Enhance Life Satisfaction Research Articles

The role of subjective social status in living well for carers of people with dementia: findings from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life programme

We investigated how carers of people with dementia evaluate their standing in their community and wider society, and if this is related to ‘living well’. We used baseline data from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life programme and found that carers rated their standing in society higher than in their local community. Higher evaluations of both were associated with enhanced life satisfaction, well-being and quality of life. Initiatives that increase support or engagement in the community or wider society may help to increase carers’ perceptions of their social status, enhancing their ability to ‘live well’.

RESILIENCE, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG MALAYSIAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

Background and Purpose: Resilience is an essential element of life satisfaction. Individuals with high resilience are normally able to cope with a problem and find its solutions. Resilience is critical in helping students to achieve life satisfaction and good mental health. In addition, social support has been found as one of the good predictors in achieving life satisfaction. However, the underlying mechanism by which resilience is associated with life satisfaction has been under examined. The current study investigates the association between resilience and life satisfaction among Malaysian college students, focusing on social support as a factor mediating this association.
 
 Methodology: A total of 491 students participated in this study. The data were collected using a set of questionnaires. The mediation model was tested using structural equational modelling.
 
 Findings: Results showed that the total effects of resilience on life satisfaction were significant. Furthermore, social support mediated the influence of resilience on life satisfaction. Therefore, improving resilience and enhancing social support may increase Malaysian college students’ satisfaction in life.
 
 Contributions: The present study has implications on enhancing life satisfaction among college students. Finally, the study highlights the importance of social support in the implementation of intervention programmes with the goal of enhancing life satisfaction.
 
 Keywords: Social support, Malaysian, college students, life satisfaction, resilience.
 Cite as: Md Khalid, N. (2021). Resilience, perceived social support, and life satisfaction among Malaysian college students. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(2), 21-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss2pp21-40

The Impact of Volunteer Work on Life Satisfaction of Male and Female Seniors : Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Self-esteem

본 연구는 노인의 자원봉사활동이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향과 자아존중감이 이들 간의 관계를 매개하는 지를 남성과 여성으로 구분하여 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 2019년에 배포한 한국복지패널 13차년도 자료를 사용하였다. 연구대상자는 남성노인 1,316명, 여성노인 2,287명이었으며, 자료분석은 SPSS 25.0을 활용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 남성노인과 여성노인의 자원봉사활동은 생활만족도를 높이는 요인으로 나타났다. 둘째, 남성노인의 자아존중감은 자원봉사활동과 생활만족도 간을 매개하는 것을 검증하였다. 셋째, 여성노인의 자아존중감은 자원봉사활동과 생활만족도 간을 매개하는 것을 검증하였다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 노인의 생활만족도를 향상시킬 수 있는 예측요인으로서 자원봉사활동과 자아존중감을 실증적으로 살펴보았다는 점에서 연구의 의의가 있다. 특히, 자아존중감이라는 매개요인은 노인의 자원봉사활동으로 인한 결과인 동시에 그들의 생활만족도를 높일 수 있는 예측요인으로 작용함을 발견하였다. 이에 본 연구는 남성노인과 여성노인들의 자원봉사활동 참여의 향상과 함께 자아존중감 역량을 강화시켜주는 것을 통해 생활만족도를 높일 수 있는 실천적, 정책적 방안들을 논의하였다.The purpose of this study was to verify the impact of volunteer work on life satisfaction of the elderly and examine how self-esteem mediates their volunteer work and life satisfaction. The study used data from the 13th year of the Korea Welfare Panel, which was distributed in 2019. Subjects of this study were divided into two groups where were 1,316 male and 2,287 female, and the data analysis was used by SPSS 25.0. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, volunteer work was found to be a factor in increasing both male and female groups’ life satisfaction. Second, the self-esteem of male seniors was verified to mediate the relationship between volunteer work and life satisfaction. Third, the self-esteem of female seniors was verified to mediate the relationship between volunteer work and life satisfaction. The practice and policy implications were suggested to enhance life satisfaction of the elderly by improving.

A Study on the Regional Gap Analysis and Management of the Elderly Health in an Aging Society

Korea is ranked as the world's No. 1 country in its aging rate. While the interest and demand for health is rapidly increasing, the health status of the elderly is in the lowest among OECD members. Increased chronic diseases, the burden of medical costs and digital/untact changes of societies after COVID-19 have caused the direction of healthcare to be changed from treatment oriented to health care and prevention oriented, along with increased income levels and a desire for a healthy life. Amid this paradigm of change, the gap in health standards and health inequality for the elderly according to local structure and social conditions affects not only socio-economic but also the quality of life for individual senior citizen. Utilizing prior data of Aging Research Panel Survey, this study aims to compare and analyze health conditions and regional gaps which are significant influences on the satisfaction of the life of the elderly, and to suggest direction of studies for health care to provide solutions for health inequalities. The findings are intended to be a basic data for researching models of the New Normal Smart Healthcare System that bridge the health gap between the elderly and enhance life satisfaction with health care models suitable for regional characteristics in aging society.

Bridging the gap from research to practice for enhanced health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease.

Improving the health status of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) through physical activity (PA) or exercise interventions is challenging. One of the gaps in the process of translating the general public PA activity guidelines as well as the CKD-specific guidelines into routine clinical practice is the lack of systematic recording and monitoring of PA and physical function attributes, which can also be used to develop individualized and measurable plans of action to promote PA for health. We aim to present an overview of key considerations for PA, physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) evaluation in people with CKD, with the aim of encouraging health professionals to integrate assessment of these outcomes in routine practices. Physical inactivity and impaired physical function, sometimes to the extent of physical and social disability levels, and subsequently lower perceived HRQoL, are highly prevalent in this population. Enhanced PA is associated with better physical function that also translates into multiple health benefits. Breaking the vicious circle of inactivity and physical dysfunction as early as possible in the disease trajectory may confer huge benefits and enhanced life satisfaction in the longer term. With this in mind, the importance of PA/exercise interventions in CKD to improve HRQoL is also summarized.

Interpersonal forgiveness and employee life satisfaction: the role of affect at work

PurposeAmidst the new realities of the modern world, a happy and satisfied workforce has become a necessary requirement for organizations to maintain their competitive edge. While most of the available literature revolves around positive organizational behaviour, there is dearth of research on the influence of interpersonal forgiveness on affect and life satisfaction in employees. Keeping this precept in mind, this study aims at bridging this gap in research by developing and testing a mediation model to examine the link between interpersonal forgiveness to affect and life satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consists of 378 employees working in different Indian manufacturing organizations. To test the hypotheses, structural equation modelling was applied.FindingsThe results reveal that interpersonal forgiveness significantly influences life satisfaction and affect partially mediates this relationship in employees.Practical implicationsThe study recommends that organizational development practitioners and human resource professionals focus on forgiveness among co-workers to foster a balanced affect and enhanced life satisfaction by developing and implementing positive psychological interventions and practices. This can help organizations in regulating interpersonal transgressions and conflicts at an early stage and also make the employees happy and satisfied.Originality/valueThis study offers concrete insights into the complicated interplay of affect in the link between interpersonal forgiveness and life satisfaction in the yet underexplored context of Indian organizations.

The Role of Physical Activity and School Physical Education in Enhancing School Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction.

The aim of this study was to understand the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction, according to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) level. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out on 2823 adolescents (1396 boys and 1427 girls), aged between 12 and 16. A specific questionnaire to measure life satisfaction (Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS)), a questionnaire to measure satisfaction with school (“Life circumstances of Young people: School”), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to analyze PA practice. Gender, age, and BMI were used as control variables. In general, the main results showed that school satisfaction had a clear role in life satisfaction. Similarly, the findings allowed us to conclude that the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction was more evident in male school children, those who were older, or those who have a higher BMI. The regular practice of PA enhanced school satisfaction and its role on life satisfaction. Therefore, it is very important to assess the importance of school satisfaction as a determinant of quality of life and the adoption of healthy habits, recognizing the fundamental role of teachers in this regard.

Experience perceptions, memorability and life satisfaction: a test and theory extension in the context of Oktoberfest

Purpose Based on the Oktoberfest context and memory-dominant logic (MDL), the purpose of the study included assessing drivers of the perceptions of experience uniqueness; if these drivers and experience uniqueness perceptions transformed in memorable experiences; and if memorable experiences translated into enhanced life satisfaction. Based on these relationships, a typology and theory extension is provided integrating practical examples. Design/methodology/approach A five-factor model was tested using exploratory structural equation modeling and structural equation modeling; the factors included food and beverage quality; connectedness; experience uniqueness; meaningfulness and memorability; and life satisfaction. Findings Guests connectedness impacted life satisfaction perceptions. Positive perceptions of the experience uniqueness resulted in higher memorability. Food and beverage quality impacted both memorability and life satisfaction. Higher memorability resulted in higher life satisfaction. Attendee nationality impacted the relationship among several of the study’s factors. Research limitations/implications Progress was made on assessing the MDL concepts and translating them into quantitative values. Study results supported the impact of connectedness and product quality on perceptions of Oktoberfest experience uniqueness along with the impact of meaningfulness of the experience on life satisfaction perceptions. The authors acknowledged limitations because of one Oktoberfest beer tent focus and the weaknesses of survey methodology, limiting pre- and post-activity reporting and future investigation of moderating effects. Practical implications The consideration of higher order impacts (i.e. life satisfaction) is needed when delivering experiences and to entice loyalty and social media apostles. Consumers’ experience connectedness with high-quality perceptions and unique service design are likely to translate to memorable experiences, leading to life satisfaction perceptions. The concept of creating the experience “with” the customer appears to be a key aspect of memorability. Originality/value These results tested aspects of MDL and a typology emerged of ideal types as a modified MDL framework driven by two continua: transactional vs experiential quality and experiences designed “to” vs “with” customers.

Work, Leisure, and Life Satisfaction for Employees with Physical Disabilities in South Korea

Empirical studies on work-life balance (WLB) among employees without disabilities are abundant; in contrast, insufficient research exists on WLB and quality of life issues among employees with physical disabilities from Asian countries. This study used a nation-wide survey to examine how job satisfaction, leisure satisfaction, and satisfaction with family relationships, and satisfaction with friend relationships were positively associated with life satisfaction among employees with physical disabilities in South Korea. The results of the study demonstrated that job satisfaction, leisure satisfaction, and family and friend relationships contributed significantly to the life satisfaction of employees with physical disabilities. Job satisfaction and leisure satisfaction were positively correlated (Pearson’s r = .606). Participants who were satisfied with job and leisure were 16.86 times [95% confidence interval (CI): 10.04–28.31)] more likely to be satisfied with their lives compared to those who were not satisfied with either their jobs or leisure activities. Participants satisfied with either their jobs or leisure activities were 4.49 times (OR 4.49, 95% CI: 2.64–7.65) more likely to be satisfied with their lives compared to those not satisfied with either their jobs or leisure activities. These findings suggest that managing a healthy balance between work and leisure may are critical to enhancing life satisfaction among the population with disabilities. Future research should include cross-cultural studies with sub-dimensions of the measurement scales to improve life satisfaction in this population.

The effects of coping strategies and relaxation exercises on anxiety, hopelessness, life satisfaction, and well-being in the elderly people with diabetes: an experimental study

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coping strategies and relaxation exercises on anxiety, hopelessness, life satisfaction, and well-being in elderly people with diabetes.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 participants were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions. In the first condition, the participants were informed about diabetes as well as how to cope with it. In the second condition, the participants were provided with breathing and relaxation exercises, which were accompanied by relaxing music, in addition to informing about diabetes and coping strategies. The control group was only informed about diabetes. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with 3 x 2 last factors repetitive.Results: There was no difference between the conditions in terms of state anxiety, hopelessness and life satisfaction scores (p>0.05), but the difference after the intervention was significant (p0.05). According to the Scheffe test, a) status anxiety score was determined between the first condition and the control group; b) life satisfaction score was significantly different between the first condition and second condition and between the second condition and control group. Significant differences were also found between pre-and post-intervention concerning anxiety, hopelessness and life satisfaction scores. Conclusions: Findings suggest that explaining the methods of coping with diabetes can decrease the level of state anxiety, and the addition of breathing and relaxation exercises can enhance life satisfaction.

The mixed blessing of living together or close by: Parent-child relationship quality and life satisfaction of older adults in China.

BACKGROUNDGeographic proximity between parents and children is increasingly recognized as an alternative measure to coresidence as a gauge for intergenerational support in China. The quality of intergenerational relationships is another important dimension of intergenerational ties that is often underexplored.OBJECTIVEWe examine the association between parent–child proximity and life satisfaction of older adults and how it interacts with the quality of intergenerational relationships, particularly for vulnerable subpopulations.METHODSWe use data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS 2014). We use ordered logit models to predict life satisfaction scores (ranged 1 to 4).RESULTSOur analyses show that parent–child relationship quality is strongly associated with life satisfaction, regardless of living proximity, in our full sample analysis. For those who have a lower-quality relationship with their children, coresidence or close-distance living does not enhance life satisfaction and they indeed have lower life satisfaction than those parents who have all children living farther away but maintain a high-quality relationship with them. At the same time, for those who have a high-quality relationship with their children, we find that close proximity provides added benefits for the subpopulations who are socioeconomically or physically disadvantaged, that is, female, urban, unmarried, and disabled (in terms of being capable of activities of daily living, or ADL) older adults.CONCLUSIONSWe recognize the interdependence of the quality of the intergenerational ties and parent–child proximity in promoting life satisfaction, particularly for subpopulations who are in stronger need of support from adult children.CONTRIBUTIONOur study clearly points to the importance of extending the research on intergenerational relationship beyond the boundary of the household and of paying close attention to the affective dimension of intergenerational ties.

Ageing well in a foreign land: group memberships protect older immigrants’ wellbeing through enabling social support and integration

AbstractDespite the numerous challenges of ageing in a foreign land, many older immigrants are fairly resilient and report experiencing good wellbeing. The key question that the present paper addresses is how this is achieved. Drawing on frameworks from cross-cultural and social identity literatures, the present study proposes and tests a model of serial multiple mediation that identifies possible mechanisms supporting the wellbeing of older immigrants who have resided in the host country for some time. In this model, it is predicted that new group memberships acquired post-migration enable access to social support that in turn provides the basis for perceived integration, which enhances wellbeing. This model was tested in a survey study with 102 older people, whose mean age was 80.3 years and who had migrated to Australia from Asian, European, and Central and South American countries on average 36 years previously. The survey assessed cultural identity, social group memberships acquired post-migration, perceived social support, perceived integration and wellbeing. Results supported the hypothesised model, indicating that joining new heritage culture and wider groups in Australia post-migration provided a platform for social support and integration, which enhanced life satisfaction and reduced loneliness. The implications of these findings for theory and adapting successfully to both migration and ageing are discussed.

An Exploratory Study of the Relative Effects of Various Protective Factors on Depressive Symptoms Among Older People.

Objective: The present study investigated the relative importance of various factors found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms in older adults and assessed the potential moderating effect of sociodemographic characteristics for each factor.Method: Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Psychological, social, and physical health measures relating to the following factors were also administered: personal growth, purpose in life, self-esteem, self-efficacy, social support, self-rated health, life satisfaction, and physical activity. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the most important factors associated with depressive symptoms, and moderation analyses were employed to identify any moderating effects of sociodemographic factors.Results: Life satisfaction, self-esteem, and purpose in life were found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Only one moderating effect was observed—the negative relationship between life satisfaction and depressive symptoms was significantly stronger among the younger respondents.Conclusion: These findings suggest that strategies for the prevention or amelioration of depressive symptoms across subgroups of the senior population could be optimized by focusing on enhancing life satisfaction, self-esteem, and purpose in life.

Mindfulness in primary school children as a route to enhanced life satisfaction, positive outlook and effective emotion regulation

BackgroundMindfulness programmes as a potential avenue of enhancing pupil wellbeing are beginning to show great promise. However, research concerning the effectiveness of mindfulness training for primary aged school children (7–11 years of age) has been neglected.MethodsBuilding on methodological limitations of prior research, this study employed an active controlled design to assess the longer term wellbeing and emotion regulation outcomes after a 6 week mindfulness programme (Living Mindfully Programme, UK), for a group of school children aged between 9 and 10. The programme was delivered by class teachers as part of their normal curriculum entitlement. One hundred and eight children took part from across three schools in North East of England. Participants formed a treatment group (n = 64), active control (n = 19) and wait list control (n = 25). Self-report measures of wellbeing, mindfulness and emotion regulation were collected at pre and post training as well as at 3 months follow up.ResultsReliable findings, judged by medium to large effect sizes across both post intervention, follow-up and between both controls, demonstrated enhancement in a number of domains. Immediately after training and follow up, when compared with the wait list control, children who received mindfulness training showed significant improvements in mindfulness (d = .76 and .77), Positive Outlook (d = .55 and .64) and Life Satisfaction (d = .65 and 0.72). Even when compared to an active control, the effects remained although diminished reflecting the positive impact of the active control condition. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was found between changes in mindfulness and changes in cognitive reappraisal.ConclusionsTaken together, this study provides preliminary evidence that the Living Mindfully Primary Programme is feasibly delivered by school staff, enjoyed by the children and may significantly improve particular components of wellbeing. Importantly, higher levels of mindfulness as a result of training may be related to effective emotional regulatory and cognitive reappraisal strategies.

Influence of social networking sites on life satisfaction among university students: a mediating role of social benefit and social overload

PurposeSocial media experience a rapid rise in recent years and steep into almost every aspect of people's lives by altering their lifestyles and creating an impact on their wellbeing. The purpose of the present study is to examine the influence of SNSs on life satisfaction among university students by first exploring what are the key gratifications which motivates them to engage in SNSs and then focusing on the psychological outcomes including social overload and social benefit from using SNSs that affects life satisfaction among the university students.Design/methodology/approachTheory of social influence and uses and gratifications theory were used in this study to examine the motivations for using SNSs, and the impact of psychological outcomes associated with SNSs usage, i.e. social benefit and social overload on life satisfaction among university students of Pakistan. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data.FindingsThe outcomes indicate that the need for maintaining interpersonal interconnectivity, entertainment value and social enhancement value derives the students' participation in social networking sites through which they encounter social benefit and social overload. The presence of social benefit enhances life satisfaction while social overload results in decreasing life satisfaction of students. Using social networking sites influences life satisfaction in the presence of social overload and social benefit while there is no direct influence of social networking sites on life satisfaction was evidenced.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study investigated the needs that drive the use of social media through the lens of UGT & Social influence approach. The other potential determinants of social media usage intention should be analyzed by employing variables of the other models.In this study social media was examined as a general platform used by the university students of Pakistan. In future researches the driving needs should be examined in the context of specific social networking sites.Practical implicationsThe presented findings embraces the implications for the authorities of higher education institutions and policy makers as it provides the useful insights about student 2019s motivations and participation behavior in SNSs which would help in developing strategies for desirable results.Social implicationsEducational institutions can utilize the research findings by incorporating social media tools in the academic system, student's interaction with their mentors will lead towards enhanced involvement of students and intellectual skills along with upgraded academic performance which will positively influence life satisfaction of the students.Originality/valueThe scarcity of findings was observed in the local environment specifically in the context of SNSs usage and well-being of the higher education students. This study addresses the motivational factors of SNSs usage and their psychological outcomes simultaneously and focused on the investigation of social media usage drivers and its outcomes among the university students of Pakistan.

Adding Life to Years: The Influence of Internet Use and Appearance Management on Life Satisfaction Among the Elderly

With the rapid increase in the aged population, life satisfaction among old people has become a hot topic for both discussion and research. However, the antecedents of old people’s life satisfaction still need to be further excavated. Moreover, although aging of population is the furthest advanced in Japan, the Japanese sample has received relatively little research attention. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing life satisfaction among Japanese elderly. Data are obtained from the Survey of Attitudes among the Elderly toward Daily Life in 2014. With the sample of 3893 elderly Japanese, our findings reveal that Internet use and appearance management helps to add meaning into the elderly’s lives, which in turn contributes to enhanced life satisfaction. Moreover, we find that the positive relationship between appearance management and meaning in life, as well as the mediating effect of meaning in life on the relationship between appearance management and life satisfaction are stronger among elderly females than that of elderly males. Finally, theoretical contributions, practical implications, limitations and future research directions are detailed.

Does good internal communication enhance life satisfaction?

PurposeThe study explored the relationship between the two concepts—internal communication satisfaction (ICS) and life satisfaction. Additionally, the study analyzed the link between eight internal communication dimensions (satisfaction with feedback, satisfaction with communication with immediate superior, satisfaction with horizontal communication, satisfaction with informal communication, satisfaction with information about the organization, satisfaction with communication climate, satisfaction with the quality of communication media and satisfaction with communication in meetings) and life satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachTo exclude the potential impact of contextual factors, we conducted a quantitative field research on a homogeneous sample of 507 respondents, employed in a multinational organization. For the assessment of ICS, we used the Internal Communication Satisfaction Scale (UPZIK), developed by Tkalac Vercic et al. (2009). For the assessment of life satisfaction, we used the satisfaction with life acale (SWLS) developed by Diener et al. (1985).FindingsResults showed a very high, statistically significant correlation between ICS and life satisfaction. All dimensions of ICS are highly correlated with life satisfaction, but this relationship proved to be the strongest between life satisfaction and two dimensions of ICS (satisfaction with informal communication and satisfaction with communication climate).Research limitations/implicationsOur study has three general limitations: (1) the dataset is of cross-sectional nature, which prevents inferring causality between variables; (2) a common source bias is present (ICS and life satisfaction are measured from the same source) and (3) we used self-reports [given the subjective nature and others’ reports of life satisfaction yield weaker but similar results (Erdogan et al., 2012)].Originality/valueWe identified satisfaction with internal communication, as a work domain that has not yet received attention in the management literature, to have an important role in life satisfaction. Among others, we found satisfaction with informal communication and satisfaction with communication climate to be especially relevant ICS dimensions, implying that organizations should primarily cultivate non-formalized dimensions of internal communication—a positive communication environment.

Social recognition matters: Consequences for school participation and life satisfaction among immigrant students

AbstractParticipation in society is instrumental for democracy and of special importance for minority members. Despite broad research in the context of adults' participation, the earlier formative years and the participation of students in school activities have been neglected so far. The present research examined antecedents and consequences of Latin American migrant students' participation in school activities in Chile. More specifically, we tested whether three forms of social recognition experiences (i.e., need‐based care, equality‐based respect and achievement‐based social esteem) received from Chilean society predicted different forms of school participation. Heightened school participation was assumed to further translate into satisfaction with life. Results of a study with immigrant students (N = 393; 12–20 years old; 56.7% female) revealed, that experiences of social esteem predicted an overall positive perception of school participation and this effect further translated into heightened life satisfaction. Moreover, experiences of respect were associated with participation in school decisions and rules and with participation in school events. The latter effect further translated into enhanced life satisfaction. Care did not play a role in predicting school participation when the other forms of recognition were controlled for. We discuss the importance of social recognition experiences and implications for interventions within educational systems.

Determinants of Life Satisfaction of Economic Migrants Coming from Developing Countries to Countries with Very High Human Development: a Systematic Review

Expectations held by economic migrants about improving their post-mobility life satisfaction are not always met. Therefore, there is a need to guide the design of evidence-based policies and interventions to enhance life satisfaction equity between immigrant and host populations in receiving contexts. This study aims to identify the main determinants that impact life satisfaction of economic migrants coming from developing countries and settled in receiving societies that have a very high Human Development Index according to the United Nations Development Programme (Human Development Indices and Indicators, 2018, New York: UNDP). Following a systematic review process using the PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, 30 articles published between 2005 and 2018 were selected. The results indicate that economic migrants’ life satisfaction is facilitated by twelve determinants across three categories: structural integration (access to culturally competent community resources, housing conditions, legal status, and working conditions); social and cultural inclusion (adaptation to the target culture, community engagement, perceived discrimination, and social support network); and individual strengths (financial security, health, linguistic competence, and roots). An integrative conceptual framework of economic migrants’ life satisfaction is provided and implications for research and professional intervention in the field are discussed.

The role of perceived social support and depressive symptoms in the relationship between forgiveness and life satisfaction among older people

Objective Forgiveness carries a different significance for individuals, especially older people. Few studies have focused on the effect of forgiveness on life satisfaction among older people and the mediating role of perceived social support and depressive symptoms. The current study tested the relationship between forgiveness and life satisfaction, and the mediating effects of perceived social support and depressive symptoms in the relationship. Method The sample of the study consisted of 713 older people (>56 years, M=64.89, SD=1.31)were recruited from Jiangsu province in China. Bootstrap estimation of multiple mediation analysis was used to examine the mediating effects of perceived social support and depressive symptoms in the relationship between forgiveness and life satisfaction. Results Forgiveness of others and oneself have positively associated with life satisfaction, and multiple mediation analyses indicated that perceived social support and depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between forgiveness of others and oneself and life satisfaction. Conclusion Forgiveness of others and self is linked with life satisfaction not only through perceived social support but also depressive symptoms. Forgiveness can enhance life satisfaction of older people. It can also enhance the effects of social support on their social relationships and reduce depressive symptoms, which lead to higher life satisfaction.