English Literary Works Research Articles

Nepali English creative writing: historical trajectory and strategies adopted by Nepali English creative writers

ABSTRACT The paper sets out to trace the history of Nepali English creative writing and identify the strategies used by Nepali English creative writers in creating Nepali English literature. The first section of the paper chronicles the historical trajectory of Nepali English creative writing, illustrating Nepali English bilinguals’ increased use of English as an alternative medium of creative expression. The second section of the paper analyzes four contemporary Nepali English literary works in light of bilinguals’ creativity and notions of abrogation and appropriation processes. The analysis revealed the writers’ adoption of four nativizing strategies: leaving cultural references untranslated, cultural references accompanied by explicitation/English translation, hybrid innovations, and syntactic meshing. Through these strategies, the writers inscribed and foregrounded Nepali-specific linguistic and cultural features in their English literary works, resourcing their bi/multilingual creativity. These findings imply further recognition of emerging literatures in English and their use as resources in ESL/EFL pedagogy.

Evaluation of translation quality of English literary works based on big data

Evaluation of translation quality of English literary works based on big data

КОНТЕКСТНЫЙ АССОЦИАТИВНЫЙ ПЕРЕВОД (САТ): НАУЧНОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ И ЕГО РОЛЬ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПЕРЕВОДОВЕДЕНИИ

The article is devoted to the scientific substantiation of the method of “contextual associative translation (CAT)” of homonyms with an emphasis on Uzbek and English literature. The CAT method is an advanced approach to resolving lexical ambiguities, where the key aspect is a deep understanding of the context and associative connections in the text. The article analyzes examples from Uzbek and English literary works, demonstrating how the СAT method allows for accurate interpretation of homonyms, preserving the original semantic and cultural nuances.

Application of Intertextuality in English Literary Works in Senior High School Students‘ English Reading

Reading and appreciating literary works plays an important role in high school English quality education, which plays an important role in cultivating students' reading interest and improving students' reading quality. This article explores the application of intertextuality theory in the English reading practices of senior high school students. Preliminary findings indicate that while some students demonstrate a high level of proficiency in identifying overt intertextual references, others struggle to discern more subtle connections between texts. Moreover, students' interpretations of intertextuality often reflect their individual experiences, interests, and prior knowledge, highlighting the subjective nature of literary analysis. However, exposure to intertextuality theory and instructional strategies aimed at fostering intertextual awareness appear to positively influence students' reading comprehension and critical thinking abilities.

영어교육 위기 상황에서의 융합 영어영문학의 역할

This study aims to offer how English language education based on English literary works (including children's literature) can respond more actively to the current crisis in which 'Korean-style' English language education is heading towards collapse. This study also aims to help English language instructors and scholars themselves understand the pedagogical, ethical, and political aspects of their teaching and research so that learning should be at the heart of all transformative actions against the crisis in the way that English language education can help EFL learners acquire a strong sense of agency, practice critical thinking, and respond to and initiate changes against the crisis. This study 1) critically reflects on the communicative approach that has long dominated our English language teaching and learning; 2) examines the hybridity and non-convergence of the various foreign language teaching and learning principles and methodologies introduced so far and attempts to develop new convergent English language teaching principles, directions, and methodologies with a humanistic approach as the centerpiece; and finally, 3) explores the necessity, importance, and methodology of shifting to content-competence- based English language teaching. It is hoped that these efforts can be integrated to overcome the gap between English language teaching practices and the world outside the classroom, thus helping overcome the current crisis in English language education from within and outside.

Understanding feminist issues by reading Daniyal Mueenuddin’s “In Other Rooms, Other Wonders” in a prose class

The teaching of English literary works in a foreign language context remains a textual-oriented activity. Students were required to comprehend the linguistic and thematic features of the texts. However, more often than not, students were not aware of the real sociocultural, economic, and political conditions from which the text was based because they focused more on understanding the textual contents of the text. In Indonesia where English was still considered as a foreign language, the phenomenon was common. This paper examined the results of a contextual approach given to students when discussing a literary text. The contextual approach was implemented in three stages: pre-reading activities; reading, discussing, and analyzing the text by paying attention to its linguistic features and plot; and connecting the text with real-life situations. The study involved 31 English Literature students at Universitas Negeri Semarang from the third semester. The text discussed was a short story titled “In Other Rooms, Other Wonders” which contained feminist issues. The researchers also used questionnaires and observed the students’ activities during the three stages to enrich the data. The results revealed that the approach helped the students to understand feminist issues more comprehensively. They were able to relate the circumstances depicted in the story with the real sociocultural, economic, and political conditions of the society where the story was based. The results also suggested that the method was effective in developing the students’ literacy skills.

Vliyanie razlichij v predlozheniyah anglijskogo i kitajskogo yazykov na perevod proizvedenij literatury

This article discusses the influence of sentence patterns differences between English and Chinese on the translation of literary works, and analyzes the translation strategies of literary works under the influence of cultural differences between China and the West, with a view to finding more accurate and reliable measures to promote the translation of Chinese and English literary works.

Literature as a Global Theory

This essay discusses the globalization of literature and its political implications, arguing that literature is not timeless or ahistorical but a modern invention deeply rooted in its historical, linguistic, and cultural context.I begin my arguments by pointing out that “literature” is not universal but a specifically European concept. In Japan, for example, the word “bungaku” (文学), which is translated as “literature”, had a different meaning before Soseki encountered English literature. Soseki confessed that he found it challenging to subsume Chinese classics and English literary works under a single definition of literature. This discrepancy between Chinese and English literature, Soseki argued, is because literature is not simply a collection of writings but a specific style of writing associated with modernity. Literature is not self-explanatory but requires a certain level of cultural literacy to understand. Therefore, the globalisation of literature is not simply a process of spreading European literary culture to other parts of the world. Instead, it adapts European literary forms and concepts to different cultural contexts. This process is often fraught with political implications, as it can involve imposing hegemonic cultural values on marginalized cultures. I conclude by arguing that there is no such thing as political literature, but only literary politics. The style of writing as such is the ambiguous process of modernisation. This means that literature is not simply a tool for political propaganda but rather a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that can be used to explore and challenge a wide range of political issues.

The Interpretation of English Literary Works Translation Based on the Translator's Subject

The Interpretation of English Literary Works Translation Based on the Translator's Subject

Romantic Strife: The First Carlist War (1833–1840) in British Fiction

British volunteers fought on both sides of the First Carlist War (1833–1840), the dynastic struggle between the liberal factions that championed Isabella II and the reactionary forces that supported Don Carlos’s claim to the Spanish throne. Despite British intervention, the conflict did not arouse as much interest in Britain as the Peninsular War (1808–1814), but it served as the setting for several English literary works that reconstructed it from different perspectives. These fictional texts include George Ryder’s Los Arcos (1845), Frederick Hardman’s The Student of Salamanca (1845–1846), and Edward Augustus Milman’s The Wayside Cross; or, the Raid of Gomez (1847). This paper analyses these texts focusing on their representations of Spain and the First Carlist War and shows that they mostly ignore British intervention in the conflict and perpetuate the romantic image of Spain that had emerged in Britain during the Peninsular War.

The Problems Connected with Translating Titles of English Literary Works into Georgian

The present paper deals with the problem of translating titles of English literary works into Georgian. It demonstrates the significance of titles and offers classification of their functions, translation methods, and examples of distorting titles by translators; also determines the difficulties connected with translating titles. Different methods, approaches and problems are illustrated by a number of examples from literary translations. Based on the analysis, the factors causing the most difficulties in translation, which are responsible for the most errors and losses, are identified.  Such factors include misinterpretation, as well as oversight of specific features of the target language, polysemy and context, when a translator does not really distort the meaning, but fails to find such equivalents in the target language, which would sound natural and understandable for target readers.  Significant problems revealed by analysis of examples are alliteration, which is not always possible to maintain in translation, and puns, which are considered practically untranslatable.

The New Image of Indian Girl in Sherman Alexie’s The Search Engine

The current paper examines the Native American people's identity, especially the main female character's cultural identity in the short story entitled The Search Engine. Sherman Alexie, the author of the story, is a Native American writer who harnesses the Indian identity as one of the main topics. The identity presented in the main character, Corliss, shows the challenges of the stereotypes of Native American girls. For that reason, the paper aims at exploring the new Indian woman’s cultural identity represented in the main character, Corliss, in the short story The Search Engine. The study applies feminist literary criticism that enables the writers to deeply explore the issue of woman's identity among the American native people. The main character, Corliss, shows the new female image identity, in which she can challenge traditional stereotypes of Native American women. Corliss is represented as a highly literate woman, with a lot of reading on English literary works, and has concern on her Indian-ness, which is often incommensurable to her big family’s views. The main character shows the new female image of an Indian girl evidenced in her excellent literacy and attitude toward Indian and White people. She has new consciousness in seeing the Indian men and women and their relation to White people.

Syntactic Means of Expressing Emotivity (On the Basis of the English Literary Works)

The current study addresses the peculiarities of expressing the linguistic category of emotivity on the basis of the English literary works of the XIX c. and XXI c. written by the female authors. The analysis focuses on the syntactic expressive means, particularly, exclamatory sentences, repetitions and partial constructions. The conducted research suggests that the impact of the latter leads to better perception of an emotionally coloured certain life situation that is depicted by a narrator with the help of the corresponding language means. The authors aim to explore the samples of the syntactic expressive means from the literary works under investigation and to reveal the correlation between the syntactic structure and the emotivity of the text.

Correlation between the Dissemination of Classic English Literary Works and Cultural Cognition in the New Media Era

With the continuous development of new media technology, the spiritual needs of the masses have been greatly satisfied and the aesthetic ability has also been significantly improved compared with the past. From the current point of view, “literary works,” as the spiritual food of contemporary people, are promoting social spirit. The use of natural language processing and knowledge graph technology can improve cultural cognition to promote the dissemination and development of classic English literature, which has become a necessary means of dissemination of classic English literature. Most of the existing classic English literary works are appreciated based on modern literature datasets. Nowadays, with the continuous development of new media technology, there are fewer studies on the dissemination and cultural cognition of classic English literary works. This makes it impossible for readers to obtain cultural cognition from classic English literary works, making it difficult for the dissemination and development of classic English literary works. In view of the above problems, using natural language processing and knowledge graph technology, taking Shakespeare's play “Hamlet” represented by classic English literary works as an example, the research on the construction method of knowledge graph is carried out and the cultural characteristics in literary works are extracted and analyzed. In parsing, a bidirectional gated recurrent unit network model based on hybrid character embedding is proposed. Based on n-gram embedding, by combining pretraining embedding and radical embedding, it can fully consider the rich semantic information in English literature works to extract. Feature: in terms of named entity recognition, based on the existing iterative atrous convolutional network model, an iterative atrous convolutional network model is proposed. To get the best sequence label and get the last labeled entity information, in terms of knowledge graph construction and visual query, a workflow method for building knowledge graph from unstructured text is proposed and a flask-based knowledge graph visual query system is designed, which applies the best model of the above two tasks. We decode the complete “Hamlet” text, extract entities and their semantic links as nodes and relationships in the knowledge graph, store knowledge through the graph database, and finally form a visual query system that combines the front and back end.

“Commendably Industrious” or “very good friends” of the Devil?: How Attitudes Towards the Jesuits Shaped Understandings of China in Early Modern England

Abstract The transmission of knowledge about China to early modern Europe was dominated by the Jesuits, whose mission to China and privileged position in the court of the Ming and Qing emperors enabled them to become Europe’s foremost early Sinologists. However, the Jesuits were deeply controversial in early modern Europe, especially in Protestant England. This article investigates how hostility towards the Jesuits manifested itself in the English reception of texts and information about China. By examining English translations of Jesuit texts, tracts by English intellectuals, and English literary works on China, this article reveals the variety of responses which English authors and printers used in order to deal with the problematical Jesuit origin of early modern knowledge about China. The consistency with which English authors engaged with the Jesuit origins of this knowledge demonstrates the critical importance of attitudes towards the Jesuits in shaping early modern English understandings of China.

Aesthetic characteristics in an English translation of modern art in the context of artificial intelligence

As a new form of art creation and evaluation, artificial intelligence art does challenge many methods and standards of traditional art creation, but artificial intelligence and its extension in the field of art still take "people" as its aesthetic subject. . The current fake intelligence art is an analysis of "computable beauty" based on the certainty of algorithms and materials, which means that the essence of artificial intelligence art is an epistemological aesthetic path, so it does not fail to an essential subversion of humanist aesthetics. Art as an individual experiential form is a vague intentional experience based on social activities. The analysis and understanding of art is often a state of "ineffable speech" constructed by the content of experience, so it is also logical, or the formal language is challenging to reach and replace. Artificial intelligence and its art do not constitute a revolutionary subversion of humanistic aesthetics but only evolve into a deeper version of humanistic aesthetics. Under the background of artificial intelligence, placing modern art in the translation of English literature, translators attach importance to accurately conveying the specific content of English literary works and pursue the ability to display the aesthetic value of modern art so that readers can understand the process of reading. It will produce a pleasant and pleasing reading experience and further perceive the powerful charm of language and literature. In the context of artificial intelligence, this study firstly discusses its relationship with English translation. Secondly, it applies artificial intelligence to translate several excellent modern art literary works and briefly analyzes and researches contemporary art's aesthetic value and artistic characteristics in English translation.

Arthurian Influence in the Lord of the Rings

J.R.R. Tolkien's beloved Lord of the Rings has been considered one of the greatest works of English literature. This work analyzes Tolkien's inspiration and motivation in his writing process by situation middle-earth in the context of postwar England. Evaluation Tolkien's letters reveal his affinity for Arthurian legend, and his desire to reinvent it to create a myth that was distinctly English. A comparison of the two bodies of legend reveals similar Archetypal elements and characterizations that give Tolkien's legendarium credibility and weight. Through Sauron's destruction of middle-earth, Tolkien reveals his concerns for a modern, industrialized England and the consequences of war. In The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien reinvents the legend of Arthur into a synthesis of English national identity and exigency for the future.

Isolating Intensifiers in Verbal Processes Found in English Literary Discourse

Abstract: Isolating intensifiers are regarded as markers of the lexical-grammatical class denoting graduation. This category of language performs up-scaling or down-scaling of isolated and individual item solely so as to convey the level of intensity (Martin & White, 2005). The paper aims at exploring how isolating intensifiers upgrade and downgrade verbal processes found in English literary discourse. The study was conducted using qualitative method and basing on 120 samples extracted from the English literary works namely Wuthering Heights by Bronté, The Man of Property by Galsworthy, The moon and Sixpence by Maugham and Vanity Fair by Thackeray. The findings show that the isolating intensifiers can modify a range of various processes such as Material, Mental, Behaviour and Rational processes so as to raise or lower the degree of intensity for the processes. The study also makes some certain contributions to English learning, teaching as well as language study. 

Learned ignorance: Opposing the scientificising hegemony through Santos, Pope and Hamilton

Abstract A major strand of opposition to the West's/Global North's scientificising hegemony has recently been retrieved through Santos’ reinterpretation of Cusanus’ 15th-century doctrine of learned ignorance. Though Cusanus has been marginalised, his doctrine imbues a profound epistemic humility conducive to our present need to reconfigure education. Contributing to this retrieval, I define learned ignorance as an epistemic principle of humility, adherence to which conduces towards reconditioning learning and teaching as non-finalised, processual activities within a genuinely intercultural pluriverse of knowledges. Agreeing with Santos’ marginalisation thesis and his advocacy of recovering similarly silenced voices from within Western discourse, I argue that learned ignorance in some works of English literature and philosophy has also been marginalised. One of the most famous lines from Pope—‘A little Learningis a dang'rous Thing’—has been widely misunderstood through failing to recognise the poem's learned ignorance elements. My reinterpretation of Pope suggests a possibly more extensive literary form of opposition to the scientificisation of knowledge. I also examine another marginalised, educationally significant retrieval of learned ignorance by Hamilton. His learned ignorance standpoint fundamentally opposes the scientificisation and instrumentalisation of knowledge and learning. The discussion identifies the counterhegemonic status of this epistemic principle of humility and intimates its paradigm-shifting opportunities through some brief closing suggestions concerning how learned ignorance enriches Freire's emphases on the importance of ‘love, humility and faith’ as essential to the ‘horizontal relationship’ between teacher and student of an educational dialogue founded on trust.

A Study of Physical and Figurative Death in Hamlet

Hamlet is the most famous work in English literature. In which, Shakespeare‘s brilliance takes the reader to another level of analyzing literary texts. The themes Shakespeare deals with in Hamlet are not new, but it is the first literary work that tries to explore the nature of death. Through Hamlet‘s character, Shakespeare mentions different views of death. Hamlet is a tragic play that is full of bloodsheds, not only because it tries to define the nature of death, but also there is already the death of social values in Hamlet‘s society. This study aims at analyzing the concept of death for Hamlet taking into consideration the different views and doubts about death. It also analyzes the metaphorical death of social and moral values in Elsinore society. These physical and figurative deaths lead to make Hamlet one of the most tragic works in human history. What the reader concludes at the end of this study is that death is something abstracting, and it is inevitable for everyone. However, only one character survives the bloodbath at the end of the play because of his moral attitude.