Emotional Coping Research Articles

Influence of Emotional Maturity and Resilience in Coping among Parents of Kids with Autism and Intellectual Disability

Background: Because parenting includes a significant transformation in individuals' lives and comes with obligations, coping mechanisms are essential. As a result, while considering the stage of parenting a special-needs child, carers must show much more tolerance and develop effective coping mechanisms to meet rising expectations. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the influence of emotional maturity and resilience on coping and to find the significant difference in emotional maturity, resilience and coping among parents of children with autism and intellectual disability in terms of gender, residence and nature of disability associated with their children. Materials and Methods: The final sample comprises of 246 participants who were parents of children with autism and intellectual disability who belongs to Thendral Vidyala School, Madurai and near by schools. The above mentioned samples were administered with Emotional Maturity Scale, Resilience Scale for Adults and Brief - Cope scale along with the acquisition of certain socio-demographic variables. Results: The results shows that there is significant positive relationship between variables emotional maturity and resilience. Likewise, there is an inverse relationship between emotional maturity and coping & resilience and coping. The study also suggest that there is differences in coping in terms of gender and resilience in terms of nature of disability associated with their children among parents of children with autism and intellectual disability.

The relationship among career self-efficacy, negative emotion regulation expectancies, coping, and emotional experience of college student athletes

The relationship among career self-efficacy, negative emotion regulation expectancies, coping, and emotional experience of college student athletes

Measuring effectiveness of AI-based virtual service assistants by user mental health improvement: A research agenda

This paper argues that traditional performance measures of artificial intelligence (AI)-based virtual service assistants (VSAs) fall short of capturing the human-like attributes of VSAs, their influences on human partners, and hence a VSA’s true potential. The current study suggests that the effectiveness of VSAs can be measured by examining the variables related to mental health improvements of the consumers or human partners as a direct result of their conversations, companionship and engagement with the VSAs. The paper presents a research agenda, highlighting the role of perceived leadership of the AI-based VSAs, consumer engagement with VSAs and the subsequent social support of the VSAs to their consumers. It suggests that the aforementioned will result in the enhancement of a variety of coping skills such as problem solving, emotional and time-focused coping, and a subsequent overall increase of trust in AI-based VSAs among their consumers.

Stress coping strategies of Iranian healthcare staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed healthcare staff to mental distress. Given the importance of applying effective strategies to cope with stress caused by COVID-19, this study aimed to assess the stress-coping strategies of Iranian healthcare providers. This cross-sectional study was performed through a web-based survey. Data collection was done online using a demographic data questionnaire and the short form of Endler and Parker’s coping inventory. The mean scores of task-oriented strategies (27.06 ± 5.13) were higher than avoidance-oriented (19.42 ± 5.77) and emotion-oriented strategies (18.45 ± 5.76), and the healthcare workers mainly used task-oriented styles to cope with COVID-19-related stress. There was a significant difference between the score of task-oriented strategy in terms of age groups (P < 0.001), work experience (P = 0.018), level of education (P < 0.001), having children (P = 0.002), and type of hospital (P = 0.028). The score of task-oriented strategies was lower in employees who were in the age group of 20–30 years and had less than 10 years of work experience, and it was higher in employees who had children, worked in private hospitals, and had a master's degree or higher. The score of emotion-oriented strategies in the age group of 51–60 years was significantly lower than other age groups (P < 0.01) and was significantly higher in employees with a bachelor's degree than those with a master's degree or higher (P = 0.017). There was no significant difference between the scores of avoidance-oriented strategies and any socio-demographic variables. According to the findings of this study, young and less experienced employees were more inclined to utilize emotion-oriented coping styles. Therefore, considering appropriate training programs for these employees to apply effective coping strategies is extremely important.

Psychopathological risk in a sample of immigrant preadolescents in Italy.

Aim of the study was to collect information about emotional features in a sample of immigrant preadolescents in order to identify traits of emotional fragility or psychopathological risk factors. The sample consists of 1206 preadolescents (180 immigrants, 1026 Italian natives) attending the third year of the middle schools. In order to assess anxiety levels and the presence of depressive symptoms the Self-Administered Psychiatric Scale (SAFA-A) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were administered. Coping strategies and behavior problems were evaluated by the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS) and the Youth Self Report scale (YRS). All teachers filled out the Teacher's Report Form (TRF). Parents were asked to fill out a form on social-demographic features and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Immigration resulted a risk factor for development of anxiety (OR=0.702), depression (OR=0.644), internalizing problems (OR=0.685), behavior problems (OR=0.622) and total problems (OR=0.719). Teachers observed more behavior problems and lower competences in immigrants than natives. Immigrants relied significantly more often on emotion-oriented coping strategies to resolve stressful situation than natives (P=0.045). Analyzing the immigrants' sample, second generation children reported significantly higher levels in total competence (school, activity and relationship) than first generation ones (P≤00.1); on the contrary there were no significant differences between the two groups concerning other behavioral and emotional problems or the preferred coping style. Natives' families reported significantly higher levels of perceived support than immigrant ones. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that preadolescent immigrants are more at risk for psychopathological risk factors than native peers.

여성 소방공무원의 감정노동 경험과 대처에 대한 질적연구

This is a phenomenological study in which seven female firefighters, who experienced emotional labor while performing public services like accident investigation and rescue, were interviewed about their difficulties, psychology and coping, and desires for institutional improvement due to emotional labor and violence during work. This study derived two categories, four theme clusters, and the following ten themes: “An emotional trash can that is required to be unconditionally kind,” “Violence and profanity from citizens flying out of nowhere,” “Female firefighters are seen as weak and unworthy,” “Female firefighters face discrimination even within the organization,” “Doubt and frustration about my job,” “Repeated anxiety and fear,” “My way of shaking off emotional labor” “Emotional labor coping system established within the organization,” “Slowly but surely changing atmosphere within the organization,” and “The beginning of a step toward a better environment.” This study’s findings provide several clinical, policy, and practical implications for creating safe working environments for women firefighters.

0324 Protective and Risk Factors for Insomnia Over 5 Years in a Population-Based Sample of Adults

Abstract Introduction Insomnia is a major public health concern and one of the most prevalent health issues among adults. Identifying protective and risk factors for insomnia could help identify vulnerable populations and design public health interventions to prevent some adverse medical and mental health consequences. The study objective was to identify protective and risk factors for insomnia in a population-based sample of adults. Methods Data is from a large epidemiological cohort study on the natural course of insomnia conducted in Canada before the COVID-19 pandemic. Insomnia and potential protective and risk factors for insomnia were measured annually over 5 years with validated questionnaires (e.g., Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test, Arousal Predisposition Scale, Life Experiences Survey). Risk factors for insomnia were divided as predisposing or precipitating factors. Results From a cohort of 3,413 participants 1,709 adults were identified as good sleepers at baseline and were included in the analyses. A total of 202 people developed an insomnia syndrome during the 5-year follow-up. Using survival analysis for discrete events, the following variables were significant predisposing factors for insomnia: anxiety (HR=1.037; p=0.018), depression (HR=1.082; p&amp;lt; 0.001), perceived stress (HR=1.073; p&amp;lt; 0.001), number of negative life events (HR=1.478; p=0.02), perceived worse general health (HR=1.606; p=0.006), pain (HR=1.475; p=0.002), vulnerability to stress (HR=1.089; p&amp;lt; 0.001), and maladaptive emotional coping (HR=1.044; p&amp;lt; 0.001). The following variables were identified as precipitating factors for insomnia: loss of income (HR=1.346; p=0.03), increased anxiety (HR=1.070, p&amp;lt; 0.001), depression (HR=1.119; p&amp;lt; 0.001) and perceived stress (HR=1.083; p=0.001), decline in perceived general health (HR=2.061; p=0.006), and increased pain (HR=1.353; p=0.013). Physical activity was not a significant protective factor for insomnia (p=0.54). Conclusion These results provide new information that could be helpful to prevent the onset and chronicity of insomnia by targeting specific precipitating factors, and people with predisposing factors for insomnia. This is important as insomnia tends to be a persistent condition and is known to increase adverse medical and mental health outcomes. Support (if any) This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

Coping Strategies as a Moderator for the Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Transgender Women.

Evidence suggests that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with negative mental health outcomes. There is currently limited research on the impact of IPV on the outcomes of mental health for transgender women. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between intimate partner violence, coping skills, depression, and anxiety in a sample of transgender women. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted examining the relationship of IPV and depression and anxiety symptoms, where coping skills moderate this relationship. The results suggest that those with experiences of IPV are more likely to have symptoms of depression and anxiety. For individuals with no experiences of IPV and low depression, high levels of emotional processing coping and acceptance coping buffered this relationship. For individuals with more experiences of IPV and more depressive symptoms, coping skills did not show to buffer this relationship. These same coping skills did not show evidence for buffering anxiety symptoms for transgender women with low or high levels of IPV. The results, implications, and limitations of this study and suggestions for further research are discussed.

Deluge, Pain, Agony, and Survival: Decoding Disaster’s Adversities

This article aimed to explore the experiences of deluge victims in Iligan City following Typhoon Sending using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants, and the data were analyzed using IPA. The study found that the flood had a significant psychological and emotional impact on the participants, with several key themes and patterns emerging from the IPA analysis. These included the impact on emotional well-being, coping strategies, and patterns of adaptation and adjustment among Iligan City’s Sending Survivors. The coping strategies employed by the participants highlighted the importance of social support and community engagement in disaster recovery. The patterns of adaptation and adjustment observed among the participants suggest the potential for personal growth and development following a traumatic event. The study has implications for practitioners and policymakers involved in disaster response and recovery, and highlights the need for continued research and support for individuals and communities affected by natural disasters.

Study of mediating effect of interpersonal relationship and emotional coping ability in the relationship between emotional intelligence and wellness of nursing professionals

Study of mediating effect of interpersonal relationship and emotional coping ability in the relationship between emotional intelligence and wellness of nursing professionals

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and previous natural disasters on the mental health of healthcare workers in Puerto Rico.

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic worries (e.g., fear of contagion) and previous exposure to natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes) on Healthcare Workers (HCWs) mental health in Puerto Rico. Participants completed a self-administered online survey including items on sociodemographic information, working conditions, fears, and worries about the COVID-19 pandemic, past natural disaster experiences, depressive symptoms, and resilience. Logistic regressions models were performed to explain the relationship between depressive symptomatology and COVID-19 experiences and worries. 40.9% (n = 107) of the sample were classified as having some level (mild to severe) of depressive symptomatology (PHQ-8 ≥5). Results reflect normal to high levels of psychological resilience (BRS; M = 3.7, SD = 0.7). A significant association was found between depressive symptomatology and psychological resilience (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25-0.77). The odds of having depressive symptomatology were almost five times higher (OR = 4.79, 95% CI: 1.71-13.44) among those who reported emotional coping difficulties during the pandemic after experiencing a natural disaster compared to those that did not, when adjusting for psychological resilience and residence region. Despite normal to high psychological resilience levels, HCWs who reported emotional coping difficulties due to previous disasters were at risk of developing depressive symptomatology. Results suggest interventions to address the mental health of HCWs could benefit from considering other individual and environmental factors beyond resilience. Findings could inform future interventions to promote HCWs' well-being before, during, and after a natural disaster or pandemic outbreak.

Phoenix rising: Rebounding to venture again post firm-failure

Despite extant literature on a failed firm owner's coping, learning, and emotional functioning, very little is known about how once bankrupted B2B entrepreneurs rebound to venture again and develop capabilities like antifragility. Drawing on antifragility as a lens, we explore how UK B2B firm owners bounce back from bankruptcy and external crises to pursue successful ventures. Empirically, we examine the retrospective accounts of 20 formerly bankrupted UK-based entrepreneurs who overcame their adversity to venture again. Our study suggests that emotional and reflective coping strategies are key to developing the business owners' internal attributional style towards their failure, which in turn help them to cultivate what we term antifragility as an ‘entrepreneurial competence’. This capability prompts long-term learning behaviours which generate deep insights into exploring and exploiting opportunities and limits otherwise overlooked by others to restart a new venture. Emphasizing the role of dealing with emotions associated with failure and coping with uncertainties, our study provides nuanced insight into how once bankrupted B2B entrepreneurs overcome a firm demise to rebound to venture again and learn in the long-term. Implications for entrepreneurial re-entry post-failure are explored.

The Meaning of Online Social Work Education for Students and Faculty during COVID-19: Between Preservation and Change

Abstract Academic online social work (SW) education has developed over the decades, fully transitioning to it following the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies have examined the emotional responses, coping strategies and resilience of faculty and students to this transition. Our aim is to examine online education experiences and their meaning for faculty and SW students following the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed based on principles of thematic analysis. Interviewees included fifteen SW students and fifteen faculty members at schools of SW (n = 30) from universities and colleges throughout Israel, who also participated in a quantitative survey addressing online SW education. Findings include two themes: (i) Between the illusion of intimacy and the illusion of anonymity: Is it so? (ii) Experiences of difficulty, acceptance and choice relating to online education interactions. Both themes refer to interpersonal dimensions of communication and contact between faculty and students and among students. The desire to preserve a traditional education format versus openness to the online platform is discussed using critical reflexivity. Alternative education programmes combining the two should be developed. The unique and deceptive interplay between intimacy and anonymity in the online space should be considered in courses relying on interpersonal interaction and self-disclosure.

Diagnostics of psychological flexibility and the ability to cope with the inevitable changes among psychology students.

The study concerns the question of how much the emotional competence and the ability to cope with problems in one's own personality increase in the process of professional psychological education, for which students of different years of study were tested. The aim of this study is to deeply diagnose various components of psychological flexibility and the ability to cope with unexpected events among psychology students. The study involved 30 students from 1 to 4 years of university grade level participated into study, divided into 4 equal groups from. Based on testing various aspects of psychological flexibility, emotional intelligence test (EQ test), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and D.V. Lyusin emotional intelligence instrument (Emin) were used; it was tested using Student's t-test and Kruskal-Wallis H-test to evaluate differences between three or more samples simultaneously. As a result of the study, the significant differences between all groups of participants and between the assessment of individual factors of psychological flexibility in different groups was accepted. Each of the groups demonstrated its specific characteristics of the relationship between emotional competence and coping with stress. Comparison of the results of students from different years of study showed that psychological education does not have a significant effect on emotional intelligence as an indicator of emotional flexibility, but positively affects the development of coping with stress, although in predominantly passive forms. The practical application of the research lies in improving psychology students' learning; the research results can be used as methods for determining psychological flexibility factors that require development in study groups.

Significance of Post-Traumatic Growth and Mental Health for Coping in Multiple Sclerosis Caregivers.

We investigated the influence of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and mental health (MH) on multiple sclerosis (MS) caregivers' uses of coping strategies and identified biopsychosocial predictors of proactive or reactive coping. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PGI-21), Brief COPE Questionnaire (COPE-28), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used to evaluate 209 caregivers. Higher PTG was related to greater use of emotional support, positive reframing, religion, active coping, instrumental support, planning, denial, self-distraction, self-blaming, and venting. Better MH was associated with greater use of acceptance, while behavioral disengagement and self-distraction were associated with poorer MH. The PTG dimensions relating to others and new possibilities, SF-12 dimensions of physical and emotional roles as well as partnership, not living with the patient, and significant others' social support were predictors of proactive coping. Reactive coping was positively predicted by the PTG dimension relating to others, depression, vitality, other than partner relation, and physical role, and negatively predicted by mental health level and emotional role. In summary, higher MH was associated with proactive coping strategies, whereas post-traumatic growth was related to the use of a wide range of proactive coping as well as reactive coping strategies.

Adolescent Stress, Psychological Distress and Well-Being: A Gender Analysis

Adolescents’ mental health and well-being is a public health concern. We examined gender differences in stress, psychological distress and well-being and predictors of distress and well-being in adolescent boys and girls. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 954 Spanish adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years was conducted. All participants were assessed through questionnaires that measure psychological distress, eudaimonic well-being, life satisfaction, stress, coping styles, masculine/instrumental and feminine/expressive traits, self-esteem and social support. We find that girls scored higher than boys in psychological distress, chronic stress, minor daily hassles, social support, eudaimonic well-being and in feminine-expressive trait whereas boys scored higher than girls in detachment coping style and in masculine-instrumental trait. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the most relevant variable in the psychological distress of both girls and boys was higher emotional coping style, followed by higher number of life events during the previous year. The most relevant variables in boys’ and girls’ psychological well-being were higher self-esteem and social support. Higher scores in rational coping style and in masculine/instrumental trait were also important predictors of eudaimonic well-being in adolescent boys and girls. Furthermore, in boys, older age was associated with greater distress and lower well-being and life satisfaction, while, as for the girls, a smaller number of life events and greater emotional coping style were associated with lower eudaimonic well-being and life satisfaction. Results are relevant for the design of policies and programs aimed at promoting mental health and well-being in adolescence.

Self-injury and viral challenges among adolescents

The use of the internet to search for information or share images about self-harm is an emerging risk among young people. Additionally, viral challenges involving engaging in physical self-harm and posting it on the internet are becoming increasingly prevalent. This conference analyzed the prevalence of online self-harm and viral challenges, as well as differences by gender and age. The relationship between online self-harm and intrapersonal factors (depression and anxiety) and interpersonal factors (family cohesion, social resources) were also examined. A sample of 1,877 adolescents (946 females) between the ages of 12 and 17 (mean age = 13.41, SD = 1.255) who completed self-report measures were evaluated. According to the results obtained, it was presented that 11% of adolescents had engaged in some form of online self-harm. Prevalence was significantly higher among females and adolescents over the age of is Depression and anxiety increased the risk of online self-harm, while family cohesion was a protective factor against it. In summary, the presentation emphasized that the use of the internet to share or seek information about self-harm is a problem that involves a significant proportion of adolescents. Online risk prevention programs should include emotional regulation, coping, and resilience skills to reduce the potential negative consequences of these behaviors.

Effects of Resilience Training on Resilient Functioning in Chronic Stress Situations among Cadets of the Swiss Armed Forces.

Research on resilient functioning has gained increasing interest, and some recent studies interpreted resilience in the sense of resilient functioning to stress. In the present study, we investigated the associations between resilient functioning and coping strategies, stress reactivity, self-efficacy, and well-being, and we examined whether resilient functioning could be improved through a training intervention. The participants were 110 male cadets from two infantry officers' schools of the Swiss Armed Forces. The schools were divided into an intervention and control group. The participants in the intervention group took part in the resilience training intervention, whereas the participants in the control group performed military training as usual. Data were assessed before and after the intervention period. Results showed that resilient functioning was positively associated with task-oriented coping and well-being and negatively associated with emotion-oriented coping and stress reactivity. Furthermore, resilient functioning significantly improved in the intervention group from pre- to post-intervention. The results suggested that specific interventions have the power to increase resilient functioning.

The role of men’s forgiveness in marital satisfaction and coping strategies of infertile iranian women

BackgroundInfertility and its related problems create tensions in infertile women, which may lead to reduced marital satisfaction and the use of ineffective coping strategies. Considering the important role of forgiveness, marital satisfaction and effective coping strategies in the quality of life of infertile couples, and taking into account the growing number of Iranian infertile couples, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between men’s forgiveness, marital satisfaction, and coping strategies of infertile Iranian women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 200 Iranian infertile couples. The research environment was the most equipped infertility center in the west of Iran. Sampling was continuous. Data collection tools used included a self-generated demographic and fertility questionnaire, the Family Forgiveness Scale (FFS), the Index of Marital Satisfaction (IMS), and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire-revised (WOCQ-R).ResultsHusbands’ forgiveness had a significant direct relationship with the marital satisfaction of infertile women (r = -0.27, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between Husbands’ forgiveness, emotion-focused, and problem-focused coping of infertile women. Among the subscales of forgiveness, only the subscale of recognition had inversely correlated with the emotional coping of infertile women.ConclusionThe results showed that the higher the forgiveness of husbands, the higher the marital satisfaction of infertile women. Also, with the increase of husbands’ forgiveness in the recognition subscale, the use of emotion-focused coping decreased in infertile women. Based on the results with empowering the husbands of infertile women with forgiveness skills, it is possible to take a step towards marital satisfaction and thus improve the quality of life of infertile women.

Psychosocial Support Interventions for Children During Ongoing War in Ukraine: A Pilot Study

Introduction:This presentation describes an initiative to provide psychosocial support to children in Ukraine during the ongoing war using a children’s storybook, coloring book, and activity book. The resources promote emotion identification, self-expression, coping skills, and social support–variables with empirical support in promoting children’s mental health in response to trauma.Method:The book: “An Unusual Situation” is a bibliotherapy intervention for children struggling with difficult situations. By identifying with the characters, children learn about their own struggles, they learn that other children share similar concerns, and learn important coping skills.The book was translated into Ukrainian and Russian; supplementary materials including a coloring book, activity book and a guidebook were developed. Following a three-hour training, Ukrainian mental health professionals worked with children on the materials in their respective wartime settings.Results:Results of the following research questions will be presented: 1)How do mental health professionals working with children in Ukraine utilize the associated book resources measured by a survey and completed by the professionals engaged in the project.2)What do children who use these resources report about their experiences coping with the ongoing war, measured by: a)Collecting children’s responses in the activity book.b)Surveying the mental health professionals about their observations of the children during the intervention process.3)Does the intervention reduce children’s distress, interpersonal functioning, or problematic behaviors, measured by pre-post scores on the Youth Outcome Questionnaire 2.0.Conclusion:This pilot study will provide information to guide the implementation of a broad psychosocial support intervention for children living in the setting of the ongoing war in Ukraine. Conclusions to be presented include: 1)Tailoring the intervention to the current needs of Ukrainian children2)Designing a wide-scale implementation plan tailored to Ukrainian mental health professionals’ recommendations3)Addressing barriers to implementation.