Endorsement Of Products Research Articles

Measuring batting parameters in cricket: A two-stage regression-OWA method

The selection of cricket players by team selectors and sponsors for endorsement of products is primarily dependent on the performance of players in terms of various parameters in their areas of expertise such as batting or bowling. This paper proposes a two-stage method for measuring and ranking batting parameters in cricket using ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and regression. The first stage measures the performance of batsmen using OWA operator followed by ranking of batting parameters using regression. The study reveals that the ranking obtained for batting parameters is not sensitive to changes in the OWA weights. A real dataset of 40 batsmen from Indian Premier League 2011 is considered for analysis purpose. Although this paper focuses only on the batting discipline the results from this paper can be extended to investigate bowling discipline using multiple parameters. These results can be implemented to enhance the quality of decision making.

A social epidemiological study on HIV/AIDS in a village of Henan Province, China

The HIV/AIDS epidemic caused by commercial blood donation in rural Henan Province of China in the early- to mid-1990s is the largest known cohort in the world related to blood donation but is not fully described. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemic, epidemiology, and social epidemiology of commercial blood donation and HIV/AIDS. Both qualitative and quantitative mixed methods were used. A village was randomly selected from the 38 key HIV/AIDS pandemic villages in Henan Province. “Demographic Data Form” was applied to collect demographic information of each resident. Focus groups were held for the managers, some residents, members of “HIV/AIDS Work-Team” (organized by the Henan Provincial Government) in the village. Every village physician, people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), school header, and other stakeholders were interviewed individually. The social epidemiology of HIV/AIDS was analyzed under three perspectives of the framework: individual, social, and structural perspectives. In this village, there were 2335 residents, 484 (20.3%) were former donors, 107 (4.6%) were PLWHA, and 96.3% of PLWHA were infected through commercial blood donation. Individually, low education and plasma donation were the risky factors of HIV/AIDS infection. Socially, the epidemic was geography-, kinship-, and conformity-related. Structurally, the related macrostructure factor was policy endorsement of national blood products. The microstructure factors were poverty and value belief on male child in passing down generations. It is concluded that commercial blood donation and HIV/AIDS epidemic in the village are symbiotically related. The epidemic is temporary and socially determined.

User Interfaces in the OR

AORN JournalVolume 95, Issue 4 p. 526-528 Column User Interfaces in the OR Zac Wiggy BA, Zac Wiggy BASearch for more papers by this author Zac Wiggy BA, Zac Wiggy BASearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 March 2012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2012.01.017 Editor's note: Kinect is a trademark and Xbox 360 is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA. Publication of this article does not imply AORN endorsement of specific products. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume95, Issue4April 2012Pages 526-528 RelatedInformation

Electronic Health Records: What Nurses Need to Know

AORN JournalVolume 93, Issue 3 p. 371-379 Column Electronic Health Records: What Nurses Need to Know Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 February 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2010.12.019Citations: 3 Editor's note: SNOMED CT is a registered trademark of the International Health Terminology Development Organisation, Denmark. AORN SYNTEGRITY is a trademark of AORN, Inc, Denver, CO. Publication of this article does not imply AORN endorsement of specific products or services. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume93, Issue3March 2011Pages 371-379 RelatedInformation

Implementing Safe Computer Practices

AORN JournalVolume 93, Issue 2 p. 276-281 Column Implementing Safe Computer Practices Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 February 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2010.11.005Citations: 1 Editor's notes: TopTenReviews is a trademark of TopTenReviews, Inc, Ogden, UT. BitDefender is a trademark of SOFTWIN SRL, Bucharest, Romania. Kapersky is a registered trademark of Kapersky Lab, Ltd, Woburn, MA. Webroot is a trademark of Webroot Software, Inc, Boulder, CO. Norton is a trademark of Symantec Corp, Mountain View, CA. ESET is a registered trademark and Nod32 is a trademark of ESET, LLC, San Diego, CA. AVG is a registered trademark of AVG Technologies, Brno, Czech Republic. G Data is a registered trademark of G Data Software, Bochum, Germany. Avira and AntiVir are registered trademarks of Avira GmbH, Tettnang, Germany. Vipre is a registered trademark of Sunbelt Software, Clearwater, FL. Trend Micro and Titanium are trademarks of Trend Micro, Inc, Cupertino, CA. Outlook, Windows, and Internet Explorer are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA. Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Santa Clara, CA. Adobe is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Inc, Seattle, WA. Yahoo! is a registered trademark of Yahoo! Inc, Sunnyvale, CA. Gmail is a trademark of Google, Inc, Mountain View, CA. Firefox is a registered trademark of Mozilla Foundation, Mountain View, CA. Publication of this article does not imply AORN endorsement of specific products. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume93, Issue2February 2011Pages 276-281 RelatedInformation

Consumer Speech and the Constitutional Limits of FTC Regulations of New Media

This Note discusses the recent debate that has been flourishing throughout the blogosphere, relating to the FTC’s recent clarification that its “Endorsement” disclosure requirements must be followed, even when the endorser is writing on an internet website, such as a blog or as a Facebook post. The endorsement requirement states that an individual who endorses a product—regardless of whether the circumstances involve commercial or non-commercial speech—must disclose any substantial benefit that he has received from the endorsee. In other words, as the Note explains, a “tech-blogger” who receives a product for free from the manufacturer, for the purposes of his use and evaluation on his blog, must disclose the receipt of such a benefit at the time that the endorsement is made. The problem with this action by the FTC is that it possibly encroaches on the protected right of freedom of speech, as secured by the First Amendment to the Constitution. The FTC countered the outcry by assuring the internet community that it planned to use its enforcement procedures scarcely, and only in the appropriate situations—i.e., where the circumstances indicate that the action taken by the internet endorser falls within a clearly enumerated exception to the First Amendment, such as commercial activity. But many argued that selective enforcement, as the FTC is intending to employ, as well as the sheer over breadth of the actual regulation, are problems that are, in themselves, unconstitutional. The Note reviews the FTC’s own explanations of the circumstances under which its endorsement disclosure requirements are applicable, and then proceeds to determine which test is applicable to this regulation. After determining that the “strict scrutiny” constitutional analysis is applicable—which is the test that is used whenever a governmental actor intends to restrict a Constitutionally protected interest from its citizens, which freedom of speech most certainly is—the author concludes that, under this test, the regulation would fail constitutional scrutiny, as it could be applied in circumstances not involving commercial activity. Finally, the Note proposes an alternative under which the FTC could achieve its stated objectives, while not running afoul of the Constitution. The author argues that this could be achieved if three steps are followed: (1) The FTC should limit the scope of its regulation to cover only commercial speech; (2) the regulation should only mandate disclosure of information if the endorser is economically motivated to endorse the product or service; and (3) employers should not be required to monitor the internet activities of their employees to ensure compliance (i.e., they should not be held liable for the transgression of the regulation by one of its employees, unless they are aware of it). With these recommendations being followed, the FTC could successfully regulate commercial endorsement of products, thereby ensuring that the average consumer is not swayed by an endorsement made by someone whose opinion may have been biased based on the benefit he received by the owner of the endorsed product.

Using Smartphone Applications in Perioperative Practice

AORN JournalVolume 92, Issue 5 p. 503-508 Column Using Smartphone Applications in Perioperative Practice Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 October 2010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2010.09.001Citations: 11 Editor's note: iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad are trademarks of Apple, Inc, Cupertino, CA. BlackBerry is a trademark of RIM, Ltd, Waterloo, Ontario. Droid is a trademark of Lucasfilm, Ltd, San Francisco, CA. Epocrates is a registered trademark of Epocrates, Inc, San Mateo, CA. Palm is a trademark of Palm, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA. Android is a trademark of Google Inc, Mountain View, CA. Windows Mobile and Pocket PC are trademarks of Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA. PEPID is a trademark of PEPID LLC, Evanston, IL. NCLEX is a registered trademark of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Chicago, IL. AirStrip OB, AirStrip Critical Care, AirStrip Cardiology, AirStrip Imaging, and AirStrip Laboratory are trademarks of AirStrip Technologies, San Antonio, TX. Voalté is a registered trademark of Voalte, Inc, Sarasota, FL. LoJack is a trademark of LoJack Corporation, Westwood, MA. Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth Special Interest Group, Inc, Kirkland, WA. Publication of this article does not imply AORN endorsement of specific products. Prices cited in this article were applicable at the time this article was written. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume92, Issue5November 2010Pages 503-508 RelatedInformation

Is Nationality Important? A New Perspective on the Relationship between Celebrity Endorsement and Advertising Effects

The Chinese market has become a focus of global competition.Many foreign firms seek local celebrities to endorse products or brands in order to enhance brand power and competitiveness in the market.In contrast,some Chinese firms turn to foreign celebrity endorsement to increase the firm's image and prestige.Interesting questions emerge from this market change:do advertising effects of celebrity endorsement vary according to the nationality of the celebrity endorser (Chinese versus foreign)? Does the fit between endorser nationality and product nationality moderate advertising effects? Do consumers perceive differences regarding attractiveness,expertise and trustworthiness of celebrities of different nationalities (Chinese versus foreign) in regard to endorsement of products with foreign symbols and products with Chinese symbols? These questions attract great interest from both academics and practitioners.Stimuli based on the extant literature were confirmed using focus groups and finally a pilot test.For ease of comparison,we chose products that have national symbols (Chinese vs.foreign) and functional characters.We selected celebrity endorsers from KU Ma online surveys and star ranking charts on popular websites in China.Ten celebrities comprising a mixture of Chinese males,Chinese females,foreign males and foreign females were initially selected.These candidates were then rated for general appeal on 7-point Likert scales;the highest scorers were finally selected to be celebrities examined in this study.This study adopted an experimental design approach,using 3 national product symbols (Chinese symbols,foreign symbols,no distinctive symbols) × 2 product types (utility,entertainment) × 2 celebrity types (Chinese,foreign).Twelve sets of questionnaires incorporating 7-point Likert scales were generated.Four hundred and forty questionnaires were completed by students from 3 universities in Beijing.Regression analyses confirmed the positive influence on consumer purchasing intentions of endorser characteristics such as attractiveness,trustworthiness and expertise.ANOVA results indicated the fit between celebrity nationality and product nationality has a moderating role in the relationship between endorser characteristics and advertising effects.Specifically,the impact of endorser attractiveness on consumer attitudes was higher when endorser nationality and product nationality were congruent than when incongruent.Endorser trustworthiness exerted more impact on consumer attitudes when nationality was congruent while endorser expertise exerted more impact on consumer purchasing intentions when nationality was incongruent.In relation to advertising effectiveness,foreign celebrities proved more attractive than Chinese celebrities for endorsement of products with Chinese symbols.However,foreign celebrities were seen as less trustworthy and having less expertise than Chinese celebrities in regard to endorsement of products bearing Chinese symbols.In contrast,in the endorsement of products with foreign symbols,foreign celebrities received higher scores in all three aspects,attractiveness,trustworthiness and expertise than Chinese celebrities.Foreign celebrities also achieved higher performance scores regarding consumer attitudes and purchasing intentions for products with no distinctive national symbols.Overall,this study has implications for both Chinese and foreign firms in choosing celebrities for product endorsement.Besides endorser characteristics such as attractiveness,trustworthiness and expertise,congruence between endorser nationality and product nationality should be carefully evaluated.

Product effects on endorser image

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate reverse image transfer as it applies to both celebrities (actors/models) and celebrity athletes in a New Zealand context. It extends the work of Garland and Charbonneau which examined reverse image transfer (product image transferring to endorser) as it applied to celebrity athlete endorsers alone.Design/methodology/approachThe data for the study are collected from 240 New Zealand university undergraduate students who are split equally into eight treatment groups. Using Ohanian's source‐credibility scale, each group rate several celebrities or celebrity athletes on their suitability for endorsing two contrasting products: orange juice (representing a positively perceived product) and cigarettes (representing a negatively perceived product). ANOVA (analysis of variance) is used to compare means between celebrities/celebrity athletes and the products they endorse. The study is a close replication of Till's work in the USA.FindingsThe results show a pronounced polarising effect for celebrity athletes, as opposed to celebrities (actors/models), for the endorsement of both products but particularly for cigarettes, the negative product. The potential for reverse image transfer is real, demanding careful attention by celebrities, agents and marketers during evaluation of endorsement opportunities.Research limitations/implicationsThough not compromising the research integrity, the sample of New Zealand students is restrictive. Further extension of the research is advisable to address limitations based on sample composition, cultural setting and time of research.Originality/valueAside from addressing the paucity of research on reverse image transfer, this paper signals important managerial implications for celebrity endorsers and their agents.

Acute Renal Failure and Mechanical Ventilation: Reality or Myth?

Acute Renal Failure and Mechanical Ventilation: Reality or Myth?

Testing and Monitoring

All information appearing in the Industry Update was supplied by manufacturers' press releases and edited for length by the publisher. Publication of information and resources in the Industry Update does not imply AADE or publisher endorsement of products or services.

Improved standardization methods for clinical measurements of BUA and SOS

BACKGROUND: Although calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) are good predictors of osteoporotic fracture risk, BUA and SOS measurements exhibit substantial inter‐system variability. PURPOSE: 1) Compare phase insensitive (PI) detection, which suppresses phase cancellation, and conventional phase sensitive (PS) detection for measurement of BUA. 2) Test a new compensation formula for reducing variability in SOS measurements. METHODS: Data from 73 women were acquired using a GE Lunar Achilles Insight bone sonometer. Radio frequency data were processed off‐line using both PI and PS algorithms. RESULTS: BUA measurements (mean ± sd) were 81.4 ± 21.4 dB/MHz (PS) and 67.2 ± 9.7 dB/MHz (PI). Compensation of SOS measurements reduced 1) average transit‐time‐marker‐related SOS variability by 75% in 73 women and 2) bandwidth‐related SOS variability by 80% in a bone‐mimicking phantom. CONCLUSION: These new methods will enable a substantial improvement in consistency in bone sonometry. The mention of commercial products, their sources, or their use in connection with material reported herein is not to be construed as either an actual or implied endorsement of such products by the Department of Health and Human Services.

Consumer characteristics and demand for store brands

PurposeStore brands represent an important part of the consumer goods market and a prominent research area. The purpose of this paper is to address a well‐defined problem of store brand research and is concerned with individual characteristics that explain heterogeneous preferences for store brands. Understanding how preferences vary with consumer factors is a key element in developing successful marketing strategies.Design/methodology/approachA survey is designed and implemented to a large random sample of consumers, using computer‐assisted telephone interviewing.FindingsSpecific consumer characteristics are associated with interpersonal differences in store brand demand. Store brand preferences derive from a broader evaluation process, in which quality has the most significant role. The results also demonstrate the changing image of store brands, the endorsement of such products by consumers of higher socio‐economic status, and lead to important implications for both retailers and manufacturers of consumer products.Originality/valueThe paper introduces random sampling and telephone interviewing to store brand research and provides new insights for managers and researchers.

Towards morally defensible e‐government interactions with citizens

This paper looks at citizen‐facing e‐government. It considers how the non‐discretionary nature of the citizen’s relationship with government makes citizen‐facing e‐government different from business‐consumer e‐commerce. Combined with the moral basis of the state, the paper argues that there is an obligation for the state to set an example, which should affect the design of citizen‐facing e‐government, with design‐for‐all being an appropriate philosophy. Other consequences should include a preference for open standards and a wariness of unintentional endorsement of commercial products. E‐government should also offer a good level of data protection and security, and has a role in educating citizens in matters of computer security. Advantages and disadvantages that may come from e‐government adoption are considered, including a number of ways in which cost savings and increases in convenience may be achieved. There are brief discussions of questions of distribution of the benefits of e‐government adoption and of the relationship of e‐government to e‐democracy.

Wound and Foot Care

All information appearing in the Industry Update was supplied by manufacturers’ press releases and edited for length by the publisher. Publication of information and resources in the Industry Update does not imply AADE or publisher endorsement of products or services.

The Advertising Effectiveness of Aboriginal Endorsers: An Example from Taiwan

Endorsement of products by successful aboriginal people might enhance the effectiveness of their marketing. While there is much research regarding aboriginal tourism, there is apparently little discussion of marketing strategies other than frequent criticism of the stereotypical portrayal of aboriginal people. The purposes of this study were to explore the effectiveness of different types of endorsement and to determine what types of advertising appeals are most effective in attracting tourists to visit aboriginal cultural sites. This research adopted a between-subjects experimental design. In total, 610 samples were valid. Among them, 461 questionnaires were returned by the six experimental groups, and 149 were obtained by the two control groups. The main interest of this study was to explore the effectiveness of endorsement advertising of aboriginal products, in this case aboriginal culture villages in Taiwan. The results revealed that an employee endorser (i.e., aboriginal dancer) stimulates a better response than a celebrity endorser. In addition, an emotional advertising appeal was more effective than using a rational advertising appeal in an aboriginal cultural village's brochure.

Repeated surveys by acoustic Doppler current profiler for flow and sediment dynamics in a tidal river

A strategy of repeated surveys by acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was applied in a tidal river to map velocity vectors and suspended-sediment indicators. The Sacramento River at the junction with the Delta Cross Channel at Walnut Grove, California, was surveyed over several tidal cycles in the Fall of 2000 and 2001 with a vessel-mounted ADCP. Velocity profiles were recorded along flow-defining survey paths, with surveys repeated every 27 min through a diurnal tidal cycle. Velocity vectors along each survey path were interpolated to a three-dimensional Cartesian grid that conformed to local bathymetry. A separate array of vectors was interpolated onto a grid from each survey. By displaying interpolated vector grids sequentially with computer animation, flow dynamics of the reach could be studied in three-dimensions as flow responded to the tidal cycle. Velocity streamtraces in the grid showed the upwelling of flow from the bottom of the Sacramento River channel into the Delta Cross Channel. The sequential display of vector grids showed that water in the canal briefly returned into the Sacramento River after peak flood tides, which had not been known previously. In addition to velocity vectors, ADCP data were processed to derive channel bathymetry and a spatial indicator for suspended-sediment concentration. Individual beam distances to bed, recorded by the ADCP, were transformed to yield bathymetry accurate enough to resolve small bedforms within the study reach. While recording velocity, ADCPs also record the intensity of acoustic backscatter from particles suspended in the flow. Sequential surveys of backscatter intensity were interpolated to grids and animated to indicate the spatial movement of suspended sediment through the study reach. Calculation of backscatter flux through cross-sectional grids provided a first step for computation of suspended-sediment discharge, the second step being a calibrated relation between backscatter intensity and sediment concentration. Spatial analyses of ADCP data showed that a strategy of repeated surveys and flow-field interpolation has the potential to simplify computation of flow and sediment discharge through complex waterways. The use of trade, product, industry, or firm names in this report is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement of products by the US Government.

Third-Party Organization Endorsement of Products: An Advertising Cue Affecting Consumer Prepurchase Evaluation of Goods and Services

Advertisements containing product endorsements by a third-party organization (TPO), product endorsements by a celebrity, or no endorsement were compared for their ability to affect the dependent variables of perceived product quality, attitude toward the manufacturer, purchase risk, and information value of the ad. In addition, prior brand evaluation and source (endorser) trustworthiness were tested as moderators of the endorsement effect. In two factorial experiments, one for a desktop computer and one for auto insurance, significant main effects were found for endorsement and brand but not for trustworthiness. Brand interacted with endorsement in the quality perception of computers. In both experiments, TPO endorsement was particularly effective in enhancing respondent perceptions of product quality. It is concluded that TPO endorsement may function as an extrinsic quality cue in advertising.

The association endorsement and consumers’ intention to purchase

Many studies have investigated the impact of celebrity endorsers on consumers’ purchase intention. None, however, has studied the effects of an association endorsement. This research examined the effect of the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association’s (PRCA) endorsement of products on consumers’ purchase intentions. Survey data were collected from 1,456 respondents attending six rodeos across the USA. Binary logit regression revealed that individuals who attended rodeo frequently and those with less than a college degree were the most likely to accept the association endorsement. The findings are explained within the social influence framework.

Normal Reference Laboratory Values?

The following is a table of reference values for adults for laboratory tests commonly ordered at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and recorded in the Case Records. The table revises the most recently published data (Normal Reference Laboratory Values. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1063-72). Laboratory values are expressed in the units used at the MGH and the units of the Systeme International d'Unites (SI units). The table is not intended to provide a comprehensive review of reference values, since this information is widely available in standard textbooks. To avoid suggesting an endorsement of commercial products by the hospital or the Journal, . . .