Employment Agencies Research Articles

Alle Jahre wieder: zum aktuellen Tarifkonflikt bei der Bahn

Abstract The paper deals with the present collective bargaining conflict at the railway. First, we summarize the development and legal preconditions. Next, we focus on different demands (wages, especially inflation compensation bonus, weekly working hours) and some possible solutions of the conflict. Then, we deal with strikes and their consequences. Finally, we identify the foundation of a new temporary employment agency as a potential cause for future conflicts.

Oversight on the Execution of Fixed-Term Employment Contracts at the Makassar City Labor Department

This study delves into the procedures and regulatory frameworks governing PKWT, alongside scrutinizing the oversight mechanisms in place to ensure adherence to labor laws, safeguard worker rights, and maintain a balance between employer interests and employee protections. Through empirical legal research, involving interviews, document analysis, and a thorough review of legal statutes, the study unveils the intricacies of PKWT registration at the Makassar City Labor Office and assesses the effectiveness of labor oversight practices. Findings reveal that the registration process for PKWT, whether conducted online within three days or offline within seven days post-signing, necessitates the submission of specific documents to ensure legal and administrative compliance. This mechanism not only provides clarity and accountability but also serves as a foundational aspect of labor law enforcement. However, the research identifies a gap in the legal framework concerning sanctions for non-registration of PKWTs, underscoring a potential area for legislative enhancement to reinforce worker protections. The study further examines the role of labor oversight, conducted by the Makassar City Employment Office and other relevant bodies, in maintaining a fair, transparent, and regulated employment landscape. It categorizes oversight into preventive and repressive measures, each playing a critical role in promoting compliance with labor regulations and safeguarding worker rights. Despite the proactive efforts in education and socialization to foster compliance, limitations in authority at the city level underscore the necessity for coordinated efforts with provincial labor authorities to bolster oversight efficacy.

Working apart: Domestic outsourcing in Europe

Lower-skilled workers face increasing pressures. Their bargaining position is declining under the twin pressures of globalisation and technological change; and they risk losing access to better positions as firms’ pay and conditions arrangements increasingly drift apart. Rising between-firm differences partly come about through increasing separation of lower-skilled workers into lower-paying firms with worse conditions, thereby reducing their opportunities further. Such polarisation is partly driven by (domestic) outsourcing where main firms take certain tasks that are seen as non-core out of their payroll, instead purchasing those same tasks from another official employer or temporary employment agency while retaining control. Outsourcing generally brings worse conditions and lower pay. This paper uses cross-national European data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) along with contextual data to study how outsourcing – proxied by moves to business services providers or temporary employment agencies – contributes to a worse labour market position of lower-educated workers over time. I find that (1) domestic outsourcing is increasing over time across Europe; (2) outsourced workers are working under generally worse conditions than their counterparts; and (3) this process is not universal: it hits harder in sectors with greater technological innovation and can be alleviated by union density and worker representation.

Strategi Agensi ‘Bencuan’ Mengatasi Permasalahan Tutupnya Tiktok Shop dan Beralih ke Shopee

Since the outbreak of Covid-19, many employment agencies have been going live on the TikTok Shop app. However, the Government recently decided to remove this feature for one reason or another. This news has a considerable impact on TikTok Shop employment agencies, who are quite restless because they will lose a wide market reach, although the removal of TikTok Shop is a good intention to improve the e-commerce ecosystem in the country. The research uses descriptive qualitative methods with grounded theory facilitating a deeper understanding of the phenomenon under study through systematic data collection and analysis. The location of this survey was conducted at Grand Mall Serpong Tangerang on October 24, 2023. Research observations were made by interviewing the manager of the 'Bencuan' agency itself and the interview was based on grounded theory. The results of the closure of TikTok Shop in Indonesia have a huge impact on online merchants and agencies that rely on the Yellow Basket feature of Tiktok Shop. 'Bencuan' agency is not desperate or lost and continues their normal daily operations. It's just that the transaction system has changed slightly, they used to use Tiktok Shop for sales transactions, but now they are switching to other platforms such as Shopee and Instagram, because their license to operate in Indonesia is still valid.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on jobs for people with intellectual disabilities and autism in Wales.

The study reports the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdowns on jobs for people with intellectual disabilities and autism. The study focuses on the impact of the first and the fire-break lockdowns and the actions taken to support young people. Data was collected from the cohort of young people currently working in Wales, and that received job coach support from the Engage to Change Project, on furlough arrangements, job retainment and job losses. Innovative initiatives to support young people are described. Review of the working situation during the pandemic was conducted for 184 jobs, evaluating the proportion of young people being furloughed or working remotely and compared with the general population in Wales. Supported employment agencies adapted their practice during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering new and innovative ways to support young people and facilitate their return to work.

The effect of social media on open innovation mediated by knowledge construction process (the case of study: Employees of Mashhad airline agencies)

Marketing in tourism industry has been done in different eras based on the media available to managers of this industry. With the emergence of new media, the type of marketing activity has also changed. Employees’ skills are also important and the success of the individual or the organization depends on committed and expert human resources. Therefore, the present research aimed to explore the mediating role of knowledge construction process in the relationship between social media and open innovation of employees of Mashhad airline agencies. The research population consisted of all employees of airline agencies in Mashhad. The sample size was estimated using a convenience sampling method. The final size was estimated at 348. The data collection instrument was a standard questionnaire used to check the validity of the construct using confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and composite reliability were used to measure reliability. The results substantiated the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The data analysis was used through a structural equation modeling in Smart PLS. The results showed that the use of social media affected open innovation and knowledge construction. The use of knowledge construction is effective in open innovation. The knowledge construction process mediates the relationship between social media and open innovation.

Second Chance in Vocational Education and Training of Adults in Slovakia: Second or Wasted Chance?

Context: The paper focuses on an analysis of school-based vocational education and training (VET) of adults in Slovakia against the background of the concept of second-chance education (hereafter SCE). The concept of SCE involves different conditions of education to those that adults faced during their initial education and were unable to meet. Adults primarily study part-time, where they are offered a mirror image of a reduced full-time programme rather than an alternative space for obtaining a degree. Approach: Several theoretical research methods were used in the paper. An analysis of available statistical data about adults in VET, secondary analysis of relevant literature, the authors' own findings from previous research, and a comparison of selected characteristics of VET of adults in Slovakia with the principles of second chance education allowed for the formulation of synthesised findings and recommendations on necessary changes in adult education in vocational education and training. Findings: The absence of SCE principles in the vocational education and training of adults in Slovakia is one of the reasons for insufficient participation of low-educated adults. Neither schools, nor the state or municipalities, nor employment offices have created a mechanism for acquiring and keeping adults in education. VET of adults does not fulfil a social integration function because it is mostly used by adults who are upgrading or supplementing their existing qualifications. A significant manifestation of the lack of interest in improving the situation of the low-educated in VET is, among other things, the absence of training programmes that would prepare teachers for a non-mainstream educational process with non-mainstream pupils. The measures, which would be aimed at increasing the participation of the low-educated adults in secondary education are absent. This situation results, among other things, in persistent regional disparities in adult participation in education, which deepen the marginalisation of entire regions and their populations. Conclusion: The VET of adults in Slovakia lacks the concept of second-chance education that would enable those who needed it the most to enter and obtain higher level of education. The implementation of the elements of the SCE concept in VET would allow for an increase in the participation and success of the most vulnerable groups of adults with the lowest education and socio-economic status.

Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Melalui Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Intervening Pada Pegawai Instansi XYZ

This research aims to strengthen the results of previous research and conduct an analysis of the influence of Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Organizational Commitment as an intervention for XYZ Agency Employees. Sampling in this study used a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling technique of 187 respondents. The strategy applied in checking information is SmartPLS v.3.2.9. The research results show that Hierarchical Culture has an impact on OCB, Job Fulfillment influences OCB, Authoritative Culture basically influences Authoritative Responsibility, Job Fulfillment influences Hierarchical Responsibility, Authoritative Responsibility has a positive and large influence on OCB, Hierarchical Culture influences OCB through the mediation of Authoritative Responsibility , and Job Fulfillment fundamentally influence OCB through the mediation of Hierarchical Responsibilities.

The role of job crafting as an employee strategy in responding to organizational change and job satisfaction in health units in Greece: Cross sectional study

Background: In recent decades, in the context of organizational change, Job crafting is the process in which the redesign of work takes place, employees change their labor boundaries and labor relations to find meaning in them. Material and Method: Data were collected from 112 health care workers from the public and private sector regardless of specialty with a random sampling method. The data was collected by a questionnaire that included three parts: demographics, scale of organizational commitment, job satisfaction. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 24.0 using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, variance analysis and t-test. Purpose: To investigate job crafting as a strategy of employees in Health Units in Greece regarding organizational change and the factors that affect job satisfaction. Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was identified between the RCT scale and the MSQ satisfaction scale (r=0.299, p=0.002<a=0.05). The hypothesis of homogeneity of variations is not rejected for the Job crafting and RCT scales by Levene's test (p-values>a=0.05), while it is rejected for the MSQ scale (F=3.757, p-value=0.027<a=0.05). Subsequently, there was no statistically significant relationship between the Job Crafting scales, RCT of the questionnaire and age group (p-values>a=0.05) with application of One Way ANOVA. There was also no statistically significant difference (χ2(3)=2.068, p-value=0.558>a=0.05) so there is no differentiation in the degree of agreement of the MSQ scale per educational level. Finally, the hypothesis of equality of population fluctuations is not rejected (Vene test, F=2,507, p=0,116) and a statistically significant relationship between the Job Crafting scale in relation to the employment agency (t=-2,607, p=0,01) emerged. Conclusions: Job crafting has a positive impact on organizational change and job satisfaction is positively linked to the implementation of Job crafting. Planning and managing organizational change is a complex and difficult task for organizational managers. Reactions to organizational change can be multiple, often ambiguous and complex. Employees can respond to change in unexpected ways. They don't just face change, but they may also be actively involved with it and play an active role in influencing its direction. On the one hand, organizations and, on the other hand, managers should turn to work redesign interventions, leave room for employees to change their work routine and provide them with opportunities to "match" their work to their strengths, skills and preferences.

Inside the Black Box: Uncovering Dynamics and Characteristics of the Chilean Central Government Bureaucracy with a Novel Dataset

ABSTRACT This article examines bureaucracies using a novel dataset of Chilean central government employees from 2006 to 2020. Unlike perception-based sources, this dataset provides objective, disaggregated, and longitudinal insights into bureaucrats’ characteristics and careers. The authors validate it against official employment statistics and conduct an exploratory and descriptive analysis, presenting six descriptive findings about the Chilean bureaucracy that cannot be discovered using available aggregate data. The analysis reveals significant degrees of personnel stability and professionalization in the civil service, but with considerable rigidity in careers and substantial interagency heterogeneity in turnover, wages, and exposure to political cycles. These findings suggest that the Chilean national bureaucracy is mostly well developed along Weberian lines, though not uniformly so. These measurements also serve as a benchmark for comparing other Latin American bureaucracies in the future.

Determining the Influence of Employee Performance Through Organizing Citizenship Behavior by Analyzing Competency and Compensation

This study aimed to determine the effect of competency and compensation on employee performance through organizing citizenship behavior as an intervening variable at the Bukittinggi Regional Financial Agency. This study's population were all Bukittinggi Regional Finance Agency employees. Meanwhile, the samples were taken from 86 members (all employees of the Bukittinggi Regional Finance Agency) using quantitative techniques. The method of collecting data is through surveys and distributing questionnaires to the public as respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Analysis with Partial Least Square (PLS) is the data analysis technique used. The results obtained were based on the Competency Hypothesis Test. There is a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior at the Bukittinggi City Financial Agency. While the Compensation variable has a positive and significant influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior at the Bukittinggi City Financial Agency. Meanwhile, Competency positively and significantly affects employee performance at the Bukittinggi City Financial Agency.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Permohonan Cuti Berbasis Website

All agency employees have the right to take leave, which is one of their rights and obligations. Many companies still carry out employee leave manually. TELKOM MEDAN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL still uses letters to process employee data. To overcome this problem, an information system was created to manage employee leave. With the Website-Based Employee Leave Application Information System at TELKOM MEDAN Vocational School, designing this website consists of several stages, including interviews, data collection, and data analysis observation. Then, using UML, each component is designed and analyzed.

Professionals' experiences of what affects health outcomes in the sick leave and rehabilitation process-A qualitative study from primary care level.

To explore frontline employees' experiences of how to create a purposeful sick leave and rehabilitation process (SRP) with the best interest of patients' long-term health in focus. Qualitative design based on focus group interviews in a primary care context in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. Strategically selected professionals from different SRP organizations discussed sick leave outcomes and the rehabilitation process. Analysis was performed with Systematic text condensation. General practitioners (n = 6), rehabilitation coordinators and/or healthcare professionals from primary healthcare (n = 13), caseworkers from the Social Insurance Agency, the Employment Agency, and Social Services (n = 12). The outcome of the SRP was described to depend upon the extent to which the process meets patients' bio-psycho-social needs. Aspects considered crucial were: 1) early bio-psycho-social assessments, including medical specialist consultations when needed, 2) long-term realistic planning of sick leave and rehabilitation alongside medical treatment, 3) access to a wide range of early rehabilitative and supportive interventions, including situation-based, non-medical practical problem solving, and 4) trusting relationships over time for all involved professions and roles to maximize process quality and person-centeredness. A gap between the desired scope of the SRP and existing guidelines was identified. Interviewees perceived that successful outcomes from the sick leave and rehabilitation process in a primary care context depend on consensus, person-centeredness, and relationship continuity for all involved professions. An extended process scope and relationship continuity for all involved professionals were suggested to improve process outcomes.

ENHANCING THE PROFESSIONALISM OF CIVIL SERVANTS: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE OECD COUNTRIES

Professionalization of official activities is an important link in the process of strengthening the public service and increasing customer focus in relations between the public and private sectors. Time dictates higher demands on the professional and personal qualities of managers and ordinary employees of gov-ernment agencies. Communication skills, flexibility in decision making, and analytical skills come to the fore. The aim of this article is to study the experience of OECD countries in this area, the main trends in the training and retraining of officials, with the development of recommendations for improving ap-proaches to the professionalization of the state apparatus in Kazakhstan. The study examines and sum-marizes cases from countries such as the UK, USA, Canada, Japan, France, Lithuania, and Australia. In addition to the educational component, the policy of civil servants professionalization within the OECD countries is based on the meritocracy principles, gender equality, and continuous improvement of skills. Overall, the core principles for improving public service in OECD countries are professional, strategic and innovative. The paper concludes with recommendations aimed at advancing the professionalization of Kazakhstan’s state apparatus, drawing on current practices and lessons learned from international best practices.

Achieving Governmental Innovation through Artificial Intelligence Adoption

The study aimed to identify the role of readiness for artificial intelligence (AI) requirements (technical infrastructure, data sets, administrative and organizational readiness, laws and legislations, AI ethics, and societal challenges) in government innovation from the point of view of the employees in Jordanian government agencies. (342) valid questionnaires were collected from employees working at information technology departments of Jordanian government agencies. After analyzing the data, the study concluded that the level of availability of artificial intelligence in Jordanian government agencies is moderate, and the degree of availability of the sub-dimensions of artificial intelligence was moderate, except for two dimensions data sets and legislation, which came within high level. The availability of government innovation is high. The study also found there is a significant effect of artificial intelligence on government innovation in Jordanian government agencies and explained 62% of the variance in government innovation. The study recommended the need to pay attention to the development of artificial intelligence requirements because of continuous development in technology and environment, and to make this a continuous process. In addition, government agencies need to cooperate with public and private sector organizations, build partnerships with them for the benefit of both in developing artificial intelligence, and thus government innovation, and making artificial intelligence and government innovation on the ladder of their priorities and strategic plans.

The ALICE Membership system

With over 2000 active members from 174 institutes over 41 countries in the world, the ALICE experiment is one of the 4 large experiments at CERN. With such numerous interactions, the experiment management needs a way to record members’ participation history and their current status, such as employment, institutes, appointments, clusters and funding agencies, as well as to automatically generate the physics paper author list considering the experiment publication policy. The ALICE Glance Membership system handles all these needs and has been active for more than 8 years, helping the collaboration to organize their data, efficiently. In this document, we describe the new ALICE Glance Membership system, which is the result of breaking the monolithic code of the old version into two well-defined environments. The first is a REST API written in Object-Oriented PHP using the Slim framework to expose the data and Doctrine to access and manage an ORACLE database together with a Domain Driven Design approach to simplify the code architecture, dividing it in smaller self-contained contexts. The second is an HTTP Client written in the Vue.js framework to create a responsive and clean user interface. We will show how these changes have minimised maintenance efforts, lessened new features’ development time, reduced technical depths, facilitated newcomers onboarding and also simplified the user experience.

Literature review: A study of cognitive aspects in minimizing human error in construction

Human error is a mistake due to human negligence, both consciously and unconsciously, which can cause a system to experience disruption and not run as planned. These errors can occur at the managerial, conceptual, or technical level. One of the activities with a high potential for finding human error is construction activities. Construction activities are a series of activities that include the construction, operation, maintenance, demolition, and construction of a building. Infrastructure development is one of the government’s policy focuses in 2023, with development from four main areas: water resources, roads and bridges, settlements, and housing. These infrastructure projects must have a good quality because they are closely related to user safety and security. Based on data from the Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS) Employment and statements from the Ministry of PUPR, the industrial sector is an enormous contributor to work accidents with an average percentage of 32% each year. The human factor is one of the forerunners of human error apart from equipment and working environment conditions. Viewed from the perspective of Cognitive System Engineering, human error is caused by the failure of human cognitive processes where the process is related to Human Information Processing (HIP). This paper will describe and briefly discuss the problem of human error and its relation to Human Information Processing (HIP). This paper will examine various literature and summarize efforts that can be applied to improve the information processing process in the hope of minimizing the occurrence of human error in the scope of construction work.

Exploring travel agencies customers’ loyalty motives throught machine learning analysis

This article focuses on identifying the directions of changes in the decision-making process of purchasing package travels and the motives determining this purchase, as well as the impact of these motives on the affective, behavioral and global loyalty of travel agency customers during the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve the research goal, a literature review and field research were conducted. In the case of secondary sources, the content analysis method was used to examine them, while data from primary sources (N = 1,508) were collected using an indirect survey technique (CAWI). The data analysis was carried out using machine learning – the variable importance method and the random forest algorithm. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that during the period of threat of the COVID-19 virus pandemic, tourist packages had been purchased less frequently, and buyers either had limited their trips to domestic trips or had adapted their travel destinations to the changing pandemic situation. The most important motivators that determined the choice of a travel agency during the COVID-19 pandemic were an attractive offer, a wide selection of package travels, previous positive experiences and trust in the organiser. It was also confirmed that in the face of the pandemic threat, buyers of package travels had been loyal to travel agencies. The use of machine learning allowed for more in-depth analyses and identification of motives that had a key impact on the development of buyer loyalty during the pandemic. The factors identified in the study encouraging buyers of package travels to maintain long-term relationships with their suppliers are belief in the value of the travel agency’s offer, trust in the travel agency, individual approach travel agency employees, efficient service in the travel agency, and a wide selection of package travels.

New Empirical Findings About the Interaction between Public Employment Agency and Private Search Effort

New Empirical Findings About the Interaction between Public Employment Agency and Private Search Effort

Attitudes Towards New Career Approaches among Working Students: A Comparative Analysis with Non-Student Employees

This research sought to explore the new career approaches of employed students. A comparative analysis was conducted with nonstudent employees to comprehensively grasp the novel career attitudes of working students. The neoliberal era has profoundly reshaped various disciplines, including economics, human resource management, and employment structures. Among these changes, career management has undergone a significant transformation. Conventional organisational careers have been supplanted by new approaches such as boundaryless, protean, subjective career success and kaleidoscope careers. These emerging career paradigms align with the emergence of novel forms of employment. Moreover, in an increasingly liberalised world, the rising costs of education and the growing prevalence of paid education are prompting students to enter the workforce while continuing their studies. The proliferation of companies offering part-time employment, such as private employment agencies, corresponds to an increase in students seeking part-time work. In other words, supply and demand within the part-time labour market intersect more robustly. Furthermore, working students gain valuable experience while employed, shaping the future supply of the labour market. Our research aims to assess the suitability of new career approaches for future workers and contributes to unravelling their complexities. The study also investigates whether employees are students and whether this affects their career approaches. To analyse this research, boundaryless career attitude and professional career attitude scales were utilised as assessment tools. These new career approaches represent innovation in careers. The research dataset comprised responses from 521 working students and 374 nonstudent employees, all of whom were actively employed in Istanbul, the most populous city in Turkey and home to many universities. The data analysis employed a quantitative research methodology using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and independent t tests. The findings revealed that working students exhibited significantly greater boundaryless career orientation, organisational mobility, boundaryless mindset, and value-driven career attitudes than did their nonstudent counterparts. The outcomes of this study will make a valuable contribution to the existing body of literature concerning employed students. Furthermore, the findings are anticipated to provide valuable insights into formulating and implementing human resources policies within organisations that engage in student employment practices. By shedding light on the experiences, challenges, and potential areas for improvement in this context, this research aims to inform and enhance the effectiveness of human resource strategies tailored toward working students.