Electricity Consumption Growth Research Articles

Modelling the operation modes of local MicroGrid networks with mobile wind and solar power plants

The basis for the development of the global energy sector is the introduction of alternative energy and, accordingly, a complete change in approaches to the structural reorganisation of energy systems. An analysis of the state of electric power networks in Ukraine shows their almost complete depreciation, low reliability and structural obsolescence, which makes further development and expansion difficult to ensure the rapid growth of electricity consumption. Therefore, a trendy solution to the problem of modernising electric power networks while increasing their capacity and reliability is the use of MicroGrid systems, which are structural elements of the Smart Grid concept based on the intellectualisation of the management of the full cycle of electricity generation, use and storage. The miniaturisation and localisation of smart electric networks makes it possible to minimise power losses and ensure full control over their operating modes. A MicroGrid provides management of distributed energy resources and is essentially a hybrid, as it includes renewable energy sources alongside traditional ones. Regulation of MicroGrid operation modes and power flows in it is the key to increasing the sustainability of the operation processes. The article proposes the use of mobile wind-solar power plants as sources of distributed generation in the MicroGrid system, which is a new technical solution for improving the structural scheme of its implementation and optimising the management of operating modes. The structure of MicroGrid is substantiated and developed, and mathematical modelling of autonomous and hybrid modes of operation of the system with mobile renewable energy power plants is performed. The obtained results show the feasibility and energy efficiency of the developed MicroGrid system. Conclusions are drawn regarding the prospects for further development of MicroGrid with mobile power plants.

Energy Consumption & Economic Growth in Nigeria (1971 - 2021): A Multifaceted Analysis Using Descriptive Statistics, Charts, Logistic Regression, and Neural Networks

This study examines the intricate interplay between electricity consumption and economic growth, specifically Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in Nigeria. Despite the acknowledged influence of electricity consumption on GDP, the research takes a comprehensive approach by scrutinizing various economic factors that may contribute to Nigeria's remarkable GDP performance within the African context. Utilizing a meticulous methodology, the investigation explores the relationships between GDP and variables such as unemployment, population, lending interest rates, importation costs, and inflation rates across a 50-case observational dataset. The findings highlight the substantial impact of electric power consumption, population, and lending interest rates on Nigeria's GDP, while revealing the relatively minor effects of other predictors.

Electricity Transmission Losses, Electricity Consumption, and Economic Growth in Ghana

An unsustainable power supply has dire consequences for every economy. Extant studies focused on the nexus of electricity consumption and economic growth to the neglect of electricity transmission losses (ETL). This paper argued that quantifying the effect of ETL on electricity consumption and understanding its implications on growth will incite actions to improve the electricity transmission system in Ghana. Using yearly data from 2000 to 2020 in an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the study concludes that ETL reduce the total amount of electric power consumed in Ghana by 34%. Again, a reduction in electricity consumption due to ETL reduces national income and Ghana’s growth at large. Factors including electricity price, exchange rate, and inflation also influenced electricity consumption and economic growth in Ghana. The study suggests massive improvement in its electricity transmission system to reduce electricity losses, increase electricity consumption, and enhance economic growth.

Electricity consumption and economic growth in Ghana: how significant are electricity transmission losses?

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the nonlinear relationship between electricity consumption (EC) and electricity transmission losses (ETL) in Ghana. Also, we examined how ETL moderate the effect of EC on economic growth in Ghana from 1980 to 2021.Design/methodology/approachWe used timeseries data from 1980 to 2021 within an autoregressive distributed lag framework to analyze the links among ETL, EC and economic growth in Ghana.FindingsFindings show the existence of an asymmetric long-run relationship between EC and ETL. Also, the negative effects of ETL on EC are bigger in the long run. In addition, ETL and EC combine to reduce economic growth, in the long run, providing evidence for the energy-led growth theory in Ghana. Population and inflation were also found to have a significant effect on economic growth in Ghana.Originality/valueWe examined the nonlinear nexus of EC and ETL, which extant studies have ignored in discussing the link between EC and economic growth. Again, we showed that ETL reduces EC causing a reduction in economic growth.

Decomposition Analysis of Regional Electricity Consumption Drivers Considering Carbon Emission Constraints: A Comparison of Guangdong and Yunnan Provinces in China

Electricity consumption is closely linked to economic growth, social development, and carbon emissions. In order to fill the gap of previous studies on the decomposition of electricity consumption drivers that have not adequately considered carbon emission constraint, this study constructs the Kaya extended model of electricity consumption and analyzes the effects of drivers in industrial and residential sectors using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method, and empirically explores the temporal and spatial differences in electricity consumption. Results show that: (1) During 2005–2021, the total final electricity consumption growth in Guangdong was much higher than that in Yunnan, but the average annual growth rate in Guangdong was lower, and the largest growth in both provinces was in the industrial sector. (2) The labor productivity level effect is the primary driver that increases total final electricity consumption (Guangdong: 78.5%, Yunnan: 87.1%), and the industrial carbon emission intensity effect is the primary driver that decreases total final electricity consumption (Guangdong: −75.3%, Yunnan: −72.3%). (3) The year-to-year effect of each driver by subsector is overall positively correlated with the year-to-year change in the corresponding driver, and declining carbon emission intensity is a major factor in reducing electricity consumption. (4) The difference in each effect between Guangdong and Yunnan is mainly determined by a change in the corresponding driver and subsectoral electricity consumption. Policy implications are put forward to promote energy conservation and the realization of the carbon neutrality goal.

Regional Heterogeneity Analysis of Residential Electricity Consumption in Chinese Cities: Based on Spatial Measurement Models

The share of electricity consumption by urban and rural residents in China’s overall electricity consumption is very close to that of the tertiary sector, which has become an important driver of China’s electricity consumption growth. At the same time, due to the mismatch between China’s regional resource endowments and the level of regional development, the regional supply and demand situation for electricity varies. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the regional differences in residential electricity consumption and the factors affecting it, and accordingly adopt targeted and feasible measures to regulate residential electricity consumption. This article includes data from 285 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2019, and adopts a “three lines” method of region-partitioning (Qinling–Huaihe line, Huhuanyong line, and Shanhaiguan line) to divide four regions. We used spatial econometric models to examine residential electricity consumption and its influencing factors in China from the standpoint of regional heterogeneity. The results show that there is significant regional heterogeneity in residential electricity consumption in China, and the difference between the north of the Shanhaiguan line and other areas is significant. Moreover, there is a positive spatial correlation in the per capita domestic electricity consumption of urban residents, and each influencing factor has obvious regional heterogeneity, among which household appliances are the significant influencing factor. Based on the regional heterogeneity of residential electricity consumption, management measures should be formulated according to local conditions, and the supply of electricity should be ensured by strengthening multidimensional initiatives.

Study on the Change of Power Consumption Structure in Xumai Township, Nimu County, Lhasa, Xizang

The research on the evolution of rural power consumption structure in Xizang reflects the information on rural power development in Xizang, and the information on rural power development shows the people's living standards and demand trends. In order to understand the depth of changes in the power consumption structure of farmers and herdsmen households, the project team conducted a field survey of the changes in power supply sources, power consumption structure, power consumption equipment, and operation and management status of Sumai Township, a typical village in Nimu County, Lhasa City, Xizang over the years, and explored the history and trend of power development in remote villages in Xizang. Field research has found that before 2014, the township mainly relied on small-scale independent solar photovoltaic power supply, which was almost used for lighting; Since the implementation of the State Grid in 2014, electricity consumption has shifted from low voltage to wide voltage. In the past three years, the annual electricity consumption growth rate in Xumai Township has exceeded 6%, and the power supply stability has reached 90%. At the same time, the township utilizes solar photovoltaic street lights. The electrical appliances used have developed from a single lamp to power appliances such as household appliances, agricultural electric vehicles, tsamba machines and oil presses. The distribution line of the township is gradually being replaced with medium and low voltage, and is equipped with a 35kV Xumai substation. The 10kV medium and low voltage distribution network project of the rural power grid is gradually being put into operation and put into practice. However, research has found that villagers hope to use more clean energy such as solar energy for power supply and heating, in order to reduce the cost of electricity and gas bills.

EUROPEAN OFFSHORE NETWORK WITH WIND POWER PLANTS

Problems The growth of electricity consumption and the change in climatic conditions present society with the challenge of ensuring sustainable and ecologically clean electricity production. For many countries, especially in the European Union, the transition to sustainable and ecologically clean energy sources has become a priority.
 Objective A general overview and analysis of trends in the development of the network of offshore wind power plants located in the open sea on the continental shelf of European countries
 Methodology of implementation The strategy for the development of a single European offshore network with wind power plants was used for research. The study of the effectiveness and advantages of offshore power plants was carried out in the variability of the advanced countries of the European Union..
 Results An overview of the electric power industry of European countries that pursue an active policy in the field of offshore energy is given. The statistics on the generation of wind energy, the number and development of wind turbines in Europe are given. The main projects that have been implemented or are in the process of preparation have been considered. An analysis of the measures introduced by the European Union to increase the use of wind energy and reduce dependence on traditional energy sources and achieve carbon neutrality was performed.
 Conclusions The European offshore network with wind power plants has become an important component of sustainable energy development in the region. Statistics on the development of offshore wind energy indicate that European countries are actively working on the development of this sector, investing significant efforts and resources.

A case study of a neighborhood in Douala examining the technical feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy system connected to the grid for energy and oxygen production in the fight against respiratory diseases

The world is increasingly focusing its attention on the rapid growth in electricity consumption, a concern shared by both industrialized and emerging nations. Meeting this escalating demand has become crucial, necessitating a shift towards sustainable energy use. Renewable energy sources have emerged as a popular choice for both off-grid and grid-connected installations as a means to bridge the efficiency gap. In this context, the present paper explores the potential of supplying electricity to a neighborhood in Cameroon comprising 100 homes through the integration of solar photovoltaic cells and electrolyzers. It is worth noting that Cameroon as a whole continues to grapple with severe social, economic, and physical challenges. Some regions within the country face significant obstacles in accessing quality healthcare, particularly for conditions like respiratory illnesses. This study employs an intelligent energy management method to design an optimal power flow control system, aimed at enhancing system stability during power outages and load fluctuations by effectively utilizing available storage capacity. The analysis was conducted using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) program. Our calculations reveal that a daily output of 0.123 kg mass of oxygen is produced, with renewable factor (RF) values indicating an 85.1 % integration of renewable sources, and the crucial parameter of Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) reaching 0 %. These findings demonstrate that it is feasible for 100 homes to reliably generate and connect to the grid for electricity. Moreover, this research can serve as a solid foundation for the development of hybrid renewable energy systems to address the challenge of treating respiratory disorders such as COVID-19. These results underscore the significance of this study for various stakeholders, including decision-makers, policymakers, and investors in Cameroon and beyond. The ultimate goal is to promote national growth by improving socio-medical conditions.

Clean energy consumption in newly poverty-relieved villages: Limited adaptability to external shocks

Billions of people lack access to inexpensive clean energy and live in energy poverty. However, exogenous shocks like pandemics or extremely high temperatures can exacerbate such challenges, particularly in newly poverty-relieved villages. We demonstrate empirically how external shocks can weaken newly poverty-relieved villages' ability to use clean energy—in this case, residential electricity consumption. A household electricity consumption dataset in over 700 poverty-stricken villages spanning from January 2016 to June 2020 has been compiled. The results show that there is a significant socioeconomic heterogeneity in the capacity of electricity consumption in poverty-relieved villages. Specifically, electricity consumption in newly poverty-relieved villages has an increasing trend, while areas with a poorer peripheral economy or a greater proportion of poor households show a muted increase. What's more, such an increase in newly poverty-relieved villages is lacking in strength due to their limited adaptability to extreme temperatures, no matter high or low temperatures. Additionally, compared to their counterparts with no pandemic, the growth of electricity consumption in newly poverty-relieved villages significantly decreased during the national COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides insights for policymakers to adjust policy designs to address the limited adaptability of this vulnerable group to clean energy consumption. This paper adds to the policy discussion of the increased costs of electricity generation due to low carbon transition in energy systems, and the urgency for policy to address this issue to avoid social injustice.

The Nexus between Foreign Direct Investment and Electricity Consumption in South Africa

The study investigates the nexus between foreign direct investment inflows and electricity consumption in South Africa. The study utilized borrowed time series data sourced from the World Bank and South African Reserve Bank spanning from 1970 to 2020. The study employs a Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) models to investigate the nexus between foreign direct investment inflows and electricity consumption in South Africa. The results of the Johansen cointegration test revealed the presence of cointegration relationships between the variables in the study. The results of the FMOLS and DOLS revealed negative statistically significant and insignificant relationship between electricity consumption and foreign direct investment inflows in South Africa, respectively. Other results revealed that economic growth has a positive statistically significant relationship with foreign direct investment inflows. The Granger causality results revealed unidirectional causality running from economic growth to foreign direct investment inflows. The study recommends that the government and policymakers must revise policies on electricity consumption and economic growth to attract foreign direct investment inflows in South Africa.

Μοdeling Environmental Degradation: The Effects of Electricity Consumption, Economic Growth and Globalization

This study aims to explore the effects of electricity consumption, economic growth and globalization on CO2 emissions in the case of the top ten electricity consuming countries. The sample used is annual data covering the period 1990-2018. This paper adopts the cross-sections independence and controls the heterogeneity between cross-sections by using the second generation econometric of panel data. More precisely, the CIPS unit root test, Pedroni (1999) cointegration, Westerlund (2007) bootstrap cointegration, and FMOLS and DOLS techniques have been applied. Additionally, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality test is used to investigate the causal nexus among the examined variables. The findings of the study support that all variables are integrated in the long run. Electricity consumption and economic growth have a positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions in these countries. On the other hand, globalization has a negative and significant effect on CO2 emissions, implying the improvement of environmental quality. The results also support the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), as well as bidirectional causalities between economic growth and CO2 emissions, between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions, and between economic growth and globalization. Furthermore, unidirectional causalities running from globalization to CO2 emissions, from economic growth to electricity consumption, and from electricity consumption to globalization are found. Policy implications are further discussed.

Does the increased electricity consumption (provided by capacity expansion and/or reliability improvement) cause economic growth?

Research suggests a strong correlation between a region's electricity consumption and its economic growth. Microgrids expand cleaner electricity production, improve electricity availability/reliability/resilience, and provide a more dependable platform for technology-based economic activities. This dependability has the potential to attract more investors to the microgrid region, which may induce additional economic growth (compared to the region's historical trends). Since there is not enough statistical data to test the relationship for microgrid footprints, this paper studies the correlation between electricity and the economy to investigate whether the nexus between electricity consumption and economic growth is two-way. A brief survey indicates the existence of a clear relationship in over 75% of 317 cases reviewed. This research has also shown a tight feedback relationship between electricity and economic activity in the U.S. through a comprehensive model-based study and the Granger causality concept. Drawing on research, we infer that an improvement in electricity reliability can increase the potential for regional economic growth. A causal loop diagram (CLD) is also provided as a visual model to justify the feedback relationship.

Optimization of a multi-energy microgrid in the presence of energy storage and conversion devices by using an improved gray wolf algorithm

The growth of electricity consumption and demand for higher quality of electricity has directed the electricity industry towards using new technologies. In this paper, a novel model is proposed for the optimal scheduling of multi-energy microgrid (MEM) systems that rely on renewable energy sources. The model incorporates various emerging high-efficient technologies, including electric vehicle (EV) parking lots, power-to-gas (P2G) facilities, and demand response programs. The MEM system described in this paper comprises several components, such as wind energy generation, multi-carrier energy storage technologies, a boiler, a combined heat and power unit, power-to-gas (P2G) capability, electric vehicles (EVs), and demand response programs. The main objective of the system is to minimize the total operational cost. Moreover, the system operator has the opportunity to actively participate in the electricity, heat, and gas markets, enabling them to fulfill local energy demands and maximize profits through energy exchanges. The proposed system is exposed to uncertainties caused by wind power, demand, electric vehicles and power price. The optimization process in this study utilizes the Gray Wolf Algorithm, which has been enhanced by incorporating the Local Escaping Operator method. This improved algorithm is employed to optimize the scheduling and operation of the multi-energy microgrid (MEM) system. The goal of the Gray Wolf Algorithm, in combination with the Local Escaping Operator method, is to find optimal solutions that minimize the total operational costs of the MEM system while considering factors such as renewable energy generation, energy storage, demand response programs, and the integration of emerging technologies. The results obtained from the optimization process demonstrate a reduction in the total cost of operations when various technologies are integrated into the grid. By applying the proposed optimization model, which incorporates the Gray Wolf Algorithm improved via the Local Escaping Operator method, the overall operational costs of the MEM system are decreased. This reduction in costs is achieved by efficiently managing the integration of renewable energy sources, energy storage technologies, demand response programs, and other emerging technologies within the grid. Simulations are conducted for different scenarios, and the results show that integrated energy scheduling, along with the incorporation of emerging technologies and vehicle-to-grid capability, can reduce the total operating cost by 15%. Furthermore, the integration of multi-carrier energy storage systems with electricity-to-gas technology can reduce daily performance costs by up to 10%.

Analisis Konsumsi Listrik di Provinsi Papua terhadap Pengaruh Investasi, Belanja Pengeluaran Daerah, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan Jumlah Penduduk

Electricity consumption is an important factor in driving economic growth. Increasing economic growth will increase electricity consumption, and vice versa. The effect of the growth of electricity consumption on economic growth in Papua Province is a goal to be known through this research. To achieve this goal, secondary data for 2012–2022, sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics for Papua Province and PT. PLN (Persero) Papua and West Papua regions, are processed using a quantitative approach and multiple regression analysis model. This secondary data includes investment value, regional expenditure, the human development index, and population, which is an independent variable. While the electricity consumption data is a dependent variable. The results of the study show that simultaneously, all independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable. The value of investment, regional expenditures, and the human development index have a positive but not significant effect on increasing electricity consumption. While the population has a positive and significant influence on increasing electricity consumption.

Inequality in electricity consumption and economic growth: Evidence from a small area estimation study.

Our study uses a small area estimation method to estimate the average and inequality of per capita kWh consumption for small areas in Vietnam. It shows evidence of a large spatial heterogeneity in the electric power consumption between districts and provinces in Vietnam. Households in the mountains and highlands consumed remarkably less electricity than those in the delta and coastal areas. Notably, we find a U-shaped relationship between the inequality of electricity consumption and economic levels in Vietnam. In poor districts and provinces, there is very high inequality in electricity consumption. Inequality is lower in middle-income districts and provinces.

Ecological footprint, electricity consumption, and economic growth in China: geopolitical risk and natural resources governance

This paper examines the relationship among ecological footprint (EF), electricity consumption, and GDP in China using annual data ranging from 1960 to 2019. However, factors like trade openness, urbanization, and life expectancy might increase EF as ecological distortions are mainly human-induced. This study explores the effect of these variables on the environment, which is captured by EF. Quantile Regression estimates indicate that electricity consumption and real GDP increase environmental degradation, while trade and urbanization reduce EF, allowing for a higher environmental quality. On the other hand, the spectral Granger-causality tests reveal that only urbanization and life expectancy affect environmental degradation over the whole frequency domain. In the current geopolitical scenario, relevant policy implications may be derived.

АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ ЗОВНІШНЬОЇ СЕРЕДИ НА РОБОТУ ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ СТАНЦІЙ

This work is devoted to the study of the mechanism of increasing the efficiency of solar photovoltaic generation by integrating the compressed air system. The main aspects of this mechanism, its advantages and influence on the improvement of the process of converting solar energy into electrical energy are considered. The relevance of this topic is due to the constant growth of electricity consumption and the need to create efficient and sustainable solar power plants. Solar photovoltaic generation is already a promising source of renewable energy today, but it has certain limitations, in particular, related to the increase in temperature of solar panels and uneven distribution of solar radiation. This paper examines the integration of a compressed air system with solar panels to increase the efficiency of solar PV generation. The use of compressed air allows you to lower the operating temperature of the panels, which leads to an increase in the efficiency of solar energy conversion. In addition, it helps to unify the lighting of the panels and improves the performance of all photovoltaic modules. An important aspect of the work is the analysis of the influence of the integrated compressed air system on the energy characteristics of solar panels. The study includes modeling and experimental determination of changes in efficiency, energy output, and stability of solar panels when using a compressed air system. The obtained results allow us to draw conclusions about the efficiency and practical implementation of an integrated system of compressed air for solar photovoltaic generation. The identified advantages of this approach make it possible to recommend it for use in modern solar power plants in order to increase efficiency and ensure stable operation.

A Comparative Analysis of the Electricity Load Profiles of Some European and Asian Countries. Part 1. Annual Profiles

Nowadays, new technologies are intensely introduced in the electric power industry. Thus, at the level of electrical distribution networks, these are distributed generation based on renewable energy sources, electricity storage devices, electric vehicles, etc. Developed countries have adopted a policy toward reducing the mankind’s carbon footprint, also by optimizing the power consumption. In developing countries, a significant growth of electricity consumption and electrification of the population is seen. To select adequate solutions, it is necessary to know the description of power consumption processes in the form of electricity load profiles. The article presents an overview of statistical data on the dynamics of annual electricity consumption in the power systems of various countries, the results of monitoring the annual electricity consumption by individual households in Western Europe and articles in periodicals. The annual electricity load profiles in Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Saudi Arabia, Russian Federation, United Kingdom, Sweden, Germany, and Portugal are given. For each of the electricity load profiles, the primary source of information is specified. In the second part of the article, daily electricity load profiles will be addressed. In the annual context, the electricity consumption dynamics is primarily governed by the climatic zone, the changes of seasons, and by the extent to which the households and office buildings locating in the tropical and subtropical climate are provided with air conditioners. In Southeast Asia countries, the annual maximum of electricity load is observed in May. In Central Asia countries and in the most of European countries, the annual maximum electricity load falls on December - January, and the minimum - on the summer months. In the Middle East countries located in the tropical zone, the annual maximum electricity load falls on the summer period; in Southern Europe and Middle East countries belonging to the subtropical zone, the annual maximum load falls on December-January, but in the summer period, a growth of electricity consumption compared with the autumn-spring period is observed. The results of the review and the selected primary sources can be useful as source information on the electricity consumption processes for various studies in the electric power industry field.

Methodological Principles of Planning the Development of Mongolia’s Electric Power System

The article addresses matters concerned with the methodological features of planning the development of the electric power system (EPS) of Mongolia, the concepts laid down in the documents defining the development of Mongolia’s energy sector, and some results of studies on working out the country’s EPS development model. The EPS management and planning problems, which follow from the need to improve the energy security indicators and matching it with the growth of domestic electricity consumption and the features of the external market, have been defined, and possible options for a unified electric power system have been proposed based on the systems analysis method in comparison with the mathematical modeling method.