Provision Of Employment Research Articles

Internal and External Continuity Strategies to Support Senior Employees’ Choice of Extended Working Life in Higher Education Institutions

Purpose: This study explores how HR professionals perceive older employees' intentions to continue working beyond the official retirement age and what strategies organizations would apply concerning their older employees. This study uses the theoretical lens of Atchley's (1989) continuity theory, a social gerontology theory that holds that aging people maintain existing internal and external continuity working structures. Methodology: A qualitative study was adopted. 17 HR professionals were interviewed through a semi-structured in-depth interview guide within the 12 public universities in Sweden (anonymous). Empirical data were thematically analyzed through the theoretical lens of continuity within internal and external continuity strategies. Findings: This study argues for some internal and external continuity strategies that help older employees be active longer than normal aging. These are a) mentoring and knowledge sharing program (internal continuity), b) a competence and experiences appreciation program (internal continuity), c) providing sufficient facilities for flexible working and work satisfaction (external continuity), and d) establishing provision for part-time employment after retirement (external continuity). Practical Implications: This study can contribute to previous studies by bringing the higher education institutions (HEI) sector into the organization studies. Originality/Value: This original study contributes to social sustainability through empirical and theoretical evidence to support and develop the older community of society. Limitations: This study needs to include more variations of interview data. It would be interesting for future researchers to study what age management strategies support older employees in improving their skills and what this study needs to focus on.

Application of the principle of individualization and personalization in the activity of the state employment service: administrative and legal aspect

The article examines and argues for the use of the principle of individualization and personalization in the work of the State Employment Service, which functions as an executive body. The author considers approaches to individualization and personalization as key elements of state policy regarding employment provision and labor market regulation. The author emphasizes that the analysis of the principles governing the activities of the State Employment Service is a fundamental and critically important aspect for the organization and effective functioning of this institution. The article analyzes the meaning and application of the principle of individualization and personalization in the activity of the State Employment Service in Ukraine from an administrative and legal perspective. The importance of establishing clear normative definitions of these principles is emphasized, as they determine the basic standards and norms for the functioning of state bodies. In particular, insufficient regulation can lead to differences in their understanding and application, complicating the planning and organization of activities. The author analyzes the international experience of applying the principle of “case management” and points out the need to introduce individually oriented support methods for each unemployed person in Ukraine. Particular emphasis is placed on innovations, including the reform of the organizational structure of the State Employment Service, which is aimed at increasing efficiency and customer focus. In particular, the introduction of a career counselor as an institution demonstrates the authority’s desire to provide an individual approach and personalized support to each client. An analysis of the career counselor’s functions confirms its focus on developing individual career plans for clients, taking into account their personal needs and capabilities. Manifestations of the application of the principle of individualization in the activities of the State Employment Service are considered, in particular, through drawing up an individual employment plan with a job seeker. The author emphasizes that this plan is a program of cooperation between the unemployed and a career counselor, aimed at organizing and ensuring the provision of social services in the field of employment. Special attention is paid to the expected positive impact of such an individual approach on the effectiveness of the job search and compliance with the needs of employers . It was concluded that in the context of the activity of the State Employment Service, the principle of individual approach and personalization is manifested in the expansion of the range of services for clients, taking into account their unique needs, level of professional training, motivation and readiness for mobility. This approach becomes an important component of the development strategy of the state employment service and contributes to increasing its effectiveness in achieving the goal of creating conditions for active employment of the population.

DYNAMICS OF GROWTH, INVESTMENT AND EMPLOYMENT IN MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) IN ASSAM

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are significant contributor to the economy. This study examines the growth of MSMEs and their role in provision of employment to people in Upper Assam. The study is based on secondary data collected from various sources such as the Annual Survey of Industries, the Statistical Handbook of Assam, and reports from the Reserve Bank of India and the Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. It analyses the growth of MSMEs in the State during the period 2000–01 to 2018–19 and also investigate the pattern of employment and its trend in MSMEs. The findings of the study revealed that there has been a significant growth in the number of registered MSME units in the State. The number of registered MSME units in Assam increased sharply from 14,453 in 2000-01 to 48,171 in 2018-19. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in number of registered MSME units during the period 2000-01 to 2018-19 was found to be 6.54 per. The found differences in growth of investment, employment trends and number of registered MSME units in seven districts of upper Assam. In most districts, employment in MSMEs has grown slowly as compared to growth in number of units. In fact, there has been decline in employment per unit. Additionally, the average investment per unit differed considerably among the districts, indicating that MSMEs in some districts have varying investment capacity and patterns. The results point to the need for focused approaches to reduce regional differences and improve employment prospects by promoting investment for reducing unemployment and achieving balanced industrial growth in Assam. KEY WORDS: MSMEs, Growth, Investment, Employment, Assam.

Public Participation in the Management of Traditional Markets from the Perspective of Local Governance

Background: Regional economic development necessitates a complex process involving various initiatives and collaboration between the government and the local community to enhance employment opportunities and community welfare. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the trade sector, mainly traditional markets, which have experienced a decline in the number of traders and turnover. Traditional markets, which play a crucial role in the distribution of local products and the provision of employment, need help with management and must compete with modern shopping centers. To sustain and enhance the competitiveness of traditional markets, professional management and revitalization are required, adhering to health, hygiene, and safety standards. Additionally, adaptation to digitalization is essential despite posing challenges in maintaining the traditional characteristics of these markets. Success in managing traditional markets necessitates active participation and collaboration between the central government, local government, the private sector, and the community. This reflects the concept of local governance, which involves multiple actors in addressing local issues. Research Methods: This study employs a qualitative descriptive method to analyze public participation in managing traditional markets in Bengkulu City. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, including market traders, market managers, and local government officials. Direct observations were also conducted to understand the market management dynamics better. Data analysis was carried out thematically to identify patterns of participation and the factors influencing them. This approach allows the researcher to explore the experiences and perceptions of market participants and identify barriers and opportunities for enhancing public participation. Theoretical Review: This research draws on the theories of public participation and local governance in managing traditional markets. Public participation involves the active engagement of the community in the decision-making processes that concern their interests. This theory emphasizes the importance of information openness, transparency, and commitment from all parties to achieve optimal outcomes. Meanwhile, local governance refers to managing public resources by local governments involving various stakeholders such as the community, the private sector, and non-governmental organizations. This approach highlights the importance of collaboration and partnership in creating market management more responsive to community needs. By understanding and applying the principles of these two theories, it is expected that the management of traditional markets can be more effective and sustainable, especially in facing challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Result and Discussion: This study employs a descriptive research design with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, field notes, and other documents. This research aims to comprehensively and thoroughly understand the phenomenon of public participation in the management of Panorama Market in Bengkulu City from the perspective of local governance: the research procedures involved snowball and purposive sampling, triangulation of data collection, and inductive data analysis. In this study, the researcher was directly involved in the research setting through both field observations and social interactions with the research subjects. The qualitative method was chosen because the research problem still needs to be clearly defined, and sufficient data must still be provided. This method allows for a broader and deeper depiction of the social processes being studied. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that public participation and local governance play crucial roles in managing traditional markets, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Collaboration between the government, the community, and the private sector is critical to effective and sustainable management. By applying the principles of public participation and local governance, the management of traditional markets can be enhanced to face future challenges better.

Can Home Industry Support Employment Provision in Kota Pari Village?

The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of home industries in Kota Pari Village to employment generation. Home industries play a vital role in expanding job opportunities, providing essential economic services to the community, reducing unemployment, and enhancing people's well-being. This study utilized library research methods, gathering information from reference centers and scientific journals to directly access and analyze data. A more efficient industrial sector at the national level necessitates the presence of small companies within the manufacturing industry. The growth of home industries in rural areas can boost the local economy through diverse business activities and community skill development. The research findings indicated that prioritizing the industrial sector in the economic structure leads to a positive impact on poverty reduction. Additionally, focusing on creating more job opportunities is crucial for poverty alleviation. Moreover, facilitating the transition from agriculture to the industrial sector is essential. Lastly, managing population growth is also imperative in conjunction with these efforts.

Involvement of rural women in gathering of forest products as a means of livelihood in South-Western Nigeria

This study evaluated the involvement of rural women in the collection of forest products. Three hundred rural women involved in gathering of forest products were selected by a three stage sampling technique while primary data were collected with the use of interview schedules as well as Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Analysis of data was done using frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, correlation and Chi-square. The study revealed that majority (61%) of the women were in their economically active ages, married (76.7%), with mean age and household sizes of 39years, 6 persons respectively. Majority (87%), of the women gather vegetables, fruits (77%), snails (76%), and alligator pepper (71%) and herbs (62%) among others. Women gatherers had positive perceptions that gathering of forest produces is a source of livelihood (x̄= 4.42), gathering of forest is profitable, (x̄= 4.36); and gathering business has improved their standard of living (x̄= 4.06) among others. The benefits derived from gathering activities included: provision of foods (fruits, vegetables, and soup condiments) which ranked first and provision of employment and improvement in rural living standards from sustained income among others. Respondents’ age (r=0.201;≤0.05), experience (r=0.694;≤0.01) and household size (r=0.694;≤0.01) had significant relationship with involvement in the gathering enterprise. It is concluded that rural women involvement in gathering of forest products is high enough but may not ensure sustainable livelihood. The study recommends that stakeholders should prioritize programmes that would promote off-farm income- generating diversification activities through technical and financial support.

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Risk Factors in the Southern Region of Bangladesh

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has already established itself as an important global non-communicable disease with a long-term complication.Objective: To assess the prevalence and risk factors related with diabetic retinopathy (DR)Methods: This cross-sectional study reviewed records of 3299 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who attended in retina clinic of eye department of Sher-e-Bangla Medical College, Barishal, Bangladesh from 2017-2021. Age, sex, anthropometric measurements, education, occupation, referral, current treatment protocol, registration history, visual acuity, random blood sugar was recorded from the patients. Logistic regression was done to assess the factors associated with DR.Results: The prevalence proportion of DR was 32.37 (95% CI: 30.78-33.97%). Out of this, 3.6% were proliferative DR (PDR), 10.1% were mild Non-PDR (NPDR), 11.2% were moderate NPDR and 7.4% were severe NPDR. Males (p=0.003), illiteracy (p=0.002), unemployed (p=0.03), registration information (p<0.001), patients on insulin (p<0.001), duration of DM (p<0.001), random blood sugar (p=0.009), BMI (p<0.001) were associated with DR. Middle age with moderate duration (OR=1.72, p=0.02), old age with long duration (OR=1.93, p=0.005), male gender (OR=1.42, p=0.01), random blood sugar (OR=1.07, <0.001) were positively associated with DR, while BMI was negatively associated (OR=0.96, p=0.03).Conclusion: DR is highly prevalent in Bangladeshi population. Health education, provision of employment, registry and regular follow up with DAB, controlling blood sugar and blood pressure and improving BMI could alleviate this important public health burden in our country.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 02 Apr’24 Page: 177-184

A multi-criteria decision framework to evaluate sustainable alternatives for repurposing of abandoned or closed surface coal mines

Surface coal mines, when abandoned or closed, pose significant environmental and socioeconomic challenges. Repurposing these sites is crucial for sustainable land use and responsible resource management. This study presents a comprehensive decision framework tailored to the Indian mining context, utilizing a hybrid approach combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) methodology. The proposed framework assesses and ranks alternative repurposing options by considering a multi-criteria evaluation, including ecological, economic, social, and regulatory factors. AHP is employed to determine the relative importance of these criteria, reflecting the unique priorities and perspectives of stakeholders involved in the repurposing process. TOPSIS then identifies the optimal alternatives based on their overall performance against the established criteria. This hybrid methodology contributes to informed decision-making in the sustainable repurposing of abandoned surface coal mines in India. It aids in identifying the most viable and environmentally responsible alternatives, promoting efficient land use and resource conservation while addressing the challenges associated with abandoned mine sites. The methodology’s applicability extends globally to industries facing similar repurposing challenges, facilitating the transition toward a more sustainable and responsible land reclamation and resource management approach. The methodology is implemented using real mine data and demonstrates the analysis for evaluation among multiple alternatives such as solar parks, fish farming, eco-resorts, forestry, and museums. In our study, eco-resorts show more promise based on the significant potential for local economic development, provision of local employment, long-term revenue generation, potential for upskilling local youth in management, gardening, construction, and animal husbandry, and serving as a site for exhibitions of various arts and crafts.

Achieving carbon neutrality in Africa is possible: the impact of education, employment, and renewable energy consumption on carbon emissions

This paper analysed the causal link between education, employment, renewable energy consumption and carbon emissions in Africa, where there is scant evidence. Relying on panel data obtained from the World Development Indicators for thirty-two African countries covering a period of 19 years, and five panel rigorous regression models, we found that renewable energy, investment in education, school enrolment, net national income per capita, and employment had negative and significant effects on carbon emission, thus increasing these predictors would result in significant reduction in carbon emission in Africa. We identified a bidirectional causality between carbon emissions and net national income per capita, education expenditure and renewable energy consumption, and carbon emissions and employment. Our findings suggest that investment in education, renewable energy, and employment are relevant in mitigating carbon emissions in Africa. We recommend African governments to invest heavily in education, improve school enrolment, environmental education, renewable energy and employment provision to mitigate carbon emissions.Graphical

Social farming as a driver of innovation for migrant empowerment and sustainability. The Italian experience

Social farming represents an innovative approach that combines productive agricultural activities with the provision of social services, including health, education, training, employment, and recreational opportunities. While social farming is a concept that is being implemented in various ways across Europe, in Italy, it has a particular emphasis on the integration of disadvantaged individuals into the labour market and local communities. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of two social farming enterprises located in northern Italy, specifically examining their role in facilitating the integration of asylum seekers, refugees and former unaccompanied minors into agricultural work. The study explores the sustainability of these enterprises from economic, social and environmental perspectives. It also investigates how these enterprises contribute to regional development through their involvement in local and supra-local networks.

THE GLOBAL EXPERIENCE AND TRENDS OF POVERTY OVERCOMING

The most unstable and ungovernable class of society is the poor. The goal of socio-economic development in any country is to ensure stability, which is practically impossible to achieve if the country has a high level of poverty. Policy makers aiming to reduce it and improve the living standards of the poorest need to be able to get accurate information about who, where, and why is in that situation. Poverty looks and measures differently in different countries. Reducing poverty is one of the goals of the sustainable development program adopted by the United Nations. It should be noted that the above-mentioned UN program includes 16 more goals that address various socio-economic needs, from educational outcomes to environmental sustainability, that must be met for people and communities to live a life of dignity. It is proposed to solve the problem of poverty reduction in the context of developing and implementing a flexible policy of income distribution and redistribution. The main tool in this process can be the provision of mass employment of the population.

The Impact of Platform Ecosystem on Nigeria’s Small Businesses: A Strategic Analysis for Competitive Advantage

The interconnectedness of businesses (producers/suppliers, wholesalers, and retailers) and customers has never been more critical in the global business environment. Reliance on traditional means of connecting with businesses and other consumers is fraught with limited availability of contact. The platform ecosystem provides a veritable channel for small businesses to interact with many businesses and consumers who themselves are also stakeholders in the platform ecosystem. Business ecosystems provide essential benefits such as the means to a wide range of capabilities, the capacity to scale quickly, enhanced resiliency, and flexibility (Ulrich Pidun et al., 2019). New businesses must gain speedy access to capabilities that are external to the organization and expensive to acquire internally. The Nigerian business terrain is awash with millions of micro and small businesses that serve as the backbone of the Nigerian economy through the provision of employment to millions of people, raw materials to other businesses (large or small) and are critical to the supply chain in all sectors of the economy. The need to gain capabilities, resources, and core competencies cannot be over-emphasized; the fragility of these businesses considering the COVID-19 pandemic presents an invaluable opportunity for small business owners and operators first to change their mindsets to enable them to appreciate the vast benefits derivable from the interactions with other stakeholders on a platform they can be part of for little or no charge. The paper seeks to discover how ecosystem platforms can influence small businesses' capabilities and core competencies in Nigeria to generate innovation.

Evaluation of the Development of Landscape Architecture Using WSM Method

Landscape architecture spans across various dimensions including its objectives, design methodologies, analytical procedures, target clientele, levels of interest, intellectual or knowledge foundations, ethical considerations, connection with the natural environment, and approaches to power dynamics. Within the analytical community, landscape architecture holds a significant role, particularly in landscape ecology, contributing to a comprehensive perspective and wielding influence. The Department of landscape architecture and related fields are spatial Prioritize design to address urban and rural challenges, crafting solutions Parks and garden sand squares etc., considering both environmental and societal needs to foster development and leverage opportunities effectively. This article delves into the practices of regional designers, who configure and organize the design process, while also examining relevant policies. However, regional design principles often exhibit ambiguity, lacking structure and stability, thus presenting challenging scenarios. Moreover, the design process seeks to contribute to broader processes of change, forming an integral aspect of the study. It underscores a dynamic perspective on design, emphasizing communication with stakeholders and the designer's role within the design process, highlighting the need for a renewed cultural outlook. significant portion of the book is that which covers the landscape profession's contribution to the 20th century development to town planning in England and America. Newton discusses the 19th-century English background, including the experimental towns of Saltire, Bourneville, and Port Sunlight and the sociological factors which led to establishing the garden city movement. In Garden Cities of Tomorrow (1902), Ebenezer Howard set out guiding principles which are valid in urban design today: the town and country ideal; limitation in size (32,000 population, 6,000 acres); controlled agricultural buffer zone (greenbelt); development and control by a corporation; planning and density control; separate wards (neighborhoods) developed around the public school; spaciousness for tree-lined streets, public buildings, home sites; ample areas for parks and recreation; provision for industrial employment in municipally or privately owned factories, electrically powered to reduce air pollution; the dispersal of towns separated by controlled agricultural lands; development of intercity transport facilities. The Weighted Sum Method (WSM) is an approach for decision-making and optimization that assesses and contrasts multiple alternatives through a set of criteria. It offers a structured means of amalgamating these criteria, each with its own significance, into a single value. Art in Landscape Architecture, Urban Agriculture and Foodscapes, Therapeutic Landscapes, Socially Engaged Design and Ecological Design. Ecological Impact, Maintenance and Longevity, Community Engagement and Economic Impact. the Ranking of Landscape Architecture. Ecological Design is got the first rank whereas is the Socially Engaged Design is having the Lowest rank.

Sociopolitical and financial goals in state-owned manufacturers' expansion of production capacity: evidence from China

PurposeThe rapid, yet low-profit, expansion of the production capacity of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) represents a remarkable phenomenon. However, the motivation behind this key operational decision remains underexplored, especially concerning the prioritization of sociopolitical and financial goals in operations management. Drawing on the multiple-goal model in the behavioral theory of the firm (BTOF), the authors' study aims to examine how SOE capacity expansion is driven by performance feedback regarding the sociopolitical goal of employment provision and how SOEs differently prioritize sociopolitical and financial goals based on negative versus positive feedback on the sociopolitical goal.Design/methodology/approachThe authors' study uses panel data on 826 Chinese SOEs in manufacturing industries from 2011 to 2019. The authors employ the fixed-effects model with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, which are robust to heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and cross-sectional dependence.FindingsThe authors find that SOEs increase capacity expansion as sociopolitical feedback becomes more negative, but they may not increase capacity expansion in response to positive sociopolitical feedback. Moreover, negative profitability feedback strengthens SOEs' capacity expansion in response to negative sociopolitical feedback. In contrast, negative profitability feedback weakens their response to positive sociopolitical feedback.Originality/valueThe authors' study offers a novel behavioral explanation of SOEs' operational decisions regarding capacity expansion. While the literature has traditionally assumed multiple goals as either hierarchical or compatible, the authors extend the BTOF's multiple-goal model to illuminate when firms pursue sociopolitical and financial goals as compatible (i.e. the activation rule) versus hierarchical (i.e. the sequential rule), thereby reconciling their tension in distinct performance situations. Practically, the authors provide fine-grained insights into how operations managers can prioritize multiple goals when making operational decisions. The authors' study also shows how policymakers can influence SOE operations to pursue sociopolitical goals for public benefit.

“If only these conversations had happened in induction.” Influencing employee aspiration with action learning-led inductions in the Big Four

PurposeThis paper explores employee experiences of induction in the Big Four accountancy firms to understand how induction influences new recruits' career aspirations.Design/methodology/approachUsing Bourdieusian sociology, this article adopts an interpretivist multi-method approach through focus groups and semi-structured interviews with 28 newly appointed accounting professionals. The study defines newly appointed as those who have experienced induction within the last two years of their employment.FindingsThe study's findings challenge the authenticity of induction from a shared employee consensus. It cites contagious spin, regarding career progression opportunities espoused during induction, at odds with the reality of work, ultimately contributing towards unfulfilled employee aspiration. As current strategies suggest that the intersection between employee aspiration and employer provision in the accountancy profession, is too broad, this study argues for more collaborative inductions. In addition, it proposes that accountancy firms should re-evaluate their current strategies and co-construct more authentic inductions that benefit all stakeholders to develop a stronger psychological contract that positively influences employee aspiration.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper posits action-learning as a solution to address employee aspiration in induction campaigns in the accountancy profession.Practical implicationsAs aspiration is the genesis of motivation and engagement, this study’s findings suggest that the use of an action-learning ethos in induction activities may provide an opportunity to explore the complexities of employee socialisation and provide a voice to new recruits attempting to influence any tensions or disappointment that may arise, as unmet career aspirations emerge.Originality/valueThe paper posits action learning as a solution to address employee aspiration in induction campaigns in the accountancy profession.

The Implications of The Tanzania New Mining Legislation in Enhancing Revenue: A Case of Geita Gold Mine.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the implications of these reforms from a revenue collection perspective in Geita District using Geita Gold Mine Limited (GGML) as a case study.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: This study utilizes a mixed-method approach, by using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study population consisted of individuals from sampled households in six wards around GGML with a sample size of 384 respondents. The study used both stratified and simple random sampling methods in selecting respondents. The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussion and documentary analysis while the quantitative data were collected through the survey method. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis and quantitative data from households were analysed using descriptive statistics.
 Research Implications/Limitations: This study is limited to GGML and Geita District only, which may not fully capture the diverse range of other mining companies operating outside the district within Tanzania.
 Findings: Study findings indicated that the mining legislation helped to improve the quality of institutions as well as resource governance. For instance, due to improvements in resource governance such as the increase in royalty and mining supervision the revenue from mining activities almost tripled to a total of TZS 664 billion as compared to TZS 196 billion that was collected four years back from 2017.
 Practical Implications: The findings are expected to have a significant on improving the traceability of gold production and reporting their activities more transparently. Additionally, reforms can lead to more efficient and effective collection of royalties, taxes, and fees related to gold mining operations, resulting in increased government revenue
 Social Implications: The social implications of this research are essential, as the increase in mining revenue through taxes, royalties, service levies and other fees can help to improve social services such as education and health services. The mining sector can also contribute to the provision of employment to host communities which has a direct impact on improving social welfare.
 Originality/Value: The novelty of this research lies in its holistic and sector-specific examination of revenue collection reforms in the gold mining industry, considering economic, environmental, social, and governance dimensions. It offers a comprehensive understanding of how reforms in this critical sector can impact both individual nations and the global resource landscape.

Quantifying the health impacts of alternative urban development scenarios using the HAUS tool

Abstract Local authorities face a capacity challenge to balance policy considerations when master-planning an area for redevelopment. Effects of redevelopment on residents’ health comprise one competing priority alongside financial viability, sustainability and employment provision. The challenge is not a lack of data, but a lack of accessible tools to help LAs synthesise and interpret complex information about health effects. We address this by creating a health-economic valuation model which allows the user to understand health trade-offs entailed in alternative scenarios and relative to other costs and benefits. The model applies evidence to quantify and monetise the potential impact on health outcomes related to characteristics of the urban environment. The model is driven by a set of 200+ environment-health impact pathways supported by systematic reviews of evidence relating to building design, natural environment, community infrastructure and transport. We estimate the societal value of changes to health using a database of economic values for 70+ physical and mental health outcomes. Values include costs of treatment, productivity loss and pain & suffering associated with ill health, and are disaggregated according to who bears the costs, e.g. NHS, police. Values are modelled for a synthetic population which can be tailored to local contexts, allowing for aggregation. We apply the model to a regeneration site in Bristol, UK, identifying health outcomes resulting from alternative land use scenarios for the site. Model outputs were used to inform the process of developing a Spatial Regeneration Framework and preferred land use scenarios within the regeneration site. Our research helped to widen out the number of health impacts considered by the design team, and to build a strong case for healthy policy options such as enhanced green space within the strategic framework, ensuring that health data can be built into negotiations with developers in the implementation phase. Key messages • Economic valuation of health impacts of urban environment leads to better public health decision-making. • The HAUS model allows better-informed trade-offs between health and urban investment to be made.

Decolonizing Kenyan Curriculum and Self-Reliance

Purpose: Education is meant to develop capacity and enable members of society to become productive. African indigenous education systems inculcated self-reliance among members of society and every individual had a specific defined role within the society. The colonial education system introduced the aspects of unemployment, underemployment and job seekers. In an effort to address growing mismatch between expectations by graduates and societal employment provisions, the government has regularly formed commissions and made reforms in the education system. Despite these efforts there has been growing concerns on the effectiveness of the current education system to inculcate self-reliance among graduates. This study sought to establish the influence of decolonizing the Kenyan education system on self-reliance among students. The study was carried out in universities in Kenya.
 Methodology: This study utilized the descriptive survey design and the correlational research design. A sample size of 384 respondents made up of 60 members of teaching faculty and 324 fourth year bachelor of education students was selected to participate in the study. Data collection was done using questionnaires and interview schedules. Descriptive statistics was used for measures of central tendencies including mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Inferential statistics through correlation analysis using the Pearson‘s coefficient of correlation was applied to measure the degree of influence of decolonizing curriculum on self-reliance. To test hypothesis, simple linear and multiple regression models were used to test significance between independent and dependent variable. Qualitative data from interviews was organized into themes, categories and patterns pertinent to the study.
 Findings: The study found that the contemporary Kenyan curriculum influenced self-reliance to a moderate extent and that integration of selected elements of African indigenous curriculum was capable of improving the Kenyan curriculum to a large extent. It was concluded that decolonizing curriculum had a statistically significant relationship with self-reliance among students in the Kenyan education system.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The findings of this study will hopefully shed light on factors attributable to colonization that continue to impact on students’ attainment of self- reliance and help planners to make early interventions with regard to self-reliance in education.

Народы Северного Кавказа в Центральном Казахстане: насильственное переселение и адаптация

В статье исследована история насильственного переселения и последующей адаптации народов Северного Кавказа в Казахстане. Работа основана на анализе нормативных документов, деловой переписки и архивных материалов из региональных и центральных архивов республики. Изучены особенности процесса перевозки, приема, размещения продовольственного обеспечения, трудоустройства и социально-бытовой адаптации спецпереселенцев. Интерес представляет изучение вызовов и трудностей, сопровождавших адаптацию народов Северного Кавказа в Казахстане посленасильственного переселения. Критический анализ этих аспектов позволяет глубже понять последствия этого периода истории для переселенцев и их влияние на современное состояние общества и культуры Казахстана.

Oil Compensation and Intra-Communal Conflict in the Niger Delta

Conflict is a recurrent phenomenon in the Niger Delta area. Many of the conflicts are due to poverty, unemployment, chieftaincy tussle and mistrust of the traditional institution. The aftermath of many of these conflicts are always immeasurable in financial terms, but usually include loss of lives and properties. The current crisis in Ogoni particularly in Kpor and Bomu communities of Gokana is one of such conflicts, arising from dispute over sharing of oil compensation money. This study, however, was conducted in Kpor community relied on key informant interview of community leaders and focus group discussion, and found that the crisis in Kpor was as a result of distrust of community leaders, especially the chiefs over oil compensation money supposedly paid through the chiefs. We, therefore, recommended the provision of employment for youths and channeling of oil compensation money towards community development projects rather than sharing among community members.