Organizational Elements Research Articles

Unique territorial and compartmental organization of chromosomes in the holocentric silkmoth.

The hallmarks of chromosome organization in multicellular eukaryotes are chromosome territories (CT), chromatin compartments, and insulated domains, including topologically associated domains (TADs). Yet, most of these elements of chromosome organization are derived from analyses of a limited set of model organisms, while large eukaryotic groups, including insects, remain mostly unexplored. Here we combine Hi-C, biophysical modeling, and microscopy to characterize the 3D genome architecture of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. In contrast to other eukaryotes, B. mori chromosomes form highly separated territories. Similar to other eukaryotes, B. mori chromosomes segregate into active A and inactive B compartments, yet unlike in vertebrate systems, contacts between euchromatic A regions appear to be a strong driver of compartmentalization. Remarkably, we also identify a third compartment, called secluded S, with a unique contact pattern. Each S region shows prominent short-range self-contacts and is remarkably devoid of contacts with the rest of the chromosome, including other S regions. Compartment S hosts a unique combination of genetic and epigenetic features, localizes towards the periphery of CTs, and shows developmental plasticity. Biophysical modeling reveals that the formation of such secluded domains requires highly localized loop extrusion within them, along with a low level of extrusion in A and B. Our Hi-C data supports predicted genome-wide and localized extrusion. Such a broad, non-uniform distribution of extruders has not been seen in other organisms. Overall, our analyses support loop extrusion in insects and highlight the evolutionary plasticity of 3D genome organization, driven by a new combination of known processes.

A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Corporate Governance Factors on Financial Performance of Listed Banking Companies in Bangladesh

This comprehensive study investigates the influence of organizational management elements on the economic outcomes of publicly traded banking enterprises in Bangladesh. The research begins with an introduction highlighting the significance of this study Within the framework of the Bangladeshi Financial industry. The review of literature delves into existing research on Effective management of organizations and their economic achievements, providing a foundation for this study. It identifies gaps and emphasizes the need for specific analysis in the Bangladeshi banking industry. An abbreviated summary of corporate oversight principles and practices sets the stage for understanding the study’s framework. Subsequently, the analysis of the financial industry in Bangladesh offers essential context for the study. The examination and results portion showcases factual information and outcomes, demonstrating the correlation between corporate governance elements and economic efficiency in banks listed in Bangladesh. Here we use five years data of five banks and then we use SPSS as a statistical tool for data analysis. The conclusion synthesizes these findings, highlighting key takeaways and their implications for the sector. Finally, the study concludes by discussing policy implications. It outlines recommendations for regulatory bodies and banking institutions to enhance the financial performance of banks in Bangladesh by implementing effective corporate governance strategies and practices. This study intends to provide valuable perspectives for stakeholders and decision-makers in the banking industry.

“Mapping Out” Sustainable Social Farming Paths in Italian Municipalities

Social farming in Italy has not developed homogeneously. In view of this, this article adopts a multivariate analysis approach to analyse the heterogeneity and the similarities in the development paths of social farming in Italian municipalities. The article takes into account the information from a representative sample of 410 interviews. The results suggest that the offer of social farming activities is highly correlated with the distinct nature of the enterprises and with the interest of local actors, who in many cases finance these activities. Regarding the characteristics of social farms, the results of principal component analysis show that the consolidated experience of offering social services and the continuation of activities are the most important organisational elements. Concerning the territorial distribution, the findings of a hierarchical cluster analysis show that Italian municipalities have distinct experiences according to the level of maturity of the social farms in each cluster, with differences in location, the agricultural system, the organisational culture and the social services provided. Assessing enterprise characteristics and recent development paths for social services in Italy can have far-reaching implications for policy. The latter should provide information and training to farmers and users to increase understanding of the social value of social farming and foster a collaborative and sustainable approach to social farming practice.

Improving the Implementation of Sport Governance with an Analysis of Its Determinants: The Case of Sport National Governing Bodies in Switzerland

This research investigates new empirical routes to improve the implementation of sport governance by sports organizations. It asks the question: what determinants influence the decision of sport national governing bodies in Switzerland to implement sport governance? It builds on implementation deficits highlighted by benchmark analysis, an exploratory literature review and a description of the non-profit sector. This paper invites a reflection on the challenges and difficulties related to sport governance standards. The method builds on an exploratory, inductive and qualitative research design. The data comprise interviews with 10 decision makers of national sport federations and the national umbrella federation of sport and Olympic committee analyzed by theme-based coding. The analysis highlights five meta-themes associated with determinants: (1) strategic priority, (2) decision makers’ knowledge on the concept of sport governance, (3) sport governance issues, (4) resources, and (5) personal attributes of decision makers. The results and findings indicate that improving the implementation of sport governance is a multidimensional issue that mainly involves organizational and individual elements, and calls for a tiered approach rather than a “one size-fits all” approach.

The Reshaping Face of Merger and Acquisition in Indian Chemical Industries

Introduction: In 2023, PCBL Ltd, a distinguished player in the chemical supplies industry, agreed to gather a hundred percent stake in Pune-based Aquapharm Chemicals Pvt. Ltd for a consideration of ₹3,800 crore. This acquisition was once regarded as a strategic move by way of the potential of PCBL Ltd to adorn its market presence and diversify its product offerings Purpose: To analyze the strategic cause behind PCBL Ltd's acquisition of Aquapharm Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. Methods: The quantitative analysis includes the comparison of financial and operational data, as properly as the assessment of the statistical importance of the results in the SPSS output. The qualitative evaluation entails the evaluation of enterprise reports, media articles, and interviews with key stakeholders to reap a deeper grasp of the strategic and organizational elements underlying the acquisition. Results: The findings recommend that the acquisition has had a high-qualityeffect on the financial and operational performance of the mixed entity, as properly as on PCBL Ltd's market position. However, the successful integration of the two businesses and the recognition of anticipated synergies can also have posed sizeable challenges. Conclusion: In conclusion, the acquisition of Aquapharm Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. by way of PCBL Ltd in 2023 seems to have been a strategic and profitable move. The evaluation suggests that the combined entity has skilled better operational and financial performance, as nicely as extended market position. While the integration manner can also have posed some challenges, the awareness of expected synergies has contributed to the ordinary success of the acquisition.

Matrix Approach for Modeling the Interrelationships of Business Processes and Organizational Structure of an Educational Institution

The complex model describing and taking into account the interrelationships between business processes, organizational structure and information systems of a secondary special education institution is considered. To represent the model the matrix approach with the use of matrix theory tools is used. Weight coefficients of interrelation of model elements are described using the method of expert evaluation and taking into account the zone of responsibility of employees in the performance of certain business processes. The model construction is based on the description of the operational business process “Training of specialists at the level of secondary specialized education”, including subprocesses of theoretical and practical training. The obtained model, consisting of three matrices, allows for accounting and analysis of organizational elements of the educational institution structure for errors, assessment of completeness and cohesion of interaction between structures in order to their further optimization and automation.

The impact of environmental stimuli on the psychological and behavioral compliance of international construction employees.

This study explores the overlooked psychological and behavioral dynamics of employees in compliance management, applying the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework to assess environmental stimuli's impact on employees in international construction projects. A scenario-based survey involving 270 international construction employees was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA), focusing on the relationship between environmental stimuli and compliance intentions. Findings categorize environmental influences on compliance into internal and external organizational dimensions, highlighting the significant impact of internal factors on compliance intentions. Key determinants identified for high compliance intention include individual traits and organizational climate, while project pressures, rules and regulations, and cultural differences show variable influence. This study enhances the understanding of the psychological factors driving non-compliant behaviors and introduces a binary micro-ecological approach to compliance management, effectively integrating individual and project organizational elements. In contrast to traditional corporate governance approaches, this strategy emphasizes the role of project organizational micro-ecology in the management of international construction projects. The strategy aims to improve compliance management among international contractors by influencing the psychological and behavioral compliance of frontline employees.

Evaluation of The Implementation of The Laboratory Information System Using the Hot Fit Method in Maxima Clinical Laboratory

Evaluation of information systems in the health domain goes beyond exclusively technological considerations but also includes evaluation of human and organizational dimensions. The information system evaluation model frequently health used is called HOT-Fit (Human Organization Technology-Fit). This model considers the complex interactions between human, organizational, and technological elements in the context of health information systems. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Laboratory Information System using the HOT Fit method at the Maxima Clinical Laboratory. The research method used is quantitative with a cross-sectional research design using a survey approach. Research subjects include laboratory managers, laboratory staff, information system users, and patients. Primary data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, while secondary data was obtained from related documents. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and Partial Least Square ( PLS ). The research results show that there is a significant influence between system quality (p-value = 0.041), information quality (p-value = 0.003), service quality (p-value = 0.003), and user satisfaction (p-value = 0.041). Research findings can be used as evaluation and improvement material for laboratory managers to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of health services by optimizing the use of information systems.

Inequity in clinical research access for service users presenting comorbidity within alcohol treatment settings: findings from a focused ethnographic study

BackgroundWhile healthcare policy has fostered implementation strategies to improve inclusion and access of under-served groups to clinical care, systemic and structural elements still disproportionately prevent service users from accessing research opportunities embedded within clinical settings. This contributes to the widening of health inequalities, as the absence of representativeness prevents the applicability and effectiveness of evidence-based interventions in under-served clinical populations. The present study aims to identify the individual (micro), organisational (meso) and structural (macro) barriers to clinical research access in patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related liver disease.MethodsA focused ethnography approach was employed to explore the challenges experienced by patients in the access to and implementation of research processes within clinical settings. Data were collected through an iterative-inductive approach, using field notes and patient interview transcripts. The framework method was utilised for data analysis, and themes were identified at the micro, meso and macro levels.ResultsAt the micro-level, alcohol-related barriers included encephalopathy and acute withdrawal symptoms. Alcohol-unrelated barriers also shaped the engagement of service users in research. At the meso-level, staff and resource pressures, as well as familiarity with clinical and research facilities were noted as influencing intervention delivery and study retention. At the wider, macro-level, circumstances including the ‘cost of living crisis’ and national industrial action within healthcare settings had an impact on research processes. The findings emphasise a ‘domino effect’ across all levels, demonstrating an interplay between individual, organisational and structural elements influencing access to clinical research.ConclusionsA combination of individual, organisational and structural barriers, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the socioeconomic landscape in which the study was conducted further contributed to the unequal access of under-served groups to clinical research participation. For patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related liver disease, limited access to research further contributes towards a gap in effective evidence-based treatment, exacerbating health inequalities in this clinical population.

Improving outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in primary care with Chronic Care Model: A narrative review.

Designed and implemented over two decades ago, the Chronic Care Model is a well-established chronic disease management framework that has steered several healthcare systems in successfully improving the clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research evidence cements the role of the Chronic Care Model (with its six key elements of organization of healthcare delivery system, self-management support, decision support, delivery system design, clinical information systems, and community resources and policies) as an integrated framework to revamp the type 2 diabetes mellitus-related clinical practice and care that betters the patient care and clinical outcomes. The current review is an evidence-lit summary of importance of use of Chronic Care Model in primary care and their impact on clinical outcomes for patients afflicted with one of the most debilitating metabolic diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Organisational Enablers of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Public Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review

Purpose: The purpose of the presented study was to develop a set of recommendations for decision-makers (policymakers and public managers) and public employees to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of organisational elements in the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in public institutions. Design/methodology/approach: Utilising a systematic literature review following the PRISMA protocol, the study examines the organisational enablers of AI adoption in public institutions. Comprehensive search queries in the Scopus database identified relevant literature focusing on the intersection of AI technologies and various organisational elements. The analysis was facilitated by NVivo 12, enabling a structured examination of key organisational facets for people, culture, structure, processes, and technology within public institutions. Findings: Previous studies on AI adoption in public institutions identified numerous enablers of AI adoption associated with organisational elements like people/employees, structure, culture, technology, and processes. Several surveys and case studies stress the importance of concentrating on the introduction or transformation of these organisational elements prior to or concurrently with the adoption of AI. Academic contribution to the field: By applying a systematic literature review protocol, the study represents the first holistic and systematic review of specific organisational elements that can serve as enablers of AI adoption in public institutions. Research limitations/implications: This systematic literature review was subject to several limitations. Firstly, the division of AI literature between natural and social sciences, with the former focusing on technical aspects and the latter on broader organisational themes, may have resulted in an incomplete depiction of the intersection of AI and organisational change. Secondly, despite the broad search queries, inherent limitations of keyword-based searches may have excluded some relevant studies. Thirdly, considering the rapid evolution of AI technology, our review may not fully encapsulate the very latest developments in the field as it covers literature published until May 2023. Finally, the interpretation and coding of literature, despite the use of NVivo 12, involved subjective elements that could affect the study’s outcomes. Practical implications: Drawing from experiences in the private sector, public institutions are increasingly adopting AI technologies across various subsectors such as public finance (taxation), research, healthcare, law enforcement, defence, education. This requires a transformation in both hard (structure, processes etc.) and soft aspects (people, organisational culture etc.). Therefore, the enablers identified in the study can serve as guidelines for decision-makers and implementers of AI at all levels of public institutions. Social implications: If adopted effectively and efficiently and used professionally and ethically, the use of AI in public institutions can bring many benefits to society, such as transparency, justice, cost and time efficiency, high quality services, and improved collaboration between different stakeholders in society. Originality/significance/value: Our study makes a distinct contribution by shifting the focus from technological barriers to organisational enablers of AI adoption in public institutions. It bridges a critical gap in the literature by integrating both technical and social science perspectives, providing valuable insights for theory and practice in the fields of organisation and management.

Factors associated with clinical nurse’s mental health: a qualitative study applying the social ecological model

BackgroundThe prevalence of burnout, depression, and anxiety among Chinese nurses was 34%, 55.5%, and 41.8% respectively. Mental health problems have significant impacts on their personal well-being, work performance, patient care quality, and the overall healthcare system. Mental health is influenced by factors at multiple levels and their interactions.MethodsThis was a descriptive qualitative study using phenomenological approach. We recruited a total of 48 nurses from a tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. Data were collected through focus group interviews. Audio-recorded data were transcribed and inductively analysed.ResultsFour major themes with 13 subthemes were identified according to the social ecological model: (1) individual-level factors, including personality traits, sleep quality, workplace adaptability, and years of work experience; (2) interpersonal-level factors, encompassing interpersonal support and role conflict; (3) organization-level factors, such as organizational climate, organizational support, career plateau, and job control; and (4) social-level factors, which included compensation packages, social status, and legislative provision and policy.ConclusionsOur study provides a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted factors influencing nurses’ mental health. Recognizing the interconnectedness of individual, interpersonal, organizational, and social elements is essential for developing targeted interventions and comprehensive strategies to promote and safeguard the mental well-being of nurses in clinical settings.Trial and protocol registrationThe larger study was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300072142 (05/06/2023) https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=192676.Reporting methodThis study is reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).

Relational work in an alternative food network: The fundamental role of shared meaning for organising markets differently

AbstractThis article studies the role of shared meaning for organising Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). Extant research shows that organisational elements, such as rules, and hybridisation of conventional and alternative modes of food provisioning are important for AFN organisation. Yet, they might both enable and hinder the aims of AFNs. Complementing this body of research, the article investigates how AFN participants work out the appropriate kind of organisation for realising ‘a promise of difference’. Introducing Zelizer's ‘relational work’, the article investigates how AFN participants foster a shared meaning of participating and thereby identify what practices are appropriate for its organisation. The analysis draws on extensive ethnographic materials from Swedish REKO‐rings (a direct marketing arrangement for local foods). The findings show how the REKO‐ring participants’ relational work negotiates and establishes shared meaning; what practices are appropriate and inappropriate for organising decent food provisioning. The study contributes to extant research by showing the fundamental role of shared (and discordant) meaning for the organisation of market‐based alternatives to the current food system.

Attitudes of 3PL Providers of the Companies towards the Activities of Organizational Performance

Businesses today specialize in their core competencies and outsource their other operations due to the emerging perception of competition brought on by the large-scale similarity of production, the quick spread of technology and information systems, and the disappearance of international borders. One of the most common fields of outsourcing activity is Third Party Logistics (3PL) service, and the Organizational Performance elements of 3PL service providers are listed as Service Quality, Relationship Management and Organizational Effectiveness. This research aims to examine the Organizational Performance criteria of the 3PL providers serving the production enterprises and to evaluate the relationship structure between the mean and standard deviation values of the statements in the survey. The empirical results obtained from frequency, regression and standard deviation analyses show that Guanxi, Reliability, Assurance, and Trust positively affect Organizational Effectiveness. However, only Trust has a positive and statistically significant impact on Service Quality

Factores que inciden en la creación de <i>spin-offs</i> universitarias: un análisis multinivel desde la literatura

Spin-offs have been the subject of research over the past few decades due to their impact on the economy. Its creation process is complex because it involves elements and actors of diverse nature. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the factors influencing the creation of university spin-offs from a multilevel perspective. Through a systematic literature review, from an analytical standpoint, organizational, individual, institutional, and contextual elements were identified to play a crucial role. This approach provides a more complete view of the complexity of the spin-off creation process, highlighting the dynamic interaction between multiple factors, and contributes to promoting innovation and knowledge transfer from academia to the market.

Toward Sustainable Global Product Development Performance: Exploring the Criticality of Organizational Factors and the Moderating Influence of Global Innovation Culture

In today’s dynamic and global landscape, innovation and globalization are intricately linked drivers that propel modern businesses forward, serving as indispensable pillars upon which organizations heavily rely to maintain their competitive edge. Leveraging innovation within the context of global product development (GPD) practices is imperative for organizations seeking to survive and effectively compete in the rapidly evolving marketplace. While preceding studies have primarily focused on the importance of individual and organizational capabilities, policies, and cultural factors in driving product development (PD) performance, they often overlook their interconnectedness within a global context. To address this gap, this study delves into the relationship between organizational factors and global product development performance (GPDP) while examining the moderating influence of global innovation culture (GIC). These organizational factors encompass technological innovation capabilities (TICs), team creativity (TC), dynamic capabilities (DCA), and competitive advantage (CA). Our hypothesis suggests a positive impact of these factors on GPD performance. Employing a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach through SMART-PLS 3, we analyzed data collected from 480 questionnaire forms distributed among registered global product development (GPD) organizations operating in China. The empirical findings underscore the significant influence of organizational factors on GPD performance, highlighting the critical role of global innovation culture in shaping these relationships. These insights shed light on the importance of establishing a harmonious balance between organizational culture and various factors to enhance interaction among organizational elements and optimize global product development performance. Ultimately, these efforts can lead to improvements in the overall effectiveness and sustained global product development.

Nurturing an organizational context that supports team-based primary mental health care: A grounded theory study.

The expansion of the Patient-Centred Medical Home model presents a valuable opportunity to enhance the integration of team-based mental health services in primary care settings, thereby meeting the growing demand for such services. Understanding the organizational context of a Patient-Centred Medical Home is crucial for identifying the facilitators and barriers to integrating mental health care within primary care. The main objective of this paper is to present the findings related to the following research question: "What organizational features shape Family Health Teams' capacity to provide mental health services for depression and anxiety across Ontario, Canada?" Adopting a constructivist grounded theory approach, we conducted interviews with various mental health care providers, and administrators within Ontario's Family Health Teams, in addition to engaging provincial policy informants and community stakeholders. Data analysis involved a team-based approach, including code comparison and labelling, with a dedicated data analysis subcommittee convening monthly to explore coded concepts influencing contextual factors. From the 96 interviews conducted, involving 82 participants, key insights emerged on the organizational contextual features considered vital in facilitating team-based mental health care in primary care settings. Five prominent themes were identified: i) mental health explicit in the organizational vision, ii) leadership driving mental health care, iii) developing a mature and stable team, iv) adequate physical space that facilitates team interaction, and v) electronic medical records to facilitate team communication. This study underscores the often-neglected organizational elements that influence primary care teams' capacity to deliver quality mental health care services. It highlights the significance of strong leadership complemented by effective communication and collaboration within teams to enhance their ability to provide mental health care. Strengthening relationships within primary care teams lies at the core of effective healthcare delivery and should be leveraged to improve the integration of mental health care.

Review of the book „Statutul juridic și rolul organizaţiilor nonguvernamentale în guvernările democratice” [The legal status and role of non-governmental organizations in democratic governments], Author – Ciprian Gabriel Ungureanu, LUMEN Publishing, Iasi, 2024

The present article represents a book review of the volume „Statutul juridic și rolul organizaţiilor nonguvernamentale în guvernările democratice” [The legal status and role of non-governmental organizations in democratic governments], authored by Ciprian Gabriel Ungureanu, published byLumen Publishing, in 2024. The work of the author Ciprian Gabriel Ungureanu reflects the concerns for the regulation of constitutional law analyzed through the lens of domestic law and the applicable comparative law in this field. His volume highlights the study of some aspects related to the role and functions of civil society, the organizational forms of civil society, the legal status of non-governmental organizations and the comparable element of non-governmental organizations in Romania and the Republic of Moldova (Ungureanu, 2015).

Epigenetic marks uniquely tune the material properties of HP1α condensates

Biomolecular condensates have emerged as a powerful new paradigm in cell biology with broad implications to human health and disease, particularly in the nucleus where phase separation is thought to underly elements of chromatin organization and regulation. Specifically, it has been recently reported that phase separation of heterochromatin protein 1alpha (HP1α) with DNA contributes to the formation of condensed chromatin states. HP1α localization to heterochromatic regions is mediated by its binding to specific repressive marks on the tail of histone H3, such as trimethylated lysine 9 on histone H3 (H3K9me3). However, whether epigenetic marks play an active role in modulating the material properties of HP1α and dictating emergent functions of its condensates remains to be understood. Here, we leverage a reductionist system, composed of modified and unmodified histone H3 peptides, HP1α, and DNA, to examine the contribution of specific epigenetic marks to phase behavior of HP1α. We show that the presence of histone peptides bearing the repressive H3K9me3 is compatible with HP1α condensates, whereas peptides containing unmodified residues or bearing the transcriptional activation mark H3K4me3 are incompatible with HP1α phase separation. Using fluorescence microscopy and rheological approaches, we further demonstrate that H3K9me3 histone peptides modulate the dynamics and viscoelastic network properties of HP1α condensates in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, in cells exposed to uniaxial strain, we find there to be a decreased ratio of nuclear H3K9me3 to HP1α. These data suggest that HP1α-DNA condensates are viscoelastic materials, whose properties may provide an explanation for the dynamic behavior of heterochromatin in cells and in response to mechanostimulation.

How Could Digital Transformation Help Medium-Sized Enterprises Access Thailand’s New Capital Market Financing (LiVEx) to Support Sustainable Growth in the Digital Economy Era?

In today’s modern era, digital transformation serves as a crucial element for organizations to gain a competitive edge and optimize their operating systems. However, medium-sized enterprises in Thailand face difficulties in accessing capital market financing, despite its significance in promoting the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises according to the 13th National Economic and Social Development Plan. One potential solution to this issue is digital transformation, which can help these enterprises achieve their strategic business objectives and find a reliable source of funding while enhancing their reputation and credibility, thereby contributing to the growth of the economy as a whole. This study utilized a mixed-methods approach to explore how digital transformation can assist medium-sized enterprises in accessing LiVEx, a new capital market for Thai SMEs. We conducted extensive research and interviewed 12 senior executives across three groups, government agencies, LiVEx-listed companies, and social associations, to develop a questionnaire and conceptual model. Data collected from 360 individuals working in medium-sized enterprises in Thailand collected using an online questionnaire were then analyzed, using CFA and SEM techniques to validate the model. Our study emphasizes the importance of digital literacy, digital usage, and digital advocacy in the success of digital transformation in accessing Thai capital market financing. These findings serve as a valuable knowledge repository for future research.