Elliptical Microstrip Research Articles

Design and analysis of a fabricated modified elliptical patch antenna with slots and partial ground plane techniques for UWB applications

This study presents a novel elliptical microstrip antenna (EMSA) design method for enhanced bandwidth. The proposed EMSA offers versatile polarization control, generating both linear and circular polarization. Wider impedance bandwidths compared to some other patch antennas make it suitable for broadband communication. Its compact size facilitates integration into space-constrained devices. Additionally, it provides polarization diversity for MIMO systems, reducing signal fading. The fabricated EMSA, operating at 7.05 GHz, achieves a simulated bandwidth of 5.7% and a measured bandwidth of 4.28%. It exhibits a return loss of -42 dB, 50 Ω impedance matching, 8.57 dB radiation gain, and a VSWR of 1.016. Two bandwidth enhancement techniques were investigated: reducing the ground plane size and incorporating slots within the patch. The partial ground plane achieved simulated and measured bandwidth improvements of 146% and 167%, respectively. The slotted patch yielded 160% and 180% improvements, respectively.

Design, Simulation and Analysis of Circular and Elliptical Antennas for 5G Applications

This research examines the design and simulation of both circular and elliptical microstrip antennas tailored for use in 5G technology, utilizing Ansoft HFSS software. The study assesses these antennas on parameters such as bandwidth, gain, and radiation patterns, aiming to meet the complex frequency demands of 5G networks. The findings suggest that circular antennas provide consistent omnidirectional coverage, whereas elliptical antennas excel in targeted coverage, essential for effective 5G communications. Moreover, elliptical antennas demonstrate significant benefits in point-to-point communications through adjustable radiation patterns. The paper offers insights into refining these antenna designs to cater to diverse 5G networking needs and proposes specific design changes to enhance their performance.

Design of a Microwave Quadrature Hybrid Coupler with Harmonic Suppression Using Artificial Neural Networks

In this paper, a compact and simple structure of an elliptic microstrip lowpass filter (LPF) is designed for harmonic suppression in microwave quadrature hybrid coupler (QHC) applications. A radial resonator and a rectangular resonator are used to produce an elliptic LPF. The proposed LPF is used on the outer sides of the branch line coupler, which has improved the coupler harmonic suppression. Furthermore, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are incorporated to improve the LPF design process. The LPF best structure is obtained using the proposed ANN model. The proposed LPF has a compact size, which only occupies 16.4 mm × 7.3 mm equals to 0.164 λg × 0.073 λg, has a cut frequency of 2.2 GHz, and shows a sharp transmission band with a roll-off rate of 158.3 dB/GHz. Finally, the deigned QHC operates correctly at 1 GHz, which shows high harmonic suppression ability. The proposed QHC provides wide suppression band from 2.25 GHz up to more than 14 GHz, which can effectively suppress 3rd, to 14th harmonics. The proposed coupler features desirable parameters of S11, S21, S31, and S41, with magnitude of −21 dB, −3.4 dB, −3.3 dB, and −22.5 dB, at the operating frequency. The proposed approach mitigates the complexity of the circuit fabrication, compared with the previous methods while achieved desirable performances for the proposed QHC.

Design of a Microstrip Filtering Antenna for 4G and 5G Wireless Networks

The filtering antenna provides both radiation and filtering features and is an important component for the RF front-end of wireless devices. The main function of a filtering antenna is to reject out-of-band signals, thus reducing the interference from adjacent channels. The aim of the present work is to design a 2.6 GHz microstrip filtering antenna for 4G and 5G global mobile services. The filtering antenna is designed using a hairpin bandpass filter integrated with an elliptical microstrip aerial. Good impedance matching is obtained by using appropriate dimensions of the hairpin bandpass filter. The 10 dB return loss bandwidth of the filtering antenna is approx. 5.7%, with the maximum gain for the elliptical filtering antenna of approx. 2.2 dB. Good agreements between the measured and simulated results are obtained for the proposed filtering antenna and the bandwidth covers almost the entire 2.6 GHz band.

Design and Comparison Study of Circular and Elliptical Microstrip Patch Antennas for 5G Applications

In this paper, the designs and performances of coaxial fed circular and elliptical microstrip patch antennas operating at 28 GHz and 38 GHz are investigated using CST and HFSS simulation techniques. The substrates used in the designs are Rogers-RT-5880, RT-Duroid-6002 and FR-4 with a same thickness of (h=0.2 mm). To identify the optimum radiation performance, a comparison for the fundamental parameters of the designed CMSPA and EMSPA are conducted. The numerical results show that although the CMSPA has a smaller patch area, its radiation performance is lower than the EMCPA. Moreover, the RT-Duroid-6002 substrate maintains the optimum radiation characteristics for the designed antennas, at which the EMSPA gain, directivity, S11 and BW values at 28 GHz and 28 GHz are (6.86 dB, 7.37 dB), (7.28 dB, 7.61 dB), (-23.14 dB, -19.23 dB), and (0.749 GHz, 1.300 GHz). While for CMSPA, their values are (6. 41 dB, 6.60 dB), (6.92 dB, 6.90 dB), (-19.11 dB, -12.50 dB), and (0.717 GHz, 1.077 GHz). The performances of the designed antennas are compared with the previously published works, and very good agreements are achieved. Finally, the designation of EMSPA which slightly studied at (38 GHz) shows a suitable antenna parameter reliable for many 5G applications systems.

Demonstrating Antenna Miniaturisation for Radiolocation Applications using Double Elliptical Patches

Double Elliptical Micro-strip Patch Antenna (DEMPA) is developed out of Double Elliptical Patch (DEP) which is a recently proposed shape of patch. The use of DEP results in higher flexibility in design of patch antenna and thus promotes antenna miniaturisation. The present work is an attempt to demonstrate the miniaturisation of radiolocation antenna through the concept of Design Flexibility (DF). In this paper, optimised neural network model for synthesis of DEMPA has been developed for radiolocation applications for which the earmarked frequency band is 8.50 GHz – 10.50 GHz. With the help of synthesis model, for an arbitrary operational frequency of 9.85 GHz, radiolocation antennas with effective patch area ranging from 142 mm2 to 66 mm2 were designed by using DEPs. In this case, the percentage reduction in effective patch area was found to be 53.52%. It shows that double elliptical patches can be employed to develop miniaturised radiolocation antennas. One prototype antenna was fabricated and tested to demonstrate the efficacy of the methodology adopted. The fabricated antenna had resonance at 10.15 GHz with a reflection coefficient of -20.73dB and bandwidth of 3.106 GHz (from 7.458 GHz to 10.564 GHz). Its Fractional Bandwidth was 34.469%. Positive and reasonably good gain was maintained over the entire working band. At resonance, the peak gain was 4.22 dB.The measured characteristics of antenna were in close agreement with the simulated results. The methodology presented in this paper can also be applied to frequency bands for other wireless applications.

New Design of Single Band Elliptical Microstrip Antenna for Satellite Communication

An elliptical microstrip antenna with a special slot pattern on the patch was designed covering a bandwidth of 9.8701 GHz to 10.535 GHz, with gain of 3.1 dBi to 3.49 dBi with a voltage standing wave (VSWR) of less than two and reflection coefficient (S 11) of -63.4 dB. Computer simulation technology (CST) was used to obtain simulation results, while a vector network analyser (VNA) was used to obtain practical results. The proposed antenna is intended for radiolocation and satellite communications, with dimensions of (19 × 23 × 1.6)mm 3, making it smaller than most UWB antennas, manufactured on a substrate with a relative dielectric constant (εr) of 4.3 and loss tangent (tan δ) of 0.025. Reasonable agreement was found between the practical and simulation results.

Frequency Reconfigurable elliptical microstrip patch antenna using resonator, partial removal in the ground, and PIN diode for L and C band applications

In this proposal a frequency reconfigurable elliptical patch antenna is proposed for L and C and application. A PIN diode with resonator is used to get the frequency switching. It has its bandwidths of 2 GHz and 2.5 GHz respectively in L and C bands when diode is OFF and band width of 3.7GHz in C band when diode is ON. The proposed model is simulated using commercial RF tool-HFSS. The substrate used in simulation is economical FR4 with 4.2 dielectric constant value and 1.6mm height having dimensions 40mm X 42mm in which the patch is 20mm X 40mm. The return loss (S11), VSWR, radiation pattern, E and H plane field strengths are obtained and the constructive simulated results mentioned, which are show the switching in frequency operation.

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE DUAL LAYER ELLIPTICAL SHAPE MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WI-MAX AND WLAN APPLICATIONS

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE DUAL LAYER ELLIPTICAL SHAPE MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WI-MAX AND WLAN APPLICATIONS

Microstrip Patch Antenna Miniaturization Using Magneto-Dielectric Substrates for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting

A mathematical modelling, and a derivation of the main parameters of the Magneto – Dielectric materials (substrate) and their effect on microstrip patch antenna design is shown. The Magneto – Dielectric materials (substrate) is shown to miniaturize the antenna size and enhance the bandwidth when used in the design of the microstrip patch antenna. The progression of the foundational modelling starts with laying out the concepts of the ferrimagnetic materials in terms of their permeability and permittivity, the components of antenna miniaturization. First, a ground free elliptical microstrip patch antenna (GFDSEPA) is simulated for miniaturization purposes at the 900MHz cellular band. A size reduction of almost 50% as well as bandwidth enhancement (100%) is achieved by utilizing the GFDSEPA. More size reduction is achieved by employing the magneto – dielectric structure; in this case the commercially available Rogers MAGTREX 555 substrate is used. Other performance parameters show comparable results between the antenna simulated based on dielectric only substrate and the one based on magneto–dielectric substrate. A comparison of the main parameters between the results of this work and other results in the literature is shown. The application of the microstrip patch antenna design in energy harvesting, by using a rectifier circuit, is shown. Layout scenarios of the energy harvester are proposed. The proposed layout of the energy harvester ensures practicality of the proposed design and assures correlation between simulation results and experimental results.

Design of dual band elliptical microstrip antenna for satellite communication

A microstrip antenna with an elliptical patch is designed. The antenna has dimensions of (19x23x1.6)mm 3, it is mounted on a substrate with 4.3 relative dielectric constant (εr ) and 0.025 loss tangent (tan δ) and it can be used for satellite communication. The antenna covers a bandwidth of (9.89-10.49) GHz and (17.4-19.24) GHz, the gain in the mentioned bands is (1.5-3.3) dBi and (4.6-2.8) dBi respectively with a voltage standing wave (VSWR) less than 2. The antenna is adjusted by adding a slot in the ground and steps in the feed line in order to get a better group delay characteristics. The simulation results are obtained using CST software.

Broadband and high gain multilayer multiresonator elliptical microstrip antenna

In this study, a low cost, broadband and high gain multilayer multiresonator microstrip antenna (MSA) is designed. It consists of one metallic fed patch at the bottom layer and two circular patches (1B2 T) are printed on the bottom side of the top FR4 substrate layer, which is air suspended. Two configurations with the bottom patch of circular and elliptical shapes are compared. The elliptical 1B2 T MSA provides better bandwidth (BW), i.e. 53.4% with peak gain of 9.8 dBi. The antenna design parameters are selected to provide maximum BW with uniform gain. The elliptical 1B2 T MSA is further enclosed in a metallic cavity, which improves the BW, gain and front to back (F/B) ratio of the antenna. The elliptical 1B2 T MSA with cavity enclosure is fabricated and tested. Experimental results are in agreement with simulated ones. The elliptical 1B2 T MSA with cavity provides 55.7% BW with peak gain of 12.1 dBi and F/B of >18 dB. The proposed antenna can be used in GPS, 2G, 3G, 4G and Wi-Fi frequency bands applications.

Calculate the optimum slot area of elliptical microstrip antenna for mobile application

<p>Designing and analysis the antenna parameter, for the calculation optimum the slot area for a new broadband elliptical antenna for mobile application, to enhancement impedance bandwidth. Two equations have been obtained, representing the first relationship between the area of the slot and the area of the patch, and the second represents the area of the slot to the wavelength of the band frequency. The antenna was implemented and gets simulation result using CST software and manufacturing on an FR-4 material with =4.3, tan (δ) =0.002 and the feeding line has a characteristic impedance of 50Ω. The proposed antenna is operating in the bandwidth 24GHz and the gain (6.8) dBi.</p>

Design Techniques for Elliptical Micro-Strip Patch Antenna and Their Effects on Antenna Performance

Elliptical Micro-strip Patch Antenna (EMPA) has been emerged as a peculiar and significant category among the different shaped micro-strip patch antennas because of its circular polarization and dual-resonant frequency features with a single feed. Elliptical and its derived shapes such as semi-elliptical, half-elliptical, slotted-elliptical and elliptical ring are found to be particularly instrumental for bandwidth enhancement and these antennas find great applications in Ultra Wide Band (UWB) and Super Wide Band (SWB) communications. Compared to antennas with circular or rectangular shapes, the design of EMPA is a research area of high potential as there is higher flexibility in its design due to more degrees of freedom. The reported literature in the field of EMPA is very less and there is ample scope for new researchers to work on. This review paper is an attempt to summarize and critically assess the-state-of-the-art design techniques as reported in literature and understand their effects on performance of elliptical patch antenna for suggesting new research fronts in the field of EMPA.

Double-Elliptical Micro-Strip Patch Antenna for Higher Design Flexibility and Miniaturization

Micro-Strip Patch Antenna (MSPA) finds large scale applications in various fields of communication. Elliptical shaped patch antenna is a prominent category among MSPAs. Possibility of circular polarization and dual resonant frequencies makes the Elliptical Micro-strip Patch Antenna (EMPA) widely accepted in modern communication devices. The present work aims to identify the constraints in further advancements in the design of EMPA and propose a novel shape to overcome these constraints. Minimizing the patch area and increasing the number of degrees of freedom in design were found to be the challenges. To overcome these challenges, a newly shaped patch called ‘Double-Elliptical Patch (DEP)’ is proposed for designing ‘Double-Elliptical Micro-strip Patch Antenna (DEMPA)’. A double-ellipse is a combination of two half-ellipses either with the same minor axis and different semi-major axes or with the same major axis and different semi-minor axes. The DEP has an additional degree of freedom in design compared to elliptical patch, which leads to greater design flexibility. In the present work, a DEP with the same horizontal major axis and centrally given feed was designed using Ansoft HFSS software. The semi-minor axis of upper half-ellipse was varied by keeping the semi-minor axis of lower half-ellipse a constant. The radiation properties of DEMPA were found to be similar to that of corresponding EMPA and this was achieved with less patch area. The maximum percentage reduction in patch area was 10.714%. The DEMPA covered the entire frequency range of Ultra Wide Band (UWB).

A New Small Dual-Band Elliptical Microstrip Antenna for Ku/K Band Satellite Applications

In this paper a new design of a dual small band small elliptical microstrip antenna is proposed for Ku and K band satellite applications. The basic antenna structure is an elliptical patch with inset-feed, which is modified by adding two rectangular slots in the radiation patch. The proposed antenna has been designed and fabricated on 1.58 mm thick FR4 substrate whose dielectric constant is 4.4, with dimensions of about 10×12×1.58 mm³. The antenna structure was validated using two different electromagnetic solvers and by measuring the results using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The measured and simulated results show two resonant frequencies that define two bandwidths. Moreover, the proposed antenna frequency bands and the consistent and symmetrical radiation patterns make it an appropriate candidate for many applications such as the Ku/K band satellite application and wireless communications.

A New Small Dual-Band Elliptical Microstrip Antenna for Ku/K Band Satellite Applications

In this paper a new design of a dual small band small elliptical microstrip antenna is proposed for Ku and K band satellite applications. The basic antenna structure is an elliptical patch with inset-feed, which is modified by adding two rectangular slots in the radiation patch. The proposed antenna has been designed and fabricated on 1.58 mm thick FR4 substrate whose dielectric constant is 4.4, with dimensions of about 10×12×1.58 mm³. The antenna structure was validated using two different electromagnetic solvers and by measuring the results using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The measured and simulated results show two resonant frequencies that define two bandwidths. Moreover, the proposed antenna frequency bands and the consistent and symmetrical radiation patterns make it an appropriate candidate for many applications such as the Ku/K band satellite application and wireless communications.

Ultrawideband elliptical microstrip antenna for terahertz applications

AbstractAn elliptical microstrip antenna for ultrawideband applications in terahertz (THz) frequency range is proposed. It comprises a microstrip feedline and a partial rectangular ground plane. It has an operating bandwidth of 0.46‐5.46 THz and a peak realized gain of 12 dB. It is simulated by using both high‐frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS) simulators. It has distorted omnidirectional radiation patterns across the entire band of operation.

On the possibility of linear polarization in elliptical microstrip patch antenna

AbstractThis article presents a linearly polarized, coaxial probe‐fed elliptical patch antenna, useful for C‐Band application areas. The suggested patch with an eccentricity of 0.866 is simulated. The prototype is fabricated and subsequent measurements are done. A simple theoretical method is developed to determine resonant frequency, which nearly matches with the simulation and experimental values, by incorporating and equivalently modifying the well‐known formulas of rectangular patch antenna. Some comparisons of experimental results of proposed patch with that of rectangular patch antenna suggest the potentiality of elliptical patch in terms of size, bandwidth, and realized gain at resonant frequency. It can also be suggested, here, that eccentricity and feed position determine the nature of polarization.

Enhancement gain of broadband elliptical microstrip patch array antenna with mutual coupling for wireless communication

<p>The paper is presented analysis, design and manufacturing single optimize parameters of a new broadband elliptical patch antenna with microstrip center feed line and the array has been implemented to improve gain antenna. The antenna array dimension of mm<sup>3</sup> and fabricated on an FR-4 epoxy substrate having relative dielectric constant =4.3, loss tangent tan (δ) =0.002 and the feed line used has characteristic impedance of 50Ω and added the triangle notch structure .Thus notch can achieve maximal additional enhancement impedance bandwidth are (3.679- 6.578) GHz, (13.84-25.142) GHz, (29.807-37.618) GHz and the gain 8dBi. The antenna array performance was modified by inserting stubs transition in feeding Microstrip line to reducing mutual coupling achieve impedance bandwidth (when S<sub>11</sub>-10dB). The modified antenna was designed to be used for wireless communication application. The simulation results are obtained using CST software.</p>