Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Training Research Articles

Three-dimensional computer-aided endoscopic sinus surgery.

Three-dimensional computer-aided surgery adds a 'third-dimension' to endoscopic sinus surgery. The images it provides have the potential to provide the surgeon with further information that might result in safer and more effective surgery with less surgical morbidity. The gold test, as yet untested, will be whether the technique leads to fewer revision procedures and complications as a result of more complete and safe initial surgery. Its greatest asset lies in reinforcing the surgeons' estimate of an instrument's position in a difficult anatomical area. It can augment the learning curve and enhance teaching and training in endoscopic sinus surgery but it is not a substitute for a thorough knowledge of paranasal sinus anatomy.

内視鏡下鼻内手術トレーニングシステムによる手術スキル評価手法

内視鏡下鼻内手術トレーニングシステムによる手術スキル評価手法

A COMPUTER GENERATED INTERACTIVE TRANSURETHRAL PROSTATIC RESECTION SIMULATOR

We developed a computer generated model of the prostate gland and an interactive simulator for use in training urologists in transurethral resection of the prostate. Software was developed on a standard personal computer which allowed images of the lumen of the prostatic urethra and resectoscope loop to be generated and interacted with using a magnetic position sensor input device attached to a dummy resectoscope. An anatomically accurate computer model of the prostate was generated at low cost which permitted user interaction and which simulated key elements of transurethral prostatic resection. Although not a substitute for learning transurethral prostatic resection on patients, the simulator enabled the user to become familiar with the technique of transurethral prostatic resection in the absence of time constraints and without risk to patients. The simulator may become an important tool in training and assessing surgeon competency, and may reduce the costs of training. Further development is needed to refine the transurethral prostatic resection simulator and expand its surgical range.

An animal model for training in endoscopic nasal and sinus surgery.

An animal model has been devised to allow trainees in nasal and sinus endoscopy to develop basic instrument handling and psychomotor skills, without risk to patients. The sheep's head obtained from the abattoir was modified slightly to simulate more closely the human situation. The model permits nasendoscopy, foreign body removal, septoplasty, turbinate reduction, frontal and maxillary sinoscopy, antrostomy and an epistaxis exercise. To date the tissues have been used freshly thawed, and must be used on the day of preparation.