Growth Of Universities Research Articles

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Pemilihan Perguruan Tinggi Swasta (Studi pada Universitas Muria Kudus)

In recent years, many changes have occurred regarding the condition of higher education. Formerly, to study in higher education is considered as a prestigious thing. However, these days, higher education has been seen as a necessity for the community be able to improve social and economic conditions. This state, increase the number of private universities every year in every region of Indonesia. In Kudus, there were only one private university namely Universitas Muria Kudus. However, today there is another private university in the city. The emergence of another private university in Kudus will increase the competition to get new students. In order to compete with the new private university, it is needed to know factors that influence someone in the university choice. In this research there are four factors that could affect the university choice (1) characteristic of university, (2) quality and facility of university, (3) external factor, and (4) marketing/communication factor. Questionnaire result will be used as primary data in this research. The respondents for this research are 344 students that were on the first semester of all faculties in UMK. Proportional random sampling method is use to determine research sample. Result of the study show that quality and facility of university and marketing/communication factor each has positive and significant influence towards university choice. Meanwhile characteristic of university and external factor each has positive but not significant influence toward university choice.

Devotees of science and education of Crimea (the role of nobility in the establishment of Taurida National University)

The subject of this research is the specific contribution of the representatives of nobility and intelligentsia of Taurida Governorate to the establishment of Taurida National University in 1916-1918. The foundation of this university greatly benefited the development of culture, science and education in Crimea and Southern Russia. The goal consists in reflection of progressive and constructive influence of separate individuals on the formation of humanistic and sociocultural space of Taurida Governorate; as well as in systematization of information from dozens of sources for creation of the more objective and precise course of events. The relevance and scientific novelty are defined by the need to reconsider the Crimean cultural processes of 1916-1918; determine and describe particular factors related to the contribution of nobility and intelligentsia of Taurida Governorate to the establishment of Taurida National University. Emphasis is made on the contribution of separate individuals and scientific communities, as well as their role in the process of emergence of the first university in Crimea. The progressive-constructive character of the activity of nobility and intelligentsia in historical-cultural space of Crimea is demonstrated. Based on application of objective and contemporary approach to the events of 1916-1918, the author gives assessment of the events that correspond to representations of modern science, as well as conducts of comparative and generalizing analysis of the data from a number of sources.

Mass Higher Education in Russia: Features of Dynamics

The article considers the massification of higher education in post-Soviet Russia and shows its special aspects against the background of the studentship history in our country from 1917 to 2017. The main cause of the boom in the sphere of higher education at the turn of the century is the social and economic transformation of the society. The emergence of private universities and fee-based education in the public sector of higher education provided opportunities for broad segments of society. The unmet demand for higher education has resulted in an upsurge in the interest to higher education among the society. The similar boom and wave-like dynamics may be traced regarding postgraduate training due to long lasting deficit. The paper presents the results of comparing student body dynamics in universities, postgraduate and doctoral schools and shows the boom synchronicity at the levels of universities and postgraduate schools.

ПОЄДНАННЯ РИМО-ГОТСЬКОЇ ТА РИМО-ІРЛАНДСЬКОЇ ТРАДИЦІЙ У МУЗИЧНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ КАРОЛІНГСЬКОГО ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ

У статті йдеться про переплетення двох культур на теріторіі континентальної Європи після варварського завоювання –традицій музичного виховання Вестготської Іспанії та досягнень в освіті ірладских монастирів, що були впроваджені Алкуїн Йоркським в Імперії Карла Великого. Музика у ті часи розглядалася як вища математична дисципліна, що була під силу лише найрозумнішим і найздібнішим учням. Автор статті аналізує публікації з цієї проблематики та визначає ту площину, яка на сьогоднішній день мало вивчена. Особливу увагу привернуто до обов΄язкового характеру музичної освіти у ранньосередньовічних європейських державах, на значення музики серед «семи вільних мистецтв», своєчасності появи шкіл-метріз для підготовки професійних церковних півчих, зародження меси як центральної частини богослужіння, ускладнення музичного малюнку християнських піснеспівів. Акцент зроблено на педагогічних ідеях Ісидора Севільського і Алкуїна Йоркського, методах заохочення та покарання, формах організації ними навчально-виховного процесу в єпископальних і монастирських школах раннього Середньовіччя, що стало фундаментом виникнення університетів в Західній Евпропі. Автор статті расскриває середньовічне розуміння музики як науки і як мистецтва, її складових частин: органіки, гармоніки й ритміки, у цитованих джерелах тієї далекої епохи аналізує відомості про інструменти, на яких грали учні монастирських і єпископальних шкіл на третьому рівні навчання, виділені ті семестри, коли вони займалися винятково музикою.

The Birth of Strategic Actors: From Primary to Secondary Temporality

This paper analyses the emergence of European universities as strategic actors from a temporal perspective. I argue, in line with the literature, that European universities have moved from being institutions to being organisations and, more precisely, organisational actors. I depart from the literature in arguing that this change also has a considerable temporal dimension that has up to now been neglected. The temporal dimension consists in a move from primary temporality, i.e., the making of time, to secondary temporality, i.e., the using of time. In making this argument the paper also responds to calls in the literature to take time more seriously for it shows how temporality constitutes strategic actors, rather than how already established strategic actors use time as a resource.

The Effect of Organizational Culture on the Growth of Private Universities in Nigeria

The emergence of private universities may have been an answer to the cries of the thousands of secondary school leavers being produced each year with little or no hope of gaining admission into the inadequate public universities. The purpose of this study is to assess the implications of organizational culture on the growth of private universities in Nigeria. The study was based on survey design and the entire population census of the 79 private universities represents the sample size of the study covered. The investigation relied on secondary data obtained on private universities. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics based on using the central tendency (mean) and frequency. The findings revealed that organizational culture has no effect on the growth of private universities in Nigeria. It also found that sustainability of private universities is high as only 2 universities had closed down operations in the 21years of its existence in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that organizational culture should be upheld in Nigerian private universities and intending proprietors should be thoroughly briefed on these unique cultures of universities so as to promote sustainability.

University cities’ evolution in context of human capital accumulation

In the context of global competition, attracting and retaining talent is the most important common goal of universities and cities. Universities have long played an important role in the competitiveness of cities, regions and the country as a whole, as they contribute to the accumulation of human capital. The interaction of the city and the university can be observed from the time of their formation. In this paper, the authors considered a parallel analysis of the development (evolution) of two different socio-economic systems such as the university and the city from antiquity to the present. Based on this analysis, we can conclude that universities have played a significant role in the development of cities, and cities, in turn, have led to the emergence and development of universities. The role of universities was that they were both centers of education and centers of research. It was within the framework of universities that the results of scientific research appeared, which moved cities up in evolution.

Integration and Innovation Determinants of Modern Mining Higher Education Development

The development prospects of Russian industry are defined as a transition to the post-industrial stage of development. It is characterized, on the one hand, by a high share of deep processing of raw materials, mass production of digital products; on the other hand – by the development of a “knowledge economy” and the emergence of technical universities in the place of flagships for innovative development. At present, the integration trend of industry and higher engineering education is deepening, globalization of national educational complexes is ongoing, and international university cooperation is developing. All this has become a part of the production process and education globalization. The university community cannot stand aloof from the all-pervasive process of globalization of social-and-economic relations, the formation of their planetary model. Universities of leading countries are actively integrating both into international educational and business interactions. The entry of Russian corporations into the world markets means the transfer of global requirements for personnel quality training. Special competencies in the post-industrial economy are becoming the determining factor of competitiveness. This is especially true for mining engineers, whose university training in Russia is also carried out in the context of integration of national higher education system in the global educational market.

The main stages of Roman law assimilation into European jurisprudence

Предпринята попытка систематизации основных этапов проникновения основ римского права в юридические концепции европейских государств, происходящего с момента их зарождения в конце XII в. до начала их сведения в национальные кодифицированные акты в XVIII в. Отмечается, что в этот период в европейских университетах и других научных школах наблюдалось преобладание преподавания римского права, в том числе Свода гражданского права (Corpus iuris civilis) – Дигестов Юстиниана, ставших основным текстом для проведения юридических исследований. Особое внимание уделено периоду между возникновением первых университетов в странах континентальной Европы и разработкой в XVIII в. национальных кодифицированных правовых актов.

Take-Home Exams in Higher Education: A Systematic Review

This work describes a systematic review of the research on take-home exams in tertiary education. It was found that there is some disagreement in the community about the virtues of take-home exams but also a lot of agreement. It is concluded that take-home exams may be the preferred choice of assessment method on the higher taxonomy levels because they promote higher-order thinking skills and allow time for reflection. They are also more consonant with constructive alignment theories and turn the assessment into a learning activity. Due to the obvious risk of unethical student behavior, take-home exams are not recommended on the lowest taxonomy level. It is concluded that there is still a lot of research missing concerning take-home exams in higher education and some of this research may be urgent due to the emergence of massive online open courses (MOOCs) and online universities where non-proctored exams prevail.

Examining the race for world-class universities in China: a culture script analysis

In this article, we examine how the concept of world-class universities has emerged in Chinese higher education at both the sectoral and institutional level. We examine policy decisions related to creating world-class universities on China’s mainland and institutional responses to these policies. We then read these policies through “cultural scripts”—an analytic approach focused on visible and hidden cultural properties (Tan 2012, 2015) that may inform policy direction. First, we examine the intersection of Confucian values and Communist history in China as they relate to higher education. Second, we critically analyze the role of neoliberalism in higher education development worldwide and specifically in China. Third, we investigate utilitarianism as a feature of higher education in China. Finally, we draw critical conclusions about the emergence of world-class universities in China and their overall impact on the higher education sector there.

Educational Marketing Mix and Student Satisfaction in Private Universities in Dubai

Marketing of higher education has become a strategic competitive tool due to the emergence of private universities. The purpose of this paper is to identify the important factors that influence students’ satisfaction at the higher education institutions (HEIs) and to measure the level of students’ satisfaction with respect to the educational marketing mix (EMM) being offered by the universities. Data was collected through questionnaires from randomly selected 324 students from Middlesex University and Wollongong University in Dubai. SPSS program was used to analyze the data. The study found that ‘People’ was the most important factor that influence students’ satisfaction level while ‘Program’ was the least. The satisfaction level of students was high; and this indicates the good performance of the universities in Dubai. The paper recommended conducting a further research that compares between student satisfaction in both public and private universities. Keywords: Student Satisfaction, Educational Marketing Mix, Higher Education, Student’s Choice, Dubai. DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-24-15 Publication date : August 31 st 2019

Researcher development in universities: Origins and historical context

This article explores the origins of researcher development in British universities. Its principal aim is to provide a coherent, and reasonably succinct, account of the evolution and development of researcher development that is as consistent as possible with what is known about the development of the Western university, the history of the research doctorate and the emergence of the research university. The main conclusion is that the origins of researcher development in the modern university can be found in the philology of the early modern university, which in turn emerged from the accumulation of knowledge in Western Christendom from other places and other times. Other conclusions are that there was little researcher development in the medieval university, and that the 'traditional' model of researcher development, centred on the PhD, is much more recent than is commonly supposed, so that, from a long-term perspective, the 'traditional model' may be but one stage in its continuing development. The article also develops a model that locates researcher development within a series of intellectual contexts: from the research process itself, to the advancement of knowledge more generally, and, finally, to changes in conceptions of knowledge itself.

Validation of Entrepreneurial University Model: A Qualitative Study with the Grounded Theory Approach

Background: Response to new expectations of society, government and industry has changed the role of universities. Nowadays, universities are expected to play a more active role in national and regional economic developments. Indeed, the emergence of entrepreneurial universities is a response to this expectation, which has entailed forming a new face for the new role of universities. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to validate an entrepreneurial university model with a grounded theory approach. Methods: The population in the qualitative part was the entrepreneurial university experts in universities in the west of Iran, of whom 12 were selected by snowball sampling. The study population in the quantitative part included 396, of whom 211 were selected as the sample. The confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to validate and test the conceptual model in SPSS, LISREL and PLS software. Results: Results of the qualitative part revealed 201 concepts, 21 categories and 6 main classes placed in form of a paradigmatic model with causal conditions, core category, context conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. Additionally, based on the results of quantitative section, the fitness indices (χ2/df = 2.114, GFI = 0.91, AGFI = 0.89, NFI = 0.97, CFI = 0.98, RFI = 0.97, RMR = 0.015, and RMSEA = 0.073) showed that obtained model has favorable fit and 6 main aspects and their conditions can explain the variable entrepreneurial university. Conclusions: Based on the results of the validation, the model and the conditions proposed in the study can evaluate an entrepreneurial university.

The Historical Development and Adaptation of Open Universities in Turkish Context

Open and Distance Learning (ODL) has a long history, one marked by the emergence of open universities, which was a critical development in the ecology of openness. Open universities have taken on significant local and global roles within the framework of meeting the needs of their respective regions of influence, and as such, their roles have evolved over time. Against this background, the purpose of this research is to explore the open university phenomenon by examining the case of Anadolu University in Turkey, a mega university that has transformed into what is now a giga university. More specifically, the research first looks at openness in education and how the concept itself has led to the emergence of open universities, before turning attention to Anadolu University, which is a dual-mode, state university with around 3 million enrolled students. Other issues that are addressed as part of this research include the rise of ODL and how it positioned itself within Turkish higher education; the historical development of Anadolu University and its massiveness, in terms of student numbers and services provided; local and global ODL practices; learner profiles, learning materials and spaces; exams and assessment and evaluation processes; learner support services, and Anadolu University’s contribution, as an open university, to the field of ODL. The research shows that as an open university, Anadolu University has narrowed the information gap and digital divide, has enhanced equality of opportunity in education, and has provided lifelong learning opportunities. More importantly, as an institution that has gone beyond the conventional understanding of an open university, Anadolu University serves as a catalyst of change and innovation in its emergence as a role model for other higher education institutions. The following recommendations were able to be developed from the examinations of this study: (1) develop a definition of “openness” based on the changing paradigms of the 21st century and online learning, (2) enter into national and international collaborations between open universities, (3) adopt culturally relevant open pedagogies, (4) develop and design heutagogy-based curricula, and (5) unbundle ODL services in mega and giga universities.

ACADEMIC MOBILITY OF UKRAINIAN STUDENTS IN THE HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE: BEGINNINGS, DIRECTIONS, MOTIVES

The article reveals the phenomenon of academic mobility of students, shows its genesis, trends and flows of mobile youth during historical periods. The attention was paid to the motivational component of the process of youth integration into the global educational space. The main periods of the academic mobility of students from the medieval origins to the present are highlighted. The first Western European universities are shown by the international intellectual centers of Europe XIV-XVII, where the leading youth of those times went. It is noted that the wandering lifestyle of medieval students was a way of integrating into the world of educational space. The attention is paid to the emergence of Ukrainian youth in European universities. The data on the number of Ukrainian students, their adaptation to the new cultural and educational society is given. Names of Ukrainians, graduates of European universities that became known to the world are mentioned. The need for mobility, as moved to find a better option and learning outside of their own intellectual environment, has been traced in different historical periods. Changes in the global picture of the movement of mobile students from the late 90’s of the XX century. The attention is focused on the modern problem of immigration of progressive Ukrainian youth, the reasons for the migration of students, the main centers of their accumulation are named. The main obstacles to promoting academic mobility of students to the European and world educational communities are considered. The emergence of virtual universities as an alternative to traditional appears, which become the basis of virtual academic mobility of the present.

Towards the Identification of Student Learning Communities using Centrality

Emergence of universities towards “digital university” has already been present for some years. The use of digital is largely developed to ensure a good quality of education. Universities therefore use large-scale learning management systems to manage the interaction between learners and teachers. Teachers can provide online training and educational materials for students following their classes and courses, monitor their participation and evaluate their performance. Students can use interactive features such as discussion threads, videoconferences, and discussion forums. These online tools make it possible to create new social networks or connect online social interactions. This will allow us to understand the structure of this complex network and extract useful information. In this article, we report our research on the detection of student learning communities based on learner activity. We found that it is possible to group students in communities through their messages and response structures using standard community detection algorithms. Also, that their behaviours can be strongly correlated with their closest peers who belong to the same community.

Early history of the Academy of Sciences: facts and their sociocultural reconstruction

The history of the project of Peter I on the creation of the Academy of Sciences in Russia is analyzed. The problems of the relationship between scientists and the Russian bureaucracy, as well as the effectiveness of the scientific activities of the Academy in the 18th century are examined. The sociocultural reconstruction of the conditions and mechanisms for transferring new forms of knowledge and relevant institutions to the Russian environment unprepared for this is discussed. It is shown that the Academy of Sciences has prepared the possibilities for the emergence of universities in Russia.

Recurrencias argumentativas y cuestiones en trabajos de titulación de pregrado: insumos para la programación de la formación argumental a nivel de pregrado

<p>La centralidad de la enseñanza de la argumentación en la formación universitaria ha sido transversal a toda la formación de pre y posgrado y connatural a ella desde los orígenes medievales de la propia institución universitaria; de hecho, esta formación se pone en ejercicio –y a veces es medida– en grados crecientes de complejidad a lo largo de toda la formación de pregrado con instrumentos entre los que descuella de manera particular el ensayo académico y su culminación más prístina: la tesis de grado.</p><p>El trabajo que presentamos forma parte de una investigación mayor destinada a recoger insumos relevantes para una programación de la formación argumental a nivel universitario, de manera que sus resultados son aún preliminares, pero, entre ellos, seleccionamos los que tienen relación con la recurrencia de cuestiones presentes y los tipos de argumentos preferidos por los estudiantes a la hora de escribir sus tesis de grado. Los resultados de la investigación revelan un panorama que acusa serios vacíos en la formación argumental de los estudiantes y una alarmante escasez de manejo de los recursos disponibles.</p>

Building builders: entrepreneurship education from an ecosystem perspective at MIT

This study is about new possibilities on entrepreneurship education. With the emergence of the entrepreneurial universities, academics and university managers started to pay more attention to fostering entrepreneurship among students. However, entrepreneurship education research became more oriented towards teacher activities and neglected the entrepreneurship ecosystem around the university and its role in educating an entrepreneur. This article aims to present new possibilities for entrepreneurship education from this ecosystem perspective. The method was a case study of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the results show educational practices that go beyond the classical model of classrooms, involving student-led activities, mentorship programs, competitions, and others. Project-based courses, experience-based activities and active-based activities are well covered in the data presented. In the discussions, we also present a model of organizing entrepreneurship education efforts and compare our results with other research on Swedish entrepreneurial universities. The conclusion reinforces the need to see entrepreneurship education through the lens of ecosystems, highlighting opportunities for future studies.