Emotional Strength Research Articles

Finding purpose of life through K’aat-Kaizen in higher education institution’s students: a mixed study in Mexico

PurposeThe educational environment in the twenty-first century has evolved by leaps and bounds in the last four years after COVID-19 pandemic. The concern of quality of student’s learning has increased in the last few years derived from the international accreditations and the global competitive environment among the same, some reasons why student learning have decreased have been stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia and eating disorder in different countries as Spain, Mexico and England. In this manner, theoretical frameworks of Individual Kaizen such as the Japanese Ikigai (reason for being in life) or the Mexican and Latin American K’aat-Kaizen (purpose and vision of life) seem that they help this environment. The purpose of this research is to explore how the Kaizen individual model as is the K’aat-Kaizen can help HEIs students in Mexico to find a possible purpose of life that helps them to improve their learning in their university careers.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of the study was mixed, a quantitative questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were developed and a K’aat-Kaizen Report diary was applied to a group of third and fourth year university students of International Business at the University of the Americas Puebla in Mexico (Private University).FindingsAccording to the results of the mixed research, it is feasible to indicate that an individual Kaizen framework (K’aat-Kaizen) can be applied to undergraduate students of a HEI with positive results. The theoretical sample of 12 students (male and female) allowed to observe a quantitative and qualitative progress of the K’aat-Kaizen framework in its pillars that behaved as vectors of emotional strength. Finally, another important conclusion is that the K’aat-Kaizen brought the students into an environment of harmony (without stress) in the classroom and while they learn they discover their purpose in life, having quality of life in their university environment.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has several limitations, one of them, is the fact that this is a first approach to applying K’aat-Kaizen and that much more research work is needed with a larger sample, and although we have Mexican and French students, it is necessary to extend it to a wider range of samples both in other Mexican universities and abroad. Finally, although mixed research is robust, it is required to work on more data collection methods, maybe a longitudinal approach to see results over time, because with little time it was not possible to identify the mushin-no-shin (do tasks without thinking) in the students.Originality/valueFirst article exploring the implementation of an individual Kaizen framework (the K’aat-Kaizen) to help students find a life purpose to enhance their learning and classroom experience.

Understanding the Impact of YouTube Videos on Parents of Children with Developmental Delay and Disabilities

Children go through several developmental milestones at an early age. When a child becomes slow or cannot even reach one or more of these milestones compared to other typically developing children, that condition is called Developmental Delays and Disabilities (DDDs). Children's DDDs create much parental stress, resulting in social isolation and loneliness. YouTubers make videos on DDDs to assist parents and other caregivers. We need to gain more knowledge of how these videos are created and how much they impact the parents of children with DDDs. We followed a mixed-method approach to annotate and analyze 1,532 YouTube videos on children's DDDs. Our analysis found that YouTube videos on DDDs support the community with critical informational content and provide mental and emotional strength through content related to personal experiences. Our analysis of the comments in these videos explored how YouTubers and viewers created a strong community connection through these video content. Most importantly, the interviews with the parents of children with DDDs revealed how parents find these videos relatable and critical for taking necessary actions for their children's DDDs diagnosis and follow-up treatments. We concluded by discussing platform-centric design implications for supporting parents and other caregivers of children with DDDs.

Unveiling Resilience, Self-confidence, Oppression & Hope: A Transitivity Analysis of Maya Angelou’s poem, “Still I’ll Rise”

This research presents the transitivity analysis of the poem "Still I'll Rise" with a standpoint that the poetess has used an array of experiential metafunctions to communicate tenacity, resilience, self-confidence and hope. It employs Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics model as theoretical framework and Transitivity analysis as analytical framework. For analyzing the text, 38 clauses were extracted from the Angelou’s poem, “Still I’ll Rise” and these clauses were further broken down into process, process types, participants and circumstance, in order to examine experiential meaning. The findings reveal that the poem predominantly employs material and mental processes, which together account for over 75% of the total clauses, highlighting the poetess’s actions, thoughts, and emotional responses. Material processes, comprising 17 clauses, are central to portraying the poetess’s defiance and determination to rise above oppression. These processes symbolize her agency and resilience, vividly depicted through metaphors such as "dust" and "a black ocean." Mental processes in 15 clauses, reflect the speaker's inner thoughts, desires, and emotional strength, revealing her self-confidence and challenging the oppressive gaze of her addressees. Relational processes establish her connection with the struggles and dreams of her ancestors, encapsulating a shared legacy of hope and resistance, while behavioral processes accentuate her provocation against societal expectations of submission. This research highlights the significance of transitivity analysis in understanding how power, agency and emotions are expressed in literary texts, showing the impact of language choices in shaping meaning and social narratives.

Penguatan Organisasi Pecinta Alam (Green Campus) Melalui Diklatsar

Organization is a process of identifying, forming, team working, defining and delegating authority, responsibility and establishing relationships with the aim of enabling people to work together effectively towards set goals. Strengthening the organization is one of the goals of forming members who have knowledge, skills and mentality in accordance with the vision and mission of Green Campus organization. Training is the first step to provide an in-depth understanding of the values, culture and basic skills needed by members of an organization. One of effective way to improve the quality and capacity of human resources in an organization is through basic education and basic training. In training, new members are trained to understand the roles, responsibilities, technical and non-technical skills that are relevant to the organization's goals. Thus training is not just technical training, but also a process of mental strengthening, emotional and intellectual strength of its members. Through this activity, it can make the members of organizations become competent, professional and have high integrity, so that they are able to face future challenges more prepared and confident. The method used in implementing this community service consists of three stages, namely: planning, implementing mentoring, and evaluating the results of mentoring. In this community service activity there were 10 participants. In this evaluation there are four aspects namely: (1) Usefulness, (2) Understandability, (3) Strengthening methods, and (4) Suitability. So, it can be concluded that this activity really hit the targets or participants as shown by the evaluation results with an average score is very good (86.20%), and good (13.80%).

The Influence of Tahfiz Education on the Human Soul according to Al-Ghazali's Perspective

Tahfiz education is the process of memorizing the holy Qur’an, holds a special place in Islamic tradition and education. Beyond the mere act of memorization, it is believed to have a profound impact on the human soul according to Al-Ghazali. Al-Ghazali's interpretation of the holy Qur'an is extremely important since it is the kalamullah and contains no slight falsity. Man might go through tazkiyah al-nafs (a process of soul purification) by memorizing and keeping the holy Qur’an. The objective of this article is to understand the concept of the human soul according to al-Ghazali concepts. Another is, to analyse among the huffaz about the process of tadabbur contemplation can lead to a deeper understanding of hablu min Allah and hablu min anas. According to Al-Ghazali, the effects from the tahfiz education will produce the young generation like a light that shines on the human soul. While the methodology of this article certainly it more focus on qualitative methods during this paper. From al-Ghazali perspective is focus on constructional of human being developing methods. In the certain part of al-Ghazali said about the individuals acknowledge potential educational benefits such as improved huffaz himself. The effects of placed significant emphasis on the necessity of approaching the holy Qur’an with reverence, respect, and comprehension, as stated in Adab al-Qur’an. Through the immersion in tahfiz education, it will produce a generation that possesses physical, emotional, spiritual, and intellectual strength. Simultaneously, in line with the strong influence through the cultivation of huffaz, it will have an impact on the nobility of the community's character. Moreover, its effects on the nation will impact individuals who prioritize the values of knowledge and technology.

Beyond Belief: A Quantitative Investigation on the Spiritual Well-Being and Intelligence Among College Students

Spiritual well-being fosters life satisfaction, emotional strength, and compassion, while spiritual intelligence applies spiritual wisdom to daily life. Research on spiritual well-being, especially the influence of spiritual intelligence, remains limited. The study employed a descriptive correlation design and stratified random sampling to survey the spiritual well-being and intelligence of 735 college students from a Catholic institution in Malaybalay City, Bukidnon. The study found a high level of spiritual well-being and intelligence, suggesting strong engagement with spiritual practices. However, the study found a weak positive correlation between the spirituality index of well-being and spiritual intelligence but a strong positive correlation between spiritual well-being and spiritual intelligence, highlighting the complex relationship between these constructs.

The Impact of Behaviorism and the Predilection of Ruskin Bond's Discourse on Society's Psyche

The study with respect to interactive behaviorist principles regarding the stylistic intricacies of Ruskin Bond's work tries to understand how these factors affect individual actions, social norms, and emotional reactions. This study aims at probing into how storytelling by Bond causes people's inherent attributes such as sympathy, durability, and generosity through behaviorism, which is a psychological framework emphasizing the observable behavior governed by external influence. The factor of Bond's spare, lyrical writing lies in its timelessness due to frequent explorations of innocence, nature, loneliness, and nostalgia. The characters and settings of Bond reflect the behaviorist ideas that humans learn through observation, reinforcement, and incentives. Given to the behaviorist theories of learned social behavior, the life in small towns and conventional Indian values in Bond's writings urge the readers to value their personal relations and such simple way of living. The research looks at Bond's most notable works and refers to readers' opinion polls to show that Bond's writing serves two purposes: entertainment and the building of social norms and values. Often while reading Bond's stories, a person feels at ease, remember some fond memories, and provides oneself with a chance to hope that there will be good once again; hence, it shows that Bond's writing provides growth in emotions and thoughts as does behaviorism. The findings of the analysis show that the stories narrated by Bond had deep impacts on social psyches of men in order to pursue positive qualities of life and gain emotional strength. His strange way of narration, interwoven with faithfulness to the behaviorist doctrine, made James Bond an impact that bears a semblance of how literature subtly goes about changing some patterns of behavior-individually and collectively. This highlights the importance of telling stories as vital in the development of society's values and attitudes.

Research on Strategies in Translating Metaphors in the 2024 Chinese Government Work Report

Metaphors are widely used in political discourse, which arouses great attention in academic study. The report on the government work, as a paradigm in political discourse, shows a distinctive feature of the times and text by using metaphors to construct a thinking framework for political reality. This paper aims to explore the application and translation strategies of metaphors in the English translation of the report of Chinese government work in 2024. By contrastingly analyzing the Chinese text and its English version, this paper reveals the corresponding translation methods of metaphors in political discourse to enhance the communication effect. In the translation process of metaphor, the translator not only experiences a profound shift from one cultural background to another but also finishes a complex cognitive journey. Literal translation can keep the original cultural elements but may cause confusion or misunderstanding while free translation can convey the meaning briefly and clearly but may lack the original cultural element, weakening the emotional strength of the original metaphors. Therefore, flexible translation methods should be adopted to deal with different metaphors to keep a balance between cultural differences and meaning conveying.

Mediating role of academic competence in the relationship between perceived teaching style and academic resilience among adolescents

BackgroundAcademic resilience is crucial for adolescents as it enables them to overcome challenges and achieve educational success, yet the mechanisms underlying its development remain inadequately understood. This study investigated the mediating role of academic competence in the association between perceived teaching style and academic resilience among adolescents.MethodsThis descriptive correlational study was conducted between June 2022 and December 2022. The statistical population for this study encompassed all high school students in Tehran. To ensure the representativeness of the sample, a stratified random sampling technique was employed, involving a total of 400 high school students. Data were collected using online questionnaires, including the Academic Resilience Inventory (ARI), Teacher as Social Context (TASC), and Academic Competence Evaluation Scale (ACES). Descriptive statistics (e.g., mean, standard deviation, correlation matrix) and inferential statistics (e.g., path analysis) were used to analyze the data through SPSS-23 and LISREL version 8.7.2.ResultsThe findings demonstrate significant relationships between teaching styles, academic competence, and academic resilience. Specifically, path analysis reveals that teaching styles, particularly those emphasizing support and involvement, have direct and meaningful effects on academic competence, subsequently influencing academic resilience. The proposed model exhibits a good fit, as evidenced by various fit indices (p < .05).ConclusionThis study underscores the pivotal role of supportive and engaging teaching styles in fostering academic resilience among adolescents. By significantly enhancing students’ academic competence, these teaching approaches contribute to their overall well-being. These findings offer valuable insights for educators and policymakers to develop strategies that cultivate both academic skills and emotional strength, ultimately leading to improved educational outcomes.

A habitually open mouth posture leads to less affect strength during joy in childhood

AimCompared with children without orofacial disorders, children with a habitual lack of mouth closure and mouth breathing show less frequent and reduced or absent facial expressions. The facial feedback hypothesis states that affective sensation is enhanced by mimic involvement. In this randomized cross-sectional study with and without orofacially disordered children, we investigated the effect of lack of mouth closure on the strength of emotions related to joy, sadness and fear in children. We aimed to determine whether kindergarten and primary school-age children with a lack of mouth closure are less emotionally involved.Materials and MethodWe used facial feedback as an indicator to measure affect intensity in children with and without orofacial disorders. For this purpose, we modified the experimental design of Strack et al. (Strack et al. in J Pers Soc Psychol 54:768–777, 1988), in which the subjects were asked to hold a pencil exclusively with their teeth (experimental group 1, “joy”), with their lips (experimental group 2, “sadness” and “fear”) or with their nondominant hand (control group). Instead of cartoons, ten medium-funny animal pictures were presented individually in a predefined order to be judged on a Likert scale. The allocation to the groups was implemented using a randomized procedure, independent of the diagnosis, age and sex of the children. The only exclusion criteria were the presence of surgical scars in the orofacial area and cerebral palsy.ResultsA total of 414 children aged 4 to 17 years were studied for facial feedback, with orofacial disorders such as open mouth posture, tongue thrust, myofunctional disorder, craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) and speech motor disorders diagnosed in 223 subjects. The significance tests showed that in all age groups, children with orofacial disorders rated the joke content of the animal pictures significantly lower than did children without orofacial disorders (4- to 6-year-olds: p value = 0.01, T value = 2.33, confidence = 99%; 7- to 8-year-olds: p value = 0, T value = 4.98, 100% confidence; 9- to 17-year-olds: p value = 0, T value = 2.87, 100% confidence). This finding indicates that children with a lack of mouth closure and other orofacial disorders not only express less pleasure with the help of facial expressions but also feel less pleasure. Moreover, the experimental setup used in this work, which has been modified for children, can be used to test facial feedback in young subjects.ConclusionIn our study, we focused on the interplay between physical and emotional development in children. If left untreated, children with a lack of oral closure may not only show deviations in the orofacial area later on, but also in their emotionality. We endeavored to highlight the importance of treating children with orofacial disorders at an early age.

Evaluation experts: Relations between ability emotional intelligence and attitude strength indicators.

New efforts to understand the processes involved in ability-related emotional intelligence (ability EI) could reinvigorate this area of scholarship and research. It is proposed that participants with higher levels of ability EI are evaluation experts, which should be evident in the attitude domain. Study 1 (n = 148) probed for affective, cognitive, and behavioral reactions to a diverse set of attitude objects. In addition, attitude certainty ratings were collected. Higher levels of ability EI, but not self-reports of EI, were linked to attitudes that were more extreme, certain, and structurally integrated. In Study 2 (n = 602), participant employees completed standard personality and job satisfaction assessments. Higher levels of ability EI were predictive of greater polarization (as assessed in extremity-related terms) in both domains. The individual differences assessed by ability EI, these results suggest, also tend to support attitudes and opinions with stronger features. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Budaya Bakiauan di Sampanahan Kotabaru, Kalimantan Selatan

In Kotabaru, there is a culture known as bakiauan for wedding banquets. It is an attitude of mutual cooperation between residents as a family and emotional strength to work together to minimize the high cost of wedding parties in their area that has been carried out for generations by the community. This article will analyze the culture in depth by considering two values, namely Islamic and socio-cultural values. This research aims to find out about how the culture of social norms and religiosity of the community integrate each other in this bakiauan culture. The method used in this research is the analysis of primary legal materials in the form of the Koran and relevant Hadiths, literature studies, and interviews with several Kotabaru people who have carried out this culture for generations with a sociological approach. Based on this, the results show that the preservation of this culture is motivated by a sense of family and strong emotional ties. So that with the announcement of a wedding party in their community, residents automatically come to help each other fulfill the various needs of the wedding event. The Islamic perspective is used to provide a view that the importance of a sense of Taawun (helping) between fellow humans to ease each other's burdens and an unbroken sense of friendship. The Socio-cultural perspective is used to explain the sociological aspects contained in this culture so that the sense of kinship between communities is getting stronger which goes straight with the noble culture of the Indonesian nation. This discussion leads to the importance of preserving this culture which has a positive influence on society, especially helping during sacred ceremonies, namely marriage events that require a lot of money. This article is expected to be able to contribute to readers about the importance of helping in matters of worship to get closer to God through the Bakiauan culture.

The relationship between children's emotional development tasks fulfilment and Strength and Difficulties Rutter Questionnaire assessment on elementary school-aged children's mental health.

To assess the emotional development of school-aged children. The descriptive, analytical study was carried out on children of elementary schools in the Semarang City area in January 2022. Included were children aged 6-12 years with active elementary school status. Data was collected using the 25-item Strength and Difficulties Rutter Questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled manually by the subject along with the guardian or teacher. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Of the 326 children, 174(53.21%) were girls and 153(46.79%) were boys. Overall, 171(52.3%) subjects were aged <10 years, while 156(47.7%) were aged 10-12 years. There were 295(90.21%) children with normal prosocial behaviour, 206(63%) with normal emotional status, 264(80.73%) with normal conduct, 133(40.67%) with normal hyperactivity level, and 91(27.83%) with normal equation with peers. Different domains of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire showed varying degrees of pro-social behaviour, emotional status, conduct, hyperactivity level and peer interaction among the subjects.

Impact of Health Behavior on Work-related Stress on Teachers in Chinese Colleges

Objectives: This study aims to assess the influence of health behaviour on the psychological well- being, work stress, and emotional stability of college teachers in China. The study examines the impact of teachers' psychological well-being and emotional strength on their work-related stress. The study aims to fill the existing gaps in the current corpus of knowledge. Methods: To fulfil this objective, the data for this study was gathered from 876 teachers associated with 57 colleges in Mainland China. The confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling are assessed using the RStudio software with the lavaan package. Results: Findings show that health behaviour is a good predictor of psychological well-being, occupational stress, and emotional stability among college teachers in China. It has also been discovered that psychological well-being and emotional stability do not directly influence the job stress experienced by teachers. However, they do play a mediating role in the relationship between work stress and health behaviour. Conclusion: The research makes a significant theoretical contribution by establishing linkages that have not been previously identified in the existing body of knowledge. Essentially, this research suggests that enhancing the health behaviour of teachers can lead to improvements in their emotional stability, psychological wellness, and reduction of job stress. The research findings have significant implications for governmental initiatives aimed at enhancing teachers' effectiveness.

Perjuangan Seorang Ibu dalam Puisi Kukusan Karya Emi Suy dan Puisi Bunda Airmata Karya MH Ainun Najib: Kajian Sastra Bandingan

This research aims to determine the relationship between the poem Kukusan by Emi Suy and the poem Bunda Airmata by MH Ainun Najib. The theory used in this research uses comparative literary theory which discusses metaphor, symbols and relevance in the two poems. The data collection technique uses first level semiotic reading, namely heuristics. The data analysis technique uses the second level of semiotic reading, namely hermeneutics. The results of the analysis of the poem "Bunda Airmata" by M.H. Ainun Najib and "Kukusan" by Emi Suy are that they both raise the theme of a mother's struggle, although through different writing styles, context and symbolism. In "Our Lady of Tears," the mother is described as a figure who has a deep spiritual dimension, guides her children in religious values, and is able to convey emotional strength through her tears. On the other hand, "Steamed" depicts the mother as a figure who faces struggles like the bamboo steaming process, reflecting resilience and strength in facing the pressures and difficulties of life.

Stigma in the Prolonged Pandemic: Insights from Nurses in Two Indonesian Provinces

Background Nurses in Indonesia have faced extraordinary challenges amid the prolonged coronavirus disease pandemic, including stigmatization. However, much is understood about this experience only from the initial period of the pandemic. Objective This study aimed to shed light on the enduring intensity of stigma experienced by nurses in protracted health crises. Materials and Methods This study is a part of a research project titled “Exploration of Stigma Towards Nurses in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic,” conducted 1.5 years after the pandemic onset. A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Thirty-three nurses from both urban and rural settings who encountered stigma in two Indonesian provinces participated in individual interviews using a semi-structured guide. Thematic analysis through the Framework Method was employed for data analysis. Results &amp; Discussion Three themes emerged: 1) the dynamic of stigma intensity during a prolonged COVID-19 pandemic; 2) nurses’ points of reference when elucidating this intensity; and 3) the perceived contributing factors to the stigma intensity in the protracted pandemic. Participants reported experiencing stronger stigma in the early period of the pandemic. In the later period, some manifestations of stigma persisted, although not as strongly as before. When describing the intensity, nurses often referenced the frequency and strength of emotions stemming from stigmatizing behaviors—such as avoidance, rejection, suspicion, negative rumors, and disparaging remarks about the nursing profession. Eight contributing factors to stigma intensity were identified. Conclusion Stigma intensity during the prolonged pandemic appeared to have similarities and distinctions with the phenomena observed in previous health crises. Continuous evaluation and mitigation efforts are imperative to alleviate the stigma experienced by nurses in protracted health crises. Understanding the contributing factors to the dynamic nature of stigma intensity is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Scope for Rselience in the Grip of Trauma in Aminatta Forna’s Happiness

Documenting the horrendous nature of trauma in human beings and their victimization has become much more regular after the two world wars among writers. Apart from exposing the occurrences to the world, it seems that they are striving to find an outlet and escape by depicting the experience which they have witnessed as first person or from the experience of others. While considering the consequences of trauma in human beings there is a question arises naturally that “is there no scope for resilience?” The present paper is focusing on the work of one such African writer Aminatta Forna from Sierra Leon who has documented the scars of wars of her period and has ignited the way to erase the violence of trauma by indicating “whatever doesn’t kill you makes you stronger”. And also she writes that the emotional vulnerability of trauma is oftentimes transformed into emotional strength and it does not annihilate the lives. So this research paper attempts to trace the justifications of Aminatta forna about the scope for resilience among the traumatized lives which have been exhibited in her novel Happiness.

CORRELATION OF DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF THEIR EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE WITH THEIR SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES IN NNEWI METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability to understand, use, and manage one’s own emotions in positive ways so as to avoid regrets after. This ability is seriously needed by diagnostic radiographers so as to promote interpersonal relationships in healthcare settings. This study aimed at determining the correlation between emotional intelligence and diagnostic radiographers’ socio-demographic variables. This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey conducted in healthcare facilities in Nnewi metropolis to include 30 diagnostic radiographers. The completed questionnaires were retrieved by the researchers. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for statistical analysis with confidence level set at p &lt; 0.05. Out of the 30 participants, 19(63.3%) were males while females accounted for the remaining 11(36.7%). Sixty percent (n=18) of the participants had good knowledge of their emotional intelligence. There was a negative and non-statistically significant correlation between age and level of awareness of the participants’ emotional intelligence (r = -.011, p=.953). There was a positive and non-statistically significant correlation between work experience and emotional intelligence (r = 0.346, p = 0.061) There was weak, positive and statistically significant correlation between work experience and level of awareness of the participants’ emotional feeling and why (r =0.602, p =0.000). Being that a good number of the population of this study had good knowledge of their emotional strength and weaknesses, it will not be very difficult to create an atmosphere where patients and staff enjoy a care environment that is both supportive and beneficial.

Spontaneous brain activity associated with individual differences in decisional and emotional forgiveness.

Previous studies have explored the neural bases of forgiveness, however, the neural associations of decisional and emotional forgiveness remain unclear. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were used to investigate the neural associations of individual differences in decisional and emotional forgiveness among healthy volunteers (256 participants, 85 males). The results of the ReHo analysis showed that decisional forgiveness was positively correlated with the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Furthermore, emotional forgiveness was positively correlated with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and left supramarginal gyrus (SMG). The results of the FC analysis showed that decisional forgiveness was positively associated with the FC strength between the left IPL and left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and negatively correlated with the FC strength among the left IPL, right superior temporal gyrus (STG), and left SMG. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between emotional forgiveness and FC strength between the left SMG and right IPL. These findings suggest an association between decisional and emotional forgiveness and spontaneous brain activity in brain regions related to empathy, emotion regulation, and cognitive control.

The Heroine Archetype

Theorists and researchers have documented some of the characteristics of heroes which include humility, endurance, courage, vulnerability, perseverance, and the choice to solve societal problems with moral action. These characteristics help a hero complete a journey derived from Campbell’s The Hero with A Thousand Faces. The journey’s cycle begins with a normal state when a call to adventure moves a person to face tests, rely on helpers and transform the self to solve dilemmas. Identifying with a hero as an archetype can activate a psychodynamic and open awareness for insight and emotional strength. Usually, a hero is seen as non-gender specific even though essentially male, as in mankind. Establishing the heroine archetype’s characteristics may expand and give balance to the view of the hero-heroine. Feminist studies indicate that relational knowing could be a heroine’s unique characteristic. Sophia, a heroine archetype of wisdom, supports this characteristic with her quality of interconnection, and adds generativity to the mix. Current research on women’s empowerment affirms the heroine archetype’s strength through relational knowing. The heroine’s cycle of transformation may include navigating the tests of sexism at work and finding self- care amidst societal stereotypes of women as caretakers for others. The heroine archetype’s strengths can help both men and women in achieving balance and power in their lives.