English Books Research Articles

The Development of An English Textbook Based on Local Wisdom to Improve the Students’ Literacy

This research aims to develop an English textbook based on local wisdom to improve the students’ literacy. This research used a research and development (R&D) method with an ADDIE model, which consists of five stages, namely, analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects were the MA Almunawwaroh Merauke students for XI class. The research used tests, interviews, and questionnaires to collect the data. The data analysis technique was descriptive statistical analysis. The results of the research showed that the development of English books was in the good or feasible category. As the result of validation, based on assessment from the English lecturer, the content aspect before revision was 31 while after revision was 47, the presentation aspect before revision was 43, and after revision was 67, based language aspect where the stage before revision was 18 and after revision was 31, on the graphical aspect where the stage before revision was 28 and the stage after revision was 38. Based on the assessment of the English teacher, for the content aspect before revision, the score was 29 while the stage after the revision was 45, the presentation aspect where before the revision is 44, and after the revision was 66, on the language aspect where the stage before the revision was 19 and after the revision was 29, on the graphic aspect where the stage before the revision was 25 and the stage after the revision was 33. Furthermore, in the assessment of the principal based on content before revision the results of score is 28 while the stage after revision was 42, in the aspect of presentation before revision the overall score was 36, and after revision gets a score of 65, in the aspect of language where the stage before revision was 18 and after revision 29, in the aspect of graphics where the stage before revision was worth 23 and the stage after revision was worth 32. Before the book was used by all the students. The researchers did a trial by giving tests to students. Furthermore, the trial was conducted on 20 students. The students were given tests to know the students’ literacy after implementing the book. Furthermore, the trial was conducted on 20 students at MA Al-Munawwaroh by giving questions in the book that had been prepared, while the average value of the test results was 76.95.

Improving the Reading Level of Grade 3 Learners Using Contextualized Skill Book in English

The researcher determined eleven grade 3 learners belonged to the struggling level where they got low scores in pre-test of the Functional Literacy Assessment Tool (FLAT) in the first quarter of SY 2022–2023. Nevertheless, with the commitment and dedication of the researcher as a teacher, the researcher decided to develop reading material that suited the learners. Moreover, it aimed to develop a contextualized skill book in English to improve the reading level of grade 3 learners. Accordingly, the study focused on improving the reading level and effectiveness of the contextualized skill book used. Furthermore, learners' reading levels improved after the intervention's implementation. In addition, pre-test and post-test results showed a significant difference, which implies that the intervention is effective. Particularly, as perceived by the learners, the contextualized skill book improved their reading abilities and academic performance in other subjects, consequently their love for reading developed. Finally, the contextualized skill book used showed effectiveness among the respondents, as well as appropriate for struggling learners. Similarly, the skill book was extremely recommended for use by other educators in the improvement of the reading level of their learners. Therefore, the researcher recommended that other researchers develop a contextualized skill book used as an intervention for struggling readers because it proved effective in improving the reading level of learners.

The Corrective Feedback in the Students’ Speaking Ability: A Comparative Study

This study investigated whether extensive and comprehensive oral recasting is more effective than explicit correction. The primary focus was on how feedback affects English language learning. Recasts that are intensive are defined as those that receive feedback on a single topic, whereas extensive feedback is defined as errors on multiple subjects and domains. Four groups of ten students each were formed from forty students from a Senior High School. A general English book called Think 4, a storybook, and an English grammar book called Grammar in Use were the study's instruments. In line with the study's aims, they were given feedback that was either explicit or implicit, thorough or in-depth. In accordance with the study's aims, they were given feedback that was either explicit or implicit, long or brief. The findings showed that there wasn't much of a difference between students who got implicit and explicit feedback. Additionally, it was discovered that every technique had the same effect on students' capacity to communicate.

Effectiveness of English language textbook in developing Oral communicative competence of high school students

This study aimed to evaluate the revised English textbook "Comprehensive English Book One for Class XI" prescribed by the Sindh Textbook Board for its effectiveness in fulfilling the language needs of ESL students in Pakistan, particularly in developing oral communicative competence (OCC) of high school students. Using an interpretivist approach, the research adopted a qualitative method, employing semi-structured interviews with thirty participants-ten teachers and twenty students, purposively selected, along with participant observations. Data from these sources were analyzed using thematic analysis, ensuring validity and reliability through methodological triangulation. The findings indicated that the revised textbook was highly effective in enhancing students' oral communicative competence. However, a major issue identified was the improper classroom implementation of the textbook, undermining its overall effectiveness. The study highlights the need for improved ESL teaching practices in Pakistan, and contributes to existing literature on textbook development. It recommends capacity-building measures for teachers to optimize the use of teaching resources and ensure effective implementation of the revised textbook.

THE REALITY OF MAKING LIBRARY AS A LEARNING RESOURCES FOR STUDENTS IN READING ENGLISH AT SMA NEGERI 1 LAHEWA IN 2023/2024

This study aimed to find out the student's views on the school library as a learning resource for reading English, the involvement of English teachers in making the school library as a learning resource for students to read English and the availability of school library collections can be used as a learning resource for students to read English. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with the research subjects being students, an English teacher, and the head of the library at SMA Negeri 1 Lahewa. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data display, and verification or conclusion. The results showed that students of SMA Negeri 1 Lahewa have not fully utilized the school library as an English learning resource. From the available data, only 37.83% of students have used the library as a learning resource, while the others (62.16%) have not optimally utilized the facility. The main obstacles identified were the inadequate library opening schedule and the limited collection of English books. The involvement of the English teacher in making the school library a learning resource for students in reading English at SMA Negeri 1 Lahewa has played a quiet role, providing explanations about the library, inviting students to visit the library to learn together, sharing knowledge, look for book references for assignments and inviting students to make reading book reports containing summaries of books. Then, the availability of book collections at SMA Negeri 1 Lahewa library did not provide enough for the learning needs of students in reading English. It is supported by students' statements during interviews that most of them found the difficultness to get the appropriate English books.

An In-Depth Analysis of Cohesion Utilization in the English Language: Implications for Effective Communication and Textual Coherence

This study focuses on the link between coherence and the English language notion of cohesiveness. Cohesion is defined as the way in which different elements of a text or speech are linked together to create a unified and integrated whole. The study identifies the challenges in determining the appropriate level of cohesion for a given text and how factors such as audience, purpose, and context can affect cohesion. The aims of the research are to provide learners with a better understanding of cohesion in English and to demonstrate the importance of cohesion in producing clear and effective communication. The paper is divided into three sections: the first section introduces the problem, aims, scope, procedure, and hypothesis; the second section provides a detailed explanation of the definition, general meaning, models, and types of cohesion; and the third section examines lexical and grammatical cohesion in more detail. The theory argues that English language learners typically don't understand the ideas of cohesion and coherence, which leads to poor writing that is illogical and grammatically incorrect. The research methodology involves data collection from English books, analysis, comparison of essays on cohesion, and consultation with instructors of English. Ultimately, this research highlights the importance of cohesion in achieving coherence and producing effective communication in English. The practical study of grammatical cohesion conducted in the English Department of Sawa University's College of Education aimed to assess students' comprehension of linguistic phenomena such as conjunction, ellipsis, references, and substitution. The study involved 54 participants, comprising of 36 females and 18 males, who were presented with 18 different prompts and asked to identify the linguistic phenomenon present in each response. The study's analysis revealed that participants identified these linguistic phenomena differently for each prompt, with some responses predominantly identified as conjunction, while others were predominantly identified as ellipsis or references. These findings provide insight into how individuals interpret and use language and can contribute to the development of linguistic theories and models.

Entelechy and Energy

This article reconsiders Hans Driesch’s vitalism, as articulated in his English book The Science and Philosophy of the Organism, from a novel perspective. The central thesis posits that Driesch’s vitalism was intricately intertwined with contemporary physical sciences, particularly the version of energy physics prevalent in the energetics movement at the turn of the twentieth century. More specifically, based on the conceptual framework provided by energeticists like Wilhelm Ostwald and Georg Helm, Driesch offered an intriguing treatment of the relationship between entelechy and energy within an updated Kantian philosophy of nature. This article reconstructs Driesch’s approach by elucidating four points. First, Driesch asserted that an entelechy strictly adhered to the conservation of energy. Second, he posited that the entelechy was not a form of energy and thus did not constitute a special kind of bio-specific vital energy. Third, he identified the entelechy’s most critical characteristic as its ability to suspend certain physico-chemical changes. Fourth, Driesch suggested that the entelechy influenced mechanical systems in a manner akin to Maxwell’s demon, raising the possibility of contravening the second law of thermodynamics. This article also contextualizes Driesch’s treatment within the broader development of energy physics in the latter half of the nineteenth century. In conclusion, this article offers some critical remarks on the peculiar historical phenomenon of chronic vitalism as identified by Driesch and others.

Representation of Female Gender in English Books A Case of Pakistani English Textbooks

This study offers a comprehensive picture of the gender gaps that persist in our society by demonstrating how gender differences are still prevalent in our educational materials. The goal of the study is to classify gender stereotypes that emerge in textbook content and to investigate how women are portrayed in English textbooks for classes sixth, seventh, and eighth grade that are produced by Sindh Textbook Board. Specifically, the study used Fairclough's three-dimensional critical discourse analysis paradigm to examine the text and images. Various themes pertaining to female representation surfaced. Females were typically linked to household responsibilities, and stereotypes and progressive portrayals of women have both been studied. The language for women or how women are portrayed in textbooks has an impact on the readers of all ages. It influences their thoughts and attitudes about women. Therefore, it is recommended that curriculum developers may evaluate the content before presenting it in published form for the readers.

Tinjauan Kedwibahasaan Buku Cerita Anak ‘The Foos’ dari Pandangan Metode Penerjemahan

Bilingual children's story books in Indonesian and English are now being published in Indonesia, providing them as reading options for mothers, caregivers, storytellers, and the children themselves. This study aims to analyze, identify, describe, and classify the forms of translation methods found in a bilingual children's storybook entitled 'The Foos' by Arleen Amidjaja, as well as to analyze the translation methods applied to determine the success in achieving equivalence of meaning in the target language (TL). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and a documentation method. Employing text analysis, careful reading, and note taking techniques for research constitutes the stages of data collection. Text analysis uses Newmark's translation method theory with data sources from English texts as the source language text (SL) and Indonesian as the TL from the storybook 'The Foos.' The results of the analysis are presented in the form of a comparison of the two languages ​​, along with the results of identifying SL and TL text translation techniques. The interpretation of the identification results is then presented in the form of a descriptive presentation by considering the translation techniques of the identification results. The results of this study indicate that 12 translation method data are oriented to the SL, and eight are oriented to the TL. The translation techniques that are often used are semantic and communicative translation techniques. There are no faithful, adaptation, or idiomatic translation techniques because the children's storybook 'The Foos' does not have proverbial sentences or other foreign language terms. The SL uses simple sentence structures and vocabulary. The translation method that is oriented to the SL with semantic and communicative translation techniques is effective for translating children's storybooks, ensuring that readers understand the content of the stories.

Students’ Perception on the Application of Merdeka Curriculum

This research aimes to find out the perceptions of Senior high school students and their reasons for applying Merdeka Curriculum in English subjects. In completing this qualitative research, the researcher adopted a phenomenological case study approach. Data was collected by distributing questioners to respondents and conducting in-depth interviews with selected students. The data was found by researchers were processed using thematic analysis techniques. This research involved senior high school students from 5 different schools in Medan, North Sumatra, totaling 38 students as respondents. From this study, researchers found five perceptions related to the application of the Merdeka Curriculum in English language subjects, namely a. Merdeka Curriculum provides freedom in learning; b. students are more active and creative, c. concise and simple material; d. energy consumption that is quickly drained or tiring; and e. Merdeka Curriculum is better than Curriculum 2013. In addition, five reasons were found from the students' perceptions, namely a. freedom to choose appropriate learning methods and strategies; b. students do a lot of activities in learning; c. the material in English books is more on points with minimal explanation; d. the assignments given are many and concurrent; and e. The Merdeka Curriculum is more student-centered than the 2013 Curriculum. Furthermore, a detailed explanation related to this will be described in detail in this study.

The Effectiveness Of Using Intens Book (Interactive English Book) Media In Learning English

ABSTRACT This research is generally attempted to find the effectiveness of using INTENS BOOK (Interactive English Book) media in learning English for the class X-AKL-3 students at SMK PGRI 1 Jombang academic year 2022/2023. To know whether this media is effective or not, the researcher used pre-experimental research applied in X-AKL-3 class. The research had been done in six meetings that were designed: first meeting was for pre- test, 4 meetings were for treatments, and the last meeting was for post-test. As the quantitative method, the researcher analyzed the data by using the paired sample t-test. The result showed that there was siginificant difference on the student’s mean score of pre-test’s score was 66,12. Then in post-test, the mean score was 84,12. In other words, INTENS BOOK media is effective in learning English for advance learner, especially for first grade of senior high school students. Key words: Intens Book Media, Learning English ABSTRAK Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektivan penggunaan media INTENS BOOK (Interactive English Book) dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris siswa kelas X-AKL-3 di SMK PGRI 1 Jombang tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Untuk mengetahui efektif atau tidaknya media ini, peneliti menggunakan penelitian pra- eksperimental yang diterapkan di kelas X-AKL-3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam enam pertemuan yang dirancang pertemuan pertama untuk pre-test, empat pertemuan untuk treatment, dan pertemuan terakhir untuk post-test. Sebagai metode kuantitatif, peneliti menganalisis data dengan menggunakan uji-t sampel berpasangan . hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada nilai rata-rata siswa terhadap nilai pre-test sebesar 66,12. Kemudian pada post-test diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 84,12 . Dengan kata lain, media INTENS BOOK efektif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris bagi siswa tingkat lanjut, khususnya untuk siswa kelas satu sekolah menengah atas. Kata kunci: Media Intens Book, Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris

Soft Corners and Sharp Edges: Exploring Inaccurate Geometric Shapes in Children's Picture Books

Given the inaccuracy of children's picture books on shapes published in English, there was a need to analyse Turkish picture books on shapes. In order to carry out the study on the accuracy of Turkish picture books, a rating rubric for English picture books was translated into Turkish. The Traffic Light Rating Rubric rates books as red (explicit inaccuracies), yellow (implicit inaccuracies or missing concepts) and green (correct concepts). As a result of the research, it was found that the findings for the Turkish books were consistent with the previous findings for the English books. In the majority of the books analysed, the geometric shapes were rated as incorrect (red). Given the importance of early mathematical study for long-term success, the Traffic Light Rating Rubric-Turkish Version is intended to provide guidance to book selectors such as librarians, parents and teachers, and ultimately authors and publishers who need to produce texts with the correct form.

An Analysis of Students’ English Book Entitled “Bahasa Inggris” from Character Education’s Point of View

The important of education today is in line with the explosions of technology used by the students. A lot of students now days using web browser such as: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Opera Mini, Internet explorer, and others. Cannot deny that those web browser is concern to have data that cannot be responsibility. Thus, make a student have bad behavior which is they did not really understand about the material then just copied into the assignments which can make student lost their characteristic in education. There are 18 characteristics of education mold in the role of Ministry of Education and culture like: religiosity, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creativity, independence, democracy, curiosity, sense of nationalism, patriotism, achievement orientation, communicative, love and peace, the foundation of reading, environmental awareness, social care, and responsibility. Those character education should be owned by the students while the learning process occur (with using English book to deliver the materials) as their advantages in the future called personality. With the strong character/personality, students are able to catch their dream easily. English textbook plays an important role in building students character education in learning process because it provides relevant materials in each chapter. Farther, the researcher decided to have a study to analyze the existing of English textbook entitled “Bahasa Inggris” for 10th grade of Senior High School in learning process as the implementation of those 18 characters of education in Indonesia.

Echoes of Culture: Relationships of Implicit and Explicit Attitudes With Contemporary English, Historical English, and 53 Non-English Languages

Attitudes are intertwined with culture and language. But to what extent? Emerging perspectives in attitude research suggest that cultural representations in language are more related to implicitly measured (vs. explicitly measured) attitudes, and that such relationships persist across history and diverse languages. We offer a comprehensive test of these ideas by correlating (a) attitudes toward 55 topics (e.g., Rich/Poor, Dogs/Cats, Love/Money) from ~100,000 U.S. English-speaking participants with (b) representations of those same topics in word embeddings from contemporary English text, 200 years of English books, and 53 non-English languages. Strong and robust relationships emerged between representations in contemporary English and implicitly but not explicitly measured attitudes. Moreover, strong correlations with implicitly measured attitudes persisted across 200 years of books, and most non-English languages. Results provide new insights into the nature of implicitly measured attitudes and how they are intertwined with cultural representations that are relatively hidden in patterns of language across time and place.

Prospectuses, Specimens and National Works: Byron and John Hookham Frere

This article analyses Byron’s stylistic conversion of 1817 by examining the transformative impact of John Hookham Frere’s Prospectus and Specimen of an Intended National Work, by William and Robert Whistlecraft , which Byron acknowledged as his ‘immediate model’ for Beppo . Previous studies of this textual relationship have centred on ottava rima and emphasised the underlying influence of Italian burlesque poetry. I highlight other aspects of Frere’s poem, showing how its title page parodies publishers’ marketing devices and how it mixes mock-epic romance with wide-ranging satire of the British book trade. Frere’s narratorial persona ‘Whistlecraft’, a chatty, self-mocking author who reflects playfully on the act of writing and the practicalities of publishing and printing, is part of the satire. Using similar techniques and motifs, Byron takes Frere’s satiric method to a new level of imaginative accomplishment, creating a comic poetry that is both national and international in scope, first in his ‘Venetian story’ Beppo and later in Don Juan .

Theory as time travel: Patomäki, World Statehood and possible futures

ABSTRACT In this review essay, I set explore Heikki Patomäki's seventh sole-authored book in English, World Statehood. I set out the thematic structure and chapter order and then address whether the concept of ‘self-transformative capacity of contexts’ implies a central conflation and what is assumed if one argues that there is a tendential form of civilizational progress. I conclude with discussion of a causal process theory of time.

Nutrition, obesity and their relationship with liver diseases

Introduction: the frequent consumption of foods high in saturated fat content has been associated with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, especially in developed countries. Objective: to conduct a literature review on nutrition and its relationship with obesity and the emergence of liver diseases. Methods: a literature review was conducted in digital libraries such as PubMed, SciELO, and Latindex, meeting inclusion criteria: years between 2019 and 2023, updated dietary guidelines, official documents, scientific articles, and books in English and Spanish. Results: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing condition, being one of the most relevant chronic liver diseases worldwide, especially in adults, school-age children, and adolescents. It has been associated with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, affecting 25-30 % of the adult population, with higher prevalence in countries such as Brazil, Chile, and Colombia in Latin America. NAFLD can lead to serious complications such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Prevention includes lifestyle changes such as a balanced diet and regular physical activity, as well as early identification through nutritional screening tools in medical and nutritional consultations. Conclusion: there is a direct relationship between nutrient type, dietary habits, lifestyle, and the emergence of obesity and its complications in liver functions, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and alterations in the functions of other organs

The Correlation Between Students’ Habit in Watching English Movies and Students’ Listening Skills at English Education Study Program of Baturaja University

The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between students' habits of watching English movies and their listening skills within the English Education Study Program at Baturaja University. This research specifically targets the second-semester students of this program. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data was gathered through questionnaires and tests. The population consisted of all students in the English Education Study Program at Baturaja University, with a sample of 26 students selected through purposive sampling. To collect data on students' movie-watching habits, a questionnaire was employed, while listening skills were assessed using an English book by Jack C. Richards (2010). The Pearson Product Moment correlation was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed a positive correlation between students' habits of watching English movies and their listening skills, as evidenced by a correlation coefficient (rxy) of 0.801. This indicates a very strong relationship, leading to the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and the rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant and strong positive correlation between the students' habits of watching English movies and their listening skills. This study underscores the importance of integrating engaging activities such as movie-watching into language learning curriculums to enhance listening proficiency.

Semantic prosody, semantic transfer and semantic change

Abstract This article investigates semantic prosody in a diachronic perspective. Although prosodies have been shown to change over time, there is no consensus regarding the source of such changes. The present study explores this further through a corpus study of the development of the lemmas fabric, fabricate and fabrication from the late 15th century to the late 20th century, drawing on material from Early English Books Online, the Corpus of Late Modern English Texts and the British National Corpus. The results of the study show that prosodic changes coincide with the emergence of new senses and indicate that these processes are related to and possibly caused by semantic transfer induced by persistent prosodies over time.

Teaching Design and Analysis of the Guided Discovery Method in English Grammar Class in Senior Middle School

English grammar teaching has always been a crucial part of senior middle school English teaching. However, the teaching method in traditional grammar class is relatively single, and the cramming teaching method overemphasizes the teacher-centered teaching mode and ignores the importance of students as the main body of learning in the teaching process of the grammar class, thus resulting in students’ lack of interest in grammar learning and low classroom participation. This teaching design selects Unit 1 from FLTRP senior English Book 2 as the design object, and aims to use the guided discovery method to explore its application and related teaching plan designs in English grammar class. In the end the author makes specific self-evaluation and teaching reflection, hoping to provide certain reference value for English grammar teaching in senior middle school.