Engine Cylinder Block Research Articles

The patterns of changes in the degree of lubrication of the crankshaft bearings of car engines depending on the parameters of the load-speed modes of operation

The practice of operating machines and mechanisms indicates that bearing wear is one of the main reasons for limiting their durability. This especially applies to the sliding bearings of crankshafts of car engines, where the intensity of wear of their working surfaces significantly depends on the properties of the lubricant. An experimental study of the wear resistance of the sliding bearings of the crankshafts of car engines was carried out on the KI-5543 model break-in and braking stand. In experimental studies, BELZONA Super E-Metal insulating material was used to provide electrical isolation of the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft from the cylinder block of the car engine. The experimental dependencies of the values of the criteria characterizing the degree of lubrication of the friction surfaces on the parameters of the load-speed modes (the moment of the applied force and the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft) were obtained. The ranges of values of the investigated parameters, in which the effective operation of the sliding bearings of the crankshaft of car engines is implemented, have been revealed.

E-Nose for Piston Ring and Cylinder Block Condition Detection of Motorcycle Engine Based on MyRIO LabVIEW Programming

This study has created a system capable of identifying the condition of the piston ring and cylinder block of a 4-stroke motorcycle engine using petrol or similar through exhaust emissions. Multisensory gas, sensitive to changes in CO, CO2, NOx, and HC gas elements and compounds, is installed as an input to the exhaust channel and integrated using LabVIEW programming on the NI myRIO module. Multisensory data is processed using the FFT and the backpropagation method to classify whether the piston rings and engine cylinder block are in good or damaged condition. Tests have been carried out on motorbikes with piston rings and engine cylinder blocks that are in good, damaged, or unknown condition. During the test, the target error value for motorcycles with piston rings and engine cylinder blocks in good or damaged condition is less than 1%. The system can distinguish the condition of the piston ring and cylinder block of a motorcycle engine that is 100% optimal and 100% damaged with an error of 0% compared to the compression test method, and the maximum error is 20% Compared to the technician's manual method. Ten motorcycles were randomly tested in unknown conditions; 50% were in good condition, and 50% were damaged. For further development, an electronic nose system can detect engine combustion conditions and damage to cylinder rings and 4-stroke motorbike engine blocks based on exhaust emissions.

An Analysis on the Thermal Flow Characteristics of the Car Exhaust Manifold Geometry

The exhaust manifold is connected to the engine cylinder block and concentrates the exhaust from each cylinder into the exhaust manifold with divergent piping. Research on how the stability and efficiency of the exhaust manifold affects the aftertreatment system of an automobile is actively conducted. Therefore, this article studies to derive the most suitable model for the design of the exhaust manifold of an automobile by analyzing and comparing its pressure distribution, flow distribution, and temperature distribution according to the different shapes of the exhaust manifold. The thermal characteristics were studied and analyzed using FLUENT in ANSYS 2019R3. The results of the analysis are as follows, based on the results of the comparative analysis of the pressure distribution, case 1 shows a low-pressure difference of 200 Pa. In the results of the analysis of the flow rate, the flow rate fluctuations are confirmed in cases 3, 2 and 1 in sequence. Furthermore, when the temperature distribution was analyzed comparatively, it was found that the shape of the car exhaust manifold did not have an effect on the temperature. Therefore, as a result of these findings, the Case 1 model was inferred to be the most suitable model for the design of the exhaust manifold shape of the automobile.

Detection method of water channel defects in engine block based on deep learning

Aiming at the low efficiency of manual detection in the detection of water channel defects of engine cylinder block and the poor generalization ability of traditional machine vision in manual design features, an improved water channel defect detection model of cylinder block based on fast RCNN network is proposed. Restnet50 is selected as the feature extraction network of waterway defects, and feature pyramid network (FPN) is introduced to improve the detection ability of small defects; The anchor box is optimized by k-means++ clustering algorithm to improve the positioning of the target box. Experiments show that the map of the improved network in the engine cylinder block waterway defect data set reaches 88.74%, the accuracy is increased by 4% compared with the original fast RCNN, and the recall rate is increased by 1.67%. The recognition and detection effect in real samples is good, and it can be effectively used for the engine cylinder block waterway defect detection.

Noncontact Defect Detection Method of Automobile Cylinder Block Based on SVM Algorithm

Based on the problems encountered in the gateway system, this article developed the SVM algorithm support vector machine auxiliary system based on the function of the hybrid network gateway to help the gateway dynamically adjust its operating status to ensure the stability of the gateway system and the real-time internal data. This paper studies the noncontact defect detection system of automobile cylinder block on the basis of the SVM algorithm. There are many thin holes in the wall of automobile engine cylinder block, the structure is complex, and the processing is easy to deform. In order to solve the problem of deformation of the automobile engine cylinder block during the milling process, this paper uses a combination of simulation and experiment to analyze the clamping deformation and milling deformation during the machining of the top surface of the automobile cylinder block and proposes the control of the milling deformation profile error measure. Aiming at the problems of backward detection technology, low detection efficiency, and low detection accuracy for the detection of defects on the inner surface of the master cylinder of automobile brakes, this paper uses the machine vision technology to choose the noncontact method of measurement. The use of laser nonultrasonic contact systems is not limited to workpieces having regular shapes, such as planes and cylinders. It is limited to workpieces with regular shapes such as planes and cylinders. In the automotive and other industrial fields, for various curved parts with free-form surfaces, nondestructive testing techniques of laser nonultrasonic contact systems are generally required to find defects. In the research of the noncontact defect detection method of the automobile cylinder block based on the SVM algorithm, this paper hopes that the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the inner surface of the brake cylinder can be improved, and the defect location can be accurately found.

Analysis of engine cylinder block with fins by varying different materials

Aluminium alloy AA 6061 material is used in this study, and the engine cylinder is one of the most important automotive products that is subjected to high-temperature changes and thermal stresses. Fins are placed on the surface of the cylinder to boost the rate of heat transmission, which helps to cool the cylinder down more quickly. It is beneficial to perform thermal analysis on the engine cylinder fins to determine the amount of heat dissipation occurring inside the cylinder. Because increasing the surface area results in an increase in the heat dissipation rate, developing a large complex engine is extremely difficult. By altering the geometry of cylinder fins and analyzing the results with the Ansys workbench, the primary goal of this paper is to understand the thermal properties of cylinder fins. With the help of CREO parametric software, the geometries are transformed into a 3D model, which is then subjected to thermal analysis using the Ansys workbench. It is important to understand how temperature distribution changes over time since it is useful in many applications, such as cooling. The accurate thermal simulation may allow for the identification of important design parameters that will improve the life of the product. In the present work, the three different materials of AA6061, cast iron and AZ31 magnesium alloys were chosen during the simulation of temperature and heat flux distribution on the engine block and were analyzed. The aluminium alloy 6061 utilized in the fabrication of the cylinder fin body has a thermal conductivity of 160 – 170 W/mk which showed good performance and it is recommended in the construction of the cylinder fin body.

Heat Transfer Performance of Cylinder Block with Fin for Perforated Fins and Various Materials

In the IC engine, the combustion takes place in the engine cylinder block from the mixing of air-fuel. And after burning of air-fuel in cylinder block the temperature distribution takes place and this process goes continuously. The heat transfer depends upon the velocity of the air, ambient temperature, the geometry of the fin, and the surface of the fin. Throughout most cases, the design of the system restricts heat transfer across fins. The principle of convection and conduction is utilised to cool various structures through fins. Numerical simulations are carried out for two different fin materials: AL 2014 T6 and AL6061 T6. The heat transfer effect may be varied by changing geometry and changing material for different thermal conductivities, using perforations on the fin.The maximum temperature drop is 25.87 0C with holes and maximum total Heat flux is 440.11 w/m2.The design of the model is done in CATIA V5 software and thermal analysis is done in ANSYS R19.

Review on Methodologies Used for Knocking Detection and Intensity Evaluation in Internal Combustion Engines

Abstract: Extracting the knocks characteristics is the key of ignition control in auto-ignition compression engines, especially those severely suffered from abnormal consumption in the engine chamber. Most of the advanced detecting methods of knocking are generally related to the two main variables, including engine cylinder pressure signals and the engine cylinder block vibration signals, commonly measured using piezoelectric accelerometer sensors. Being familiar with different approaches capable of determining the engine knocking occurrence probability as well as providing suitable methods for knock intensity evaluation is significantly helpful to propose a comprehensive predicting model for measuring the level of oscillation pressure waves frequencies originated by the knocks. Following by predicting the knock intensity and extracting the knock feature, optimizing the engine operation in terms of fuel consumption, thermal efficiencies, and lifetime duration would be possible. For this aim, the current paper is addressed with overviewing upon the researches performed in the regard of developing high accurate models and optimized knock detection approaches. Keywords: auto-ignition, Internal combustion engine, Knocking detection approach, Knock intensity evaluation.

Matching and Planning of Machining Process Based on Similarity Principles

In order to meet the requirements of intelligent and digital process planning, a similarity-based process planning method is studied. Firstly, the characteristics of part machining features and machining process are analyzed, and the representation and retrieval model of part feature cases is established; Secondly, the principle of process combination based on factory and parallel principle is put forward, and the clustering hierarchy method is used to combine the processes, and the process elements in the process family are sorted and combined to generate the part process. The feasibility of this method is verified by an example, which can realize the digital design of machining process for complex parts such as engine cylinder block and cylinder head, thereby realize high-precision flexible machining.

A Novel Multiple Feature-Based Engine Knock Detection System using Sparse Bayesian Extreme Learning Machine

Automotive engine knock is an abnormal combustion phenomenon that affects engine performance and lifetime expectancy, but it is difficult to detect. Collecting engine vibration signals from an engine cylinder block is an effective way to detect engine knock. This paper proposes an intelligent engine knock detection system based on engine vibration signals. First, filtered signals are obtained by utilizing variational mode decomposition (VMD), which decomposes the original time domain signals into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Moreover, the values of the balancing parameter and the number of IMF modes are optimized using genetic algorithm (GA). IMFs with sample entropy higher than the mean are then selected as sensitive subcomponents for signal reconstruction and subsequently removed. A multiple feature learning approach that considers time domain statistical analysis (TDSA), multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) and alpha stable distribution (ASD) simultaneously, is utilized to extract features from the denoised signals. Finally, the extracted features are trained by sparse Bayesian extreme learning machine (SBELM) to overcome the sensitivity of hyperparameters in conventional machine learning algorithms. A test rig is designed to collect the raw engine data. Compared with other technology combinations, the optimal scheme from signal processing to feature classification is obtained, and the classification accuracy of the proposed integrated engine knock detection method can achieve 98.27%. We successfully propose and test a universal intelligence solution for the detection task.

Analytical study regarding topological optimisation of an internal combustion engine cylinder block

The continuous rush for development has led the world of automotive engineering to progress that seemed unimaginable just a few years ago. This research paper examined the impact of a topological optimisation of an internal combustion engine block. Starting with the initial conditions, a constraint and load case scenario was established, after which a FEA simulation was conducted to set the reference values. In the last part of the research paper, test results are head-to-head compared to determine and quantify the improvements. This study aims to reduce the volume of the optimised part and increase its overall rigidity. The topology optimisation process represents a good solution for “what if” scenarios. By varying optimisation constraints, the designers can quickly check if the mass reduction of the analysed part is worth the changes.

Analysis of Engine Cylinder to Optimize Heat Transfer by Varying Fin Geometry

Solar energy is one of the most promising energy sources for human survival and sustainability. We can solve problems like global warming with a clean energy source like solar energy. The main objective of the study is to analyze the rate of change of heat transfer in conventional cylindrical block comparative to the proposed design of cylindrical block by varying fin geometry. And to optimize the rate of transfer of heat by providing inter cooling arrangement in the cylindrical block in the proposed geometry. the proposed design of engine cylinder block using aluminum alloy for inter-cooling arrangements has better performance and heat dissipation from the heating zone in the IC engine that is why this present work more concentrate on it and also proposed.

A novel objective oriented methodology for marine engine–turbocharger matching

The matching of the turbocharging system with a marine engine is an essential undertaking due to the turbocharger effects on the engine performance, emissions and response, whilst the limited data availability during the ship design phase renders it challenging. This study aims at developing a novel methodology for the matching of a single turbocharger and multiple turbochargers connected in parallel with marine engines. This methodology employs a compressor parametric modelling tool and a zero-dimensional engine model, whilst taking into account the engine operational profile and the turbocharger components flow limitations. The compressor parametric tool is used for the generation of a database with compressor families that can be investigated during the matching procedure. The model of one engine cylinder block is used for mapping the engine performance parameters at a wide engine operating envelope by developing response surfaces. The developed methodology is implemented for the case study of the turbocharger matching with the propulsion engine of an Aframax tanker. The annual fuel consumption and the engine load diagram upper limit are employed as the main objectives for the selection the turbocharging system. The derived results demonstrate that the effective turbocharger matching results in reducing the engine brake specific fuel consumption up to 5%. The identified turbochargers led to the reduction of the ship annual fuel consumption in the range 1.3%–5.3% compared to the reference engine, whilst providing a more expanded load diagram. This study overcomes the limitations of the manual engine turbocharger–matching process providing decision support on the effective turbocharger matching to satisfy contradictory objectives.

Thermal Analysis of IC Engine

Calculating the heat transfer rate of the engine is very difficult due to the complex geometry design of the engine and the periodic flow of air and fuel during engine operation for full cycles. Various theories hypothesize that about 25% of the energy contained in the fuel is converted into useful work and the remaining 75% is released into the environment by the engine. The main objective of the present work is to improve the heat transfer rate of existing constructions of the engine cylinder block by modifying its construction and also with new materials. To this end, two CAD models were created using CATIA software, then a transient thermal analysis with ANSYS at ambient temperature for the summer season of 45oC for the real one and the proposed internal combustion engine design was performed one after the other. Other to optimize the geometric parameters and improve the heat transfer rate. From the results of the transient thermal analysis, it was found that the proposed engine cylinder block design has better performance and heat transfer rates than the actual engine cylinder block design.

Fuzzy Analysis of Resonance Frequencies for Structural Inspection of an Engine Cylinder Block

Summary: A new inspection technique for complex mechanical structures is proposed in this paper, where a fuzzy inference system carries out structural inspection. The inputs to the fuzzy inference system are the elements of a fault signature, an array of numbers prepared with use of below 5 kHz resonance frequencies of faultless and a number of faulty specimens. Advantage: Below 5 kHz resonance frequencies are easier and less expensive to obtain compared to higher frequency ones. Limit: Due to high expenses of experiments, reliable finite element models were alternatively used to obtain resonance frequencies of the faulty specimens. Results: The developed fuzzy inference system in this research accurately located an under-surface fault in an engine cylinder block.

Variation management of key control characteristics in multistage machining processes considering quality-cost equilibrium

In multistage machining processes (MMPs), variations from key control characteristics (KCCs) continue to propagate and eventually accumulate to deviations in key product characteristics (KPCs). Therefore, the variation control of KCCs is significant to ensure the final product quality. In this paper, a variation management framework for KCCs in MMPs is established to address this issue. The new concept of variation management consists of process-oriented tolerancing and maintenance planning, and the optimal variation management strategy for each KCC is assigned based on its impact to the manufacturing system. The proposed framework deduces corresponding KCC variation distributions for previously unresearched locating schemes, thereby expanding the application scenarios of this method. For the quality specification constraints, geometric tolerances are integrated for the first time beside traditional dimensional tolerances, which expand the error scale of quality control. The modified Chebyshev goal programming (MCGP) approach is adopted to find the equilibrium point between quality and cost effectively. The superiority of the proposed method is verified by a case study of an automotive engine cylinder block MMP. The results show a remarkable improvement on the manufacturing system performance in terms of quality and cost.

Design of Intelligent Detection System for Diesel Engine Main Oil Duct Hole Based on S7-300 Control

The main oil channel of diesel engine cylinder block is the channel of lubricating oil, Whether they are smooth directly affects the working performance of diesel engine. This paper designs an intelligent detection system with programmable controller S7-300 as the control core, which mainly uses programmable control technology, photoelectric sensor technology and touch screen technology to complete the detection of cylinder main oil channel hole. The detection time is controlled within 38 s. This paper introduces the system composition and circuit working principle of detection system, and expounds the design scheme of PLC control system with S7-300 as the core. The design improves the detection speed, eliminates the missed inspection and false inspection, and provides the basic guarantee for the diesel engine to serve industry and agriculture efficiently.

Constitutive equation of compacted graphite iron (GJV450) at high temperature and high strain rate

Compacted graphite iron (CGI) is an ideal material for the cylinder block and cylinder head of diesel engine because of its excellent physical and mechanical properties. At present, the researches on CGI mainly focused on experimental study of machining CGI, there are few studies on the cutting simulation of CGI, especially the high-speed machining simulation of CGI, and the constitutive equation of CGI at high temperature and high strain rate has not been studied. In this paper, the stress-strain relationship under quasi-static condition was obtained by quasi-static tensile test, and the power law constitutive equation of CGI with a grade of GJV450 under the condition of large strain, high strain rate, and high temperature was built by orthogonal cutting experiments and finite element iteration. The established power law constitutive equation was applied to the finite element simulation of the cutting process of CGI, which improves the accuracy of finite element analysis. The chip morphology of CGI and the distribution of plastic strain and temperature in the cutting process were analyzed by finite element simulation.

Lamet formulas applicability in the conditions of specialized repair enterprises of the agriculture-industrial complex

The basis of automotive equipment used in agricultural enterprises are tractors, cars and self-propelled combines. They are equipped with internal combustion engines, the design feature of which is the presence of replaceable, so-called “wet” cylinder liners. Nevertheless, engines with an integral cylinder block design have also found applications at the enterprises of the agriculture-industrial complex. It is important to develop a mathematical model that allows calculating the force of pressing the sleeve into the block, while designing the technological process of cylinder block linings for such engines. Regarding this, the Department of energy resources and technical services in Vologda State Dairy Academy Named after N. V. Vereshchagin conducted an experiment, which is based on force measurement for press fitting the sleeve into the engine block and comparison of the measurement results with the results of theoretical calculations according to Lamet formulas. Relying on the results of the experiment, the method (Lamet formula) is deemed to be applicable to determine the force of pressing the sleeve into the engine cylinder block with optimal tension, which is valid for thick-walled cylinders.

Application of the Headstock of CNC Boring Machine for Tractor Engine Cylinder Block Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm

HighlightsThe headstock of the single-sided horizontal CNC boring machine specializing in processing tractor 6-cylinder engine cylinders is optimized.The constraint conditions such as tooth width and modulus are constructed. The model is optimized by the NSGA algorithm, and the optimization results are good.The optimization results of the NSGA algorithm are compared with the results of the weighted sum method and the GA, which highlights the superiority of the NSGA algorithm.ABSTRACT. The tractor is one of the most frequently used equipment in agricultural production, and its mass production is the general trend. With the continuous advancement of the global industrialization process, the importance of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine in the entire industrial production has become more and more prominent, and the application of CNC machine in tractor manufacturing has greatly improved production efficiency. This article takes the headstock of a single-sided horizontal CNC boring machine dedicated to processing tractor 6-cylinder engine cylinders as the research objective, takes the key parameters of the gear train in the headstock as the optimization design variables, constructs constraints, such as modulus, tooth width, etc., establishes a multi-objective optimization mathematical model, uses the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) to process the model and obtains the Pareto solution set through multiple iterations. The optimization results show that the volume, center distance and the reciprocal of coincidence degree of the main shaft 1 transmission group are reduced in varying degrees. Finally, it is compared with the weighted sum method and genetic algorithm (GA) to highlight the superiority of NSGA-II. Keywords: Headstock, Multi-optimization, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, Tractor cylinder.