Emotional Intentions Research Articles

Etiquette Norms and Communicative Practices of Using Greeting Cards in Contemporary Russian Culture

The article is devoted to the transformations of the etiquette rules and communicative practices of using greeting cards in a visual age. The authors propose a hypothesis that the practice of written congratulations experiences a shift from the writing of congratulatory text to the choice of an image. This hypothesis is tested by a pilot sociological survey using distributed questionnaire and based on a multistage sampling. The results show that in contemporary Russian culture greeting cards the parity between image and text remains, while the main idea is transmitted via the latter. The greeting card is still regarded as an important element of greeting accompanying a gift. Greeting cards are used mainly for maintaining informal relations. However, the emotional intention of the greeting card is maintained throughout shorter period than before being realized only in the situation of gift­giving and congratulation.

The Role of Customer Experience in Brand Royalty and Emotional Intention of Cars in Chennai

The intend of research articles is to recognize the outcome of brand loyalty on purchase of Cars. Questionnaires were circulated to gather the responses from the various consumers. Brand knowledge and brand reliability have strong positive relationship with purchase of car. The study reveals that the buyer has the awareness of the particular product and the qualities that identifies the consumer’s level. Brand loyalty buildings a strong customer base and helps to frame towards succeed in the market. Percentage statistical tool was used to analyze the data and draw the conclusions.

Research on Innovative Design and Evaluation of Agricultural Machinery Products

In order to meet the user’s increasing demands for integrated quality of agricultural machinery products, a new KE-TRIZ approach based on Kansei engineering (KE) and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) was proposed. Designers used semantic difference (SD) method and principal component analysis (PCA) method to quantify and reduce the dimensions of the extracted perceptual vocabulary, which aimed to select the comprehensive variables that represented the user’s needs. TRIZ theory was used in the product emotional intention to elaborate the invention principle of products’ appearance structure and functional technology, and improvement explanation was put forward based on further contradiction analysis. Then, the industrial design theory was combined with the innovation design of agricultural machinery products. In order to explain the reliability of innovative design, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used in objective assessment. Finally, a walking rotary cultivator design was used as a case to check the above methods. The research can effectively adjust the contradiction between rationality and sensibility in products and apply it to the product equipment with function as the main part to design the products of comprehensive quality that conform to the trend of social aesthetics so as to form the brand effect of high added value. The results showed that these methods were effective and feasible for the innovative design of agricultural machinery products.

Psychological Distress and Coping Mechanisms in Infertile Couples

Numerous motivational and strong emotional intentions can be found in the background of the desire for a child. Hence unintended childlessness gives rise to a severe psychological burden to both members of the couple. In the literature, several studies are involved in the exploration of this subject, albeit most of them bring into focus the differences of psychological liabilities between the genders. A smaller proportion of these papers examined the psychological aspects affecting couples, and just a very small number of studies investigated the psychological aspects in men. Nevertheless, most of the studies proved that although the psychological aspects in women can be more significant compared to their partner, the psychological burden of infertile men are obviously above the population average. Several different, gender-specific coping-mechanisms have been identified, which tend to be less successful in men compared to women. The acquirement of proper coping mechanisms could be more emphasized during the psychotherapeutic part of reproductive treatment.

Subjectification Strategy of Author’s Statement in English Literary Xeno-Narrative

Literary xeno-narrative is a text illustrating the experience of interaction with cultural otherness that focuses on contrasting the in-group/out-group categories, with adaptation stress minimization and mental experience transfer as xeno-narrative functions. The author of the xeno-narrative forms the idea of the perfect reader through the implementation of strategies aimed at the recipient. The subjectification strategy of the author’s statement in literary communication is aimed at the reader’s personal acceptance of the author’s meanings in the text and the reader’s emotional involvement and empathy. This process is represented through the lexical and emotionally connotative language tools in xeno-narrative texts and also readers’ reviews corpus. The results of the study indicate the difference in the process of subjectification, understanding of content and the author’s emotional intentions among the readers with different national worldviews. The study is based on the materials of the electronic corpus of English and Russian readers’ reviews of the analysed narrative text. English-speaking readers recorded thematic units typical for the xeno-narrative and showed a high level of empathy to the immigrants’ experience associated with the personal experience of overcoming otherness. Russian-speaking readers drew on the thematic unit associated with intercultural interaction to a lesser extent, focusing on the timeline of growing up.

Harnessing horses in social pedagogy: Equine-assisted social education in a school context

This article introduces a school-based social pedagogical programme using horses to support pupils’ educational development, social and emotional skills and self-esteem. These are essential for pupils’ well-being, to reduce the risk of developing emotional disorders in youth and later life. In terms of academic outcomes, these social-emotional skills, character strengths and health benefits are recognised in the Finnish educational agenda. Equine-assisted social education (EASE) differs from recreational riding programs by its frame of reference in social pedagogy and in the human–equine bond it features, positioning horses as co-educators to improve interaction and collaboration. This human–equine communication supports both human and equine welfare if applied with attention, respect and empathy. Furthermore, the stables environment provides a setting for enhancing the pedagogical relationship and trust between pupils and their teacher. This equine activity practice, like other educational interventions, has physical, behavioural, social and emotional intentions. In addition, as social pedagogy is a complex and innovative discipline, EASE represents a ground-breaking practice within this discipline. The purpose is to respond to individual and social difficulties with preventive and problem-solving practice. As Finnish social pedagogy emphasises educational dialogue and communication, EASE facilitates non-verbal communication and positive behaviour. Additionally, it consists of factors improving collaboration through experiences, activities and dialogue.

Emotional Intentionality

AbstractThis paper sketches an account of what distinguishes emotional intentionality from other forms of intentionality. I focus on the ‘two-sided’ structure of emotional experience. Emotions such as being afraid of something and being angry about something involve intentional states with specific contents. However, experiencing an entity, event, or situation in a distinctively emotional way also includes a wider-ranging disturbance of the experiential world within which the object of emotion is encountered. I consider the nature of this disturbance and its relationship to the localized content of an emotional experience.

The Youth’s Shift Towards International Brands

The research paper aims to understand the dimensions of recent shift of youth buying behavior about several international brands that are launching into the market. Also, it aims to look for the association of emotional value, normative influence, purchase intention, perceived quality, and cost consciousness with brand awareness of international brands. A sample of 200 students from various departments of Punjab University, Lahore was selected. The results showed that there is significant relationship between all the variables. This was a quantitative, deductive and cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling technique was used to collect the data from 200 respondents from the University of the Punjab, Lahore. IBM-SPSS was used to analyses the data and regression was run to test hypotheses. Theoretical and practical contributions along with limitations and future direction are also discussed of the study.

Lessons from a Quarrel: The Intentionality of Emotion Revisited

AbstractI argue that a careful consideration of the internal relation between the expression of an emotion, ‘I am angry’, and the description of the object of that emotion, ‘That was wrong’, illuminates the sense in which emotions are intentional, and perhaps also rational, as brought out in cognitive accounts of emotion. It also throws light on the moral and interpersonal aspects of our emotional life, which I instantiate through a discussion of the different perspectives on what has happened between the parties in a quarrel and the kinds of failures of understanding that may take place in such cases.

Diagnosis of the interpersonal tolerance manifestation of senior preschool children

The article analyses the research methodology of levels of interpersonal tolerance manifestation among senior preschool children according to proposed criteria. Based on the structure of the tolerant personality of the senior preschool child, which consists of cognitive, emotional, motivational, evaluative, and behavioral components, the following criteria for diagnosing interpersonal tolerance of children has been singled out. These consist of the completeness of knowledge about society and about oneself, positive emotional intentions, social motives, acceptance of a human being as the supreme value, impartial assessment of actions and personality traits, tolerant behavior, and social competence. Each criterion is measured by the indicators presented in the article. Based on the existing academic literature, the following methods and techniques for diagnosing the peculiarities and levels of interpersonal tolerance formation of six year old children are analysed: conversation, observation, K. Taylor's game test Tale, the projective technique Cactus, icons, drawing, the methodology Diagnosis of socio-psychological settings of the personality in the motivational sphere by O. F. Potemkin, the test Drabinka, and the express diagnostics of values by T. Pirozhenko, S. Ladyvir. The experimental work carried out made it possible to draw conclusions about the major problems and shortcomings that take place in the structure of the tolerant personality of the senior preschool child. Furthermore, these conclusions point towards the direction of further work that is needed to increase the level of interpersonal tolerance formation. In particular, this applies to the knowledge of peoples and nations living in other countries, including their peculiarities and traditions. Additional work is also required in the sensory sphere, the ability to respond to the condition of another person, and detachment from one’s own selfish position. Therefore, it will be appropriate to focus on the development of the child’s decentralization and self-assessment. The obtained results lend support to simulating the content-technological support that will increase the level of interpersonal tolerance of children. Стаття розкриває методику дослідження рівнів прояву міжособистісної толерантності старшими дошкільниками згідно запропонованих критеріїв. З опорою на структуру толерантної особистості старшого дошкільника, яка містить когнітивний, емоційно-мотиваційний, оцінно-ціннісний, поведінковий компоненти, виокремлено наступні критерії діагностики міжособистісної толерантності у дітей: повнота знань про суспільство, про себе; позитивна емоційна налаштованість; просоціальні мотиви; прийняття людини як найвищої цінності, об’єктивна оцінка вчинків, якостей особистості; толерантна поведінка, соціальна компетентність. Кожен критерій вимірюється представленими у статті показниками. На підставі опрацьованої літератури пропонуються такі методи і методики, що дають можливість продіагностувати особливості та рівні вихованості міжособистісної толерантності у дітей 6-го року життя: бесіда, спостереження, ігровий тест К. Тейлора Казка, проективна методика Кактус, малювання піктограм, методика Діагностика соціально-психологічних установок особистості в мотиваційно-потребній сфері, (О. Ф. Потьомкіна), тест Драбинка. експрес діагностика цінностей за Т. Піроженко, С. Ладивір. Проведена експериментальна робота дозволила зробити висновки про найбільші проблеми і недоопрацювання, які мають місце в структурі толерантної особистості старшого дошкільника, і вказала на напрями роботи, яким треба приділити більше уваги для підвищення рівня сформованості міжособистісної толерантності у дітей. Зокрема, це стосується знань про народи і нації, які проживають в інших країнах, їх особливості і традиції. Також потребує додаткової роботи почуттєва сфера, уміння реагувати на стан іншої людини, відмежовуючись від власної егоїстичної позиції. Тому доречною буде і посилення уваги на розвиток децентрації та самооцінки дитини. Отримані результати дають підстави змоделювати змістово-технологічне забезпечення, яке сприятиме підвищенню рівня міжособистісної толерантності дітей.

Information Clues and Emotional Intentions: A Case Study of the Regional Image of the Cultural and Creative Community

In order to capture the value of cultural creativity, this study explored regional cultural creativities with different creative forms to understand how people interpret and interact with various regional cultural creative images. This was done by analyzing the abstract (performance) type of cultural creativity and the figurative (commodity) type of cultural creativity, in order to understand how existing regional cultural creativities operate information threads in social media, and how the different forms of content may lead to different levels of participation and feedback. The Cloud Gate Dance Theater can be taken as an example of an abstract cultural creation (performance type), and Green-in-hand as an example of a figurative cultural creativity (commodity type). In this study, all user page content for the period 1 January 2011, to 31 December 2018, and the number of user comments for each post were analyzed, for a total of 4784 posts. Computer science, data mining, big data, and social network analysis were combined to verify the findings of the analyses. Through an application programming interface (API), data and information in social media is extracted. Then data filtering, storage, and analysis is performed with meaningful information extracted for interpretation and for use in text mining to explore the relationship with the public based on content attributes. This study first verifies that the regional image is consistent with the social image location. Second, the information cues results found that information cues could be organized into region personality through any direct or indirect contact. Third, emotional clues can evoke emotions and self-expression, which is seen as an important clue to region emotions. In addition, this study also provides a conceptual framework for understanding how different forms of information, in regards to social management of existing regional cultural creativities, leads to varying levels of participation. Understanding the form of information is a key factor in the acceptance of information by the public. It is a reminder for cultural and creative institutions of the importance of text and images, and of figurative and abstract information planning in social content. In order to improve the competitiveness of the destination, using content interaction through social media to create and enhance a strong brand image is important.

Emociones, intencionalidad y racionalidad práctica: Un contraste de las teorías de las emociones de William James y Antonio Damasio

Se presentan y discuten las teorías de las emociones de William James y de Antonio Damasio haciendo énfasis en la intencionalidad de las emociones y en su entretejimiento con la racionalidad práctica. Se argumenta que la propuesta de James enfrenta varias dificultades para dar cuenta de ambos aspectos de las emociones y se muestra cómo la teoría neo-jamesiana de Damasio supera en parte algunas de esas dificultades, pero también da pie a otras objeciones. Al final se expone en forma breve la propuesta de Jesse Prinz sobre las emociones como “evaluaciones corporalizadas”, la cual procura incluir al mismo tiempo el aspecto cognitivo de las emociones y su naturaleza corporal.

RETRACTED: The role of destination image as a mediator between tourists’ emotional experiences and behavioral intentions: A study of wellness tourism

RETRACTED: The role of destination image as a mediator between tourists’ emotional experiences and behavioral intentions: A study of wellness tourism

The Impact of Leadership Responses to Sexual Harassment and Gender Discrimination Reports on Emotional Distress and Retention Intentions in Military Members

ABSTRACTReporting instances of sexual harassment and gender discrimination in the workplace is an integral part of the prevention and response efforts of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). Any military member who comes forward to report their experience should be provided appropriate intervention, support, and restorative care. While much research has focused on prevention efforts and encouraging reporting, few researchers have systematically examined what happens when military members come forward. In the military, leaders (the chain of command) are primarily responsible for receiving and investigating reports of potential sex-based military equal opportunity violations (SBMEO) involving sexual harassment or gender discrimination. This study used results from the congressionally-mandated 2016 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members (2016 WGRA) to identify military members who indicated experiencing a potential SBMEO violation and reported to their chain of command (n = 3,982) in order to examine the relationships among the actions as a result of reporting, reporting satisfaction, emotional distress, and retention intentions. Findings revealed experiencing positive actions as a result of reporting was associated with increased satisfaction with reporting, which in turn, was associated with decreased emotional distress and increased retention intentions. Conversely, experiencing negative actions as a result of reporting was associated with decreased satisfaction with reporting, increased emotional distress, and decreased retention intentions. These findings highlight the crucial role military leaders serve in supporting those who come forward in mitigating potential negative outcomes associated with SBMEO violations that could impact military readiness.

Correcting Things as Correcting Feelings: A Phenomenological Study of Wang Yang-ming’s Doctrine of Ge-Wu

This article is designed to offer a phenomenological reading of Wang Yang-ming’s (王陽明) doctrine of ge-wu (格物), which, as a part of Wang radical reading of The Great Learning (Da-Xue 大學), distinguishes his doctrine from that of Zhu Xi (朱熹). Wang argues that ge-wu, as rectifying things, is the same process with the act of cheng-yi (誠意), in which yi (意) and wu (物) form a relation of intentionality in Edmund Husserl’s sense. Since for Wang, what can be made sincere are emotional yi such as liking and disliking, Husserl's phenomenology on emotional intentionality will be used in this article. The emotional intentionality is the unity of emotional noeses and valued noemata. For Wang, ge-wu is to change a wu improperly valued into a proper one, which is the same process of rectifying an immoral yi into a moral one.

Emotional Intentionality and the Attitude‐content Distinction

AbstractTypical emotions share important features with paradigmatic intentional states and therefore might admit of distinctions made in theory of intentionality. One such distinction is between attitude and content, where we can specify the content of an intentional state separately from its attitude, and therefore, the same content can be taken up by different intentional attitudes. According to some philosophers, emotions do not admit of this distinction, although there has been no sustained argument for this claim. In this article, I argue that the way values figure in emotional experience qualifies the content of emotional experience such that the attitude‐content distinction cannot be applied.

Reverse Dissection and DiceCT Reveal Otherwise Hidden Data in the Evolution of the Primate Face.

Facial expressions, or facial displays, of social or emotional intent are produced by many mammalian taxa as a means of visually communicating with conspecifics at a close range. These displays are achieved by contraction of the mimetic muscles, which are skeletal muscle attached to the dermis of the face. Reverse dissection, removing the full facial mask from the skull and approaching mimetic muscles in reverse, is an effective but destructive way of revealing the morphology of mimetic muscles but it is destructive. DiceCT is a novel mechanism for visualizing skeletal muscles, including mimetic muscles, and isolating individual muscle fascicles for quantitative measurement. Additionally, DiceCT provides a non-destructive mechanism for visualizing muscles. The combined techniques of reverse dissection and DiceCT can be used to assess the evolutionary morphology of mimetic musculature as well as potential contraction strength and velocity in these muscles. This study further demonstrates that DiceCT can be used to accurately and reliably visualize mimetic muscles as well as reverse dissection and provide a non-destructive method for sampling mimetic muscles.

Organisational justice, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intention among Korean IT professionals: moderating roles of job characteristics and social support

We performed a study to determine the influence that organisational justice has on turnover intention through emotional exhaustion and the moderating roles of job characteristics (job satisfaction and job commitment) and social support (supervisor support and colleagues support) in IT departments of Korean firms. Appropriate measures were developed and tested on 579 respondents who were programmers, systems analysts, and system operators with a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. The results showed that procedure justice, interaction justice, and distribution justice of organisational justice have negative impacts on employees' emotional exhaustion in IT departments. Emotional exhaustion has a significant effect on turnover intention. The moderating effects of job satisfaction and colleague support in the relationship between emotional exhaustion and turnover intention are significant at the level of 0.05. Thus, managers should focus on enhancing organisational justice to reduce turnover intention while improving job satisfaction, job commitment and social support.

Moderating Effects of Wage Satisfaction and Social organizational Support on the Relationship between Emotional Dissonance and Turnover Intention among Korean Dental Hygienists

Moderating Effects of Wage Satisfaction and Social organizational Support on the Relationship between Emotional Dissonance and Turnover Intention among Korean Dental Hygienists

Emotional intensity: an additional dimension to understand emotional confidence and purchase intentions

Emotional intensity: an additional dimension to understand emotional confidence and purchase intentions