial careers. Our findings are based on detailed career history and archival data on employee entrepreneurs in the disk‐drive industry.Managerial SummaryOur study follows careers of individuals leaving employment to create ventures, providing insights for entrepreneurs and managers. Though entrepreneurs often choose to focus solely on building a stellar product, our study underscores the importance of crafting well‐functioning organizations for career and venture success. Moreover, in case where initial ventures fail, founders who make internal attribution generate a “second chance” at success, whether as serial entrepreneurs or by returning to paid employment. Those who attribute failure to external factors, however, repeat their mistakes. For managers, our study reveals that the genesis of successful entrepreneurial careers is rooted in organizational deficiencies that prevent talented employees from thriving as intrapreneurs. The venture crafters typically left their jobs only after attempts to amend these issues were unsuccessful.

Research Methodology of Mompreneurs’ Career Narratives in China’ Social Media Context

This paper began with an overview of the philosophical assumptions and frameworks behind qualitative research. Since this study aims to get a deeper insight into the entrepreneurial career experience of mothers within the context of social media, the researcher discusses narrative inquiry method. This method focuses on interpretating and understanding the meaning of stories, as well as presenting transitional periods in people’s lives. The paper then details the data collection process, including interviews and data analysis. Both a demographic questionnaire and in-depth individual interviews were utilized to collect data on the experiences and perceptions of mothers. Finally, ethical considerations and the potential impact of the researcher’s role on participants’ interviews and narratives are addressed

Pengaruh Dan Peluang Usaha Terhadap Kesiapan Mahasiswa Untuk Menjadi Wirausaha

The aim of this research aims to investigate the impact of factors that influence students' readiness to undertake an entrepreneurial career in an academic environment. These factors include education, motivation, practical experience, and social support from universities. In addition, this research also identifies relevant business opportunities that can support students in their entrepreneurial preparation. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The descriptive method is considered suitable for explaining the influence and business opportunities on students' readiness to become entrepreneurs. The data in this research report was obtained in accordance with books, journals, articles, theses, the internet and so on related to the research topic. The results of this research provide valuable insight into how universities can more effectively prepare students to become successful entrepreneurs. The conclusion is that students have great potential to start their own businesses as long as they have innovative ideas, relevant skills, and access to the necessary resources. Keywords: Influence, Business Opportunities, Student Preparation, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Education, Motivation, Social Support, Academic Environment, Higher Education.

Beyond educating students about business failure: The role of optimism training and hope

ABSTRACT Teaching entrepreneurship students about failure can help them better cope with business failure and learn from it. This is important given evidence that experienced entrepreneurs are more successful. Entrepreneurship educators raise the concern that teaching students about failure may make them apprehensive about pursuing entrepreneurship. We examine the impact of optimism training on individuals who are learning about business failure (distinguishing between large and small failure) to study the impact of failure on career choice. Using a randomized experiment, we study the underlying mechanism – the feeling of hope – in how failure magnitude impacts an individual’s subsequent career choice between wage employment and entrepreneurship. Our findings show that failure magnitude negatively impacts subsequent entrepreneurship career choice by reducing hope. We also find that having an optimistic mind-set moderates this relationship. The negative effect of failure on hope, and subsequent entrepreneurship career choice, is minimized for individuals with an optimistic mind-set.

How to drive sustainable entrepreneurial intentions: Unraveling the nexus of entrepreneurship education ecosystem, attitude and orientation

AbstractWhile the nexus of the entrepreneurial education (EE) framework shapes education policies and promotes entrepreneurial opportunities to achieve global sustainable development goals, studies on the potential mechanisms by which the ecosystem dimension of entrepreneurial education (EEE) influences entrepreneurial behavior are still scarce. To address these lacunae, this research study investigates the interaction between EEE elements (institutional environment, course curriculum, and academic incubators) and sustainable entrepreneurial intention (SEI) and in addition, examines the role of attitude towards sustainability (ATS) as a mediator from the resource dependence perspective, deploying the theories of planned behavior and social cognitive career. Furthermore, we examine the moderating role of sustainable entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) in the relationship between ATS and SEI. We developed and tested a model on a sample of 402 university and academic institution students with diverse academic backgrounds using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Results indicate that ecosystem elements of EE and attitudinal attributes are crucial factors in promoting SEI. The indirect impact of EEE involves fostering ATS, which in turn augment SEI. The results also reveal that SEO is a moderator that shapes attitudes and career intentions towards sustainable entrepreneurship. In sum, the present empirical study sheds light on the pathway to build sustainable entrepreneurial careers through analyzing the ecosystem framework of entrepreneurship education. Implications, limitations, and future research avenues are discussed in detail.

中国社交媒体环境下“宝妈创业者”的职业叙述：自我、孩子与生意

In the past decades, women-owned businesses have increased significantly. A large portion of these entrepreneurs are mothers who combine entrepreneurship with raising their children and are also known as ‘mompreneurs’. Researchers have highlighted the impact of changes at critical life stages on mothers’ career decisions, and noted that the unique way that entrepreneurial mothers coordinate roles, relationships, and domain involvement has an important influence on their career patterns. Despite a growing interest in women’s career-life development and entrepreneurship, relatively few researches have been conducted on the entrepreneurial career of self-employed mothers with dependent children. This research seeks to understand how mompreneurs perceive the relationship between self, business, and children. Adopting a career narrative perspective, this study applies a qualitative interview research design, the data were collected through open-ended, semi-structured interviews by face to face or Skype, supplemented by questionnaire. The twelve mothers’ interviews were a small sample of the most ordinary mompreneurs in China, they were recruited by purposive sampling and snowball sampling method. The study proposes ‘six entrepreneurial career types’ to explain why mother mothers’ transit into entrepreneurship, and is dedicated to providing theoretical and practical references for researchers and practitioners engaged in female entrepreneurship and career counseling.

Peran Orientasi Budaya dalam Berkarier Wirausaha pada Siswa SMK

Entrepreneurship is a potential job that still has the opportunity to be developed. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of cultural orientation and gender on entrepreneurial careers. Researchers use purposive sampling method, involving 347 Vocational High School (SMK) students consisting of 180 male students (51.87%) and 167 female students (48.12%). The researcher used the High School Student Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale and the Cultural Orientation Scale. The results of this study indicate the influence of cultural orientation on entrepreneurship in vocational students. The results also showed that there was no difference in entrepreneurial interest between male and female students. The practical implication of the results of this study is that the vertical and horizontal collective cultural orientation factors have a role in building entrepreneurial interest among teenagers.

When old and new selves collide: Identity conflict and entrepreneurial nostalgia among ex‐entrepreneurs

AbstractPeople undergoing career transitions often bring aspects of old roles into their new work contexts, and this interface can create conflict between lingering aspects of one's work self and the newer aspects of one's work self. Yet, we know little about how this conflict between old and new selves shapes employee outcomes. We examine this issue among ex‐entrepreneurs—individuals who have transitioned from a business owner to a wage employee. Drawing from role identity theory, we develop a model of the consequences of conflict between a lingering entrepreneur identity and a current work role identity. We propose that ex‐entrepreneurs who experience higher levels of identity conflict will be more likely to experience burnout and less likely to engage in boosterism of their employer, and that these relationships are explained by lower levels of perceived professional identity growth (i.e., progressive identity). We further suggest that the negative effect of conflict on progressive identity is exacerbated by nostalgia for one's entrepreneurial past. In a three‐stage field survey of ex‐entrepreneurs and their romantic partners, we found support for these hypotheses using both partner‐rated outcomes and self‐rated outcomes. We discuss implications for the literature on entrepreneurship careers and work identity in organizations.

Examining Chilean Students’ Interest in Entrepreneurship Education: The Effects of Self-Employment Perceptions, Self-Confidence, and College Type

Considering the critical role entrepreneurship plays in socioeconomic development, investigating the factors that motivate students to pursue an entrepreneurial career track in higher education is important for researchers and policymakers. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence Chilean college students’ intentions to choose entrepreneurship education. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 435 students studying in various private and public colleges in Talca, Chile. The results indicate that students’ interest in selecting entrepreneurship as a major is mainly driven by their perceptions of self-employment, self-confidence levels, and the type of college they attend. Additionally, our study findings reveal that students’ intentions to major in entrepreneurship and their prior exposure to entrepreneurship (e.g., having entrepreneur friends/family) are closely related to their likelihood of starting a business.

Altruistic entrepreneurs: How does religious belief affect entrepreneurial career persistence?

ABSTRACT This article investigates the influence of entrepreneurs’ religious beliefs on entrepreneurial career persistence, with altruism as a mediating mechanism at the psychological level. Based on the theory of role boundary permeability, we propose that the moral values contained in entrepreneurs’ religious beliefs permeate into their entrepreneurial domain, making them more altruistic. Using a unique longitudinal, multilevel dataset derived from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), we tested our hypotheses on 4,848 observations of entrepreneurs’ career persistence spanning three consecutive two-year periods (2012−2014, 2014−2016, and 2016−2018) using multilevel logistic regression. Our findings show that religious beliefs enhance entrepreneurial altruism and subsequently increase the probability of entrepreneurial career persistence. More broadly, our study provides new insights into the psychological-level mechanisms at work in the entrepreneurial practice of religious entrepreneurs, adding an important new explanation to the limited research on how religion matters for entrepreneurship.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KECENDERUNGAN PEMILIHAN KERJAYA KEUSAHAWANAN DIGITAL DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR PENDIDIKAN TAHUN AKHIR

The selection of a digital entrepreneurship career is increasingly becoming an selection among final year students at university incluidng final year teacher education. The purpose of this research was to determine whether social media literacy and motivational factors (attitudes toward digital entrepreneurship, behavioural control, and subjective norms) had an impact on the tendency of digital entrepreneurial career choice during the COVID-19 pandemic among final year teacher education students. This study was also carried out to determine the level of the propensity for digital entrepreneurial career choice and the dominant factors influencing such propensity during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, 113 students were chosen as respondents from a total of 158 final years teacher education students from the Faculty of Management and Economics (FPE) at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). This study used a proportional stratified random sampling method to ensure that the sample's percentage ratio was parallel to the subpopulation's percentage ratio. The influence that existed between the dependent variables and the independent variables in this study was assessed using multiple regression analysis. To answer research questions about levels and dominant factors, descriptive analysis involving mean values and standard deviations was also used. According to the study's findings, only motivational factors had a significant positive influence on the tendency of digital entrepreneurship career choice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study's findings also show that the level of digital entrepreneurship career choice among students is medium to high, and the most powerful factor influencing this career choice tendency is motivation (subjective norm). This research is expected to help stakeholders design and implement appropriate follow-up actions to encourage prospective graduates to pursue digital entrepreneurial careers.