Interior Elements Research Articles

Краткий анализ отдельных доисламских мотивов в сюжетах дворцовых интерьеров Кусейр Амра и Мшатта эпохи правления Омейядов 661-750 гг.

The article analyzes interior decorative elements in Quseir Amra and Mshatta Palaces in Jordan in the aspect of interaction of regional historical and cultural traditions. The authors reveal the specificity of palace interior space in the context of ideological and artistic programs of a multicultural and multi-confessional region, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The findings allow concluding that religious and cultural syncretism played a key role at the early stage of Muslim community development, which determined the uniqueness of Umayyad architecture. Multiculturalism and multi-confessionalism promoted artistic solutions based on a synthesis of recent and ancient artistic traditions.

ANALISA STANDARISASI MUSEUM BATIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN KEARIFAN LOKAL BUDAYA ARSITEKTUR SURAKARTA

Batik, which is rich in symbols and philosophies for the Indonesian people, has now been recognized by UNESCO as a Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The beginning of the emergence of batik in Indonesia is in the city of Solo, and comes from the Pajang kingdom 400 years ago. With the passage of time, batik continues to grow and produces various variations and innovations, from raw materials to the drawn motifs. However, it is very unfortunate that not all of the previous heritage batik can be maintained. Recently, there has been a batik museum created by individuals or institutions, but in the design, some interior elements are less than optimal in their arrangement. So they don't affect the batik stored or on display. In this research, focus of the discussion is on standardization which discusses spatial planning, facilities, collections, lighting, ventilation, acoustics and museum security, which are combined with local wisdom of Surakarta architecture, so that the data becomes a batik museum with character and can preserve the stored batik. This research uses a case study of the Surakarta batik museum, and the final results of this study can be used as a guide for designing a museum with fabric materials in it.

Gradient jump penalty stabilisation of spectral/[formula omitted] element discretisation for under-resolved turbulence simulations

One of the strengths of the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method has been its balance between accuracy and robustness, which stems from DG’s intrinsic (upwind) dissipation being biased towards high frequencies/wavenumbers. This is particularly useful in high Reynolds-number flow simulations where limitations on mesh resolution typically lead to potentially unstable under-resolved scales. In continuous Galerkin (CG) discretisations, similar properties are achievable through the addition of artificial diffusion such as spectral vanishing viscosity (SVV). However although SVV is recognised as very useful in CG-based high-fidelity turbulence simulations, this approach has been observed to be sub-optimal when compared to DG at intermediate polynomials orders (P≈3). In this paper we explore an alternative stabilisation approach through the introduction of a continuous interior penalty on the gradient discontinuity at elemental boundaries, which we refer to as a gradient jump penalisation (GJP). Analogous to DG methods, this introduces a penalisation at the elemental interfaces as opposed to the interior element stabilisation of SVV. Detailed eigenanalysis of the GJP approach shows its potential as equivalent (sometimes superior) to DG dissipation and hence superior to previous SVV approaches. Through eigenanalysis, a judicious choice of GJP’s P-dependent scaling parameter is made and found to be consistent with previous a-priori error analysis. The favourable properties of the GJP stabilisation approach are also supported by turbulent flow simulations of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation, as we achieve higher quality flow solutions at P=3 using GJP, whereas SVV performs marginally worse at P=5 with twice as many degrees of freedom in total.

Structural full-field responses reconstruction by the SVD and pseudo-inverse operator-estimated force with two-degree multi-scale models

The measured structural response currently is in a deficient state for structural health monitoring (SHM). To obtain complete structural responses, a good solution is first estimating the external input, then applying the estimated input to the finite element model (FEM) of a structure, and calculating the complete structural responses by the FEM. The key content is estimating the unknown structural input from the limited measurements, which indicates that an under-determined differential equation should be solved. In the previous literature, the dynamic equilibrium equation is usually converted into the state space and solved as a discrete-time linear system. In this paper, the external input time history is estimated from the difference of the state space vectors at different moments combining with the singular value decomposition. The complete structural responses are then obtained by applying the estimated load vectors to the FEM. Adopting a single degree of freedom system, the robustness of the approach is theoretically deduced. The modeling error can merely change the estimated external force, while the reconstructed structural responses retain accuracy. To improve computational efficiency, the two-degree multi-scale FEM is proposed. The first model is a simplified model of the original structure, only adopting interior elements such as the beam elements. This model is to quickly estimate the external inputs and to reconstruct the displacement responses. The second model is a FEM adopting both interior and superior elements such as the beam and shell elements, and it can reconstruct both the displacement and detailed strain–stress responses. Finally, numerical simulations of a complex bridge FEM are carried out demonstrating that the proposed approach has high accuracy under different loading conditions, including the vehicle load, impact load, and random load. An in-field experiment has also validated the proposed framework applies to the quasi-static plus dynamic loading condition.

VARIATIONS OF THE TRYPILLIA CULTURE HOUSES ACCORDING TO THE INTERIOR OF THE SECOND STOREY

Oven is a permanent element of interior of the Trypillia culture house. An oven is always located to the right from the entrance to the residential room of the second storey. Other interior details, such as altar, podium etc, are not met in every single house. This paper aims to define variations of the Trypillia culture houses according to the presence or lack of elements of interior. Origin of variations is analyzed according to the chronology of sites. The analysis is focused only on the interior of the second storey.
 Fifteen variations of Trypillia houses were defined as of today. Variations one to three are typical only for Early Trypillia. Those are different from the latter variations by the location of an oven. Variations four to six were formed during the Trypillia BI stage and lasted till Trypillia CII. Other variations characterize slight differences between certain periods of culture. Organization of interior did not change much since Trypillia BI. However Trypillia BI is characterized by its highest variation.
 The high level of unification of the Trypillia culture dwellings was probably caused by the fact that the house construction was the collective activity. Different taboos, which did not let the deviation from commonly accepted rules, also should not be excluded. Certain individual elements could appear in the result of house construction by an individual or family. They could be also caused by the functioning of house and some rational reasons.
 Change in the location of an oven during Trypillia BI could be explained by the climate change during this period of time, which was noted by the number of scholars, or incorporation of people from different cultural units into Trypillia populations.

THE WESTERN TRYPILLIA CULTURE HOUSE FROM THE SETTLEMENT OF KAMIANETS-PODILSKYI, TATARYSKY, 3950—3900 BCE

This paper aims to introduce the results of excavations of the house remains at the Western Trypillia culture settlement of Kamianets-Podilskyi, Tatarysky in 2019. Ploshchadka 1 belongs to a cluster composed of four houses, which is located in the outer construction ring of the settlement. Ploshchadka had a nearly rectangular shape. This feature reaching a size of c. 11.6 Ч 4 m was oriented along the west-east axis with a small northwest — southeast deviation. Layer of burnt daub represents the floor of the upper storey of the house. The floor was composed of relatively thick beams of nearly square or semi-round shape in profile, which supported decks. Wooden construction was covered by two layers of daub. Upper storey was subdivided into two rooms, i. e. the entrance space and residential room. Residential area included an oven and the interior element, which shape and size was not possible to reconstruct. Composition of the clay mass of the latter feature and its location are analogous to the construction details of altars in houses of other Western Trypillia culture regions. Interior of the lower storey is represented by the shallow pit and two installations made of clay. In the eastern part of the residential area, parts of the floor partly covered each other indicating somewhat larger length of the house than it is represented by the length of Ploshchadka 1. According to the location of the interior details, Ploshchadka 1 at Kamianets-Podilskyi, Tatarysky is referred to the variation 6 (upper storey) and variation B (lower storey) of Trypillia houses in the scheme of D. Chernovol. Analogies to the Ploshchadka 1 from other areas of the Western Trypillia culture made possible some conclusions on the influence of the Middle Dniester traditions on house construction techniques in the Southern Buh and Dnipro interfluve.

DESIGNING MULTIFUNCTIONAL ECO-FURNITURE IN THE NATIONAL STYLE

This article is devoted to the development of the artistic image of multifunctional eco-furniture in the national style, intended for use in home life, and the development of the concept for furniture that meets modern needs, as well as its importance in the interior. As a result of the questionnaire survey conducted in this work, the preferences of the audience were determined and a variant of the concept of the design features of interior elements, furniture for everyday use was proposed. For the first time, proceeding from the principles of ergonomics and taking into account the Kazakh national traditions, the issues of an integrated approach to the design of multifunctional types of furniture as elements of the interior of small apartments are considered.

Dementia-Friendly Design: A Set of Design Criteria and Design Typologies Supporting Wayfinding.

Objectives, purpose, or aim:This study aims to gain insights into the implementation of theoretical knowledge on dementia-friendly design into practice to (1) identify key design criteria stimulating spatial orientation and wayfinding for seniors with dementia and (2) determine the optimal design for this purpose.Background:Spatial orientation problems of seniors with dementia can be counteracted by the design of the physical environment of inpatient care facilities. Research has been conducted about design features supporting wayfinding skills for this target group, however, not on their implementation.Methods:Fourteen floor plans of the living group of built projects have been evaluated on 14 design criteria supporting wayfinding skills for the target group and measurable in floor plans by the performance of a comparative floorplan analysis and multicriteria assessment.Results:Although one third of the evaluated design criteria are properly implemented, all floor plans of the selected projects had some gaps in fulfilling all design criteria. Five typological floor plans—based on the circulation systems of the cases—were distinguished: one straight corridor structured by two walls, one corridor with corners, two corridors separated from each other by the living room, a continuous loop corridor, and a corridor framed by a wall and interior elements (e.g., cabinets). The majority of the cases was based on a linear system with one straight corridor.Conclusions:Based on this study, three of the five discovered typological floor plans work well for stimulating wayfinding. Furthermore, special attention need to be given to the configuration of the floor plans, shape, and daylight in the corridor.

Revisiting Healing Environments: Islamic Interior Elements in Hospital Rooms in North Africa.

A predominant notion among researchers is that hospital room design and decor are subject to the designer's expression of self, which is contrary to evidence-based studies showing that design and decor can impact patient health. The aim of this study was to examine whether improvement in quality of healthcare provided in hospitals could be achieved through the convergence of expertise of healthcare professionals and hospital room designers. This was a prospective study to identify the impact of hospital interior design features with a focus on single occupancy rooms. Volunteers were recruited through advertisements and the study was conducted at the Tripoli Medical Center. Responses were analyzed using a three-dimensional computer-aided design software to help respondents accurately map their preferences and visualize outcomes. Participants preferred an aesthetically pleasing hospital room environment that included art and bright colors, window views, and the need for personalization, technology, mobility, and flexibility, all of which improved satisfaction and happiness. Of these, participants' preference for technology as a cause for satisfaction and happiness was a novel finding. Designers of hospital room interiors should plan and create an appealing single occupancy room for increasing user satisfaction and patient wellness.

Structural Application of Lightweight Panels Made of Waste Cardboard and Beech Veneer.

In recent years, the furniture design trends include ensuring ergonomic standards, development of new environmentally friendly materials, optimised use of natural resources, and sustainably increased conversion of waste into value-added products. The circular economy principles require the reuse, recycling or upcycling of materials. The potential of reusing waste corrugated cardboard to produce new lightweight boards suitable for furniture and interior applications was investigated in this work. Two types of multi-layered panels were manufactured in the laboratory from corrugated cardboard and beech veneer, bonded with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. Seven types of end corner joints of the created lightweight furniture panels and three conventional honeycomb panels were tested. Bending moments and stiffness coefficients in the compression test were evaluated. The bending strength values of the joints made of waste cardboard and beech veneer exhibited the required strength for application in furniture constructions or as interior elements. The joints made of multi-layer panels with a thickness of 51 mm, joined by dowels, demonstrated the highest bending strength and stiffness values (33.22 N∙m). The joints made of 21 mm thick multi-layer panels and connected with Confirmat had satisfactory bending strength values (10.53 N∙m) and Minifix had the lowest strength values (6.15 N∙m). The highest stiffness values (327 N∙m/rad) were determined for the 50 mm thick cardboard honeycomb panels connected by plastic corner connector and special screw Varianta, and the lowest values for the joints made of 21 mm thick multi-layer panels connected by Confirmat (40 N∙m/rad) and Minifix (43 N∙m/rad), respectively. The application of waste corrugated cardboard as a structural material for furniture and interiors can be improved by further investigations.

USING OF ROCKS OF FACING OF BUILDINGS PSACEA IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Problem statement. The problem of improving the learning process can be solved by increasing the educational collections of minerals and rocks that can be found every day, but for various reasons, do not pay attention to them. The best samples of various stone materials were usually used for cladding. Similarly, in the external and internal cladding of the academy buildings were used varieties of rocks that differ in strength, color, texture, structure and inclusions of minerals and are the best examples of decorative building materials. Purpose of the article. All this diverse stone decoration of the Academy can be used in the educational process, in particular, for the study of minerals and rocks within the discipline “Engineering Geology”, which is read to all students of the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, as well as the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Ecology. Conclusion. All this diverse stone decoration of the Academy is quite possible to use in the educational process, in particular, for the study of minerals and rocks in the framework of teaching the discipline “Engineering Geology”, which is read to all students of the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, as well as the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Ecology. Thanks to the polished surface of large slabs of facing rocks, it is possible to visually and more fully identify rocks while studying the relevant disciplines, which is convenient for teaching students of all specialties. It is expedient to use facing materials of buildings of educational institution in the course of studying of geological disciplines, especially for students-architects for what it is necessary to provide target excursions on buildings of academy. Various rocks, with which the interior elements are faced, serve as a good addition to the existing educational collections of the Department of Engineering Geology and Geotechnics.

Meaning of Gaze Behaviors in Individuals' Perception and Interpretation of Commercial Interior Environments: An Experimental Phenomenology Approach Involving Eye-Tracking.

A critical question in interior design is how multisensory information is integrated into occupant perception and interpretation of the environmental contexts and meanings. Although there have been efforts to identify and theorize visual perception of interior factors or features (e.g., colors, fixtures, and signs), the hidden meanings behind visual attention and behaviors have been neglected in interior design research. This experimental phenomenological study investigates the impact of auditory stimuli on the gaze behaviors of individuals and the hidden meanings of their audio-visual perceptions of commercial interiors. Implementing eye-tracking and open-ended interviews, this study explored how the neurophysiological and phenomenological methods in complementary can serve for interior design research on the meaning of gaze behaviors. The study used a convenience sample of 26 participants, three coffee shop interior images, and two musical stimuli. Essential to this study is the interpretive analysis of corresponding eye-tracking and interview data. The results show that visual perception is affected by auditory stimuli and other interior elements and factors associated with personal experiences; however, no distinct gaze pattern is identified by the type of auditory stimuli. The fixation patterns showed mixed reflections of the participants' perceptions, e.g., a single fixation pattern reflecting participants' likes and dislikes. Findings included six essential meanings of participants' gaze behaviors. This study suggested that auditory and visual stimuli are reciprocal in individuals' perceptions. Rather than one affects the other, the interaction between sensory stimuli contributes to the complexity and intensity of multisensory stimuli people associate with their experiences and conceptualize with meanings they establish.

A Split-form, Stable CG/DG-SEM for Wave Propagation Modeled by Linear Hyperbolic Systems

We present a hybrid continuous and discontinuous Galerkin spectral element approximation that leverages the advantages of each approach. The continuous Galerkin approximation is used on interior element faces where the equation properties are continuous. A discontinuous Galerkin approximation is used at physical boundaries and if there is a jump in properties at a face. The approximation uses a split form of the equations and two-point fluxes to ensure stability for unstructured quadrilateral/hexahedral meshes with curved elements. The approximation is also conservative and constant state preserving on such meshes. Spectral accuracy is obtained for all examples, which include wave scattering at a discontinuous medium boundary.

Studio oriented learning environment method to improve student learning quality in interior design studio

Due to the complexity of activities and interior elements in the studio-oriented learning environment, it is essential to apply the right method in all stages to ensure they proceed sequentially and systematically. This is because presently the in-depth design method associated with this learning environment has not been fully explored to fulfill user needs in accordance with the design project. Therefore, this research aims to determine the right method used to improve students learning quality in the teaching process at the Interior Design studio, to obtain better responses. This research was carried out using the CAR model proposed by Kemmis and Mc Taggart consisting of four components, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. The result showed that after the re-planning process, a reflection in the form of a separate cycle is conducted. Furthermore, independent learning methods in a conducive environment are carried out based on the Studio Oriented Learning Environment (SOLE) method, with assessments conducted by lecturers and students in each assistance group. This research has the ability to improve students thinking ability sequentially and systematically, as well as increase their participation and collaboration in producing quality designs.

The Application of Balinese Tri Hita Karana and Tri Loka Concept in Children’s Creativity Hub in Kuta, Bali

Balinese cosmological beliefs have become a very important foundation in Balinese lives, including architecture. Balinese architecture does not simply consist of physical and natural materials, it also seeks balance and propriety. It needs to be in a harmonious balance relationship between humans with humans, humans with their natural surroundings, and humans with God or known as Tri Hita Karana. This study tries to apply this concept that is usually used in architecture, within an interior space with a children’s creativity hub in Kuta, Bali as a study case through the qualitative method. The result of this study proposed a design concept ‘Jelajah Riang’ a concept that is suitable for the function of the space and can be embedded with Tri Hita Karana as well as Tri Loka concept, with three rooms used as a sample; the break room, dancing studio as well as painting and drawing studio. In these three rooms, not only the activities designed suitable to those concepts but also the interior elements, such as wall and floor finishes, lighting, ventilation, and so on

Ecofeminism and Structural Violence

Ecofeminism and Structural Violence

AN ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF TEXTILE MATERIALS IN SPACE DESIGN IN EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD

The advances and developments that appeared with the Industrial Revolution have accelerated with the independence of the countries, and the synergy between the craftsmanship and machinery had become a power factor. Particularly the concept of textile has become an inseparable part of the word “art” in the 21st century with the influence of Bauhaus. The use of textile products in interior design as spatial elements made the disciplines of textile and architecture an integral whole. In the article, textile as one of the architectural elements was analyzed for the period where postwar Turkey was in her infancy and trying to rapidly recover, and artistic movements as well as architectural identities, investments and developments that impacted the process were examined. In addition, the power of England’s influence that emerged during 1920s in shaping the world’s textile market and her interactions are examined in the article with various examples. In this context, the concepts of space and textile in Early Republican Era’s Turkey are discussed both as an interior architecture decoration element and as one of the elements in the country’s progress. In this way, the study aims to demonstrate how the history of textile design has evolved through unique trends of each era; the designs, designers and institutions that shape the society and the varying role of textile in space design. Keywords: Early Republic, textile design, Turkey, UK

The influence of the washing cycles on the functionality of the electric-embroidered element

In modern production, embroidered elements perform not only traditional functions of decorativeness, informativeness, but are also used in such areas as medical diagnostics and rehabilitation (e.g. embroidered sensors), implant production, smart home interior elements, smart clothing or electronic textile production. The aim of the work is to investigate and evaluate the influence of different washing cycles performed during operation on the functionality of an electric-embroidered element. It was found that after the first washing, the electrical resistance of the embroidered elements decreased compared to the unwashed specimens. After seven washings, the electrical resistance increased. In all cases, the obtained strong linear dependence between the electrical resistance and the operating cycles indicates that, with a larger number of washing cycles, the electrical conductivity of the embroidered elements decreases. The results showed that the conductivity of the closed embroidered chain of embroidered 14 mm contour width elements was obtained from ∼ 34% to ∼ 61% higher than the conductivity of 6 mm contour width elements.

Akulturasi Islam Dan Budaya Jawa pada Ruang Liwan Masjid Gedhe Mataram Kotagede

<p class="Abstract"><em>This article aims to demonstrate the acculturation of Islam and Javanese culture in the Liwan Room of “Gedhe Mataram” Mosque, Kotagede. Islamic and Javanese culture’s acculturation in the building, especially mosque, important known to add insight about the tolerance between two cultural elements that can occur in the architecture’s world. Liwan room is part of the space of a mosque which functions as a prayer area. Liwan Room at the “Gedhe Mataram” Mosque, Kotagede has a distinctive design considering this mosque is the first and oldest mosque in Yogyakarta. The development of Islam in Java, especially in Yogyakarta, resulted in the transformation of local civilizations. Islam and Javanese culture itself are two different elements and have their own value. The entry of Islamic culture to Java had an impact on the acculturation of Islam and Javanese culture, where Javanese culture had already lived during the time of the Javanese Hindu kingdoms. The method used is a qualitative research method with a philosophical approach supported by observation and library studies. As a result, there is an acculturation of Islam and Javanese culture in the Liwan Room of “Gedhe Mataram” Mosque, Kotagede in layout, interior elements and ornaments in the Liwan room.</em><em></em></p>

A TOOL OF INTERIOR ANALYSIS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF ANALYTICAL APPROACHES AND MERSIN TRAIN STATION BUILDING SAMPLE

Thinking is a skill that involves complex mental actions and shows individual differences. Thinking ability is the most important feature that makes humankind superior to other living things. Individual differences cause thinking to evolve into different types. Analytical thinking can also be defined as an act of thinking and understanding all parts of a whole. According to the philosophy of analytical thinking, all parts of the whole must be understood in order to understand the whole. There is a flow from piece to whole in the analytical thinking approach. In other words, it is an inductive approach. When considered in this context, the understanding of an interior space can be achieved by understanding all the parts of the interior one by one and establishing the relationship with the whole. A limited number of studies related to an analytical interior analysis tool were reached in the literature. For this reason, the aim of the research is to develop an analytical interior analysis tool and to evaluate this method developed within the scope of an example. For this purpose, an interior analysis tool has been developedin the light of the information obtained from the literature review. For an exemplary evaluation, Mersin Train Station Building, one of the works of the Second National Architecture Period, was chosen and was evaluated within the scope of this tool. As a result, it has been found that the use of an interior analysis tool in interior studies allows the examination of all elements of the entire interior, and enables the detection of erroneous and uncontrolled applications carried out in the process, especially in historical places without ignoring.