Empirical Component Research Articles

Seasonal Variability of the Deep Western Boundary Current in the Philippine Sea

The deep western boundary current (DWBC) in the Philippine Sea has been expected to play a crucial role in transporting lower circumpolar deep water and to contribute to regional and global climate regulation. Two-year-long near-bottom current measurements reveal a southward-flowing DWBC with a mean velocity of 5 cm/s and seasonal variations—weaker in summer and stronger in winter. Seasonal variability in the DWBC is hypothesized to be induced by changes in the North Equatorial Current bifurcation latitude (NECBL) and upper pycnocline depth through potential vorticity conservation. Data-assimilated reanalysis model (GLORYS12V1) outputs, which reproduce the seasonal variability of DWBC similarly to the observation, are used for further analysis. During the seasonal period, the NECBL displays significant coherence (>0.9) with the first-mode empirical orthogonal function principal component of the simulated along-slope DWBC. The upper pycnocline depth, varying seasonally within a range of approximately 27 m, induces seasonal variability in a deep anticyclonic eddy trapped by topography. In summer, the intensified deep anticyclonic eddy obstructs the adjacent southward-flowing DWBC, weakening its strength, whereas in winter, the southward flow of the DWBC is enhanced due to the weakening of the deep anticyclonic eddy.

Refugees and Online Engagement in Higher Education: A Capabilitarian Model

There are almost 90 million forced migrants around the world, many of whom could benefit from online higher education, and yet there is evidence that displaced people face challenges in online learning environments. This paper reports on a study in the context of a UK university’s master’s-level distance learning program that offers Sanctuary Scholarships to forced migrants. The study’s aims were: (1) to identify practical ways in which higher education institutions can support displaced learners to engage in online learning, and (2) to add to our theoretical understanding of refugees’ and asylum seekers’ engagement in online degree programs. The methodology included a theoretical and an empirical component. In the theoretical analysis, the indicators from Redmond et al.’s (2018) Online Engagement Framework were mapped onto capability lists drawn from the literature on the Capability Approach, generating a set of proposed underpinning capabilities for online engagement. The empirical analysis, which was carried out in parallel, was based on semi-structured interviews with ten online Sanctuary Scholars. Thematic analysis of the empirical data showed how the research participants had enacted behavioral, emotional, cognitive, social, and collaborative engagement and revealed some of the ways in which engagement fueled further engagement, alongside the mediating role of personal agency. When combined with the theoretical analysis, the findings enabled the creation of a capabilitarian online engagement model. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for institutional policies and practices around learning design and delivery to support online engagement among displaced learners, and potentially also among other underrepresented students.

Built Heritage Management Systems: Australia and Germany Compared

A recent, unreported, focus group of international heritage practitioners from academia, urban planning, land use management and urban design, found interesting similarities and differences between Australian and German cultural built heritage (CBH) management systems. For validation, a literature review provided a methodological framework and is reported in this paper. Its objective is to confirm the principal themes elicited by the initial work, being: assessment standards, transferable development rights, heritage conservation incentives and private property rights’ management thereby contributing enhanced clarity to the broader relationship between built heritage and stakeholder roles in heritage conservation. This paper is a precursor of more detailed planned empirical, in-country study seeking further insights into stakeholder interests and value systems based on a recent developed analytical approach known as Cultural Heritage Discourse (CHD). It is recognised that this empirical component is a limiting feature of the current research but anticipated as inevitable due to the preliminary stage of enquiry. Keywords: Conservation of built heritage; cultural heritage discourse; heritage management systems; transferable development rights; Germany and Australia

Acute renal failure and cardiac arrhythmias associated with remdesivir use in patients with COVID-19 infections: Analysis using the US FDA adverse event reporting system.

Recently, antivirals, including remdesivir, have been repurposed to treat COVID-19 infections. Initial concerns have been raised about the adverse renal and cardiac events associated with remdesivir. This study aimed to analyse the adverse renal and cardiac events associated with remdesivir in patients with COVID-19 infections using the US FDA adverse event reporting system. A case/non-case method was used to determine adverse drug events associated with remdesivir as the primary suspect drug between January 1, 2020, and November 11, 2021, for patients with COVID-19 infections. Cases were reports for remdesivir with ≥1 ADEs as preferred terms included in the Medical Dictionary of Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) system organ classes 'Renal and urinary disorders' or 'cardiac' disorders. To measure disproportionality in reporting of ADEs, frequentist approaches, including the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and reporting odds ratio (ROR), were used. The empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean (EBGM) score and information component (IC) value were calculated using a Bayesian approach. A signal was defined as the lower limit of 95% confidence intervals of ROR ≥ 2, PRR ≥ 2, IC > 0, and EBGM > 1 for ADEs with ≥4 reports. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken by excluding reports for non-Covid indications and medications strongly associated with AKI and cardiac arrhythmias. In the main analysis for remdesivir use in patients with COVID-19 infections, we identified 315 adverse cardiac events comprising 31 different MeDRA PTs and 844 adverse renal events comprising 13 different MeDRA PTs. Regarding adverse renal events, disproportionality signals were noted for "renal failure" (ROR = 2.8 (2.03-3.86); EBGM = 1.92 (1.58-2.31), "acute kidney injury" (ROR = 16.11 (12.52-20.73); EBGM = 2.81 (2.57-3.07), "renal impairment" (ROR = 3.45 (2.68-4.45); EBGM = 2.02 (1.74-2.33). Regarding adverse cardiac events, strong disproportionality signals were noted for "electrocardiogram QT prolonged" (ROR = 6.45 (2.54-16.36); EBGM = 2.04 (1.65-2.51), "pulseless electrical activity" (ROR = 43.57 (13.64-139.20); EBGM = 2.44 (1.74-3.33), "sinus bradycardia" (ROR = 35.86 (11.16-115.26); EBGM = 2.82 (2.23-3.53), "ventricular tachycardia" (ROR = 8.73 (3.55-21.45); EBGM = 2.52 (1.89-3.31). The risk of AKI and cardiac arrythmias were confirmed by sensitivity analyses. This hypothesis-generating study identified AKI and cardiac arrhythmias associated with remdesivir use in patients with COVID-19 infections. The relationship between AKI and cardiac arrhythmias should be further investigated using registries or large clinical data to assess the impact of age, genetics, comorbidity, and the severity of Covid infections as potential confounders.

Modeling of heat-hydrodynamic processes in evaporators of low-temperature systems with intrachannel boiling of refrigerants

The introduction of new types of heat exchangers with phase transitions and the solution of problems of optimizing the design and operational characteristics are a priority within the framework of the energy saving program. Known methods for calculating the heat-hydrodynamic parameters of the flow of refrigerants often do not take into account the specifics of boiling processes at low temperatures as well as in channels with a small flow area. This paper presents the results of modeling heat transfer during the boiling of refrigerants in the channels of evaporators of heat and cold energy complexes, taking into account the true flow parameters. The proposed mathematical model of the boiling of the working substance in channels of various shapes is based on the true flow parameters which imply knowledge of the channel cross-sectional areas occupied by each of the phases. The value of the true volumetric steam content provides the most correct modeling of two-phase flows in a wide range of regime and geometric parameters. The paper uses the equations of material and heat balance in combination with the equation of heat transfer from the environment to the boiling refrigerant. The map of flow regimes is used as an empirical component. A program has been developed for calculating the proposed system of equations which is solved iteratively at each time step using the finite volume method. Comparison of calculation results with experimental data on models of round and rectangular channels with intracanal boiling of refrigerants at positive and negative saturation temperatures is performed. It is shown that the calculation error does not exceed 10 % for a round and 20 % for a rectangular flow section. The verification results showed the possibility of using the model in the framework of engineering calculations. The proposed mathematical model can be used as the basis for the calculation programs for existing evaporators and for the creation of new types of heat exchangers with in-tube boiling of the working substance. The proposed method allows optimizing both geometric and thermal-hydrodynamic parameters.

Kant’s Apriorical Idea of Law: Two Ways of its Justification

Kant proposed an apriorical account of the idea of law, according to which the law’s only legitimate goal is to guarantee for each citizen a possibly broad scope of external freedom compatible with the same scope of all other citizens. However, Kant did not make it entirely clear how this idea is to be justified. This paper presents two ways of justification, drawing on Kant’s view of the human nature. The first one appeals to the apriorical components of this view (rationality, freedom, equality, and dignity), and the second one is based on its empirical components (the ambivalent account of human predispositions).

Deformation Information Extraction from Multi-GNSS Coordinate Series Based on EWT-ICA-R

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has been widely used in many deformation monitoring fields in recent years and can achieve centimeter-level or even sub-centimeter-level real-time monitoring accuracy through the carrier phase double-differenced technique. However, this technique cannot eliminate or weaken multipath errors, which become the main error source for GNSS deformation monitoring. Therefore, extracting deformation information from coordinate series mixed with multipath errors has become a key issue for further improving the accuracy of GNSS deformation monitoring. In this paper, we propose an approach to overcome this issue called empirical wavelet transform-independent component analysis with reference (EWT-ICA-R). The specific process is as follows. First, EWT is employed to model the multipath errors from a priori GNSS coordinate series, and the model is input to ICA-R as a reference signal. Then, the GNSS deformation monitoring series mixed with multipath errors and deformation information is decomposed into sub-series of different scales using EWT, and these sub-series are input to ICA-R as multi-channel signals. Finally, ICA-R is used to calculate the input signals together to obtain the multipath errors in the GNSS deformation monitoring series and then subtract the multipath errors from the GNSS deformation monitoring series to obtain accurate deformation information. Experiments show the following: (1) For the vibration deformation experiments, the correlation coefficients between the deformation information extracted by the proposed method and the real values reached 0.981, 0.981, and 0.885 in the E, N, and U directions, respectively, and the corresponding root mean square errors decrease to 0.694 mm, 0.694 mm, 1.852 mm, respectively. (2) For the slow-deformation experiment, the correlation coefficients in the three directions were all higher than 0.98, and the corresponding root mean square errors decrease to 1.345 mm, 1.546 mm, and 3.866 mm, respectively. The experiments verified the feasibility of the proposed method to accurately extract deformation information, which makes it possible to obtain sub-millimeter GNSS deformation information and provide effective technical support for deformation monitoring in related fields.

Przywództwo partyjne a porażka wyborcza – interakcje i współzależności

PARTY LEADERSHIP AND ELECTORAL DEFEAT – INTERACTIONS AND INTERDEPENDENCIES The aim of the article is to examine the nature of the relationship between electoral defeat and the personal stability of party leadership. The theoretical dimension is complemented by a quantitative analysis conducted in 73 European political parties and a qualitative analysis of the post-election situation in Belgium. The empirical component is based on an expert survey and individual in-depth interviews with parliamentarians and representatives of the leadership of Vlaams Belang (VB), Ecolo, Socialistische partij.anders (Sp.a), Parti Socialiste (PS) and Centre démocrate Humaniste (CdH). The findings show that the mere fact of poor parliamentary election results is not a factor that triggers an accelerated leader replacement, although at the same time it is the most common change in European political parties experiencing electoral defeat. What matters for a party’s response to waning electoral support is the systemic context. The Belgian example shows that the loss of votes and parliamentary seats compensated by the possibility to participate in power at different levels of the state reduces the impact of defeat on the personal stability of the party leadership.

Economic Determinants of Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Russian Regions

This article aims to investigate economic factors that determine the mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases in Russian regions. Independent variables are socio-economic factors, including the level of well-being, characteristics of the health care system in the region, level of alcohol consumption as a characteristic of the lifestyle of the population, as well as the directions of state policy for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and alcohol and tobacco control initiatives. These factors are the focus of several social programs currently being implemented in Russia. The objective of this study is to identify the degree of sensitivity of the mortality rate from circulatory system diseases to changes in each of the factors considered. This will help to guide public policies aimed at improving population health.The empirical component of the study is based on the data from the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (for the period from 2005 to 2019), as well as regional budgets and territorial compulsory health insurance funds. Panel data model with fixed effects was evaluated, and the elasticity of mortality from circulatory system diseases to changes in the formed set of factors. The paper shows that an increase in health care costs leads to a decrease in mortality from circulatory system diseases. With that, the sensitivity of this indicator to a one percent change in factors of well-being and lifestyle, including the volume of alcohol consumption, is higher than the sensitivity to a one percent change in health care expenditures. The article revealed the presence of a statistically significant relationship between changes in the legislation, which led to a significant increase in the availability of expensive medical care, and a decrease in mortality from circulatory system diseases. The findings are relevant for those reforming the health care system and can serve as a guideline for developing parameters of government healthcare programs.

Analysis and Modeling of the Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on the Commissioning of Residential Real Estate in Russia

The system of statistical indicators, which is necessary for the construction of mathematical and statistical models that reflect modern domestic trends in the development of the residential real estate market is explained. The official data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System (EMISS), the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (CBR), and the Unified Housing Construction Information System (UIIS) served as information sources for the empirical component of the study.Based on quarterly data for 2010–2021 using ARIMA and SARIMA models, a time series of residential real estate commissions in the Russian Federation was modeled and predicted for 2022. Both models make it possible to account for the influence of the seasonal component. Based on results of the time series regression analysis, the authors selected a mathematical and statistical model with the best approximating characteristics. To model the volume of commissioning of residential real estate in the Russian market, with due regard to the influence of macroeconomic factors, the ARMAX model was used, which has significant explanatory power.The results of the study presented in the article may be of interest to analytical agencies, developers, banking professionals, financiers, economists, analysts of the real estate market or related areas, as well as authorities for strategic planning of the development of the real estate market.

Analysis of the nervous system and gastrointestinal adverse events associated with solifenacin in older adults using the US FDA adverse event reporting system.

Antimuscarinics are the backbone of the pharmacological management of overactive bladder. Still, concerns have been raised over the nervous system (NS) adverse drug events (AEs) due to their dissimilarities to muscarinic receptor-subtype affinities. This study aimed to identify the nervous system and gastrointestinal adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with solifenacin use in older adults (≥65 years). A case/non-case analysis was performed on the reports submitted to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) between 01/01/2004 and 30/06/2020. Cases were reports for solifenacin with ≥1 ADEs as preferred terms included in the Medical Dictionary of Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) system organ classes 'nervous system' or 'gastrointestinal' disorders. Non-cases were all other remaining reports for solifenacin. The case/non-cases was compared between solifenacin and other bladder antimuscarinics. Frequentist approaches, including the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and reporting odds ratio (ROR), were used to measure disproportionality. The empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean (EBGM) score and information component (IC) value were calculated using a Bayesian approach. A signal was defined as the lower limit of 95% confidence intervals of ROR ≥2, PRR ≥2, IC >0, EBGM >1, for ADEs with ≥4 reports. 107 MedDRA preferred terms (PTs) comprising 970 ADE reports were retrieved for nervous system disorders associated with solifenacin. For gastrointestinal disorders, 129 MedDRA PTs comprising 1817 ADE reports were retrieved. Statistically significant results were found for 'altered state of consciousness': ROR = 9.71 (2.13-44.35), PRR = 9.69 (2.12-44.2) and IC = 1.29 (0.93-1.66). The disproportionality reporting of 'altered state of consciousness', a previously unidentified ADE, was unexpected. Further monitoring of this ADE is needed to ensure patient safety, as this could be linked to poor balance and falls in older adults.

A Deep-Learning-Based Method for Correction of Bone-Induced CT Beam-Hardening Artifacts

The x-ray attenuation coefficients generally decrease as the x-ray energy increases, which leads to beam hardening artifacts in CT. Due to the difference of dependence of the attenuation coefficients on energy for soft tissue and bone in human body, a simple water precorrection procedure was unable to correct the bone-induced artifacts. Conventional empirical beam hardening correction (EBHC) method reply on empirical image segmentation and data combination processes and may not be able to fully correct the artifacts. We developed a physics-driven deep learning-based method, which followed the workflow of the EBHC method, but replaced the empirical components of the EBHC method with neural networks. Numerical experiments were performed to validate the proposed method and benchmark its performance with the EBHC method and the end-to-end training strategies based on two popular neural networks, i.e., U-net and RED-CNN. Results demonstrate that the proposed method achieved the best performance in both qualitative and quantitative aspects.

Determinants, standards and principles of cooperation between the Polish Financial Supervision Authority and selected stakeholders of the state security system

The aim of the article is to analyze determinants, standards and principles of co-operation between the Polish Financial Supervision Authority and selected stakeholders of the state security system. This is especially important in the context of the dynamic development of the financial market, challenges resulting from the computerization of this market in the era of pandemics and the geopolitical situation related to the war in Ukraine. Authors accepted the hypothesis that the effectiveness of cooperation of entities responsible for state security depends, on the one hand, on the proper legal basis, and on the other hand, on soft factors such as mutual trust, community of goals and competence of employees of public institutions and officers. The article is a review with a theoretical and empirical component. The doctrine and legal acts were analyzed, and also empirical material collected during the research process was analyzed. For the purposes of the considerations, the dogmatic-legal method and the analysis of source materials of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority were used.

The modified relaxation plasticity model and the non-monotonic stress–strain diagram

The constitutive models at high loading rates are usually investigated by introducing additional and empirical rate-dependent components into classical models initially developed for quasi-static cases. In addition, the dynamic stress–strain curves of many materials are non-monotonic. The yield drop phenomenon can be observed in series of experiments and often neglected in the simulation of stress–strain diagrams. The structural-temporal approach proposed by Petrov and Morozov provides a new viewpoint for understanding the dynamic response of materials. They indicate that in the limit case of low-rate loading it transfers into the classical quasi-static models by neglecting certain insignificant components. This work aims to derive a constitutive model from the structural-temporal approach rather than using a direct empirical fitting approach. In this paper, the incremental version of the relaxation plasticity model (IRP model) is introduced within the framework of the structural-temporal approach. Possible model scenarios are discussed and compared with the well-known Johnson–Cook model. Theoretical results under uniaxial loading conditions are obtained and compared with experimental data for the aluminium alloy 6082-T6, API 5L X70 steel, titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V, and aluminium alloy 2519A. It is shown that the IRP model describes the non-monotonic behaviour of the stress–strain relationship and performs better than the Johnson–Cook model for mentioned materials.

Component processes in task switching: cue switch costs are dependent on a mixed block of trials

ABSTRACT People are slower when shifting than repeating tasks (switch cost). A considerable portion of the switch cost is due to the possibility of a shift in a mixed block where switches are possible (mixing cost), and to processing a cue that signals a task change (cue switch cost). We use an online sample (n = 12,533) and double cuing paradigm to examine the independent and interactive effects of cue switch costs and mixing costs. All effects were significant, with medium effects for cue changes (ηp 2 = 0.06) and task changes (ηp 2 = 0.10), a large effect for block context (ηp 2 = 0.37), and a small block by cue interaction (ηp 2 = 0.04) indicating that the role of the cue depends on the possibility of a switch. These findings offer empirical completeness by measuring the cue change in both blocks of a switching paradigm. The integrative approach quantifies how separable empirical components contribute to the overall switch cost.

Magnet® Empirical Outcomes: Key Strategies to Improve Sustainability.

Healthcare organizations are challenged to demonstrate sustainability of quality outcomes within an ever-changing healthcare environment. The Magnet® model and empirical outcomes component provides a framework for demonstrating improvements in quality outcomes and is a foundation for creating professional nursing care environments to support sustainability. Within this high-performing professional nursing care environment, nursing leaders are able to engage in key strategies to enhance sustainability of quality outcomes once achieved.

Preparation of future specialists in civil engineering: innovative standards for future education

The main vector of professional activity of specialists in the field of civil engineering is the improvement of living conditions in society. Realizing the importance of this sphere. To support the economy and competitive ability of the country, we seek to assess ways to improve the qualification capabilities of future specialists in this field. The actual modernization of the educational process and the use of innovative standards will contribute to the improvement of engineering education and, consequently, the professional activities of the latter. This article presents an analysis of the leading innovative standards in education and their specifics in the context of Jordanian higher education. The deductive-axiomatic method was applied in processing this topic: a fragmentation of the subject under study (the problem of distance learning, analysis of the latest teaching methods, trends in Europeanization of academic education, the problem of educational institutions management and interdisciplinary training of future specialists) was carried out. Besides, using the methods of abstraction and concretization, it was possible to form a model for improving the efficiency of the educational process for future civil engineering specialists. The empirical component of the study consists of a closed questionnaire survey. The method of student learning assessment (SET) was used. According to the results of the conducted research work, it can be noted that an effective direction of development for engineering education in Jordan is the formation of a new methodological basis and mastering of digital technologies. The European system of academic interaction, according to which decentralization trends are necessary, should serve as a reference point for educators. Recommendations on how to integrate certain elements into the existing system of professional training of civil engineers are presented.

Functional forecasting of dissolved oxygen in high‐frequency vertical lake profiles

AbstractPredicting dissolved oxygen (DO) in lakes is important for assessing environmental conditions as well as reducing water treatment costs. High levels of DO often precede toxic algal blooms, and low DO causes carcinogenic metals to precipitate during water treatment. Typically, DO is predicted from limited data sets using hydrodynamic modeling or data‐driven approaches like neural networks. However, functional data analysis (FDA) is also an appropriate modeling paradigm for measurements of DO taken vertically through the water column. In this analysis, we build FDA models for a set of profiles measured every 2 hours and forecast the entire DO percent saturation profile from 2 to 24 hours ahead. Functional smoothing and functional principal component analysis are applied first, followed by a vector autoregressive model to forecast the empirical functional principal component (FPC) scores. Rolling training windows adapt to seasonality, and multiple combinations of window sizes, model variables, and parameter specifications are compared using both functional and direct root mean squared error metrics. The FPC method outperforms a suite of comparison models, and including functional pH, temperature, and conductivity variables improves the longer forecasts. Finally, the FDA approach is useful for identifying unusual observations.

Analyzing forest policy mixes based on the coherence of policies and the consistency of legislative policy instruments: A case study from Ecuador

Due to widespread over-exploitation, tropical forests became a priority issue on the political agenda in the 1990s. Policy frameworks incorporating forest aspects in different policy sectors and building on existing structures have been implemented in many tropical countries. This poses challenges to policy design, including the consistency of policy instruments and policy instrument mixes. Such instruments need to be coherently integrated across various policy domains affecting forests. The Ecuadorian government has been striving for improved policy design by adjusting the policies and policy instruments over time, considering the multifunctionality of forests and the maintenance of the related ecosystem services. This study aims to amend methodologies of existing policy analysis in tropical forestry, taking into account the increasing complexity of the forest policy domain and applying this in a case study in Ecuador. We present an approach that links overarching sectoral policies with policy instruments and considers structures (mainly objectives and contents of the policy mix), actors and their interactions. The work is based on two empirical components: a qualitative content analysis of policy documents, and key informant interviews. Results for the case of Ecuador show a formally largely coherent and consistent forest policy framework. Challenges are mainly related to institutional responsibilities. The stakeholder perceptions deviate from the results of the content analysis. These deviations are interpreted as being based on specific values and beliefs. We conclude that policy development and design need to take into account these stakeholder perceptions. Based on the key informant interviews, we also highlight challenges, provide recommendations for specific thematic policy areas in Ecuador, and conclude that a specific focus needs to be kept on implementation.

Linguosemiotic aspects of idiomatics: vectors of cognitive modeling and didactic perspectives

Introduction. The use of various types of models for solving linguodidactic problems as a crucial object of analysis in linguistics and linguodidactics is considered by modern scientists from various points of view. The aim of the study is to identify and substantiate the potential of cognitive modeling in the construction of an idealized cognitive model (using the example of a prototypical scenario of risk situation) and to analyze the didactic potential of cognitive modeling in order to optimize strategies for mastering a foreign language, in particular, phraseological corpus Materials and methods. The integration of theoretical and empirical components predetermined the methodology used, including the method of continuous sampling of material (French idioms of risk) from authentic sources, the method of interpretation, the method of comparative analysis. Research results. A prototypical scenario of risk situation is proposed and formalized by means of an idealized cognitive model. Each subframe is illustrated by a cluster of relevant idioms, the list of which is open. The authors describe the idealized cognitive model of risk situation developed by them through the prism of its didactic potential. Using the example of a fragment of the corpus of French phraseology, it is shown that cognitive modeling contributes to optimization of the study of vocabulary, in particular, phraseology. The specific tasks proposed demonstrate the implementation of the constructive modeling functions of the suggested scheme with a focus on the correlation of the formal and substantive aspects of the language material. Conclusion. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the integration of the theoretical concept – the proposed idealized cognitive model – and the practical strategy of its application in linguodidactics and, in a broader perspective, in humanitarian education in general. The open nature of the model makes it possible to use it for other fragments of the lexical fund of both French and other foreign languages.