Emotional Empathy Research Articles

Awareness As a Vehicle for Well-Being: College Students’ Lived Experiences Participating in a Mindfulness-Based Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic

ABSTRACT College students are experiencing increasing rates of mental health problems, with difficulties exacerbated by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has demonstrated efficacy in treating psychological problems and promoting well-being within this population. Less well-understood, however, are MBSR participants’ perceptions of the mechanisms underlying this therapeutic change. The current qualitative study examined nonclinical college students’ experiences participating in a randomized controlled trial of an online adaptation of MBSR, administered during the fall 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants who had recently completed the MBSR course. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants described greater self-awareness, relational awareness, present-moment awareness, and body awareness as resulting in improved emotion regulation, empathy, communication, and well-being, while reducing anxiety and physical pain. These findings support and extend other theoretical models of change in mindfulness-based interventions. The results further suggest that online MBSR adaptations may be beneficial in promoting mental health for college students and that cultivating greater awareness may help in bolstering psychological well-being within this population.

GUIDING THROUGH THE TECHNOLOGICAL ERA: UNDERSTANDING AND ADDRESSING MODERN CHALLENGES IN CHILD PSYCHOLOGY

Articles In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, children are navigating a complex landscape that significantly impacts their psychological development. This article delves into the multifaceted challenges faced by children in today's digital age and offers insights into addressing these issues from a psychological perspective. The pervasive presence of technology introduces novel challenges that affect children's cognitive, emotional, and social development. From excessive screen time and digital addiction to cyberbullying and online predators, children encounter various stressors that can detrimentally impact their well-being. Furthermore, the digital realm often blurs the boundaries between the virtual and real worlds, posing unique challenges for children in developing critical thinking skills and discerning between fact and fiction. Understanding these challenges is crucial for devising effective solutions. This involves fostering digital literacy skills, promoting healthy screen-time habits, and cultivating resilience to cyber-related stressors. Additionally, fostering open communication channels between children, parents, and educators can facilitate constructive dialogue and support systems to address emerging issues. Moreover, recognizing the importance of holistic development, interventions should encompass not only technological aspects but also consider broader psychosocial factors. By fostering a supportive environment that nurtures emotional intelligence, empathy, and interpersonal skills, children can develop the resilience and coping mechanisms necessary to thrive in the digital age. This article synthesizes current research findings and practical insights to offer a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by children in today's technologically driven society. By integrating psychological perspectives with practical strategies, this research aims to empower stakeholders in promoting the well-being and healthy development of children in the digital era.

Personality Traits and the Growth of Emotional Intelligence. A Systematic Evaluation

Emotional intelligence (EI) and personality traits are inherent factors that shape individuals' perception, cognitive processing, and behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. This study examines the complex interplay between personality traits and emotional intelligence (EI), investigating how certain personality traits can impact the formation and expression of EI. By employing a blend of empirical investigation and theoretical examination, we evaluate the correlation between fundamental aspects of an individual's personality, namely openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, and their emotional intelligence (EI) capacities, including self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. This study utilized fourteen articles acquired through a systematic search using the keywords "emotional intelligence and personality" in the Scopus and PubMed databases. An individual's personality plays a significant role in shaping their emotional intelligence, which in turn has a profound impact on multiple domains of human endeavor. Initial findings indicate that specific personality traits may facilitate developing emotional intelligence (EI), whereas others may pose obstacles that necessitate focused interventions. Acknowledging the interaction between personality and emotional intelligence (EI) presents novel opportunities for comprehensive personal growth, emphasizing the significance of customized approaches encompassing both aspects. This study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive comprehension of human behavior, advocating for approaches that accommodate the distinct interplay between an individual's personality and emotional intelligence. These strategies aim to enhance personal and interpersonal outcomes to their fullest potential.

Pengaruh dark triad personality terhadap perilaku cyberbullying: Empati dan regulasi emosi sebagai mediator

Currently, cyberbullying remains a problem globally. This issue is prevalent among teenagers. Several studies have explored this problem, but none have attempted to test the theoretical model of the dark triad personality, empathy, and emotional regulation on cyberbullying. This research aims to test a model involving cyberbullying, dark triad personality, empathy, and emotional regulation as mediators. A total of 309 out of 1205 high school students from two private schools (207 students) and one public school (102 students) in Yogyakarta voluntarily participated in this study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit respondents. The cyberbullying scale (α = .932), dark triad personality scale (α = .752), empathy scale (α = .785), and emotional regulation scale (α = .915) were used to collect data. Content validity and internal consistency reliability were applied. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Amos 12 software. The results of this study indicate that the model of dark triad personality, empathy, and emotional regulation as mediators of cyberbullying behaviour produces a well-fitting model with its empirical data (CMIN=.747, p=862, RMSEA= .000, GFI= .999). Emotional regulation and empathy partially mediate the influence of psychopathy and narcissism on cyberbullying behaviour. Psychopathy is the only personality trait of the dark triad that directly or indirectly affects cyberbullying. The implications of the research are the need to develop interventions to reduce the dark triad personality traits and enhance empathy and emotional regulation in adolescents, in order to avoid cyberbullying behavior.

An Interpretable Machine Learning Approach to Predict Sensory Processing Sensitivity Trait in Nursing Students.

Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a personality trait that makes certain individuals excessively sensitive to stimuli. People carrying this trait are defined as Highly Sensitive People (HSP). The SPS trait is notably prevalent among nursing students and nurse staff. Although there are HSP diagnostic tools, there is little information about early detection. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop a prediction model to identify HSP and provide an individualized nursing assessment. A total of 672 nursing students completed all the evaluations. In addition to the HSP diagnosis, emotional intelligence, communication skills, and conflict styles were evaluated. An interpretable machine learning model was trained to predict the SPS trait. We observed a 33% prevalence of HSP, which was higher in women and people with previous health training. HSP were characterized by greater emotional repair (p = 0.033), empathy (p = 0.030), respect (p = 0.038), and global communication skills (p = 0.036). Overall, sex and emotional intelligence dimensions are important to detect this trait, although personal characteristics should be considered. The present individualized prediction model could help to predict the presence of the SPS trait in nursing students, which may be useful in conducting intervention strategies to avoid the negative consequences and reinforce the positive ones of this trait.

Negative factors of personality hardiness that effect on ability to control situation and cope with the stress

IntroductionPersonality hardiness expresses the characteristics that help to overcome stress and achieve well-being.ObjectivesThis study focused on the Hardiness as the important personality trait, which allow coping with stress and the relationship of empathy, emotional sensitivity and the personality hardiness.Methods88 healthy volunteers, students aged 17 to 26 years (mean age = 19, SD = 1,69), participated in this study. We used Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the Maddi Hardiness Survey (adapted by Leontyev), Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-11), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy (QMEE).Results The cluster analysis was used to identify groups of hardy personalities. We demonstrated a negative relationship between hardiness and depression and burnout. It revealed significant differences between these groups by the following traits: Attention (BIS-11), Self-Control (BIS-11), Cognitive Complexity (BIS-11), Hostility (BPAQ), Exploratory activity (NS1 TCI), Shyness of strangers (HA3 TCI), Resourcefulness (S3 TCI). Regression analysis was used to identify Hardiness factors and to build the following regression models. For the first group the models describe 100% of dispersion (R-square=1,000, Durbin-Watson statistic = 1,419) and are:Control = -16,998 - 2,922*С2 + 3,549*С5 + 3,264*CI + 0,723*ST2 + 0,747*S4 - 0,306*SC + 0,166*RD3 - 0,020*C — 0,003*NS2, where C2 – scale Empathy (TCI), C5 – scale Principles (TCI), CI – cognitive instability, ST2 – Transpersonal identification scale (TCI), S4 – Self-acceptance (TCI), SC – Self-Control (BIS-11), RD3 – Social attachment (TCI), C – Cooperativeness (TCI), NS2 – Impulsive decision making (TCI). The Hardiness model described 50% (R-square=0,456) of dispersion:Hardiness = 63,527 – 4,080*C2, where C2 –Empathy scale (TCI) (p=0,003).The regression models of the second group explain 50% of group dispersion (R-square=0,512) and are Independent variables significance p<0,05:Challenge = 12,484 + 0,389*SC + 0,197*EE — 0,702*RD1 — 0,206*A,where SC- Self-Control scale (BIS-11), EE – Emotional Empathy (Personality test of Emotional Empathy), RD1 – Sentimentality scale (TCI), A – Anger (BPAQ).The Hardiness model describes 35% of dispersion (R-square=0,364, Durbin-Watson statistic = 2,066): Hardiness = 100,352 + 0,941*SC — 0,527*H, where SC – Self-Control scale (BIS-11) (p=0,009), H – Hostility scale (BPAQ) (p=0,021).ConclusionsThus, the attention and self-control problems, hostility, cognitive complexity and shyness have a negative impact on hardiness.Our results suggest that the excessive use of empathy leads to decrease of ability to control situation and cope with the stress.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Emotional Empathy and Multiplex Derangement of Childhood in The Kite Runner: A Study of Cultural Upheaval and Collective Identity

Emotional Empathy and Multiplex Derangement of Childhood in The Kite Runner: A Study of Cultural Upheaval and Collective Identity

Immersive Empathy in Digital Music Listening: Ideas and Sustainable Paths for Developing Auditory Experiences in Museums

With the development of modern technologies, museums have been engaged in the competition for novel sensory resources. Taking into consideration the main body of visitors, their experiential representation has gradually become the focal point of the museums. However, at present, the museum display is limited to visual effect. The scientific and technological methods proposed by existing research have not really formed a deep cultural memory of historical stories, and the sustainable development paths of museums need to be further optimized. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the conception and path of museum auditory experience development, and to verify the existing patterns of empathy in museum auditory experience development. We set up digital music vocalization tools in the museum to temporarily create the immersion experience for digital music. In this scenario, we could meticulously observe the tourists’ experience, with the joint effect of active cognitive environment and environment-driven emotion. We also conducted a timely survey on the cognition, emotion, and experience of the observation subjects after the experiment. Last, empirical methods has been used to analyze the role of immersive empathy in enhancing visitors’ experience, in order to gain insights into visitors’ perception and cognition of the museum, integrating with the digital music. After analyzing the collected data, this study found that cognitive empathy has a significant positive impact on visitors’ experience. It indicated that for the historical stories presentation, the properly integration of museum and digital can help tourists deeply understand the historical events, which could restore the cultural connotation conveyed by the designer. Emotional empathy also has a significant positive impact on visitors’ experience. It showed that that the rendering of digital music will motivate visitors’ emotional fluctuation, during their visit to the museum. And through the combination of audio-visual effects, the constructed spatial perception, allowing visitors to enjoy immersive experience. This study proposed a vision for the development of auditory experiences in museums, based on both cognitively active immersion and emotionally passive immersion of visitors. We also suggested that in the new era, museums need to reform with voice, to timely adjust and innovate their way to exhibit cultural relics, with the hierarchical design of audiovisual integration to construct a more appealing scene and atmosphere.

Evaluating emotional competencies in health professionals in a city in Colombia

IntroductionEmotional competencies, according to Bisquerra Alzina & Escoda (2007), refer to “knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to understand, express and appropriately regulate emotional phenomena” (p. 22) in the management of emotions with oneself and with the other.ObjectivesMeasure the emotional competencies Empathy, Emotional Expression and Emotional Regulation in health professionals in healthcare centers.MethodsQuantitative descriptive. The Inventory of Emotional Competencies for Adults (Mikulic, Crespi, Radusky, 2015) was applied to 30 participants (doctor, psychologist, nurse, dentist).ResultsThe grouped measurements show skills at a medium and high level. Table 1.Measurement of empathy capacity, emotional regulation capacity and emotional expression capacityFrequencyPorcentEmpathyMedium2790,0High310,0Emotional RegulationMedium1550,0High1550,0Emotional ExpressionMedium2686,7High413,3Total30100,0The emotional reaction of congruence with the emotional state of the other, empathy, shows a medium level (Table 1), a result consistent with the study by Ruiz González (2019), in the Colombian population, where a medium level of empathy is observed in doctors. In the strategy for management, support, increase and suppression of the current affective state to self-soothe and find a state of relaxation, it is at an average value between medium and high (table 1.)In the ability to start and maintain conversations, express one’s own thoughts and feelings clearly, both in verbal and non-verbal communication, and demonstrate to others that they have been well understood, the level is mostly medium (table 1.)ConclusionsThe levels of emotional competencies evaluated are mostly in the middle in the assessment by dimensions, empathy registered a lower level in contrast to other dimensions.Taking into consideration professional practice, response to organic and mental human vulnerability, it is a field for promoting the well-being of the health professional.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Couples’ empathy and sensitive responsiveness to a crying baby simulator

Emotional empathy has been linked to prosocial behaviors and is deemed crucial for parenting and caring for infants. This study examined whether emotional empathy (dispositional and in response to infant crying) is associated with sensitive responsiveness, as observed in 221 heterosexual couples (half of whom were expecting their first child) during a standardized caregiving situation. Simulators resembling real infants were used. Caregiving performed by each partner individually and as a couple was observed using the Ainsworth sensitivity scale. The partners rated their own empathy and their perceived partner’s empathy toward the infant simulator. The Polish version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index was used to measure dispositional emotional empathy (empathic concern, EC; personal distress, PD). Multilevel modeling showed that self-reported and partner-reported empathy elicited by the infant simulator mediated the association between dispositional empathic concern and sensitive responsiveness during caretaking. Women were more empathic and responsive while caring for the infant simulator, and couple sensitive responsiveness was predicted by higher dispositional EC and lower PD in women but not in men. Our findings suggest that dispositional empathy and empathic reactions toward an infant simulator might translate into better adjustment to parenthood and more responsive parenting and coparenting.

종교교양교육으로 보는 마음공부: 감정, 공감, 취사를 중심으로

[Objective] This study aims to explore the key elements of mind study, namely emotion, empathy, and mindful choice, through ‘Meditation and Character Cultivation’, a religious liberal arts education course at Wonkwang University. [Contents] The research analyzes the religious liberal arts education at Wonkwang University, which is based on the founding spirit of Won Buddhism. Focusing on the ‘Meditation and Character Training’ course, it investigates the emergence and recognition of emotions, the enhancement of empathy abilities, and the process of mindful choice. In this process, the study illuminates the interrelationship between emotions and sensory conditions, as well as the diversity and complexity of emotions, examining how these elements play a crucial role in mind study. [Conclusions] This study demonstrates how the religious liberal arts education of Won Buddhism can contribute to socially harmonious behavior choices by integrating emotion awareness and empathy capacity. Particularly, it provides concrete examples of how mind study can play a positive role in religious liberal arts education.

The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Work Stress in Banking: Unveiling the Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence

The objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the factors that contribute to job stress among banking employees in Karachi. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between transformational leadership and work stress, in the social exchange theory. The study collected data from multiple individuals employed at various banks in Karachi. A questionnaire was employed to gather information from a total of 380 employees. The analysis of this study was conducted using the SMART-PLS4. For this quantitative research study, convenient sampling was employed, along with a cross-sectional technique. The findings suggest that transformational leadership and work stress are positively correlated. Additionally, emotional intelligence factors, including self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, and empathy, were found to mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and job stress. However, the study did not find evidence to support the mediating effect of social skills on this relationship. In Karachi's banking sector, putting transformational leadership into practice and giving emotional intelligence training top priority can greatly lower workplace stress, improve the well-being of workers, and create a more optimistic and successful work atmosphere. The cross-sectional approach and sample size of this study restrict the findings to the banking industry in Karachi. For a more comprehensive knowledge of the evolution of work stress and wider generalizability, future studies should make use of longitudinal approaches and take into account other mediators and moderators. The research examines the relationship between transformational leadership and work stress through the novel mediator, emotional intelligence. The five components of emotional intelligence enable a more thorough investigation to gain a deeper understanding of workplace dynamics. Utilizing the study's structure to deliver valuable insights to the organizations.

Developing Rapport between Humans and Machines: Emotionally Intelligent AI Assistants

Abstract: A new area of research that has the potential to completely transform human-computer interaction is the incorporation of emotional intelligence into artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Through the use of sentiment analysis, facial recognition, and voice tone analysis, AI assistants are now able to recognize and comprehend human emotions, allowing them to respond to users with greater emotional nuance and empathy [1] [2]. This opens up new avenues for therapeutic mental health interventions, emotionally supportive dialogues, and improved customer service encounters [3].

Effect of Teachers' Work-Related Burnout on Emotional Empathy at the Higher Education Level

Teachers’ burnout is a contributing factor to many teachers leaving the field of education early in their careers and emotional empathy is also related to teachers’ burnout. The factors of emotional empathy are interpersonal emotional empathy and intrapersonal emotional empathy. The objectives of the study were to examine teachers’ work-related burnout and emotional empathy at higher education levels and to investigate the effect of teachers’ work-related burnout on emotional empathy at higher education levels. The research design is based on causal-comparative. The population of the study includes teachers’ of social sciences and humanities from different public and private universities in Lahore. 100 teachers were selected by using a multi-stage sampling method. Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Toronto Empathy Questionnaire were used to conduct the study. The results show that teachers’ work-related burnout hurts teachers’ emotional empathy.

랜덤박스 캐릭터 디자인에서 감성적 디자인 평가요소 분석

Recently, there has been an expansion in the development of new products based on consumer data, highlighting the growing importance of emotional design elements. Companies are exploring new evaluation methods for innovative character designs. This study proposes a model to assess and improve the emotional aspects of random box character designs. The methodology involved identifying emotional design elements and analyzing their importance through expert surveys using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique. The key elements identified were emotional empathy, creativity, sustainable value, and stability, each showing varying levels of importance. User satisfaction was measured using the IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) technique and compared with AHP results, revealing that the 'HIRONO character' had higher satisfaction levels than the 'SOSKID character'. This research presents a systematic evaluation method for emotional design elements, expected to provide important guidelines for the development of innovative character designs and contribute to continuous design improvement.

Autism-Linked Traits and Creativity: Empathy and Sensory Sensitivities in Children Predict Creative Activities and Openness

ABSTRACT Several studies have investigated the relationship between autism-linked traits and creativity in adults across the general population, but far fewer in developmental populations. Here we examined how creativity in children is linked to the autism-linked traits of empathy (i.e. ability to understand and engage with another’s emotions and feelings) and sensory sensitivities (i.e. over/under-responding to incoming sensory stimuli). Our study collected data from 659 children aged 6–12, treating autism-linked traits as global and domain level features. We collected two sets of creativity data, focussing on a personality trait associated with creativity (Openness to experience; with two facets of Ideas and Aesthetics) and engagement in creative activities (with two facets of Performance and Art). After controlling for age and gender, our global measure of empathy predicted all four creativity outcomes, especially Ideas (strongly linked to curiosity, inventiveness and idea generation). Similarly, children with greater Emotional empathy displayed more creative across all four creativity outcomes, particularly creative activities (Performance, Art). Social-cognitive empathy was associated with both Openness facets, particularly Ideas. Finally, we found that sensory sensitivities predicted several trivially-size effects. Our study contributes to a broader understanding of how autism-linked traits in the general population interact with features of creativity in children.

Abstract reasoning, theory of mind and character development in the school

We show that the development of abstract reasoning and cognitive empathy (theory of mind) is severely hindered when children are deprived of the stimulation of a school environment. We document significantly lower abstract reasoning and cognitive empathy scores in elementary school children who returned from an extended school closure caused by the Covid-19 pandemic relative to proximate pre-pandemic cohorts. This developmental delay has a significant socioeconomic gradient, with underprivileged children experiencing more substantial delays. We also document a significant disruption in the development of socioemotional skills: 0.24 sd lower grit, 0.43 sd lower emotional empathy, 0.06 sd lower epistemic curiosity, and 0.24 sd higher impulsivity. About eight months of school exposure results in a remarkable recovery in abstract reasoning and theory of mind for all socioeconomic groups. However, the measured levels still indicate significant delays relative to the expected developmental trajectories. No notable improvements are observed in socioemotional skills except for curiosity. These findings reveal that the damage school closures inflicted on children goes beyond well-documented academic losses and highlight the crucial role of the school environment in fostering fundamental cognition and socioemotional development in children.

Contemporary psychological perspectives on personal readiness for professional activity

The article highlights the results of the theoretical analysis of the concept of "psychological readiness" as a state of readiness to act or react to a trigger. "Psychological readiness for professional activity", in turn, is seen as a positive attitude towards the value and meaning of the professional role and acceptance of one's ability to perform it. The main structural components of the psychological readiness of an individual for professional activity, which includes operational, emotional, socio-psychological, psychophysiological components, have been considered. It has been indicated that psychological readiness for the profession is an important component of the student's self-improvement, promotes self-realisation in the professional sphere. The peculiarity of psychological readiness for professional activity of military personnel has been highlighted. The importance of emotional intelligence and empathy as a component of a person's psychological readiness for professional activity has been noted. A high correlation between the development of emotional intelligence and the components of psychological readiness has been determined, namely: the influence of intrapersonal emotional intelligence on the cognitive-target component of psychological readiness; the influence of interpersonal emotional intelligence on the behavioural component of psychological readiness as a factor in ensuring the successful professional activity of specialists of different profiles. The mandatory inclusion of methods of studying emotional intelligence and empathy in the study of psychological readiness of a person for professional activity has been suggested.

Nursing Students’ Experiences of Palliative Care for Dying Patient

A nurse requires to acquire the proper ability to care for dying patients. In nursing education, palliative care is a complex action that tends to be challenging for nursing students. This is because there is an interaction among learning professionalism, emotional empathy, and other grieving feelings related to the palliative conditions of the patient. Palliative care interventions provide various challenges and learning for nursing students according to socio-cultural and demographic characteristics. This study aimed to determine nursing students’ experiences of caring for dying patients. This research was qualitative research with a phenomenological design. The data was obtained through in-depth interviews. Based on data saturation, 12 informants had experiences of caring for dying patients within a previous year, obtained through a purposive sampling method. The audio recordings were collected and analyzed using the Collaizi technique. This study identified four themes: 1) feelings of caring for dying patients; 2) caring for dying patients; 3) self-influence in caring for dying patients; and 4) barriers to caring for dying patients. Feelings of fear, tension, confusion, and anxiety emerged when first time caring for a dying patient. The results of this study are expected as a reference for further research related caring for dying patients.

Mechanisms for the formation of empathic culture of students of pedagogical and medical universities

The relevance of this study is caused by the insufficient methodological development of the mechanisms and methods for the empathy formation among students of pedagogical and medical universities, which is an important professional competence of future teachers and doctors. The empathic culture of teachers and doctors is an integral part of the personal culture, a component of profession skill that requires purposeful formation and development. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the mechanisms of formation of the empathic culture in students of pedagogical and medical universities. The main research method is based on the selected diagnostics: 1. The method of diagnosis of communicative control (M. Schneider); 2. Assessment program of non-verbal communication (A.M. Kuznetsova); 3. Methodology ‘Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale’ (A. Mehrabian, E. Epstein). Results. In the profession of a doctor and teacher, we have demonstrated that empathy is an important professional quality. The majority of students of pedagogical and medical universities showed average levels of empathic culture. Emotional and activity channels of empathy are more developed among teachers, and cognitive channels are more developed among physicians. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the professional training of students of pedagogical and medical universities.