Elementary School Children Research Articles

IMPLEMENTASI RUMAH TAMAN BACA DALAM MENINGKATKAN BUDAYA LITERASI DI DESA CILANGKARA

Reading parks are places to collect various reading materials and care for literacy, especially for the surrounding community. Literacy culture needs to be improved along with the times and technological advances. The implementation of this program is to build reading parks starting from early childhood to elementary school children and all students who need to be encouraged from an early age about the culture of literacy so that they are not complacent and addicted to technology. Reading is the main capital for the progress of all students, therefore reading hobbies need to be grown in society from an early age. Indonesia is a country with a very low literacy culture, to the point that UNESCO states that Indonesia is in the second lowest position in the world. This is very concerning. Therefore, this community service in KKN increases interest in reading by starting from the smallest scope, namely by establishing a Reading Park in Cilangkara Village, Serang Baru District. The purpose of this service is to increase interest in reading among children and adolescents in Cilangkara Village. The community service method applies community education. The results of the service have a significant impact in the form of easier access to various reading materials, thus encouraging interest in reading among the community.

Evaluation of Refraction Outcomes From the QuickSee Wavefront Autorefractor Versus Subjective Clinical Refractometry in Children With Restricted Access to Eye Care in Amazonas, Brazil.

Background This study compared the refraction measurements of the QuickSee wavefront autorefractor with those from clinical refraction measurements in preschool and elementary school children from public schools in Amazonas, Brazil. Methodology Refractometry was performed on 368 eyes from 368 healthy Brazilian public school students aged 4 to 7 years using both the QuickSee and subjective clinical methods under cycloplegia. Only right-eye data were analyzed. The results were converted into spherical equivalents and vector magnitudes for comparison. Results The difference in spherical equivalents between QuickSee and subjective clinical refractometry under cycloplegia was +0.38 ± 0.60 Diopters (D) (p < 0.0001). Along the 90° axis, the vector difference was +0.20 ± 0.33 D (p < 0.0001), and the oblique vector difference was +0.03 ± 0.22 D (p = 0.0395). Conclusions While a statistically significant difference was found between the QuickSee and subjective clinical refractometry results, the difference was not clinically meaningful. The strong agreement between these methods supports the utility of QuickSee as an effective tool for refractive assessment in children with limited access to eye care. These findings provide confidence in using QuickSee in public school settings as a reliable alternative for vision screening.

BMI, Dental Caries, and Risk Factors among Elementary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/Objectives: Obesity and dental caries are multifactorial diseases with high prevalence amongst Saudi children. The aim of the study was to determine their association with common risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 300 children attending elementary schools. After taking their height and weight, their body mass indices (BMIs) were calculated. Oral examination was performed to record the decayed, missed, and filled scores (dmft/DMFT). A thorough questionnaire was compiled and validated to gather information on diet and physical activity (PA). The KIDMED score was calculated from a 16-item questionnaire to assess diet. Junk food and PA scores were also calculated based on relevant questions. Nonparametric tests were used to assess the associations between the scores and health outcomes (dmft/DMFT and BMI). Results: Fifty-eight of the children had poor diets, which was associated with higher dmft/DMFT (p = 0.012). PA levels were very low, and the average PA score was 2.12 ± 0.61. No association was found between BMI percentiles and PA level, nor between BMI percentiles and diet quality. Older children had lower BMI percentiles compared with younger children (coefficient = -9.35, 95% CI: -17.05, -1.65), and a borderline significant negative association was observed between dmft/DMFT and BMI percentile. Conclusions: Poor diets and chips consumption were related to dental caries. Obesity was not related to diet quality nor PA level.

Association between Oral Function and Soft Tissue Facial Type in Japanese Elementary School Children

Association between Oral Function and Soft Tissue Facial Type in Japanese Elementary School Children

Abstract B130: Partnership in persistent poverty neighborhoods: The Acres Homes Cancer Prevention Collaboration

Abstract Introduction: Rising obesity rates significantly contribute to increases in many types of cancer. The link between obesity, socioeconomic status, and cancer risk is evident, particularly in persistent poverty areas. The Acres Homes Cancer Prevention Collaboration (Acres Homes CPC), part of the Persistent Poverty Initiative (PPI) of the National Cancer Institute, is a dynamic partnership led by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. This community-academic partnership, centered on the Acres Homes neighborhood in Houston, TX, that is impacted by persistent poverty, utilizes community-engaged strategies and transdisciplinary research to mitigate obesity-related cancer risks. Methods: Through multiple community partnerships, the CPC aims to alleviate persistent poverty effects, support early-career researchers, and test nutrition and physical activity interventions for reducing obesity-related cancer risk. Results: The Acres Homes CPC funds two research projects: a trial of a physical activity program for cancer survivors and a cluster-randomized trial of food distribution and nutrition education for elementary school children and their parents. We have funded seven pilot studies on topics such as food security, culinary medicine, physical activity and mild cognitive impairment, and the physical and safety environment of neighborhoods. Three community advisors guide and support all activities, and information on the initiative is provided monthly to a community steering committee. The Acres Homes CPC also supports pre- and postdoctoral fellows interested in research promoting cancer prevention and control in persistent poverty communities. Conclusions: This initiative aims to reduce cancer risk and improve cancer outcomes in persistent poverty communities by bridging the gap between research and practical implementation through community-based participatory research and partnership with the community to address obesity. Citation Format: Karen Basen-Engquist, Ruth Rechis, Michael Mackert, Brad Love, Shreela Sharma, Sanjay Shete, Qian Lu, Shine Chang, Margaret Raber, Miranda Baum, Crystal Roberson, Lorna McNeill. Partnership in persistent poverty neighborhoods: The Acres Homes Cancer Prevention Collaboration [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B130.

Penerapan Permainan Kecil Hitam Hijau Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Kelas II A SDN Airlangga 1

Education is a conscious and planned effort that aims to develop students' potential to achieve a better life. In the context of physical education, quality learning plays an important role in increasing students' interest and creativity. Physical activity, as taught in PJOK subjects, is very important for the physical-motor development of students, especially in elementary school children. However, observations show that the gross motor development of grade 2 students is not optimal and teachers lack innovation in the use of media and games. Traditional games, such as black and green, can be a solution to improve students' gross motor skills while creating a fun learning atmosphere. This study aims to explore the application of black and green games in improving the gross motor skills of 8-year-old students, with the hope of making a positive contribution to PJOK learning.

Effects of Dance Music on Motor Skills and Balance in Children: An Observational Cohort Study.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, children in Japan were restricted from sports and outdoor activities. Regular physical activity is essential for healthy growth and development in children, with recommendations advocating for activities such as strength training. However, the long-term effects of the restrictions have not been fully investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an "exercise class", specifically a dance program, designed to improve motor function in elementary school children affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which may have compromised their motor function. The dance program was developed by a sports science teacher, a professional dancer, and a physical therapist, and it was evaluated in a community-based participatory study. Trained dance instructors conducted one-hour dance sessions in a medical center, held once a week for two months from June to August 2023. A physical therapist and dance instructors led the elementary school children. Outcome measures included grip strength, lower extremity muscle strength, back muscle strength, dynamic balance function during movement, physical activity time, and body fat percentages. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Twenty-four children aged 6-9 years participated in the exercise class over a two-month period. Improvement was observed in grip strength, lower extremity muscle strength, and dynamic balance function during movement. However, physical activity time, body fat percentages, and back muscle strength did not change. The results indicated a significant improvement in motor skills. Dance is an inexpensive program that elementary school children can enjoy while improving their motor skills.

Measuring the Effects of Cognitive Capacity on Sentence Comprehension: Evidence From Elementary School-Age Children.

Our aim was to (a) develop a sentence comprehension measure that distinguished between cognitive capacity and syntactic knowledge in school-age children and (b) examine the relationship between comprehension performance and cognitive variables (working memory capacity and retrieval from long-term memory). We developed and administered a picture selection sentence comprehension task to 122 school-age children representing varied cognitive abilities. We evaluated comprehension accuracy and response time in two syntactically identical conditions but with different cognitive demands incorporated in picture foils-one with low demand using superfluous adjectives and another with high demand using contrastive adjectives. Children also completed tasks measuring working memory capacity and long-term memory retrieval. Comprehension accuracy was significantly lower, and response times were longer in the high-cognitive demand condition compared to the low-demand condition. Errors frequently involved incorrect attribute selection in the high-demand condition that included contrastive adjectives in picture foils, while reversal errors prevailed in the low-demand condition, which included superfluous adjectives. Accuracy correlated positively with the memory variables. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that after adjusting for comprehension in the low-cognitive demand condition (38.60% variance), memory variables accounted for 4.50% additional variance in the high-demand condition with only working memory capacity as the unique predictor. The significant role of working memory capacity in comprehending sentences with high cognitive demand indicated the recruitment of active attention and verbal rehearsal. Data support the newly developed measure's potential for assessing cognitive skills integral to sentence comprehension in school-age children. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26767063.

Integration of the brain jogging program in physical education on the cognitive abilities of elementary school students

Background. Developing children's cognitive since childhood is very important for parents so that children can develop optimally. There are many benefits if children have good cognitive abilities or skills, such as reasoning and solving problems they face better. Cognitive abilities are very important for children because they are a provision in living everyday life and working as adults. Purpose. Therefore, this study aimed to look into how brain jogging affected elementary school school students' cognitive capacities. Material and methods. An experimental methodology with a pretest-posttest-one-group design was employed in this investigation. The research instrument used was the Intelligenz Structure Test (IST) which was used as a memory test; the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) was used to test attention; and the Grid Concentration Test (GCT) was used to test concentration. The sample in this study were elementary school students with an average age of 10-11 years who joined six elementary schools in Sumedang Regency, Indonesia, totaling 75 people, consisting of 40 boys and 35 girls. Non-probability sampling with the purposive sampling method, or purposive sampling only, was used. That is, the location of the sample is close to the research location. Results. Based on the calculation of the hypothesis test using the Paired Sample t-test, the difference in the average pre-test and post-test data from the child's cognitive ability through the IST test obtained a P-value of 0.000. Then the DSST test obtained a P-value of 0.000, and the GCT test obtained a P-value of 0.000. Thus, there is a difference between the average pre-test and post-test scores indicated by a P-value less than 0.05. Conclusions. The results of this study prove that the brain jogging program significantly affects the cognitive abilities of elementary school children. The significant effect is because the brain jogging program focuses on several coordination activities that lead to mental processes related to abilities in the form of general recognition, which is mental and is marked by the representation of an object in a person's mental picture, whether in the form of symbols, responses, ideas or ideas, and values ​​or considerations.

Updates on Clinical Language Sampling Practices: A Survey of Speech-Language Pathologists Practicing in the United States.

Language sample analysis (LSA) provides many benefits for assessing, identifying therapy goals, and monitoring the progress of children with language disorders. Despite these widely recognized advantages, previous surveys suggest the declining use of LSA by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). This study aimed to provide updates on clinical LSA use following the recent introduction of two new LSA protocols, namely, the Sampling Utterances and Grammatical Analysis Revised (SUGAR) protocol and the Computerized Language Analysis KIDEVAL program. Survey data from SLPs practicing in the United States (N = 337) were used to examine rates of LSA use, methods, and protocols. Factors predicting LSA use and reported facilitators and barriers were also examined. Results indicated that 60% of SLPs used LSA in the past year. LSA skill level, training, and serving preschool or elementary school children predicted LSA use, whereas workplace, caseload, and years of experience were not significant predictors. Most SLPs reported using self-designed LSA protocols (62%), followed by Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (23%) and SUGAR (12%) protocols. SLPs who did not use LSA reported limited time (74%), limited resources (59%), and limited expertise (41%) as barriers and identified additional training on LSA computer programs (52%) and access to automatic speech recognition programs (49%) as facilitators to their adoption of LSA. Reported rates of LSA use and methods were consistent with previous survey findings. This study's findings highlight the ongoing needs for more extensive preprofessional training in LSA.

The impact of digital devices on the mental and physical health of primary school children: systematic review

The use of digital technology has permeated the lives of elementary school children, affecting aspects of their mental and physical health. While these technologies offer various benefits, there are concerns about their negative impacts such as anxiety, sleep disturbances and decreased physical activity. This study aims to evaluate the impact of digital devices on primary school children's mental and physical health through a systematic review. Using the PRISMA method, literature from PubMed, and Scopus was selected based on quality, relevance, and completeness of data. Of the initial 150 publications, 7 articles were relevant after being pre-analyzed. The results showed that physical activity is important for the health of children who actively use digital devices. Some active apps and video games increase physical activity and emotional well-being, but excessive use may pose a risk for anxiety, depression and obesity. Digital device use affects the mental and physical health of primary school children. The conclusion of this study is that parents and educators should supervise the use of digital devices to reduce negative impacts and optimally utilize technology to support children's development. Keywords: Digital technology; Mental health; Physical health; Elementary school children

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Learning Methods in Improving the Ability to Read Al Qur’an in Elementary School Age in Indonesia

Many people read the Qur'an without paying attention to the rules of reading (tajwid), so that in reading it many are wrong, this can change the meaning of what is actually. Based on the background description above, the author intends to examine the extent to which the methods used in Indonesia are effective in learning the Qur'an for elementary school children. The aims of this study through the Literature Review method is to draw conclusions from the most effective to the least effective methods in learning the Qur'an for elementary school children. The result of this research is there are 14 different methods of learning the Qur’an over the last 4 years among others : Methods Jibril, Iqra’, Tilawah, Talaqqi, Bil Qalam, Musyafahah, Tajdid, Drill, Yanbu’a, Tartil, Tahsin, Wafa, Qiroati and Ummi method. Each learning method has different advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and threats. The ratio of effectiveness is seen from two assessments based on the efficacy points and the theory of Bloom's Txonomi. The conclusion is that this study has three categories of methods in the study of the Qur'an that improve the ability to read is the most effective, effective and less effective method.

‘All children have a skateboards’. Differences between the grammaticality of reading mistakes of monolingual and bilingual elementary school children

ABSTRACT Linguistic abilities are vital for reading. Due to the complementary principle, arbitrary and partly rule-governed linguistic knowledge and structures are more challenging for bilingual than monolingual children. It is conceivable that this difference also influences the reading process of bilingual children and leads to different types of mistakes made while reading compared to monolingual children. The present study explores potential differences between bilingual Turkish-German and monolingual German students from grades three and four in elementary school (n = 87) in regard to the grammaticality of reading mistakes while reading aloud. Using secondary data, bilingual students were matched pairwise to the monolingual students on the basis of oral reading fluency to ensure equal reading abilities before surface features and grammaticality of reading mistakes were analysed with an adaptation of Reading Miscue Analysis. MANOVAs comparing Turkish-German bilingual and German monolingual students indicate significant differences concerning the grammaticality of mistakes made: Monolinguals produced more reading mistakes preserving grammaticality, while bilinguals produced more mistakes violating grammaticality. Moreover, post-hoc tests showed that both groups differ significantly in omissions leading to mistakes preserving or violating grammaticality. Potential causes for these differences as well as the adequacy of the adaptation of Reading Miscue Analysis will be discussed.

Peningkatan Literasi Keuangan Melalui Pembuatan Media Edukatif Bagi Siswa

According to the Ministry of Education and Culture, financial literacy education is very necessary to educate people to be aware and understand how to manage finances wisely. Financial literacy education must be given to children, especially elementary school-age children as early as possible. Introducing financial literacy to children can be done by introducing children to the values ​​of money and the culture of saving. Initial observation results show that most students use all their pocket money for consumption. This is what underlies the importance of strengthening financial literacy for children, especially at the elementary school level. PkM activities are carried out by focusing on introducing financial concepts through introducing nominal money and saving activities by making piggy banks. The training method was carried out in two sessions, namely session 1 with face-to-face presentation of the material by the resource person and session 2 training in making educational media to improve. The activity results showed an increase in students' understanding of financial concepts with active participation and high enthusiasm for using money wisely, as well as fostering a sense of the importance of saving for the future.

The effects of the Daily Behavior Report Cards (DBRC) on the disruptive behavior and specific goal behavior of elementary school children: a multiple baseline design study

This study used a single-case design to investigate the effectiveness of Daily Behavior Report Cards (DBRC) in addressing elementary school children’s disruptive behavior. The study, conducted in a German elementary school, involved ten second-grade students identified by their teachers as exhibiting disruptive behaviors. The procedures included training teachers in the implementation of DBRC, setting specific behavioral goals for each student, and using the Direct Behavior Rating (DBR) to assess General Disruptive Behavior (GDB) and Specific Goal Behavior (SGB). The DBRC was implemented over 120 days, with daily monitoring and feedback provided to students. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in both variables. The data analysis was conducted using regression-based analyses and the Non-Overlap of All Pairs (NAP). This study confirms the effectiveness of DBRC in mitigating disruptive behaviors and achieving specific behavioral goals, thereby contributing valuable insights into the application of this evidence-based intervention within the German elementary school system. It also highlights the utility of the single-case design in educational research.

Development Of Pedagogical Competence of Indonesian Primary School Teachers: Merdeka Learning Implementers

This research describes the development of driving teacher pedagogical competence. This study aims to describe teachers efforts in developing pedagogical competence, supporting and inhibiting factors in developing pedagogical competence for teachers driving Indonesian elementary schools using the IA (Appreciative Inquiry) approach. In this study, the subjects studied were 37 driving teachers in 25 public and private elementary schools in Klaten Regency. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, field notes, and documentation. To check the validity of the data, triangulation of sources and research techniques was used. Data analysis techniques using Cresswell's 4-step analysis model. The pedagogical competency profile of driving teachers to explore pedagogical knowledge based on philosophy and psychology of the development of elementary school age children, based on reflective abilities, understanding and resilience of emotional intelligence has shown a fairly good classification for 42.3% of teachers and a good classification for 57.6% of teachers.

SOCIALIZATION OF BENEFITS OF ULTRASOUND, FE, AND HEALTHY FOOD FOR PREGNANT WOMEN AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

The objectives of the KKN Stikes Muhammadiyah Cirebon activity are 1. To find out the knowledge of pregnant women about ultrasound examinations and compliance with the use of Fe 2 tablets. To increase the knowledge of pregnant women about the fetus about the importance of ultrasound examination and its consumption of Fe. The importance of a healthy and nutritious diet. The specific goals to be achieved include increasing public knowledge, understanding and awareness, especially pregnant women and children, about healthy diets. The results that Salam Village, Sarewu Village RW 03, Pancalang District, Kuningan Regency, especially pregnant women with ultrasound knowledge and agricultural counseling, were held on February 13 and 15, 2023 at the Sarewu Village Health Center and Sarewu Elementary School, targeting pregnant women and elementary school children. The enthusiasm of pregnant women and students is quite good, some pregnant women have had ultrasounds and take Fe tablets. Primary school students also responded quite positively, showing optimal cognitive development and most had a stable weight despite experiencing growth. Family participation plays a very important role in caring for and assisting pregnant women and children in meeting the nutritional needs and development of pregnancy.

Associations between Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior with Helminthiasis in Children

Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infection is currently one of the highest prevalence neglected tropical diseases in children. Factors contributing to such case are children’s hygiene, as well as the existence of helminths in the surrounding soil. A child’s education has large influence on their behavior and attitude towards hygiene. However, previous studies showed varying results on wether hygiene affects the rate of STH infection. Therefore, this research is done to determine whether there is significant association between hygiene and STH infection in children. This observational analysis with a cross-sectional design was conducted on elementary school children by interviewing the children and obtaining fecal samples. Analysis of 197 fecal samples shows that 14.7% of the children were infected with STH and results of the interview show more children had poor knowledge about STH infection (69%). Good hygiene attitude and behavior were found in the majority of the subjects (58.9% and 81.7% respectively). The chi-square analysis performed shows no significant relation between knowledge (p=0.626), attitude (p=0.975), and behavior (p=0.376) and the incidence of STH infection. In this study, although children demonstrated poor knowledge of STH infection but had good hygiene attitudes and behaviors, there was no significant link between these factors and STH infection. This emphasizes the need for ongoing hygiene education in elementary school children.

Pola Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di Sekolah Dasar “SDN 02” Nyapah

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior is one of the targets for school children in educational institutions who must receive special attention in terms of PHBS. The population of children at school is a very large and important community. The function of health behavior is very necessary to promote clean and healthy living behavior as a rule for SD 02 Nyapah students which can then be applied in everyday life, especially for elementary school age children. This service research aims to determine patterns of clean and healthy living behavior at 02 Nyapah elementary school. In this writing we use descriptive research. The location of this service and research was carried out at SD 02 Nyapah, Nyapah Village, Walantaka District. The time for this service is 10 August 2024. The sample for this PHBS activity is 50 class 2 students. Based on the results of this research, it shows that elementary school children who have a high level of knowledge about PHBS are good, 96% of elementary school students' attitudes about PHBS are 95% good, and the actions of elementary school students in the category of 97% meet the requirements.

Dysfunction and the Parents Assistance Role to Study Elementary School Children during the Covid 19 Pandemic in Ambon City

During the covid pandemic home or family were used in the learning process. First and foremost parents who do not have the necessary tools or competence to educate their children at an early age, were expected to fill the role as a teacher. This writing aims to test : How is there a connection between dysfunction and the role of parental teaching assistance from professional groups such as civil servants compared with merchants , builders and farmers . Research data sourced from online news and interviews with parents and children are the basis used for this study . A total of 15 parents and their children in two schools in the center of the city of Ambon, that use System Online learning, and an area in the mountains that carry out the learning process offline and online. Studies show that dysfunction happens most often related to the different characteristics of the parents involved. Civil servants, traders, hunters, builders and farmers were companions for elementary school children to study at home. Most, although not yet ready, found even that through online and offline learning processes were used, dysfunction occurred. Status and parental assistance_as civil servants, traders, hurry up builders and farmers with various educational levels and different economic levels has raised complaints from parents for accompanying at home child learning program.. In line with that, this post recommends a “necessity involvement institution” and efforts to develop strategies for parent-teacher collaborations to help solve education problems during the covid 19 pandemic in Ambon City.