Private School Enrollment Research Articles

Nexus between Foreign Remittance and Secondary Level Private School Enrollment in Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis

Nexus between Foreign Remittance and Secondary Level Private School Enrollment in Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis

The Impact of Income on Private Schools in China: A Social Perspective

This study explores the intricate relationship between income and private education in China, focusing on how income levels affect access and quality of education. It analyzes the correlation between household income and private school enrollment rates, shedding light on educational decision-making in a changing societal landscape. Additionally, the research examines whether private education can facilitate upward mobility for lower-income students. The study's insights inform policymakers, educators, parents, and researchers on enhancing educational access, reducing inequality, and maintaining academic standards in the context of increasing private schools. It contributes to the discourse on educational justice amid socioeconomic transformation.

Quality Education for Sustainable Development: A Comparative Study of Public and Private Schools of Pokhara

This paper aims to explore the performance of two distinctly established education institutions, private and public schools and compare the quality of educational services provided by them in the perception of parents. The study has been carried out using the qualitative research design. With the use of relevant secondary data sourced from relevant literature reviews and official reports, the informants like parents, teachers and school administrators from the purposively sampled schools of Pokhara Metropolitan City Ward no. 13 were taken as the sources of primary data. The analysis of the data followed a dual approach. Initially, responses from the participants were systematically organized and quantitatively summarized. Subsequently, thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring themes and patterns within the qualitative data. This comprehensive analysis aimed to derive meaningful insights and an understanding of the research questions. The study has tried to investigate the reasons behind school’s selection by the parents and to assess whether the deviation in enrollment in private and public schools is due to differences in quality between them. Although, Nepal is among the leading countries in South Asia in term of accessibility to education, there are numerous challenges when it comes to quality. It concludes that private and public schools should not be seen as competitors of each other, rather they should be regarded as the supplements as both of provide equal contribution in education sector of the country.

정부당파성에 따른 교육시장화 비교 분석 연구 : 유럽 및 북미 국가의 민간교육 투자와 사립학교 등록 비율을 중심으로

This paper purposed to analyze the marketization of education according to education policy determined by political factors by presenting changes in private education investment and private school enrollment rates in European and North American countries according to government partisanship. As with other policies, it was derived that fundamental changes occur in educational policies because of political factors rather than fragmentary educational considerations.
 Based on the main support of the high-income class, the right-wing party revitalizes the education market. It lowers education regulations to increase the effectiveness of private investment in education. As a result, there is a high possibility that education marketization will intensify. On the contrary, the left-wing party supported by the low-income class tries to reduce the effect of private investment. Rather than segmentation according to the special separation of secondary education, integration and education regulation are strengthened to reorganize the system to lower the marketization of education.
 This article, I looked at education marketization according to government partisanship and analyzed changes in education policy. Regarding education marketization, the ratio of private education expenditure and the ratio of private school student enrollment were used as dependent variables, and the cabinet composition ratio of left-wing and right-wing parties was used as independent variables. Through panel statistical analysis, this article obtained significant results on the changes in education marketization that differ depending on the left and right-wing government partisanship.
 In conclusion, it can be seen that the partisanship of the governments of the left and right has changed the education policies to realize the policies of their constituencies.

The effects of private schooling on pupil achievement: a global systemic analysis

ABSTRACT Globally, the private school share of enrollment increased from about 14 percent in 2000 to about 18 percent in 2019. We estimate the systemic effect of private enrollment share on learning outcomes. Estimates of the systemic effect of private school enrollment capture any competitive effects as well as any differences between public and private schools in raising student outcomes. We use new data from the World Bank on harmonised learning outcomes for mathematics, reading, and science to produce an unbalanced sample of 120 countries from 2000 to 2017. We find that, all else equal, on average, a one percentage point increase in private enrollment is associated with null to at most weakly positive effects on country-level learning outcomes. Countries that increased private school enrollment experience as much or slightly more learning than countries with no change in private school enrollment.

Crude oil cycles and the choice of private vs public school: Evidence from Saudi Arabia

We show how in Saudi Arabia, a country that relies heavily on crude oil exports, negative shocks in crude oil prices significantly impact households’ decisions to invest in education. Our findings reveal that the downturn in the oil market, which began in the second half of 2014, led parents to refrain from sending their children to tuition-based private schools. In some cases, they even withdrew their children from such schools and enrolled them in free public schools, despite perceiving lower education quality in the public sector. The influence of the oil downturn on private school enrollments varied depending on the type of school. In national private schools, which follow the national curriculum, the growth rate of Saudi students decreased from 6 percent prior to the shock to -3.8 percent in the academic year of 2018. Conversely, in international private schools, which offer international curricula and tend to charge higher fees, the growth rate declined from 40 percent before the shock to 23.8 percent in the academic year of 2017. Furthermore, our study reveals that the recovery rate of national private schools, following the rebound in oil prices, exhibited significant variation across cities, genders, and educational levels. This heterogeneity highlights the diverse impact of the oil downturn shock.

Pay for elite private schools or pay for higher housing prices? Evidence from an exogenous policy shock

This study provides the first direct empirical evidence on whether private school lottery enrollment program affects school district house prices and residential sorting behaviors. Although the new lottery enrollment policy for private schools in China aims to promote equal and affordable education, it also introduces uncertainty. We assessed the policy impact using the panel data of residential housing transactions from the largest real estate agent in Chengdu during 2018–2020 and controlling for grid-level demographic and economic variables from mobile Internet data. We found that the lottery-based private school enrollment uncertainty leads to a substantial rise in the value of the key and elite school district house (SDH) prices. The house price premiums of the key SDH and elite SDH increased by 2.8% and 7.8% in the post-policy period, respectively. We also observed a significant intensification of residential sorting behavior within the elite public school districts afterwards. These results suggest that parents pay higher house prices when access to quality private schools becomes uncertain.

“I Went There”: How Parent Experience Shapes School Decisions

As school choice expands, families face an increasingly arduous decision-making process around school enrollment. Through interviews with a socioeconomically and ethno-racially diverse sample of 60 parents in Dallas, Texas, we illustrate one key way families negotiate this choice landscape. We find that many parents use their own educational experiences as first-stage decision rules for narrowing the types of schools they consider for their children through experience-motivated replication and experience-motivated avoidance. Parents with positive schooling experiences sought to replicate the type of school they attended for their children, while parents with negative schooling experiences aimed to avoid the type of school they attended. While experience-motivated replication was used by parents across race and class positions, it was most common among White parents who often entrenched patterns of white flight through replication of private or suburban school enrollment. In contrast, experience-motivated avoidance was used by Black parents in our sample as a strategy to disrupt educational inequality for their children by eliminating traditional public schools, where parents reported feeling underserved as children, from their choice sets. This study adds to our understanding of how families negotiate the increasingly complex school choice landscape, and mechanisms for the persistence of intergenerational educational inequality.

Estimating the Impact on Educational Demand of Divesting in a Private School Voucher Policy: A Study of an Italian Region

ABSTRACT Voucher policies represent a market mechanism to support school choice, with the expected effect of stimulating competition among schools and, in turn, positively benefiting the educational outcomes. As the only Italian region adopting this policy to free private/public school choice, Lombardy is the subject of this study. In particular, we aim at understanding whether the voucher policy still affects private school enrollments, considering its de-financing in 2016. Findings show that this reduction did not impact private enrollments. Reasons could be probably found in the well-rooted motivations behind private school choice and in the low amount of the voucher, which does not cover the full private school enrollment.

Catholic education in Europe, education pluralism, and public funding

According to Church statistics, 6.9 million children were enrolled in Catholic primary and secondary schools in Europe. Enrolment has remained relatively stable over the last 40 years in comparison to other regions of the world, contributing to education pluralism. This may be in part because in many countries, Catholic and private schools benefit from state funding, which helps in reducing out-of-pocket costs for parents to send their children to the schools. At the same time, public funding for private schools, including Catholic schools, often remains below the level of funding for public schools. This paper discusses enrolment trends in Catholic schools over time, compares the level of public funding for private and public schools, and looks at the relationships (or lack thereof) between such funding and enrolment in Catholic and private schools.

The enrolment reform of schools and housing price: Empirical evidence from Shanghai, China

Based on the housing transaction data from Shanghai of China, the Difference-in-Differences (DID) model is taken to evaluate the synchronous enrolment policy which aim to equalize access to public and private schools. The results indicate that the policy increased the housing prices of high-quality public primary school districts by an average of 1.6%. Moreover, the policy has different impacts on housing premium in elite school districts at different levels. The estimated values of the housing premium in top-, second- and third-class key primary schools district were 6.7%, 2.5% and −1.2%, respectively. The policy impacted mainly significantly on small-sized houses. For the houses smaller than 40m2 and 40–60m2, the housing premiums were 2.1% and 1.8% respectively. To eliminate the uncertainty of participating in public school enrolment after the failure of enrolment in private schools, many families gave up the rights to choose private schools and bought houses in high-quality public-school districts with lower enrolment risk. The policy inhibited the families’ zeal for choosing high-quality private schools, but intensified the competition of “school selection by housing” for high-quality public schools. In order to bridge the gap between public schools and private schools, systematic policy adjustments are suggested including “double reduction policy”, “muti-schools district policy”, etc.

Implementation of Learning Continuity Plan in School Management of Private Schools: Basis for Action Plan

The researcher conducted this study to evaluate and explore the difficulties faced by the private school sector in the division of Tarlac Province as a result of the pandemic Covid-19. This pandemic has indeed posed challenges for schools, especially since the government announced and ordered that face-to-face sessions for the 2020-2021 school year would not begin until the COVID-19 vaccine was available. As a result of the economic downturn, there was a significant drop in enrollment in private schools, as parents who could afford the private schools’ exorbitant fees lost their jobs during the pandemic. Furthermore, the abrupt transition in learning and teaching mode imposed significant burden and expectations on school principals, teachers, and students. All private schools in the division of Tarlac Province were asked to comply with all government criteria for the school year 2020-2021 if they wanted to continue teaching and continue to operate. Because of the compliance and quick implementation and strict requirements, the LCP and health procedures imposed additional burdens. Despite the fact that instructions were provided on how private schools can prepare all the requirements for the start of classes, the process of the documentation itself is difficult and must be completed quickly. Finally, the research was to prepare private schools in the event of another disaster, such as a pandemic, by a proposed action plan ensuring that no private schools are forced to close and stop providing quality education to children. Keywords: private school institutions, learning continuity plan, covid-19, compliance

Correction to: Sincerely held beliefs: evidence on how religion in the classroom affects private school enrollments

Correction to: Sincerely held beliefs: evidence on how religion in the classroom affects private school enrollments

Research on the Influencing Factors and Support Degree of Kindergarten Parents for Public and Private Enrollment Policy——Taking Hangzhou as an Example

Today, people’s demand for quality education is growing, and parents place particular importance on the quality of education their children receive, and under the mechanism of early enrolment in private schools, there is a constant “private fever” and “training fever” in the society. In response to this, the Hangzhou government issued the Notice on Simultaneous Enrolment in Public and Private Primary Schools to ease the pressure on public schools. In this paper, we used Apriori algorithm to mine data based on questionnaire data and found that people who are more aware of the policy are generally freelancers, their children are in the first grade and their annual income is between RMB 100,000 and 200,000. We also investigated parents’ support for the policy, using basic family and child characteristics as independent variables and whether they support the policy as the dependent variable, and developed a dichotomous logistic Regression model to fit the probability of parents supporting the policy and made recommendations based on this.

Sincerely held beliefs: evidence on how religion in the classroom affects private school enrollments

Sincerely held beliefs: evidence on how religion in the classroom affects private school enrollments

The trends of educational television and the attitude of students from the point of view of government school teachers

Students are the great wealth of a country and the pillars of its future society. Teachers in educational institutions are engaged in the work of carving, polishing, and turning such student wealth into diamonds. Anything to start with needs a strong foundation. Accordingly, it is the schools that provide a strong foundation for the students by introducing them to the alphabet, writing, numbers, other languages, science, and social sciences. The teachers are engaged in teaching the students in these schools. Students should come to school from home, sit in the classroom, and observe the lessons conducted by the teacher. There is a shortage of teachers in many government schools. Many factors, such as lack of teaching, affected the academic performance of the students. As a result, enrollment in government schools has started declining, and enrollment in private schools has started increasing. In such a situation, the students are going through separate classes called tuitions after observing the lessons in the school for marks. With the development of modern technology today, television media is doing its job of educating students all over the world in one place. In such a situation, students, without a teacher, have to learn lessons from where they are. There should be no dropouts. One should learn on one's own rather than attending individual classes called 'tuition.' In 2019, Education TV was launched in Tamil Nadu with the objective of developing their personality skills. It diligently carried out the task of educating schoolchildren through television. It's still doing it today. During the COVID-19 lockdown, students at private schools learned lessons in online classes. It was education television that helped the government school students who were at home. Students are going back to school and studying after the COVID-19 cases subside. The teachers themselves are now teaching in person. How educational television is in today's context? What subjects are given importance in it? The purpose of this article is to examine, from the point of view of government schoolteachers, what kind of change it has brought about among the students.

Parental Time Poverty, Child Work and School Attendance in Ghana.

This study examines the relationship between parental time poverty, child work, and school attendance in Ghana using data from the sixth and seventh rounds of the Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS6 and GLSS7). Results of the analysis indicate an increasing decline in child enrolment in public schools (from 9% to 6%) among time poor household heads. In addition, parental time poverty increases children’s walking hours to and from school and private school enrolment. We observed heterogeneity of parental time poverty on child work in relation to the location of households and gender disaggregation. Child work and school attendance-reducing effect of parental time poverty is mainly prevalent among male children but mixed for location. Our result is robust to the alternative estimation method of addressing endogeneity and further shows that household income is the primary channel through which time poverty influences child work and school attendance.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12187-022-09926-4 10.1007/s12187-022-09926-4.

Impact of Remittance in Women Education: An Empirical Study

This study aims at exploring the impact of remittance on women's education while employing descriptive cum cross sectional research design. For this purpose, conveniently Raghuganga Rural Municipality, Ward no. 3, (Mauwaphant area), Myagdi District of Gandaki Province and to well represent the universe, 19 households were randomly selected receiving the remittance. Fieldwork method including in-depth interviews, semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion, key informants interview, and case study were the basic tools used in this study for obtaining the primary data which were then analyzed by using simple statistical tools such as tabulation, classification, frequency and percentage. The study argues that remittance raises school enrollment, school completion rate, and private school enrolment and thus improving the educational status of women in general and girls in particular in comparison to the past and have brought the qualitative change in children’s educational status. It concludes that remittance can lift budget constraints, thereby providing children in remittance-receiving households the opportunity to go to school and finally directly benefits the households. Wrapping up, this type of study is pertinent as it would attract public attention in terms of policy that could lead to extensive positive policy initiatives for more detailed discussions and their productive usages for crucial policy concern in Nepal.

Private schooling in sub-Saharan Africa: An egalitarian alternative?

Advocates of 'low-cost' private schooling have consistently maintained that this is an 'egalitarian alternative' to public provision in Africa and Asia. This article presents evidence from recently conducted school and household surveys in 17 countries in sub-Saharan Africa which suggests that this is not the case. In particular, relatively very few children from the poorest households in rural areas enrol in private schools. Given low population densities and continuing high poverty rates, the possibility of any marked scaling up of for-profit private schooling across rural Africa remains remote. While private school enrolment rates among children from the poorest households in urban areas are appreciably higher, they are still under 20% in almost all of these countries.

Private school enrolment and changes in regional voucher policies: Empirical evidence from an Italian regional plan

We estimate the effect of a change in the voucher policy of the most densely populated region in Italy (Lombardy) on private school enrolment at primary, junior and upper secondary educational levels. The policy change has been implemented in 2008 and we observe the potential effects in the short run (i.e., between 2008 and 2012). After controlling for anticipation effects and potential neighborhood influence in school choice policies through a conditional difference-in-differences procedure, we find that the policy change did not affect private school enrolment in the region across all educational levels.