Eminent Tool Research Articles

Analysis of the Stability and Chaotic Dynamics of an Ecological Model

Modelling has become an eminent tool in the study of ecological systems. Ecological modelling can help implement sustainable development, mathematical models, and system analysis that explain how ecological processes can promote the sustainable management of resources. In this paper, we also chose a four‐dimensional discrete‐time Lotka–Volterra ecological model and analyzed its dynamic behavior. In particular, we derived the parametric conditions for the existence of biologically feasible solutions and the stability of the fixed points. We also provided graphs to study the spectrum behavior of all fixed points. In addition, we have seen that when the intrinsic dynamics of the population exceed a certain threshold, the system bifurcates. This particular range of inherent population dynamics depends on the values of other biological parameters and the initial population. We proved that the instability of the model resulted in Neimark–Sacker and period‐doubling bifurcations. To confirm these two types of bifurcation, we used bifurcation theory, and to find the direction of bifurcation, we used graphical results. Mainly, through novel periodic plots, we confirm the coexistence of the population and the possible equilibrium states. We apply Marotto’s theorem to verify the existence of chaos in the system. To control the chaos, we use a hybrid control feedback methodology. Finally, we provide numerical examples to illustrate our theoretical results. The outcomes of the numerical simulations show chaotic long‐term behavior across an extensive range of parameters.

Data-Driven Exploration of Web Browsing Habits: A Visual Analysis with BHVis

Browsing history is an eminent tool for internet users to keep track of the daily and specially visited webpages without bookmarking them. Traditional history tools have become insufficient to satisfy their purpose of addressing complex browsing patterns. Graphical interfaces are the critical solutions for these complexities. Therefore, visualising the browsing histories interactively can be helpful in this case. There are many built-in basic visualisation browsing icons for the ease of the users in different browsers, which help the user quickly access the visited pages. But these tools lack in-depth analysis of users' browsing habits. In this study, we propose a novel approach for visualising the browsing history data and browsing habits of the user. We named this system BHVis (Browsing Habits Visualisation), which visualises the user’s web page visits using different visualisation methods and visual representations to make the browsing habits of the users explicable. The main contribution of this system is to enable users to gain insight into their browsing patterns and enable self-analysis and self-improvement. The system is evaluated based on different case studies. The study shows that this system enables users to gain insights into their web usage and monitor their web browsing habits.

Liquid biopsy – An advance diagnostic tool for tracking of tumor cells

An eminent tool is required for easy detection of disease aggressiveness, identification, and prognosis of treatment. This shows the importance of a non-invasive procedure called liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsy is a liquid biomarker that identify the tumor markers from human body fluids. The small amount of tissue obtained by needle biopsies may not represent the most aggressive subclones and some remote sites cannot be reached out by needles. Here is a review that will describe and compare and contrast sources such as circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA, exosomes role in the liquid biopsy field.

Artificial Intelligence: An Eminent Tool in Healthcare Industry

Abstract:According to WHO Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds great promise for improving the delivery of healthcare and medicine worldwide, but only if ethics and human rights are put at the heart of its design, deployment, and use. AI continues to significantly outperform humans in terms of accuracy, efficiency and timely execution of medical and related administrative processes.This article briefly discusses the incorporation of AI based technologies for Medical assistance.The use of technology has aided in offering reliable and enhanced responses.This article aims to unfolds the importance of technology assisted services in Medical field and further through light upon recent advancements of AI in amalgamation with Healthcare sector. Keywords:Digital twin, Telesurgery, Ti Robot, Automated Defibrillator

Effect of annealing temperature on the photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide

Simple acid precipitation method was adopted for the synthesis of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide with sodium tungstate dihydrate as precursor. To study the effect of temperature on the crystal structure and optical properties of tungsten oxide, as-prepared sample is annealed at 300,500 and 700 0C each for 2 hrs. Characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV–visible and PL are done to analyse the impact of annealing temperatures on the properties of annealed samples. The photocatalytic activity of the annealed samples (W300, W500 and W700) is evaluated by the degradation of MB dye under UV light irradiation. Low temperature annealed samples showed mixed phase of orthorhombic and monoclinic structure while phase pure monoclinic structure was obtained on increasing the annealing temperature to 700 0C. The high crystallinity of the samples is evident from the XRD pattern and the average crystallite size of the samples are obtained in the range 9–25 nm. The influence of crystal defects on the microstrain was carried out by using Williamson Hall analysis and it is found that microstrain decreased with increase of annealing temperature, indicating a lowering of defects arising due to cation or anion vacancies. The optical band gap energies of the samples are measured from diffused reflectance spectrum of the samples using Kubelka-Munk relation and its value was obtained high for the sample W500. Further, PL emission intensity for the excitation wavelength of 250 nm was also high for the sample W500. From the photocatalytic studies, it is evident that the degradation efficiency is high for the sample W500, suggestive of its use as an eminent tool for the treatment of water.

Multimodal characterization of live cancer cells using atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy

Bio-atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an eminent tool for quantitative nanomechanical property mapping, high resolution imaging of various biomolecules, proteins, DNA, live cells in their physiological environment at single molecule level. Although atomic force microscopy was primarily developed for generating three-dimensional image of the substrate, development of PeakForce QNM mode has revolutionized that by allowing users to obtain maps of nanomechanical properties such as adhesion, Young’s modulus, and deformation with high resolution, and acquisition speed.

The Magnitudes of Personal Empowerment and Familial Life of Single Mothers Borrower’s in Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Microfinance has become an eminent tool that is used by the poor women of community of Pakistan to upsurge turns and lessen paucity in developing countries specifically in Pakistan as well as all over the world. This study examines the family life of single mothers that belongs to the remote area to generate defensible returns, rescuing prospects, prolific resources, and satisfying crucial requirements in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Data has been collected through Interview based on a Survey of 194 single mothers (divorcees, widows and separated) out of 400 women borrower’s in the District of Bahawalpur. The theory of human capital advocated that not only microcredit gradually relieving in their earnings but also trying to self-assured substantially highlights in age, education, economic decision making, marital status and number of kids among single mothers in Bahawalpur. Less over, results indicated a considerable progressive role of single mothers and provided significant practice and policy implications that focus the importance of the study and endlessly improve the family life of these suffering women.

Image Steganography using Improved Lsb-Mapping Technique with Enhanced Recovery Speed

In recent days, for sending secret messages, we require secure internet. Image steganography is considered as the eminent tool for data hiding which provides better security for the data transmitted over internet. In the proposed work, the payload data is embedded using improved LSB-mapping technique. In this approach, two bits from each pixel of carrier image are considered for mapping and addition. Two bits of payload data can be embedded in one cover image pixel hence enhanced the hiding capacity. A logical function on addition is applied on 1st and 2nd bits of cover image pixel, and a mapping table is constructed which gives solution for data hiding and extraction. Simple addition function on stego pixel is performed to extract payload data hence increases the recovery speed. Here the secret data is not directly embedded but instead mapped and added with a number using modulo-4 strategy. Hence the payload data hidden using proposed approach provide more security and it can resist against regular LSB decoding approaches. The proposed work is implemented and tested for several gray scale as well as color images and compared with respect to parameters like peak signal to noise ratio and MSE. The proposed technique gives better results when compared and histogram of cover and stego images are also compared.

Knight Tour for Image Steganography Technique

The growth rate of the Internet is exceeding that of any previous technology. As the Internet has become the major medium for transferring sensitive information, the security of the transferred message has now become the utmost priority. To ensure the security of the transmitted data, Image steganography has emerged out as an eminent tool of information hiding. The frequency of availability of image file is high and provides high capacity. In this paper, a method of secure data hiding in image is proposed that uses knight tour positions and further 8-queen positions in 8*8 pixel blocks.The cover image is divided into 8*8 pixel blocks and pixels are selected from each block corresponding to the positions of Knight in 8*8 chessboard starting from different pixel positions. 8-pixel values are selected from alternate knight position. Selected pixels values converted to 8-bit ASCII code and result in 8* 8 bit matrix. 8-Queen’s solution on 8*8 chessboard is applied on 8*8 bit matrix. The bits selected from 8-Queens positions and compared with 8-bit ASCII code of message characters. The proposed algorithm changes the LSB of only some of the pixels based on the above comparison. Based on parameters like PSNR and MSE the efficiency of the method is checked after implementation. Then the comparison done with some already proposed techniques. This is how, image steganography showed interesting and promising results when compared with other techniques.

Colorimetric and plasmonic pressure sensors based on polyacrylamide/Au nanoparticles

Colorimetric stimuli-responsive nanomaterials have emerged as an eminent tool for sensor applications. Among this class of sensing elements, gold nanoparticle-based (Au NP) nanostructures are promising materials due to their plasmonic features. In this study, free-standing flexible polymeric films having intense optical response upon application of mechanical pressure were fabricated based on polyacrylamide (PAAm) and Au NPs. Pressure may cause plasmonic shift most probably due to the disassembly of the clusters from blue to reddish individual particles depending on the extent of pressure. Temperature, time, and extent of pressure were examined in terms of spectral change of Au particles. The sensor films depict working range up to 160 MPa, which shows minor change at elevated temperatures probably due to the stress induced crystallization of PAAm. For practical applications, a simple red-green-blue (RGB) space-based algorithm was presented for smartphone-assisted detection of applied pressure. Moreover, the PAAm/Au composite structure shows self-healing without any additive under ambient conditions even after divided into pieces.

A New Method of Image Steganography Using 7th Bit of a Pixel as Indicator by Introducing the Successive Temporary Pixel in the Gray Scale Image

As the internet has become the medium for transferring the sensitive information, the security of the transferred message has become the utmost priority. Image steganography has emerged out as the eminent tool of information hiding that ensures the security of the transmitted data. Image files provide high capacity, and their frequency of availability over the internet is also high. In this paper, a method of image coding is proposed that hides the information along a selected pixel and on the next value of the selected pixel, that is, pixel + 1. One bit is hidden at the selected pixel, and the second bit is hidden on the pixel +1 value. On the basis of the 7th bit of the pixels of an image, a mathematical function is applied at the 7th bit of the pixels, which generates a temporary variable (pixel + 1). The 7th bit of the selected pixel and 7th bit of pixel + 1 are used for information hiding and extraction. On the basis of a combination of these two values, two bits of the message can be hidden on each pixel. After implementation, the efficiency of the method is checked on the basis of parameters like PSNR and MSE, and then comparison with some already proposed techniques was done. This proposed image steganography showed interesting, promising results when compared with other existing techniques.

The k0-standardization method and its multifacetness: an eminent tool to master NAA

It is outlined in the present paper that the continuous development and multi-purpose implementation of the k0-standardization in NAA implies the awareness, study and understanding of its many inherently associated facets. Considering this aspect, it is concluded that the k0-method can be regarded as an eminent tool to master neutron activation analysis in general.

Role of the CRISPR system in controlling gene transcription and monitoring cell fate (Review)

Even though the accrual of transcripts is implicated in distinct disease states, our knowledge regarding their functional role remains obscure. The CRISPR system has surged at the forefront of genome engineering tools in the field of RNA modulation. In the present review, we discuss some exciting applications of the CRISPR system, including the manipulation of RNA sequences, the visualization of chromosomal loci in living cells and the modulation of transcription. The CRISPR system has been documented to be very reliable and specific in altering gene expression, via leveraging inactive catalytically dead CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). In the present review, the CRISPR system is presented as an eminent tool for the meticulous analysis of gene regulation, loci mapping and complex pathways.

Comparison between EMINENT and other energy technology assessment tools

Currently, issues related with climate change, security of energy supply, energy efficiency and sustainability are at the core of all energy policies and strategies. The current technologies are not able to face this challenge; therefore, the development of new and more sustainable energy technologies must be supported. As part of this, energy technology assessment tools can help decision-makers in the identification and evaluation of sustainable energy solutions, in order to integrate them in long term energy strategies. The EMINENT tool was developed to assess the performance and market potential of early stage technologies (EST) in a pre-defined energy chain, under national conditions, in terms of financial, energy and environmental criteria. This paper presents a comparative study between EMINENT and other tools for energy technology assessment. The tools analysed were CO2DB, MARKAL, IKARUS and E3Database. Although there are many different energy technology assessment tools, EMINENT seems to be the only one targeting EST.

New concepts of homogenization applied in rough surface hydrodynamic lubrication

This work introduces a new concept of homogenization that enables efficient analysis of the effects of surface roughness representations obtained by measurements in applications modeled by the Reynolds equation. Examples of such applications are trust- and journal-bearings. The numerical analysis of these types of applications requires an extremely dense computational mesh in order to resolve the surface roughness, suggesting some type of averaging. One such method is homogenization, which has been applied to Reynolds type equations with success recently. This approach is similar to the technique proposed by Patir and Cheng, who introduced flow factors determining the hydrodynamic action due to surface roughness. The difference is, however, that the present technique has a rigorous mathematical support. Moreover, the recipe to compute the averaged coefficients is simple without any ambiguities. Using either the technique proposed by Patir and Cheng or homogenization, the coefficients determining the averaged Reynolds equation are obtained by solving differential equations on a local scale. Unfortunately, this is detrimental when investigating the effects induced by real, measured, surface roughness, even though these local problems may be solved in parallel. The present work presents a solution by applying the technique based on bounds. This technique transforms the stationary Reynolds equation into two computationally feasible forms, one for the upper bound and one for the lower bound, where the flow factors are obtained by straightforward integration. Together with the preciseness of these bounds, the bounds approach becomes an eminent tool suitable for investigating the effect of real, measured, surface roughness on hydrodynamic performance.