Sensor Electrode Research Articles

In-Situ Formation of NiFe-MOF on Nickel Foam as a Self-Supporting Electrode for Flexible Electrochemical Sensing and Energy Conversion

Ni- and Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (NiFe-MOFs) have abundant valence states and have the potential to be used as bifunctional electrode materials. However, unannealed NiFe-MOFs are still not widely used in electrode materials, including electrochemical sensing, supercapacitors, and overall water splitting. In addition, the direct growth of active material on a conductive carrier has been developed as a binder-free strategy for electrode preparation. This strategy avoids the use of insulating binders and additional electrode treatments, simplifies the preparation process of the NiFe-MOFs, and improves the conductivity and mechanical stability of the electrode. Therefore, in this study, we employed a simple solvothermal method combined with an in situ growth technique to directly grow NiFe-MOF-X (X = 4, 8, 12) nanomaterials of different sizes and morphologies on nickel foam at low reaction temperatures and different reaction times. The NiFe-MOF-8 electrode exhibited high capacitive properties, with an area-specific capacitance of 5964 mF cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2 and excellent durability. On the other hand, NiFe-MOF-12 exhibited strong catalytic activity in electrocatalytic tests performed in a 1 M KOH aqueous solution, demonstrating hydrogen evolution reaction (η10 = 150 mV) and oxygen evolution reaction (η50 = 362 mV) activities. The electrochemical sensing tests demonstrated a good response to BPA. Overall, our results suggest that the direct growth of NiFe-MOFs on nickel foam using a simple solvothermal method combined with an in situ growth technique is a promising strategy.

Study on gas sensing characteristics of LaFeO3 sensor under multi-wavelength light illumination

The LaFeO3 (500–900 °C) powders were prepared using the sol–gel method. Multi-wavelength light illumination improved the LaFeO3 (700 °C) sensor's response. Under the 370 nm light illumination, the LaFeO3 (700 °C) sensor's responses to 30 ppm ethanol and methanol were 154.5 and 109.3 at 110 °C, and the response/recovery times were 70/127 s and 82/136 s. The LaFeO3 planar electrode sensor had a high response value to ethanol and methanol. Its high response value and low working temperature have great potential for gas detection in an unknown environment.

High performance of p-p heterojunction LaFeO3/YFeO3 planar electrode sensor for volatile organic compounds under multi-wavelength light illumination

The challenge encountered by the sensor in practical application is that the optimal working temperature is high, which will cause certain dangers in the work. Herein, we fabricated a p-p heterojunction composite LaFeO3/YFeO3 planar electrode sensor for gas detection. The planar electrode sensor adopts the method of direct heating, which reduces the optimal working temperature of the sensor compared with the traditional side-heated alumina ceramic tube sensor. The optimal operating temperature of the LaFeO3/YFeO3 (0.8:0.2) planar electrode sensor is 110 °C. In addition, we also performed multi-wavelength (470, 420, and 370 nm) light illumination experiments on the LaFeO3/YFeO3 sensor to improve gas response. Under 370 nm light illumination, the response values of the LaFeO3/YFeO3 (0.8:0.2) sensor to 30 ppm methanol, acetone, and ethanol were 166.82, 199.58, and 292.67, which were 1.19, 1.33, and 1.36 times than those in the dark. The lowest detection limits of the LaFeO3/YFeO3 (0.8:0.2) sensor under 370 nm light illumination for methanol, acetone, and ethanol were 0.3, 0.8, and 0.2 ppm, respectively. Therefore, the LaFeO3/YFeO3 (0.8:0.2) planar electrode sensor has the advantages of small size, low optimal operating temperature, low power consumption, high response value to volatile organic compounds gases, and high-cost performance for use in different gas environments.

Covalently Grafted 4-Aminopyridine-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing of Lead Ions

Covalently Grafted 4-Aminopyridine-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing of Lead Ions

SLA printing of POSS-containing, bio-based composites with low dielectric constant and shape-memory function

Improving sustainability and functionality of resins is important for the development of 3D printing technologies. This work demonstrates a novel bio-based and low dielectric resin containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) for stereolithography (SLA) printing to fabricate sensors and shape memory materials with complex geometry. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and methacrylic acid are used to synthesize a biobased methacrylate resin (MESO) via a ring-opening reaction, followed by incorporation of POSS into polymer matrix. In general, the viscosity of POSS/MESO composite resins is in the range of 0.40–0.58 Pa s, making them viable for SLA printing designs. With the addition of 5 wt% POSS, POSS/MESO composites can exhibit excellent mechanical properties, including tensile strength (18.9 MPa), elongation at break (19.8%), and toughness (399.2 MJ/m3). Furthermore, these materials have a very low dielectric constant of 2.97 at 1 MHz, which is desired for microelectronic applications to overcome signal delay and energy loss. In addition, presence of permanent and reversible networks formed by MESO and POSS endows the POSS/MESO composites with good shape memory property. The application demonstrators include fabrication of flexible interdigital electrode sensors and temperature-responsive sensors. Overall, this work provides great potential opportunities to design the bio-based functional sensor with on-demand control over structures by SLA printing.

A pilot study on intracerebral hemorrhage imaging based on electrical capacitance tomography

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease with high rates of mortality and disability. The survival rate and postoperative outcome of ICH can be greatly improved through prompt diagnosis and treatment. CT and MRI are now the gold standards for the diagnosis of ICH, but they are not practical for use in pre-hospital emergencies or at the bedside monitoring.Methods: Based on the earlier research of ICH detection with a single parallel plate electrode sensor, we developed a 16-electrode Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) system for two-dimensional tomographic imaging of ICH in this study. A 5-layer spherical numerical model and an ex vivo porcine physical model of ICH were created for ECT simulation imaging and actual imaging, respectively, to assess the feasibility of this ECT for ICH imaging.Results: The bleeding circles were easily seen in the image reconstruction in numerical imaging. In ex vivo imaging, the existence of bleeding was also more clearly shown with the ECT system; however, the position of the bleeding reconstructed in the image was offset by 3 mm from the real site.Discussion: The study analyzes the causes of this discrepancy and discusses the steps that may be taken to rectify it. Overall, the simulation and ex vivo experimental trials validated the potential of ICH imaging with the ECT method; however, further work is required to increase the performance of the ECT and a more advanced imaging reconstruction algorithm is urgently needed for ICH imaging.

Target/aptamer binding-induced inhibition of enzyme activity for amplified electrochemical detection of Sonic Hedgehog protein

The high expression of Sonic Hedgehog (SHh) is responsible for the known biological activity of Hedgehog, which closely correlates with cancer metastasis, drug resistance and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, with a new target/aptamer binding-induced inhibition of enzyme activity strategy, we report the construction of an amplified and sensitive electrochemical biosensor for detecting SHh. The analytes bind hairpin aptamer probes to form SHh/aptamer complexes, which inhibit cleavage of aptamers by exonuclease III via the steric hindrance effect not to yield the displacement strands that can displace the biotin-modified signal probes from the sensor electrode. The streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (STV-HRP) subsequently bind the biotin-probes and are confined on electrode surface through biotin/streptavidin interactions to show highly enhanced catalytic currents with the presence of 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)/H2O2 for realizing SHh detection down to 3.34 pM with high selectivity. The interrogation of SHh in diluted serums by this sensor has also been demonstrated. With the verification for SHh assay and the advantages in terms of aptamer recognition, simplicity by electrochemical transduction and sensitivity by catalytic current signal amplification, our strategy can be a convenient aptamer-based approach for detecting different proteins for various biological studies and disease diagnosis purposes.

Solid-state ion-selective electrodes for the first potentiometric determination of the anti-COVID 19 drug Remdesivir in human plasma; A comparative study

Establishing sensitive and targeted analytical methodologies for drug identification in biological fluids as well as screening of treatments that can counteract the most severe COVID-19 infection-related side effects are of utmost importance. Here, first attempts have been made for determination of the anti-COVID drug Remdesivir (RDS) in human plasma using four potentiometric sensors. Calixarene-8 (CX8) was used as an ionophore applied to the first electrode (Sensor I). The second had a layer of dispersed graphene nanocomposite coating (Sensor II). (Sensor III) was fabricated using nanoparticles of polyaniline (PANI) as ion-to–electron transducer. A reverse-phase polymerization using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was employed to create a graphene-polyaniline (G/PANI) nanocomposite electrode (Sensor IV). Surface morphology was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). UV absorption spectra and Fourier Transform Ion Spectrophotometry (FTIR) also supported their structural characterization. The impact of graphene and polyaniline integration on the functionality and durability of the manufactured sensors was examined using the water layer test and signal drift. In the ranges of concentration of 10−7 to 10−2 mol/L and 10−7 to 10−3, sensors II & IV exhibited linear responses; respectively while sensors I & III displayed linearity within 10−6 to 10−2 mol/L. The target drug was easily detectable using LOD down to 100 nmol/L. The developed sensors satisfactorily offered sensitive, stable, selective and accurate estimate of Remdesivir (RDS) in its pharmaceutical formulation as well as spiked human plasma with recoveries ranging from 91.02 to 95.76 % with average standard deviations less than 1.85. The suggested procedure was approved in accordance with ICH recommendations.

Development and Optimization of a Highly Sensitive Sensor to Quinine-Based Saltiness Enhancement Effect

The saltiness enhancement effect can be produced by adding specific substances to dietary salt (sodium chloride). This effect has been used in salt-reduced food to help people forge healthy eating habits. Therefore, it is necessary to objectively evaluate the saltiness of food based on this effect. In a previous study, sensor electrodes based on lipid/polymer membrane with Na+ ionophore have been proposed to quantify the saltiness enhanced by branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), citric acid, and tartaric acid. In this study, we developed a new saltiness sensor with the lipid/polymer membrane to quantify the saltiness enhancement effect of quinine by replacing a lipid that caused an unexpected initial drop in the previous study with another new lipid. As a result, the concentrations of lipid and ionophore were optimized to produce an expected response. Logarithmic responses have been found on both NaCl samples and quinine-added NaCl samples. The findings indicate the usage of lipid/polymer membranes on novel taste sensors to evaluate the saltiness enhancement effect accurately.

Screen-Printed Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Bacteriophage of Lactococcus Lactis for Dairy Production

In the dairy industry, the spreading of phages of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Lactococcus lactis</i> prevent the proper lactic fermentation, causing waste of contaminated products and economic losses. This work presents a cheap biosensing method for rapidly detecting the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L.lactis</i> phages. The detection is based on live <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L. lactis</i> bacteria covering the sensor electrodes, whose electrical response is measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Solutions contaminated by phages induce bacteria lysis, clearly reducing the bacteria coverage over the electrodes and leading to evident parametrical shifts in the charge transfer resistance and in the impedance phase at 400 Hz. Experimental tests with laboratory contaminated samples confirm that screen-printed sensors with gold and detection capability compared to interdigitated gold electrodes. Two measurement protocols, called spill-out and drop-in methods, are evaluated to optimize the sensor detection capability and time. The EIS results are compared with optical absorbance measurements at 600 nm, in order to validate the proposed detection method with 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> PFU/mL phages and with a detection time of about 5 hours. Lastly, the proposed method is tested successfully with milk-based solutions. Evident shifts are measured in the charge transfer resistance of more than one order of magnitude and impedance phase differences of 43° in phages contaminated sensors.

High-strength and recyclable pure chitosan films manufactured by an ionic liquid assisted roll-forming method

Chitosan materials perform a great potential for applications in sustainable and flexible electronics, owing to their abundance, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. While limited by the inherent shortcoming of having a melting temperature higher than its degradation temperature, chitosan is hard to be manufactured by traditional thermoforming or solvent-free methods. Herein, we demonstrated a tractable roll-forming method to process chitosan films under the plasticizing effect of ionic liquids. In particular, the additional ionic liquids could be removed by Soxhlet extraction and then recycled toward sustainability. The final regenerated chitosan films exhibited outstanding strength (53.1 MPa), high elongation (3.5%) and hardness (0.4 GPa). Simultaneously, the successful fabrication of interdigital electrode sensors on the chitosan film indicated the feasibility of manufacturing flexible electronics using chitosan substrates. Thus, our innovative strategy enables the sustainable formation of high-performance chitosan films, offering a broader prospect for the new generation of chitosan-based biodegradable electronics.

An Alternative Methodology of Fair‐Weather Identification for Ground‐Based Measurement of AEF at the Polar Region

AbstractWe present a novel method to discriminate atmospheric electric field (AEF) variations originating from the global electrical circuit and local meteorological‐induced AEF variations. By comparing the AEF values measured at two different heights, the method identifies the AEF data including disturbances caused by charged blowing snow particles, and provides the fair‐weather AEF data. The intense positive (fair‐weather direction) apparent AEF was measured during strong winds because of the collision of negatively charged blowing snow particles into the sensor electrode of the electric field mill. In general, the volume density of blowing snow particles rapidly decreases with increasing height. Therefore, measured AEF values at the two heights were different. The difference between AEF values measured at the two heights increased at a wind speed of 6 m/s or more. Meanwhile, the statistical analysis showed that the AEF with and without clouds was less than approximately 1 V/m at Syowa Station, which is negligible. In addition, this case study at Syowa Station found no relationship between cloud extension/dissipation and AEF. Accordingly, we propose a practical method to identify the fair‐weather conditions by the AEF values at two heights and wind speed observed in the polar region, such as at Syowa Station. When we employ criteria that the difference between the AEF observed at the 1.4 and 10 m heights was within ±20 V/m under the wind speed with less than 6.0 m/s to the whole data at Syowa Station, 24% of them were identified as fair‐weather data.

Electrolyte-gated field Effect Transistors Based on Cu Interdigitated Electrode for H2O2 and Glucose Sensing

A copper interdigitated electrode was patterned on a piece of printed circuit board. A layer of CNRG-CS composite prepared using graphitic carbon nitride, reduced graphene oxide and chitosan was immobilized on Cu interdigitated electrode as semiconductive channel. Then, the prepared CNRG-CS modified Cu interdigitated electrode was positioned into a home-made chamber to assemble an electrolyte-gated field effect transistor (EGFET)-based sensor for the non-enzymatic detection of H2O2. Also, glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized on CNRG-CS modified Cu interdigitated electrode to prepare CNRG-CS/GOx modified Cu interdigitated electrode and to assemble an EGFET-based biosensor for the enzymatic detection of glucose. Two linear dynamic ranges of 0.16 − 8.0 μM and 8.0 − 160 μM were obtained for H2O2 detection. Also, two linear dynamic ranges of 0.15 − 3.5 μM and 3.5 − 80 μM were obtained for glucose detection. The detection limits (S/N = 3) for H2O2 and glucose were 0.12 and 0.14 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviations for repetitive measurements (n = 3) of H2O2 (3.0 μM) and glucose (3.0 μM) were 1.8 and 2.5%, respectively.

Target-promoted specific activation of m6A-DNAzyme for SPEXPAR-amplified and highly sensitive non-label electrochemical assay of FTO demethylase.

The demethylase of fat mass and obesity related protein (FTO) is critical to regulate the dynamic N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of eukaryotic mRNAs, and its overexpression has found to be closely related to the initiation of several cancers. On the basis of a target-promoted specific activation of DNAzyme strategy coupled with self-primer exponential amplification reaction (SPEXPAR) cycles and DNA supersandwich assemblies, the highly sensitive and label-free electrochemical FTO assay approach is established. The modification of the catalytic core nucleobase of the DNAzyme probe by m6A can inhibit its cleavage activity. The presence of target FTO catalyzes the elimination of the methyl group to restore the DNAzyme activity, which cleaves the hairpin substrates to trigger the SPEXPAR for yielding many ssDNAs. The capture of these DNAs on the sensor electrode leads to the initiation of supersandwich assembly formation of long dsDNAs. Tremendous electrochemical signal probe of [Ru(NH3)6]Cl3 are then absorbed on these dsDNAs to produce highly amplified catalytic currents with the assistance of K3[Fe(CN)6] for detecting trace FTO with 63.1fM detection limit. Furthermore, the sensor can be employed for selective assay of FTO in cell lysates, revealing the great potential of this sensing strategy for biomedical and biological study applications.

Detection of Trace Hg(II) in Cosmetics and Aqueous Solution by a Gold Nanospikes Electrochemical Sensor

An ultrasensitive and rapid electrochemical detection of trace Hg(II) sensor was developed. The significantly amplified electrochemical signals was caused by the high specific surface area of the electrochemical sensor. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the gold nanospikes were 200 ∼ 300 nm in length and 50 nm in diameter. The electrochemical properties of sensor were characterized by square wave voltammetry. Experimental parameters were optimized using square wave stripping voltammetry. The linear range of sensor for Hg(II) is 3 × 10−10 mol l−1 ∼ 7 × 10−7 mol l−1 and the limit of detection is 1 × 10−10 mol l−1. Hg(II) was successfully quantified in river water and cosmetics. The original Hg(II) in loose powder, Sunblock and whitening lotion using the high ratio surface area electrochemical sensor determination were found to be 2.234, 2.056 and 2.347 mg kg−1 respectively. The results are within the range of standard values, the RSD are 1.7%, 1.5% and 2.1%, respectively. HRSA Au electrode sensor displays high sensitive, excellent stability, reproducibility, especially more convenient than ICP-MS and AFS verification methods. We look forward to the possibility that the HRSA Au electrode sensor can be used for real-time monitoring of Mercury ions in water and cosmetics in the future.

Zinc oxide modified carbon paste electrode sensor for the voltammetric detection of L-tryptophan in presence of uric acid and ascorbic acid

The mechanochemical method was used for the synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONps) and was characterized by energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Using a zinc oxide modified carbon paste electrode (ZnOMCPE) the oxidative response of L-tryptophan (LTP) was analyzed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. CV was used to scrutinize the parameters of pH, concentration and scan rate of LTP. In this work, compared to bare carbon paste electrode (BCPE), the modified electrode shows enhanced peak current. CV exhibits a good linearity in the concentration range 10–40 μM (LTP). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of LTP were observe to be 0.57 and 1.72 μM respectively. DPV was used to study the analytical individualization and interference study of L-tryptophan (LTP), Uric acid (UA) and Ascorbic acid (AA). The above outcome shows that the polished surface of the modified electrode gives excellent sensitivity and selectivity in its voltammetric response and good LOD for LTP.

Inkjet-printed plasma-functionalized polymer-based capacitive sensor for PAHs

The inkjet-printing technology is utilized to foster conducting layers, interconnections, and other features on different substrates of which its success greatly depends on the surface properties of the substrates. In the present work, we reported the use of low-temperature plasma (LTP) to assist in tailoring the surface properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This facilitated the inkjet printing of a capacitive electrode sensor design using silver nano-ink (AgNI) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that are of great health concern. We have sifted methyl methacrylate (MMA), N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP), and oxygen (O2) as plasma fed-gases for improving the adhesion of printed AgNI on PET. We observed improved surface hydrophilicity of the plasma-treated PET (p-PET). This was evidenced by the decrease in water contact angle (WCA). The change in surface chemistry with plasma treatment was assessed using X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was employed in determining the nanoscale surface roughness of PET. We then fabricated the capacitive sensor using AgNI to quantitatively sense the PAH from aqueous media. This sensor was subsequently characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Keyence 3D imaging. The capacitance values have shown a linear response with increased PAH concentration. The sensor design exhibits a high sensitivity for PAH concentrations up to 0.05 ng/mL. Ultimately, these results have demonstrated the potential of this polymer device for pollutant sensing applications.

A Hybrid Stainless-Steel SPME Microneedle Electrode Sensor for Dual Electrochemical and GC-MS Analysis.

A mechanically robust in-tube stainless steel microneedle solid phase microextraction (SPME) platform for dual electrochemical and chromatographic detection has been demonstrated. The SPME microneedle was fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) in-tube coating, consisting of carbon nanotube (CNT)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) film layered with an electrically conductive polyaniline (PANI) hydrogel layer (PANI@CNT/CNC SPME microneedle (MN)). The PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN showed effective analysis of caffeine by GC-MS with an LOD of 26 mg/L and excellent precision across the dynamic range. Additionally, the PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN demonstrated a 67% increase in sensitivity compared to a commercial SPME fiber, while being highly robust for repeated use without loss in performance. For electrochemical detection, the PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN showed excellent performance for the detection of 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA). The dynamic range and limits of detection (LOD) for 3-CQA analysis were 75-448 mg/L and 11 mg/L, respectively. The PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN was demonstrated to accurately determine the caffeine content and 3-CQA in tea samples and dark roast coffee, respectively. The PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN was used for semiquantitative antioxidant determination and composition analysis in kiwi fruit using electrochemistry and SPME-coupled GC-MS, respectively.

Cardiac and cerebral hemodynamics with umbilical cord milking compared with early cord clamping: A randomized cluster crossover trial

ObjectiveA large, randomized cluster cross-over trial (N = 1730) comparing intact umbilical cord milking (UCM) to early cord clamping (ECC) in non-vigorous near-term/term newborns demonstrated a reduction in cardiorespiratory interventions at birth and less moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. We evaluated changes in cerebral tissue oxygenation (StO2), pulse oximetry (SpO2), pulse rate and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) during the first 10 min of life in a subset of infants enrolled in the parent trial. Study designInfants enrolled in the Milking in Non-Vigorous Infants trial that had StO2 monitoring at birth were included in the sub-study conducted at 3 hospitals the US and Canada. A near-infrared spectroscopy sensor, pulse oximeter and electrocardiogram electrodes were placed. Pulse rate, StO2, SpO2, and FiO2 were collected for the first 10 min after birth. Longitudinal models were used to compare effects of UCM and ECC. ResultsThirty-four infants had StO2 data. Fifteen of these infants received UCM and 19 had ECC. Infants receiving UCM had similar heart rates, SpO2, and StO2 values, but were exposed to less FiO2 over the first 10 min of life than infants with ECC (0.26 ± 0.12 vs. 0.81 ± 0.05 at 10 min). ConclusionNon-vigorous term/near term infants who received UCM at birth required lower FiO2 after delivery when compared to infants who umbilical cords were clamped soon after birth while achieving similar peripheral and cerebral oxygenation. Cord milking may be a potential option for placental transfusion in non-vigorous near term/term infants when delayed cord clamping cannot be performed.

The Effect of Pre-Stretched Substrate on the Electrical Resistance of Printed Ag Nanowires.

One-dimensional nanomaterials have drawn attention as an alternative electrode material for stretchable electronics. In particular, silver nanowires (Ag NWs) have been studied as stretchable electrodes for strain sensors, 3D electronics, and freeform-shaped electronic circuits. In this study, Ag NWs ink was printed on the pre-stretched silicone rubber film up to 40% in length using a drop-on-demand dispenser. After printing, silicone rubber film was released and stretched up to 20% as a cyclic test with 10-time repetition, and the ratios of the resistance of the stretched state to that of the released state (Rstretched/Rreleased) were measured at each cycle. For Ag NWs electrode printed on the pre-stretched silicone rubber at 30%, Rstretched/Rreleased at 10% and 20% strain was 1.05, and 1.57, respectively, which is significantly less than about 7 for Ag NWs at the 10% strain without pre-stretched substrate. In the case of 10% strain on the 30% pre-stretched substrate, the substrate is stretched and the contact points with Ag NWs were not changed much as the silicone rubber film stretched, which meant that Ag NWs may slide between other Ag NWs. Ag NWs electrode on the 40% pre-stretched substrate was stretched, strain was concentrated on the Ag NWs electrode and failure of electrode occurred, because cracks occurred at the surface of silicone rubber film when it was pre-stretched to 40%. We confirmed that printed Ag NWs on the pre-stretched film showed more contact points and less electric resistance compared to printed Ag NWs on the film without pre-stretching.