Entire Career Research Articles

When and where we are: Comparing early criminal careers of organized crime offenders in Italy and the Netherlands across decades

PurposeThis study examines the early criminal careers of organized crime offenders in Italy and the Netherlands and assess how these behaviors have evolved across generations. We (1) compare the early careers with the entire career in the two country samples and (2) assess the influence of generational shifts and social changes on these behaviors, particularly focusing on crime control policies. MethodsAnalyzing data on male offenders born between 1950 and 1986, we analyze criminal careers up to ages 23 and 30. Our analysis includes statistical assessments of differences between countries and among decades, employing multinomial logistic regressions to explore the associations between criminal career parameters and crime categories and the offenders' decade of birth. ResultsSignificant differences were found between the Italian and Dutch samples, reflecting country-specific dynamics in organized crime involvement. Evidence suggests minimal generational shifts towards more serious offending, but notable impacts of social changes, especially in anti-drug and anti-organized crime policies, across individuals born in different decades. ConclusionsBoth the societal context (‘where we are’) and temporal influences (‘when we are’) are essential in understanding criminal careers. Changes in policies and social conditions differentially affected organized crime offenders in Italy and the Netherlands.

The Remarkably Unremarkable Life of England's First Black Parish Priest

Bryan Mackey (1770–1847) was for years the unremarkable, unremarked rector of a rural parish in Gloucestershire. He has, however, the distinction of apparently being the first priest with African ancestry to be ordained into the Church of England and who then served his entire career in Britain. His life history raises questions about historical racism within the Church and the wider society.

Perspectives on 40‐year careers—University of Calgary Chemical & Petroleum Engineering graduating class of 1983

AbstractOnly a few of the students who graduated from Chemical & Petroleum Engineering at the University of Calgary found jobs in 1983 because of a severe recession and the National Energy Program artifically deflating the oil price. Despite the slow start to their careers, the graduates have made substantial contributions to industry, government agencies, and academia. They worked on over 60 projects in more than 40 countries, many of which were valued in the billions of dollars (excluding projects in Canada). Because of the volatility in the petroleum industry, the graduates often moved from one company to another: 6 individuals worked for 10 or more companies, while only 2 spent their entire career at a single company. In 1981, we were told that the half‐life of an engineering career was 5 years, but while many did take up senior management positions and business roles, most remained very close to the engineering profession throughout their careers. Here, we summarize the career paths in broad terms, like how frequently graduates changed jobs, how much time they averaged in each company, and mention the role of education in their work. Of the 60 students who graduated in 1983, this perspective article excludes seven engineers who passed away prematurely, and another seven who could not be reached.

БОЛОЧОК ХИМИЯ МУГАЛИМДЕРИНИН МЕТОДИКАЛЫК КОМПЕТЕНТТҮҮЛҮГҮН КАЛЫПТАНДЫРУУНУН ПРИНЦИПТЕРИ

The article examines the problems of developing the methodological competence of a chemistry teacher in a dynamically developing education system. The components of the subject competence of a chemistry teacher, the directions of their development, the structure and content of the directions of development of professional competence are analyzed: course training in the system of additional professional pedagogical education, self-educational activities. The issues of self-education and the formation of motivational and value components of the professional activity of a chemistry teacher are considered. In addition, the article examines the development of a chemistry teacher’s subject competence throughout his entire professional career, based on the unity of four components - self-forecasting, self-education, self-education and achievement motivation as the driving force of professional self-improvement. One of the key directions in the process of developing a teacher’s professional competence is self-education - systematic, purposeful independent cognitive activity to master psychological, pedagogical, subject and methodological knowledge. Self-education is determined by the personal, social and professional needs of the teacher, the desire to maximize one’s creative potential, the presence of achievement motivation and a value-based attitude towards one’s own professional activities.

Exploring influences of supervision on psychotherapists’ professional development: correlates across career-level cohorts

ABSTRACT This exploratory study aims to extend and strengthen the empirical base for supervision as a facilitator of professional growth, as outlined in an established conceptual model, by exploring its correlates among psychotherapists across their entire professional career. Ratings of the impact of supervision by 6267 psychotherapists of different professions, theoretical orientations, and career levels in many countries who were currently in supervision were correlated, separately for each of five career cohorts, with aspects of their treatment experience, work situation, and personal characteristics. Large percentages of psychotherapists at all career levels, including senior psychotherapists, engaged in supervision and rated its impact on their development positively. Growth-facilitating supervision was associated broadly but moderately in all career cohorts mainly with interpersonal aspects of therapists’ treatment experience, with supportive work settings, and with caring and expressive personal characteristics. Some differential findings among cohorts also reflected potential developmentally based functions of supervision. The implications of results were considered both for supervisory practice, training and for future supervision research.

We are celebrating seventy years of Jan Macek

Jan Macek, one of the leading personalities of the Czech hymenopterology, celebrated his 70th birthday in 2023. His entire professional career has been associated with the Department of Entomology at the National Museum in Prague (since 2023 officially the National Museum of the Czech Republic), where he worked as a curator of the Hymenoptera Collection. He has already spent a total of 45 years at the National Museum. He is best known to entomologists as a specialist on the Hymenoptera groups Symphyta and Diapriidae, but he is also well known to public as an author of guides to Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera.

Keeping Score

Sexual assault victims often experience various degrees of re-victimization if they go through the process of reporting or seeking support for the crime. This autoethnographic essay explores, from the perspective of a gender scholar and gender rights activist, how the power of socialization impacted her rape-reporting process, despite having worked in and researched power-based personal violence her entire career. Drawing from scholarly studies of gender norms, politeness, emotion work, and rape support, this piece unpacks the twenty-four hours following a sexual assault to highlight the gendered perspective that caused one victim to let her rapist walk free. Looking at the power of socialization, readers are shown how, despite the education and experience of the victim and her support network, she also struggled to navigate the barriers that prevent all victims from feeling safe and heard.

The association between physical activity intensity and frailty risk among older adults across different age groups and genders: Evidence from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey.

"Exercise is the best medicine" is well known, but the optimal dose of physical activity (PA) for males and females across different age groups is still unknown. This study, using data from the four waves of CHARLS, aimed to determine the optimal PA dose that reduces frailty risks among older adults across various age groups and both sexes. We created a frailty index score using 63 health-related variables and used 0.21 as the frailty cut point. Binary logistic regression was used to compare the effect of vigorous, moderate, and light intensity PA under IPAQ criteria on frailty risk. The study found that regardless of whether males or females, the optimal effect of vigorous-intensity PA in reducing the risk of frailty is consistently observed throughout the entire old age career. Moreover, the age groups at which moderate-intensity PA reduces the risk of frailty were from age 70 for males and from age 80 for females. And light-intensity PA had no effect on reducing the risk of frailty. Moderate and vigorous intensity of PA in older adults should be promoted, but guidelines and recommendations must account for optimal associations with PA dose across genders and age groups.

Design and evaluation of an immunology and pathology course that is tailored to today's dentistry students.

Curricular reform provides new opportunities to renovate important pillars of the dentistry curriculum, such as immunology and pathology, with novel approaches that appeal to new generations of students. When redesigning a course that integrates both immunology and pathology at the level that provides dentistry students with sustainable knowledge that is useful for their entire career, several challenges must be met. The objective of the present study was to describe the considerations involved in the design phase of such a new course. First, the course should be compatible with the new view on the incorporation of more active learning and teaching methods. Practically, this means that the course design should contain fewer lectures and more seminars and tutorials, where the students have fewer contact hours and actively engage in using recently acquired knowledge within a contextual background. A mandatory session of team-based learning provides opportunities to apply knowledge in combination with academic reasoning skills, teamwork, and communication. Second, for a 4-week course, choices must be made: students will not become immunologists nor pathologists in such a short period. A governing principle for this course's design is that it should be based on understanding the basic principles of immunology and pathology. The ultimate goal for the students is to make the course immuno-logical and patho-logical, challenging them to reach a next level but clearly without oversimplification. Part of the course design should allow room for students to further study an immunological topic of their own choice, thereby contributing to their immunological curiosity and to their academic development. Third, to make it tailored to a new generation of dentists, examples from the field of dentistry are actively integrated in all aspects of the course. Finally, the era of ChatGPT provides novel opportunities to use generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the learning process, but it demands critical thinking of how to use it in a newly designed course. A mid-course evaluation revealed that students acknowledged that immunology and pathology were presented as an integrated course. The final course evaluation endorsed the use of these various educational methods. These methods proved to be appropriate and logical choices for reaching the learning goals of the course.

REMEMBERING GYULA WALLESHAUSEN (19232010) RESEARCHER OF THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth, we commemorate Gyula Walleshausen, an outstanding and dedicated authority in the Hungarian librarianship and the first great generation of librarians after 1945, and in addition, one of the most important researchers in the history of Hungarian agricultural education, agricultural higher education and agricultural vocational training. In the course of his work as a librarian and historian, he respected, analysed with his competent knowledge and transformed the historical values of the past into volumes with scientific precision, thus preserving and handing them down to posterity. His writings on librarianship and university history are indispensable, important basic works for anyone researching a subject he studied or anyone who is simply interested in the history of a library issue, institution or discipline. In this article, we commemorate his entire career and his work, but above all his work as an agricultural historian.

‘Retirement home’ or ‘symbol of purity and nobility’? David Ben-Gurion’s changing perception of the Israeli presidency

ABSTRACT David Ben-Gurion played a pivotal role in shaping Israel’s political institutions, yet scholarly literature concerning his views on the Israeli presidency is notably lacking. Traditionally, his perception of the presidency has been portrayed as deeming it ‘unnecessary’. However, such portrayals are limited, focusing on isolated moments rather than encompassing his entire political career. This research aims to address this gap by examining Ben-Gurion’s relationship with presidential candidacies from 1949 to 1963. Through this analysis, it seeks to elucidate the evolution of his perceptions, articulations, and conceptualizations of the presidency in Israel over time.

Acompañamiento docente y diversidad: el caso de alumnos con aptitudes sobresalientes

The need to make visible students with outstanding aptitudes and, above all, identify a path by which the different educational figures guide this process, is the main objective of this work aimed at establishing the characterization of the role of these important actors in education, in relation to the help that students need in this representation of human diversity in schools. For this reason, the research was carried out in pedagogical articles and books that would allow us to understand some characteristic features of the educational figures that would make possible the inclusion of students with outstanding aptitudes in the classroom, in an inclusive learning environment in which students with disabilities or diverse educational needs participate in classes along with the rest of their classmates without the presence of barriers associated with learning or participation. This approach promotes the inclusion of all students in a diverse learning environment. Therefore, it is important to recognize that currently, the role of both the teacher and the director have changed to respond to the demands not only of training, but also of performance within an increasingly diverse classroom; and this is related to the concept of accompaniment as a central axis in this process in which the continuous training relationship between manager-teacher is carried out; understanding this accompaniment as the collaborative learning and professional development that educators carry out throughout their entire career.

Перспективный метод повышения уровня профессиональных компетенций персонала в целях обеспечения безопасности производственных процессов в компании ОАО «РЖД»

The study considers the problems of the importance of improving the quality of professional development of employees and their competencies to prevent accidents at the production facilities of the company. Despite the implementation of modern technologies and innovations, the role of employees in workflows remains crucial. Accidents and incidents in RZhD JSC, including the events that occurred due to the fault of employees, have been analyzed. The causes of incidents and accidents at production have been identified. Proposals for the improvement of the process of personnel training have been formulated. A promising method in the form of an employee’s safety passport has been suggested as a solution. This means that each employee of the company must undergo continuous training during their entire professional career. To achieve high results, innovative solutions must be applied to the system of personnel training. The implementation of innovative methods will allow to control the workflow and take prompt measures to improve and develop the training system. The promising vision of the use of new engineering and technological solutions, digital options for occupational optimization and organization has been demonstrated.

"Now What Do I Do?" - Practical Challenges Faced By Young Neurosurgeons in their Career Management.

Neurosurgical residency is tough. Grueling hours and tough decisions require a mental makeup unlike many other specialties. But the real examination begins after the residency is over. Many young neurosurgeons are faced with a daunting task of deciding their future as soon as they step out of the medical school. Sometimes, such decisions can shape the entire career of the neurosurgeon. However, over the many years of academic teaching and learning what we are not taught is how to "Manage." Management of careers, decision making, and understanding the business end of our profession is lacking. Here, we review the career and decisions needed to be taken by a young neurosurgeon through the glass of a business management mindset. We try to define the opportunities and decisions and how they may reflect on the general population and patients as a whole.

English

Introduction: MotoGP (Moto Grand Prix) is the premier class of motorcycle road racing events held on road circuits over a distance between 100 and 130 kilometers. Despite its worldwide popularity, there are only few studies published in the scientific literature, thus the aim of this paper is to contribute to the discussion about epidemiological data regarding the injuries of MotoGP riders. Material and method: Riders involved in the Moto Grand Prix (MotoGP) World Championships 2019, 2020, and 2021 were studied for time-loss injuries (TLI) by searching the official websites of riders themselves, races, sports newspapers. Results: Twenty-nine riders (age 28.0±4.7 yrs; BMI 21.8±1.2 kg/m2) with 11.8±8.2 yrs of experience in MotoGP and in motor racing championships, participated in the MotoGP World Championships 2019, 2020 and 2021. They reported 26 TLI during races, without difference between race and pre-race practice. TLI prevalence tends to increase linearly as riders participate in more than one subsequent Championship (R2 = 0.998; p<0.001), with a risk of 100% through the entire career. Incidence of TLI was 21.2/1000 hours of race (CI 95%: 9.7-32.8). TLI were classified as contusions (35%), bone fractures (32%), sprains (10%), contussions (10%), compartment syndromes (6%) and reopening of surgical wound (3%). Fractures accounted for 1.5% of the falls in the 2019-2021 championships and for 59% of TLI in career, affecting the upper limb in 62% of cases of fractures. Injuries were due to lowside (46%), collisions (38%), highside (8%), speed wobble (4%) and gust of wind (4%). The median absence from trainings and competitions due to TLI was 18 days (range 1-271). Conclusions: Training sessions and testing are equally occasions for TLI and should be considered for prevention and safety promotion of MotoGP riders

Fort Worth After School Arts

This project illustrates my process of creating the curriculum for a pilot Musical Theatre program called Fort Worth After School Arts. The program is designed to address the widespread issue of a lack of arts education in low-income schools by beginning with middle schools in Fort Worth ISD, partnering with the preexisting Fort Worth After School program. Moreover, the program is designed to provide intentional accessibility efforts as well as personal development and mentorship opportunities by utilizing college-aged interns. I documented each step of the process, from the multiple factors that led me to begin to deciding what the program would look like, writing the curriculum, and receiving feedback. I also documented anticipated further challenges that would need to be addressed for the program to be fully realized. Through this project, I learned how to synthesize information from a variety of places and experiences to benefit others. This project also reinforced my view of the opportunity and necessity for innovative thinkers to create creative projects that serve communities–something I hope and plan to do for my entire career.

The image of the taiga in the ballads of Leonid Zaval’nyuk

The article is devoted to the study of the ballad genre in the lyrics of the poet Leonid Zaval’nyuk (1930-2010). The study focuses on the analysis of “The Taiga Ballad” and “The Ballad of Melting Snow,” which were included in the collection “Beyond the Receding Horizon” (1956). These ballads open and end the ballad cycle, consisting of five works. The plot of both ballads develops in the artistic space of the taiga, which becomes a place of moral testing for the heroes. Leonid Zaval’nyuk was the first to introduce the image of the taiga into the ballad. The decanonisation of the ballad genre occurs in the 19th century. Leonid Zaval’nyuk’s works not only preserve ballad traditions (third-person narration, appeal to archetypal plots, mixing Christian and pagan beliefs, personification of natural forces, the special role of the season and time of day in the development of the plot), but also the evolution of the genre takes place (refusal of the mystical component, increasing the realism of the narrative, first-person narration). The decanonisation of the ballad genre occurs in the 19th century. Leonid Zaval’nyuk turned to the ballad genre throughout his entire career. The motif of moral testing became one of the leading ones for the poet.

BETWEEN SUMNER AND GALTON: A FURTHER LOOK AT ALBERT GALLOWAY KELLER’S SOCIOLOGY

Largely forgotten today, Albert Galloway Keller was one of the foremost sociologists of his time. A brilliant scholar and a staunch disciple of William Graham Sumner, Keller spent his entire academic career at Yale, first as a student and then as professor of the Science of Society, the chair formerly held by his mentor. The main coordinates of Keller’s sociology are to be found in his major work, Societal Evolution (1915), where he sought to apply Charles Darwin’s mechanism of variation, selection, and transmission to Sumner’s general scheme. Although Keller gave priority to social variables, his evolutionary sociology retained many elements of the typically Progressive Era preoccupations with heredity and the biological quality of individuals. The aim of this paper is to examine in some detail Keller’s views on eugenics and related issues, and to assess whether and to what extent these biologically deterministic elements played a role in his Darwinian approach to institutional change.

Institutes of representative democracy in the scientific heritage of Professor E. I. Kozlova

The article is devoted to the analysis and consolidation of the main conclusions about the legal nature and features of domestic institutions of representative democracy in the works of Professor, Doctor of Law Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova. It is concluded that representative bodies and the will of the people remained the scientific interest of the founder of modern constitutionalism throughout his entire research career. From the point of view of the timeless nature of judgments and law enforcement in current realities, the elements and institutions of representative democracy are analyzed: sessional order of work; meetings as a form of activity; the formation of auxiliary and working bodies, which, in turn, cannot be classified as independent institutions of representative democracy; feedback, reports, preliminary discussions of decisions as a form of communication between deputies and voters; the principle of transparency and detailed legal regulation of activities. Ekaterina Ivanovna’s negative assessment of the rejection of the procedure for constituting representative bodies is supported.

Acceleration and age in soccer

This paper considers how player acceleration changes in soccer relative to age. A plot of average maximum acceleration versus age is produced. The construction of the plot is based on methods from functional data analysis and the availability of tracking data from the 2019 season of the Chinese Super League. For an individual player, we calculate his maximum acceleration for each single match of the 2019 season. Since the players’ maximum accelerations are observed only on a single season instead of their entire careers, we treat them as incomplete functional data, called functional snippets. The average maximum acceleration, i.e., the mean function of the functional snippets rather than full curves is estimated by a local linear smoothing method. The most important observation is that the shape of the acceleration curve closely resembles curves of soccer performance versus age. This observation has implications for predicting future performance since acceleration is more easily and more accurately measured than performance.