Emotional Stability Research Articles

Social microclimates and well-being.

Emotional well-being has a known relationship with a person's direct social ties, including friendships; but do ambient social and emotional features of the local community also play a role? This work takes advantage of university students' assignment to different local networks-or "social microclimates"-to probe this question. Using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, we quantify the collective impact of individual, social network, and microclimate factors on the emotional well-being of a cohort of first-year college students. Results indicate that well-being tracks individual factors but also myriad social and microclimate factors, reflecting one's peers and social surroundings. Students who belonged to emotionally stable and tight-knit microclimates (i.e., had emotionally stable friends or resided in densely connected residence halls) reported lower levels of psychological distress and higher levels of life satisfaction, even when controlling for factors such as personality and social network size. Although rarely discussed or acknowledged in the policies that create them, social microclimates are consequential to well-being, especially during life transitions. The effects of microclimate factors are small relative to some individual factors; however, they explain unique variance in well-being that is not directly captured by emotional stability or other individual factors. These findings are novel, but preliminary, and should be replicated in new samples and contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Most people's life satisfaction matches their personality traits: True correlations in multitrait, multirater, multisample data.

Despite numerous meta-analyses, the true extent to which life satisfaction reflects personality traits has remained unclear due to overreliance on a single method to assess both and insufficient attention to construct overlaps. Using data from three samples tested in different languages (Estonian, N = 20,886; Russian, N = 768; English, N = 600), we combined self- and informant-reports to estimate personality domains' and nuances' true correlations (rtrue) with general life satisfaction (LS) and satisfactions with eight life domains (DSs), while controlling for single-method and occasion-specific biases and random error, and avoiding direct construct overlaps. The associations replicated well across samples. The Big Five domains and nuances allowed predicting LS with accuracies up to rtrue ≈ .80-.90 in independent (sub)samples. Emotional stability, extraversion, and conscientiousness correlated rtrue ≈ .30-.50 with LS, while its correlations with openness and agreeableness were small. At the nuances level, low LS was most strongly associated with feeling misunderstood, unexcited, indecisive, envious, bored, used, unable, and unrewarded (rtrue ≈ .40-.70). Supporting LS's construct validity, DSs had similar personality correlates among themselves and with LS, and an aggregated DS correlated rtrue ≈ .90 with LS. LS's approximately 10-year stability was rtrue = .70 and its longitudinal associations with personality traits mirrored cross-sectional ones. We conclude that without common measurement limitations, most people's life satisfaction is highly consistent with their personality traits, even across many years. So, satisfaction is usually shaped by these same relatively stable factors that shape personality traits more broadly. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The effect of personality traits on over-the-top service use and binge-watching

With the freedom to consume content on preferred devices at any time as long as there is an Internet connection, the growing demand for over-the-top (OTT) services is evident. In conjunction with the rise of OTT services, binge-watching has become a prevalent behavior. In this research, we explore whether personality traits including the Big Five and need for cognition wield an effect on OTT use and binge-watching. We used a large, diverse, population representative sample from South Korea to investigate this topic. Results indicated that openness to experience and need for cognition were positively related to OTT use. Openness to experience, emotional stability, conscientiousness, and need for cognition had a negative association with binge-watching. When the sample was split by OTT frequency, the binge-watching effects were obtained exclusively for daily OTT users. For non-daily OTT users, most of the personality traits did not exert an effect on binge-watching. Implications of the current findings as well as limitations and future research are presented.

랜덤박스 캐릭터 디자인에서 감성적 디자인 평가요소 분석

Recently, there has been an expansion in the development of new products based on consumer data, highlighting the growing importance of emotional design elements. Companies are exploring new evaluation methods for innovative character designs. This study proposes a model to assess and improve the emotional aspects of random box character designs. The methodology involved identifying emotional design elements and analyzing their importance through expert surveys using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique. The key elements identified were emotional empathy, creativity, sustainable value, and stability, each showing varying levels of importance. User satisfaction was measured using the IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) technique and compared with AHP results, revealing that the 'HIRONO character' had higher satisfaction levels than the 'SOSKID character'. This research presents a systematic evaluation method for emotional design elements, expected to provide important guidelines for the development of innovative character designs and contribute to continuous design improvement.

PARTICULARITĂȚI ALE TULBURĂRILOR DE PERSONALITATE LA PREADOLESCENȚII CARE PROVIN DIN FAMILIILE DIVORȚATE

The association between family tensions caused by transitions in parental separation and the effects of the child's adjustment to changes in separation has also been established in numerous studies. The aim of this study was to identify personality disorders in preadolescents living in divorced families compared to those in harmonious, non-divorced families, to facilitate the structuring of psychological interventions oriented/focused on ameliorating these disorders. The sample included 125 children with divorced parents and 103 children from organized families (N = 228 respondents). Self-reported data were collected using the Millon Pre-Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MPACI), authors Theodore Millon, Ph.D., DSc, Carrie Millon, Ph.D., Robert Tringone, Ph.D., Seth Grossman, PsyD. and Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC), authors I. Mervielde, Ph.D. Filip de Fruyt, Ph.D to capture trends in preadolescent personality traits in the context of divorce. The results obtained on personality characteristics of children from divorced families showed significantly differentiated scores on emerging personality patterns compared to the results reported by children from non-divorced families. Specifically, both on the MPACI, the preadolescents showed impaired psychological development in general, an imbalance in the emerging personality pattern (consistent presence of Conformist,Inhibited, Unstable patterns) and on the HiPIC with respect to Emotional Stability, Extraversion, Imagination and Conscientiousness. Our results help to complete the theoretical and practical bases of psychological science with information on the specific disorders that can be caused in children exposed, directly or indirectly, to conflict situations between their divorced parents.

Optimistic bias: Concept analysis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the concept of ‘optimistic bias.’ Methods: A review of the literature was conducted using several databases. The databases were searched using the following keywords: optimistic bias, optimism bias, and concept analysis. The literature on optimistic bias was reviewed using the framework of Walker and Avant’s conceptual analysis process. Results: Optimistic bias can be defined by the following attributes: 1) underestimation of personal risk, 2) vague confidence, 3) positive future prediction and 4) lack of risk recognition. The antecedents of optimistic bias are as follows: 1) risk perception, 2) self-efficacy, and 3) risk controllability. The consequences of optimistic bias are as follows: 1) reduced anxiety, 2) providing emotional stability, 3) negative consequences for preventive health behavior, 4) lack of attention to risk-related information, and 5) negative consequences for self-protection behavior. Conclusion: The definition and attributes of optimistic bias identified by this study can provide a common understanding of this concept and help to develop a nursing intervention program effective in preventing, protecting, and improving health of subjects in the field of nursing practice.

Стресс учебной деятельности и учебная мотивация студентов с различным уровнем нейротизма

The current study allowed us to conduct a comparative analysis of the significance of various stress factors assessed by students with different levels of neuroticism and perceived by them as obstacles in the learning process. The study design includes the comparative analysis of two groups of students. We analyzed the relationships between indicators of subjectively assessed intensity of response to academic stress-factors and characteristics of academic motivation among these groups of students. We used the following questionnaires that allow respondents to assess the academic stress factors intensity: “Academic Motivation Scales” (Gordeeva, Sychev and Osin), “Eysenck Personality Inventory” (EPI). The study involved 156 people. It was found out that students with different levels of neuroticism have no significant difference in the severity of various types of academic motivation. But, at the same time, there are a number of differences in assessing the intensity of academic stress under the influence of certain stress factors. There are also differences in the structure of relationships between indicators of academic motivation and stress factors, depending on the emotional stability of the respondents. The results of the study can be useful for creating individual-oriented (taking into account the level of neuroticism) programs of psychological and pedagogical assistance to students striving for high-quality knowledge assimilation and improving their academic performance. On the basis of the obtained data, we can speak about the necessity to form a balance between the experience of the handling stress intensity, which arises as a result of a subjective assessment of the certain phenomena stressfulness during the study process, and the various types of academic motivation, which contribute to the development of professional competencies.

EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING SHIELD: EXPLORING ANXIETY AMONG NURSING STUDENTS

Introduction. The work of a nurse in conditions of war or conflict imposes unique demands on her emotional state.
 The aim of the work – to study the level of anxiety in nursing students and to identify ways of its regulation.
 The main part. The paper analyzed the questionnaires of 19 students in the first year, nine in the second year, 10 in the third year, and 10 in the fourth year of the educational and Scientific Institute of Nursing of TNMU. The results showed that a third of future nurses have a high level of reactive anxiety, and half of them have an average level of personal anxiety. A decrease in anxiety was observed among fourth-year students compared to first-year students, which indicates the development of emotional stability during the learning process. Future nurses have a high level of anxiety associated with a sense of danger or failure in their studies and professional activities.
 Conclusions. The study confirms the high level of anxiety among nursing students, as well as the effectiveness of the training in reducing this anxiety. Psychological support and the development of anxiety management skills can improve these healthcare workers’ psychological well-being and professional performance.

Адаптационный потенциал сотрудников органов внутренних дел как ресурс при преодолении профессионального выгорания

Introduction. The phenomenon of “professional burnout”appears to be of special interest among scientists. Although there have been many studies of the nature of its occurrence and dynamics, there is no unity in understanding the ways to prevent and correct changes of mental and socio-psychological functions caused by personalitydeformation. According to A. K. Markova, specialists of “human-human” professions, working constantly with people, are more at risk of professional deformation than employees of “human-technology” and “human-nature” professions. Supporting this idea, we should note that under conditions of high responsibility, pressure and increasing demandsnot always corresponding the inner resources, this problem becomes especially important. The destructive effect affects mental process and personal characteristics, leading to negative changes in the professional activities of police officers. The mission of police officers to protect the public against criminals and other unlawful encroachments becomes, metaphorically speaking, “transparent” due to professional burnout, in particular, depersonalisation (negligent approach to duties and cynical attitude towards citizens). That is why, it is important to determine in time individuals being more prone to professional burnout, to reveal signs indicating its occurrence, and to develop a methodology stimulating adaptive potential and extension of tunnel thinking provoked by high stress. Methods. The following psychological methods were used: the method of assessment of adaptive abilities - “MOAS” (developed on the basis of Kettell’s Test). This method helped to assess the respondents’ personal characteristics “closeness – sociability”, “emotional instability - emotional stability”, “shyness – courage”, “trustfulness – suspiciousness”, “self-confidence – anxiety”, “relaxation – tension”; the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) adapted by N. E. Vodopyanova, which helped to determine the level of professional burnout on the following three scales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduction of professional achievements; thePearson correlationmethod (statistical analysis of the data). Results. The results determined four groups of respondents: with high, satisfactory, low, unsatisfactory levels of adaptive potential. The majority of respondents (70.5 %) have insufficient adaptive potential for coping with stressful situations, rational assessment of requirements and personal resources. Besides, employees with low level of adaptive abilities are more prone to professional burnout, especially depersonalisation.

Translating Suicide Safety Planning Components Into the Design of mHealth App Features: Systematic Review.

Suicide safety planning is an evidence-based approach used to help individuals identify strategies to keep themselves safe during a mental health crisis. This study systematically reviewed the literature focused on mobile health (mHealth) suicide safety planning apps. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which apps integrated components of the safety planning intervention (SPI), and if so, how these safety planning components were integrated into the design-based features of the apps. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we systematically analyzed 14 peer-reviewed studies specific to mHealth apps for suicide safety planning. We conducted an analysis of the literature to evaluate how the apps incorporated SPI components and examined similarities and differences among the apps by conducting a comparative analysis of app features. An independent review of SPI components and app features was conducted by downloading the available apps. Most of the mHealth apps (5/7, 71%) integrated SPI components and provided customizable features that expanded upon traditional paper-based safety planning processes. App design features were categorized into 5 themes, including interactive features, individualized user experiences, interface design, guidance and training, and privacy and sharing. All apps included access to community supports and revisable safety plans. Fewer mHealth apps (3/7, 43%) included interactive features, such as associating coping strategies with specific stressors. Most studies (10/14, 71%) examined the usability, feasibility, and acceptability of the safety planning mHealth apps. Usability findings were generally positive, as users often found these apps easy to use and visually appealing. In terms of feasibility, users preferred using mHealth apps during times of crisis, but the continuous use of the apps outside of crisis situations received less support. Few studies (4/14, 29%) examined the effectiveness of mHealth apps for suicide-related outcomes. Positive shifts in attitudes and desire to live, improved coping strategies, enhanced emotional stability, and a decrease in suicidal thoughts or self-harm behaviors were examined in these studies. Our study highlights the need for researchers, clinicians, and app designers to continue to work together to align evidence-based research on mHealth suicide safety planning apps with lessons learned for how to best deliver these technologies to end users. Our review brings to light mHealth suicide safety planning strategies needing further development and testing, such as lethal means guidance, collaborative safety planning, and the opportunity to embed more interactive features that leverage the advanced capabilities of technology to improve client outcomes as well as foster sustained user engagement beyond a crisis. Although preliminary evidence shows that these apps may help to mitigate suicide risk, clinical trials with larger sample sizes and more robust research designs are needed to validate their efficacy before the widespread adoption and use.

О структуре личностной ответственности курсантов образовательных организаций ФСИН России

Introduction. The article presents theoretical and empirical analysis of the problem of personal responsibility in national and foreign psychological works. The results of the study of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia are described. The aim of the research was to identify the structural elements of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia. The empirical study was conducted at the Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia. The participants were 165 cadets representing courses 1 to 5. Each course covered 33 respondents. The scientific problem is to study the personal responsibility of cadets of the educational establishment of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russiaand to determine its structural elements. Research methods and techniques. To determine the structural elements of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of FSIN of Russia the following methods and techniques were used: “Multidimensional functional diagnostics of responsibility-110 (“OTV-110”)” (V. P. Pryadein,O. V. Mukhlynina); “A Shortened “Basic English” Version (Form C) of the 16 PF Questionnaire” (R. Kettell); “Motivation of success and fear of failure” (A. A. Rean); “Moral reliability questionnaire (MRQ)” (E. Yu.Strizhov); “Test-questionnaire of selfattitude – SAR” (V. V. Stolin, S. R. Pantileev). The research revealed: the structure of personal responsibility of cadets of educational organisations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia includes: 1) regulatory and dynamic components; 2) personal components; 3) motivational and semantic components. The regulatory and dynamic component comprises ergidity, stenicity, and internality. The personal component is made up of emotional stability, self-attitude, self-control of emotional reactions, the level of empathy, the ability to solve personal and operational difficulties. The motivational and semantic component includes sociocentricity, meaningfulness, recognition of responsibility to norms, understanding of the need to comply with norms, and the level of achievement motivation.

The role of intent to harm in workplace aggression

AbstractConceptualizations of workplace aggression converge in treating intent to harm others as a necessary feature of aggression. However, inspection of workplace aggression scales suggests that many items do not specify intent to harm. In a series of three studies, we examined the effect of inclusion of intent to harm on workplace aggression's psychometric properties. Study 1 found that existing workplace aggression scales do not consistently specify or imply intent to harm. Study 2 found that inclusion of intent to harm has substantial implications for aggression's occurrence rate. Prior research that does not assess intent to harm overestimates the frequency of aggression. Study 3A found that workplace aggression's correlations with external variables were also overestimated when failing to include intent to harm. We found that aggression measured without specifying intent is highly correlated with counterproductive work behavior (CWB), whereas aggression measured with intent specified is empirically distinguished from CWB. In Study 3A, a construct‐valid workplace aggression scale was created, called the Intentional Workplace Aggression Scale (IWAS). Study 3B showed that the IWAS displayed relationships with affective constructs, such as trait anger and emotional stability, as well as with situational variables, such as job satisfaction and organizational justice perceptions.

Understanding the operators’ cloud change errors based on cognitive abilities and personality traits: An investigation integrated with quantitative and qualitative methods

While cloud services make industrial data convenient, they also expose it to cloud incidents. Operators' error in cloud change activities is a leading factor for cloud incidents, which have received relatively less attention in cloud security research. This study conducted a two-stage research process using an integrated approach to explore the stable individual factors related to cloud change errors. First, in the qualitative research, content analysis based on interviews and historical documents was conducted to extract the operator's cognitive abilities and personality traits and develop hypotheses. Five cognitive abilities and six personality traits were extracted. Second, quantitative research based on an experiment was conducted to test relationships between operators' different types of cloud change errors and 1) cognitive ability and 2) personality traits, respectively. Results of error type comparisons suggested that operators generated more uncorrected errors than corrected errors and more operational errors than omission errors in cloud change activities. The multivariate Poisson regression analysis suggested that cognitive abilities of sustained attention, divided attention, and long-term memory negatively predicted the number of operators' total errors, uncorrected errors, and operational errors. Regarding personality traits, with the increase in resilience capacity and carefulness and the decrease in self-esteem, the number of different types of errors reduced, except for omission errors. Working memory and risk-taking propensity were also significant predictors of the number of uncorrected errors with negative and positive coefficients, respectively. Logical reasoning, emotional stability, and sense of responsibility were not observed as predictors of cloud change errors. The present findings have several implications for the industry and cloud providers to enhance industrial cloud data security regarding human cognitive abilities and personality traits.

Improving Psychological Adjustment of the Sexually Abused In-school Adolescents in Nigeria: The Roles of Emotional Stability, Social Anxiety, and Self-Esteem

The researchers considered examining the psychological adjustment process of sexually abused adolescents rather than dwelling on the causes. This study, therefore, examined emotional stability, social anxiety, and self-esteem as correlates of psychological adjustment of sexually abused adolescents. The survey research design was employed. The multi-stage sampling technique was employed in this investigation. The two Local Government Areas in Osogbo were purposively selected. The researchers considered this because of the sexual abuse cases reported in the area over time. For the study, a random sample of 362 students across 20 secondary schools, including eight private and 12 public secondary schools was used. The data for this study was gathered using reliable and standardized instruments: The Sexual Assault questionnaire (α = .80), psychological adjustment scale (α = .81), Self-Esteem Inventory (α = .71), emotional stability scale (α = .78) and Social Anxiety Scale (α = .90). The results demonstrated that 41.16% of the respondents were below 12 years, 47.51% were between 13–15 years and 11.33% were above 15 years old; 31.22% of the respondents were from nuclear families, 66.57%were from extended families and 2.21% were undecided. Also, the result showed a strong correlation between sexually abused adolescents’ psychological adjustment and emotional stability (r = .594; p.<05), social anxiety (r = .605; p.<05), and self-esteem (r = .521; p.<05). The strongest predictor of psychological adjustment was social anxiety (β = .365; t = 7.804; p<0.05) followed by emotional stability (β = .340; t = 7.260; p<0.05) and self-esteem (β = .305; t = 8.194; p<0.05). It was recommended that changing the trajectories of the sexually abused requires a lot of psychological re-orientation, especially considering interventions that employ the independent variables in this study (emotional stability, social anxiety, and self-esteem). This study adds to the current knowledge about the psychological adjustment of sexually abused teenagers as a difficulty that requires proper attention. Keywords: Psychological Adjustment, Sexual Abuse, Adolescents, Emotional Stability, Social Anxiety, Self-esteem

The Personality of a Modern Bribetaker

A persistent negative situation in the sphere of corruption in Russia, as well as the enforcement of a new National Anti-corruption Plan for 2021-2024 approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 16, 2021 № 478, the search for new forms and methods of preventing this criminal social phenomenon and of counteracting it gain a special urgency. Experience shows that criminal law measures are not sufficient for counteracting corruption. Due to this, the role of criminology seems especially vital. A comprehensive study of the criminal’s personality will help to improve the effectiveness of preventive work for the category of people under consideration. The goal of the work is to research specific socio-demographic, moral-psychological, role and criminal law characteristics of the personality of a bribetaker in Russia today. The research is based on the analysis of Russian and foreign publications in journals of law and sociology. The empirical part consists in studying the decisions of the courts of general jurisdiction of different subjects of the Russian Federation (from 2018 to 2023) and official statistical information on criminal prosecution under Art. 290 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Besides, the author carried out a content analysis of electronic mass media on high-profile cases of bribery involving officials at different levels. It was found that, at the present time, a bribetaker in Russia is male (with a growing share of female bribetakers), aged 30-49, a Russian citizen with a higher education, married with underage children, employed by law enforcement or state and municipal bodies. He is described favorably as a responsible, sociable and competent person both at work and in personal life. Key individual psychological features include emotional stability, ability to control and manipulate people, ability to build necessary connections, denial of moral and criminal norms, avarice, tolerance to corruption, thirst for power and a desire to prove himself through illegal actions.

The Relationship between Personality Traits and Anxiety with the Mediating Role of Desire for Fame among TikTokers

The main aim of this study was to explore the relationship between personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experiences) and anxiety with the mediating role of desire for fame among TikTokers. For this purpose, cross-sectional research was conducted on the sample of 205 male and female young adults using purposive sampling technique. Ten Item Personality Inventory, Hamilton Anxiety Measure scale, and Desire for Fame scale were used to measure the variables. Results showed a significant positive association between Extraversion and Desire for fame, while a non-significant relationship with anxiety. It showed a significant positive relationship between Agreeableness, anxiety and desire for fame. Conscientiousness shows a significantly positive relationship with anxiety and desire for fame. Emotional stability is significantly positively related to anxiety and desire for fame. Openness shows a significantly positive correlation with anxiety and desire for fame. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation exists between anxiety and desire fame. The t-test results showed that there will be a gender difference in extraversion trait, agreeableness trait and openness to experience trait. There is no statistically significant difference in terms of area (urban and rural). Individuals with age range 18-21 reported higher anxiety as compared to the 22-24 and 25-28 age ranges. Desire for fame appeared to fully mediate the path between personality traits and anxiety. These findings fill the research gap and have practical implications in the area of psychological health concerns and social media use.

Reliability and validity of the Greek version of the Short Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Test (S-GRAT-GR)

Gratitude is a psychological notion that has been associated with numerous beneficial outcomes for individuals and communities. The Short Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Test (S-GRAT), one of the most widely used measure to detect trait gratitude, comprises three subscales that assess lack of a sense of deprivation, appreciation for simple pleasures, and appreciation of others. The present study tested the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the S-GRAT scale. Using a sample of 681 adults from the general population and a smaller separate sample of fifty individuals we found that the scale demonstrated good internal consistency and high test-retest reliability. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the original three-dimensional scale structure. Convergent and discriminant validity tests found S-GRAT-Gr total score was significantly correlated with Agreeableness, Intellect, Extraversion, Emotional Stability and Conscientiousness. S-GRAT-Gr also had positive correlations with the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6), the Subjective Happiness Scale and the Satisfaction With Life Scale. S-GRAT-Gr score was found to have a unique impact on Life Satisfaction and Happiness beyond the basic taxonomies of personality and also beyond the GQ-6. Results indicate that the Greek version of the Revised Short Gratitude, Resentment, and Appreciation Test (S-GRAT-Gr) is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing dispositional gratitude in the Greek context.

Hope for success as a mediator between Big Five personality traits and achievement goal orientation among high performance and recreational athletes.

The main objective of this study was to determine whether hope for success mediates the relationship between personality and goal orientation in high performance and recreational athletes. The cross-sectional study included 289 high performance and recreational athletes of various sports (age: M = 20.34, SD = 1.86). To examine personality, we used the Big Five IPIP-BFM-20 questionnaire. To assess hope for success, we used the Hope for Success Questionnaire. The Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) was employed to examine goal orientation. Hope for success significantly mediates the relationships between conscientiousness, extraversion, emotional stability, intellect, and task goal orientation in sport. Higher levels of these personality traits are related to athletes' higher hope for success, which, in turn, is positively related to their task orientation. Personality traits may underpin the hope for success that develops from childhood. This, in turn, appears to be an important component on which, combined with the positive interaction and support from coaches, a task goal orientation beneficial to sport can be shaped in athletes.

The Influence of Learning Models on Students' Floor Exercise Learning Outcomes and Body Fitness

Physical Education, Sports and Health are important components of overall education. The goal is to develop various aspects of the individual, including physical fitness, motor skills, critical thinking skills, social skills, argumentative skills, emotional stability, moral integrity, healthy lifestyles, and awareness of the importance of a clean environment. Learning gymnastics is one of the physical education materials for sports and health that experiences many obstacles. Not yet optimal and very limited facilities and infrastructure are the causes of less effective physical education learning, especially floor exercise. Gymnastics is one of the PJOK materials that must be provided in schools, especially elementary schools. Currently, many types of exercise have emerged, such as morning exercise, physical fitness exercise, and other educational exercises, each exercise has its own movement characteristics. Learning gymnastics for elementary school children is a tool to achieve comprehensive development which includes mental, physical, social and emotional. Gymnastics learning, especially artistic gymnastics, is the material in PJOK learning that faces the most obstacles, including facilities and infrastructure for learning purposes which are expensive, the risk of injury is quite high, and is considered scary for the majority of students, therefore as a teacher you must try to make learning The gymnastics is packaged in an interesting way so that students will like it and so that students are no longer afraid of taking part in gymnastics lessons.

Exploring The Physical Fitness Level of Children Through Dance

This study aimed to explore the effect of dance training on children's physical fitness level by providing 6- to 12-year-old children with 6-month dance training and regular physical training. Using diversified research methods, including literature review, comparative analysis, experimental method, observation, measurement, questionnaire and interview, this study assessed the physical fitness indexes and psychosocial abilities of children in the experimental and control groups. The results showed that children who participated in dance training significantly outperformed the control group in physical fitness indicators such as lung capacity, flexibility and balance. In addition, dance training significantly improved children's self-confidence, social interaction skills, and emotional stability. The study highlights the importance of incorporating dance training into the children's education system and provides a reference for optimizing dance education strategies in the future.