Elements Of Discourse Research Articles

Global education reform and the Swedish CPD market: restricted professional learning and the power of ideology

ABSTRACT Against the backdrop of global convergences in education reforms, a growing focus on teacher competences has emerged in European policy discourses about teacher professionalism and professional learning and development that has driven an expanding international and national CPD market involving both state and private operators. Developments in Sweden are an example, and the aim of this article is to identify and explore the discourses on teacher professional learning that seem to proliferate on this newly emerged and expanding market and their connections with and consequences for teacher professionalism. Two sets of data have fed the analysis. These are (a) CPD invoices and (b) interviews with school principals. The analysis indicates that the dominant discourses discursively shape teacher professionalism in relation to ideas about teachers as learners as collegial consumers of knowledge. Policy recommendations about peer learning become a subordinated element of a dominant discourse that prioritises and privileges the agency of knowledge producers, such as consultancies, compared to other actors as intermediaries. Commodification is a new key intermediary process in professional learning for teacher professional development.

Gender Representation in Indonesian Language Textbooks: Critical Discourse Analysis

This study aims to analyze the elements of discourse analysis regarding gender in the Indonesian Textbook. The data used in this study were texts in integrated thematic Indonesian textbooks for grade 2 elementary school. Gender representations based on micro and macrostructures of language analysis in Indonesian textbooks as the research problems of this analysis. This research uses data analysis methods with field methods with observations and interviews. The theory used in this study is the theory of discourse analysis by Dijk (1993). The results of this study indicated that there are discourse elements that show gender in texts such as microstructure and macrostructure. In the microstructure, grammatical elements are found which include references, omissions, and conjunctions. The macro elements found in integrated thematic textbooks for elementary school Indonesian are context, inference, and character values. Character values are implicitly described in the characters in the text. The micro and macrostructure in the data show the dominance of the female gender.

HUBUNGAN MANUSIA DAN ALAM DALAM LIRIK LAGU SYIFA SATIVA: KAJIAN EKOKRITIK

This study aims to describe the pastoral narrative in the lyrics of the songs "Tanam Sawi di Bulan" and "Waktu yang Membentang" by Syifa Sativa. The purpose is to show the relationship between humans and nature. Through content analysis, the two lyrics of Syifa Sativa's songs were read based on the study of ecocriticism of pastoral narratives. The results of the content analysis show that the two Syifa Sativa songs contain pastoral narratives. The pastoral narrative presented in the two Syifa Sativa songs contains the elements of bucolic (shepherd), arcadia construction, and retreat and return discourse. The two Syifa Sativa songs show the relationship between humans and nature. Humans whose environment has changed become alienated from nature. Humans who are alienated from nature yearn for village life with a well-preserved natural condition

EXPLORING TRANSLANGUAGING PRACTICES IN PODCAST THE INDAH G SHOW

This research investigates translanguaging dynamics in the context of podcasts, focusing on the alternation between English and Indonesian languages. The study aims to uncover patterns, functions, and implications of language alternation in this digital communication medium. Employing a qualitative approach, podcast episodes are transcribed, translated, and analyzed to identify instances of translanguaging. The findings provide insights into the complex interplay of linguistic elements in podcast discourse and contribute to the understanding of sociolinguistic practices in the digital age.

The Polyphonic Poem The “Ra’eyah” Poem by ‘Umar ibn Abi Rabi‘ah as a Model

This research seeks to employ the polyphonic approach that pertains to the novel in studying the poetic text after it expanded and became a fertile field that could be manifested in poetry. Due to this expansion, the elements of this approach have been applied to the poetic text as a literary discourse that has a narrative nature. The “Ra’eyah” poem of ‘Umar ibn Abi Rabi‘ah has been chosen for study in this research because it is considered to be an accurate model of the polyphonic poem that includes all the elements of polyphonic discourse represented by the multiplicity of voices and characters, dialogism, and spacetime, in addition to other elements that are characterized by novelty and innovation such as carnival atmosphere, parody, composition, and hybridization. Through the polyphonic approach, the research aims to apply these elements to the poem of ‘Umar ibn Abi Rabi‘ah to prove that it transcended the monophonic voice and lyricism to the realm of drama and polyphonyristians.

Popnacjonalizm, czyli elementy dyskursu (re)konstrukcji amerykańskiego poczucia tożsamości narodowej w wybranych filmach hollywoodzkich

This article is dedicated to the idea of pop-nationalism and the connection between popular culture and how its productions (re)construct the American sense of national identity. The study is divided into subsections that delve into topics such as national identity in the current, fragmented social reality, the role of films in propagating American values during times of major socio-political crises, and the concept of banal nationalism according to Michael Billig. To analyze the elements of discourse, three films were chosen – Rocky IV (dir. Sylvester Stallone, 1985), Top Gun (dir. Tony Scott, 1986), and American Sniper (dir. Clint Eastwood, 2014). The research findings indicate that Hollywood films have a significant impact on building and reinforcing a sense of national pride and belonging in American society. Pop-nationalism is often used for entertainment purposes but also as a propaganda tool, especially during periods of international conflicts and political tensions.

EUPHEMISMS IN JOSEPH BIDEN’S MODERN POLITICAL DISCOURSE IN THE WAR IN UKRAINE

Euphemism occupies a central place in political discourse. The article aims to probe into the rhetorical device of euphemism in the political discourse of the 46th President of the United States, Joseph Biden, during the Ukrainian-Russian war. The significance of the study is based on the necessity to research the linguistic image of the Russian-Ukrainian war and its main political actors in current political discourse. The relevance of this study is also determined by the aim to show the use of euphemisms in current political discourse on the example of Joseph Biden’s speeches. The research methods of the article combine continuous sampling, component analysis; comparison and observation, classification and systematization of data, quantitative calculations, etc. The also study employs Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA) which explores the relations between language and power as well as the relations between language and image. Our research limits its analysis of multimodality to two modalities, gesture and speech. President Joseph Biden’s speeches on the United Efforts of the Free World to Support the People of Ukraine (February 26, 2022) and on the One-Year Anniversary of Russia’s Brutal and Unprovoked Invasion of Ukraine of the US (February 21, 2023) at the Royal Castle in Warsaw serve as a material for the study of euphemisms in political discourse. Conclusions. Euphemism is a characteristic element of political discourse. The role of euphemisms in political discourse is primarily determined by the desire for politically correct intercultural communication, politeness and tolerance, and mutual understanding. Euphemisms express the moral values of society and help to overcome intercultural barriers. The analysis of Joseph Biden’s political speeches made it possible to identify groups of the most commonly used types of euphemisms, namely, concealment of military conflicts (“conflict”, “invasion”, “aggression”, “fight for freedom”, “crisis”, “the great battle for freedom”); taboo of death (“sacrifice”, “pass away”, “lose their lives”); socio-economic sphere (“the continued support”, “support”). According to research data, 47.2% of euphemisms have a veiling function, 38.9% of euphemisms perform a cooperative function and 8.3% of euphemisms have a preventive function in Joseph Biden’s speeches. We suggest Joseph Biden delivers the same viewpoint across his gestures and speeches. Analyzing the gesture-euphemism correlation, we conclude that the 46th US President mainly employed these gestures with integrative and complementary functions. The present paper shows how the polyphonic self of the US political leader is conveyed not solely through speech, but also through gesture. Thus, we assume that the driving force in the evolution of the politician’s polyphonic self is the distribution of viewpoints across modalities of political discourse, where they influence each other in live communication. Biden’s speech is characterized by a short syntagm, as he slows down the pace, trying to convey every word to the audience. The stress is mostly emphatic, with emphasis created by increasing pitch, volume, and duration. Pauses, intonations, voice, register, and tone of speech, being a frame of euphemistic connotations, form the specificity of the communicative and pragmatic field of audiovisual narrative.

How do secondary students engage in complex problem-solving processes in a STEM project?

STEM education emphasizes improving student learning by linking abstract knowledge with real-world problems and engaging students in authentic projects to solve real-world problems. Accordingly, project-based learning has been widely promoted in STEM programs and has shown a promising impact on student learning. However, solving real-world problems in STEM projects involves complex processes. It remains unclear how students engage in complex problem-solving processes in STEM projects and how their processes may differ among students. This study was conducted with secondary school students who engaged in a design-based STEM project in small groups. The findings show that questioning and responding appeared most frequently and connected with other elements in group discourse, while argumentation and justification appeared least frequently. The findings reveal distinctive discourse patterns that differ among high-, medium- and low-performance groups, based on which the implications of the findings were discussed.

BASIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF SIMILE IN LINGUISTICS

The article examines and analyzes the main approaches to the study of simile in modern linguistics. Simile, as a stylistic device, is one of the most widely used tropes, therefore, it receives a lot of attention in linguistic science. Researchers define the role of simile as an element of discourse involved in its construction, consider simile as a functional-semantic category, characterize the linguistic status of stable simile and give its interpretation, highlight the artistic features of simile and the main ways of presenting simile, consider the simile in a linguistic and cultural key. In domestic and foreign linguistics, simile is considered both as a trope and as a device of a non-tropical type. Particular attention in the theory of simile is paid to the development of its typology. The most common division is based on semantic and structural characteristics. In the structural differentiation of similes, scientists distinguish two approaches: dividing similes according to connecting words or the number of indicated characteristics, and also dividing according to the structure of similes. Within the framework of semantic differentiation, most researchers distinguish stable and individual similes. Simile as a trope has many functions, which defines it high pragmatic potential. Simile serves as a means of cognition and mastery of reality; culture creates the basis for trope formation. Along with structural and content parameters, an important role in the process of analysing similes is played by the functional characteristics of the latter, due primarily to their tropical nature The trope is a reflection of the personality of its creator, conveys complex content, new meanings and characteristics, evaluativeness and emotiveness. It is also important that simile enhances the expressiveness of speech and has an aesthetic effect on the reader.

Art in protest discourses – on the example of the Belarusian anti-government protest movement

In protest discourses the problem of using aesthetic and artistic elements lies in the centre of attention. The authors draw empirical material from the Belarusian protest movement, especially the anti-government protests of 2020. In the current study the problem of the use of aesthetic elements in protest discourses is considered in two aspects: 1) in the aspect of artistic activism, i.e. the involvement of artists in resistance activities; 2) in terms of the use of aesthetic speech acts in various forms of protest activity, i.e. as a special rhetorical tool with emphatic and persuasive function, but also as a means of expression with the satisfying function. As a result of this dichotomy, the article is divided into two parts. The authors point out that even though public art is not developed in Belarus (e.g. in the field of visual arts), aesthetic creativity is a very characteristic feature of both street poster discourses and forms of protest in the Internet.

Challenging the 'Native Speaker' Ideal: The Impact of Native Speakerism on Language Education

Native-Speakerism has emerged as a prominent element of contemporary TESOL discourse and a frequent talking point when it comes to issues of language-related prejudice and discrimination. It does so by building on a diverse range of sources and intentionally slanting toward amusing the trendy. It is suggested that the ideological conception of native-speakerism applies retroactively to the coveted victimization and the narrative of indignation that goes along with it to people who identify as "non-native speakers.” The researchers used a literature review through six steps to unravel challenging the native speaker ideal: the impact of native speakerism on language education. The reason behind choosing this topic is to find out how deep the ideology of getting advantages that the native-speakers are having in every stage where the non-native speakers are having trouble including different perspectives as well. It is shown how the fortress of victimization then allows those inside through or the people who have been harmed. In this article, the distinction between native and non-native speakers in terms of teaching and learning the English language, The idea that a "native speaker" is inherently more competent to instruct English than a "non-native speaker" is known as the "native speaker's fallacy" as well as strengths and weaknesses of both the characteristics shall be described in detail.

Agent of Your Own Destiny: How Neoliberal Discourses Permeate Award-Winning Public Service Announcements

Public service announcements (PSAs) are messages disseminated by governments and nonprofits to serve the public interest. In emphasizing social good, PSAs should be less likely to employ neoliberal discourses. Neoliberalism is a political and economic structure and ideology that seeks to maximize free trade and minimize government interference. It has expanded to become a set of practices that calls on individuals to be agents of their own destinies, focus on their own self-care, provide for their own needs, and be responsible for their actions. To answer calls for media scholars to examine neoliberal discourses in their fields, this study uses qualitative (N = 59) and quantitative (N = 276) content analyses to articulate how neoliberal discourses permeate award-winning PSAs. Results uncovered five elements of discourse utilized in PSAs: (1) the entrepreneurial self, (2) sensitization to neoliberal values, (3) sensitization to neoliberal affective dispositions, (4) individualization at the expense of examining socio-political structures, and (5) hollow diversity. Findings show an increasing tendency for PSAs to employ hollow diversity, representing marginalized identities as individual obstacles to overcome through hard work, while simultaneously divorcing social issues from their historical or systemic roots. This has important implications for the development of inclusive advertising.

“New Pearl Harbor” and US Digital Media 2001‑2002

The research topic is aimed at studying the means, methods and techniques of updating the metaphor “New Pearl Harbor” in the US foreign policy discourse. Analysis of the evolution of this metaphor in the US media in the 21st century allows us to talk about the formation of a special phenomenon of the socio-political life of the United States, the reconstruction and explanation of which is not possible within the framework of the traditional methodology of historical research, but requires an interdisciplinary approach based on historical imagology. The importance and significance of this metaphor is shown by the fact that in every foreign policy crisis, in every new threat, in every aggravation of the international situation, the metaphor “Pearl Harbor” was used in the United States. The metaphor “New Pearl Harbor” and its variation “Russian Pearl Harbor” is an important element of US foreign policy discourse and contemporary research. As a result of the research, it was established that the metaphor “New Pearl Harbor” is used both for “internal consumption” (political discourse) and for the external one. Moreover, in the 21st century, this metaphor very often arises in the coverage and analysis of contemporary Russian-American relations. The article shows the evolution of the “New Pearl Harbor” metaphor in the US digital media. Digital media in the United States reacted most quickly to changes in the use of the “New Pearl Harbor” metaphor. The article is intended for political scientists, historians and journalists.

Ethical Issues in Breastfeeding and Lactation Interventions: A Scoping Review.

Infant feeding interventions that promote and support breastfeeding are considered important contributions to global public health. As these interventions often target private settings (e.g., individuals' homes) and involve vulnerable populations (e.g., pregnant women, infants, and underprivileged families), a keen awareness of ethical issues is crucial. The purpose of this scoping review was to capture the key elements of the current ethical discourse regarding breastfeeding and lactation interventions. A scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) methodology to identify the ethical issues of breastfeeding and lactation interventions as they are reflected in the scholarly literature published between January 1990 and October 2022. Abstracts (N = 3715) from PubMed, ScienceDirect, JSTOR and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were screened. The final sample consisted of 26 publications. The recurring ethical issues identified in these studies were: the normative assumptions of motherhood; maternal autonomy and informed choice; information disclosure, balancing risks and benefits, and counseling practices; stigma and social context; ethics of health communication in breastfeeding campaigns; and the ethical acceptability of financial incentives in breastfeeding interventions. This review illustrated that, while a wide range of ethical arguments were examined, the emphasis has been primarily on accounting for mothers' experiences and lactating persons' choices, as well as achieving public health objectives relating to infant nutrition in breastfeeding interventions. To effectively and ethically implement breastfeeding and lactation interventions, we must consider the social, economic, and cultural contexts in which they occur. One key learning identified was that women's experiences were missing in these interventions and, in response, we suggest moving beyond the dichotomous approach of individual health versus population health.

A large-scale sentiment analysis using political tweets

<p><span lang="EN-US">Twitter has become a key element of political discourse in candidates’ campaigns. The political polarization on Twitter is vital to politicians as it is a popular public medium to analyze and predict public opinion concerning political events. The analysis of the sentiment of political tweet contents mainly depends on the quality of sentiment lexicons. Therefore, it is crucial to create sentiment lexicons of the highest quality. In the proposed system, the domain-specific of the political lexicon is constructed by using the supervised approach to extract extreme political opinions words, and features in tweets. Political multi-class sentiment analysis (PMSA) system on the big data platform is developed to predict the inclination of tweets to infer the results of the elections by conducting the analysis on different political datasets: including the Trump election dataset and the BBC News politics. The comparative analysis is the experimental results which are better political text classification by using the three different models (multinomial naïve Bayes (MNB), decision tree (DT), linear support vector classification (SVC)). In the comparison of three different models, linear SVC has the better performance than the other two techniques. The analytical evaluation results show that the proposed system can be performed with 98% accuracy in linear SVC.</span></p>

Fantasy on a theme by G. Enescu for clarinet and orchestra by Oleg Negruţa

In the present study, we propose to identify the structural elements of sound discourse, as well as their manifestation in the concept of the work Fantasy on a theme by G. Enescu for clarinet and orchestra by Oleg Negruţa. The author’s compositional records include vocal, instrumental chamber, concert and symphonic music. Most of his creations are attributed to concert and chamber music. The work that we are going to analyze serves as proof of the novelty of the genre, form and elements of writing. Fantasy as a genre represents an instrumental or orchestral work with a fairly free architecture, and the basic principle is improvisation. In this piece, we highlight one of the distinctive features of the composer, namely the folkloric stylistic direction - the use of folkloric species such as doina, sarba, hora, organically combined with elements of the classical language - genre, form, theme, etc. Equally important is the use of the quote, which O. Negruţa creatively develops and exposes in different sections, creating a thematic core, but also a sound reagent for the entire musical discourse.

Nationalism and the energy transition: The case of the SNP

AbstractWhile fossil fuels are a well‐researched element of nationalist discourse, the relationship between nationalism and renewable energy has not yet been adequately explored. We address this gap by investigating the impact of the energy transition on the Scottish National Party's (SNP) discourse between 1983 and 2021. Through an analysis of SNP manifestos and speeches, we discursively trace the evolution of three pertinent amalgams of nationalism—green nationalism, resource nationalism and techno‐nationalism—revealing renewable energy to have been co‐opted and deployed in all three. Rather than the energy transition intuitively resulting in the decline of fossil fuel‐based nationalisms in favour of those rooted in an emergent renewable energy paradigm, we find that adaptations in the SNP's discursive strategies allowed the former to co‐exist with the latter, enhancing complementarity and mitigating goal conflicts.

Deixis in Conan Gray’s “Wish You Were Sober” and “Checkmate” Song Lyrics

In conducting communication, deixis becomes a significant concern for people in improving their understanding of utterance usage. By learning deixis well, listeners can avoid misinterpretation in understanding the context of utterances, one of them while listening to the songs. Based on this phenomenon, this article aimed at identifying the types of deixis and analyzing the reference meaning of deixis used in Conan Gray’s “Wish You Were Sober” and “Checkmate” song lyrics. This article dealt with the qualitative method, while the documentation method was applied in collecting the data. The collected data were analyzed based on the deixis theory proposed by Cruse and the context of the situation developed by Holmes. The results showed the use of all types of deixis, namely the person, spatial, temporal, social, and discourse deixis. These types of deixis had reference meanings in pointing to participants involved in the songs, the location of participants, the time reference, the social relationship among the participants, and the prior or future discourse elements found in Conan Gray’s song lyrics.

CYRIL AND METHODIUS AS PRECURSORS OF THE ‘RUS’ WORLD’: THE IMAGE OF THE SOLUN BROTHERS AND RUSSIAN IMPERIALISM

This article analyses the recent Russian Orthodox discourse on the Solun Brothers. This analysis shows, on the one hand, that the politicised interpretation of the mission of Cyril and Methodius is not a recent ideological innovation, but appeals to the same motives that made their cult popular in 19th-century Russian Orthodoxy. On the other hand, the reinterpretation of the meaning of their mission that is currently taking place is acquiring additional political objectives harmonised with those of Russian state ideology, as well as cultural and foreign policy, especially in relation to the post-Soviet area. At the same time, however, the religious significance of Cyril and Methodius is almost disappearing from church discourse and theological reflection. A common element of Russian discourse on the Solun Brothers, in both the 19th and 21st centuries, is ahistoricity, understood as a complete disconnection from the actual historical context in which Cyril and Methodius lived and worked .

‘SSEEN’: a networked approach to uncover connections between sentiment, social, and epistemic elements of student online forum discourse

‘SSEEN’: a networked approach to uncover connections between sentiment, social, and epistemic elements of student online forum discourse