Elective Subject Research Articles

2022 개정 교육과정 및 고교학점제 도입에 따른 선택과목으로서 미용교과 수요자 요구조사 및 구조화

Objectives The purpose of this survey is to examine the demand of general high school students for beauty subjects, which are elective subjects following the introduction of the high school credit system, and to seek operation plans. Methods From May to June 2022, 418 general high school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon were surveyed on pre-understanding of the high school credit systems, preferred institutions, curriculum types, evaluation methods, and subjects. Results The perception of the high school credit system was similar regardless of region. The preferred institutions were in the order of college, specialized high school, industry, general high school, and online classes. While the types of preferred curriculum were in the order of career subjects, convergence education, and major subjects, the group that chose “hope” preferred major subjects, and the group that chose “worry” preferred career subjects. It was found that absolute evaluation and performance evaluation were preferred, and paper-written evaluation was avoided. It was found that students were lack of awareness in supplementary program, but they hoped the program to be operated. Their preferred subjects were found to be interest-oriented classes such as hair coloring, basic beauty, basic makeup, and facial care classes. Conclusions It is necessary to make students recognize the purpose of the operation of the high school credit system and to prepare a learning environment in which practical conditions are established. It is suggested that classes should be classified by level based on students’ needs. Beauty subjects should be offered, considering whether they can induce students’ various learning experiences, career exploration and interest. Specific policies should be established for smooth curriculum management. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the beauty curriculum will be activated as elective subjects, and the necessity of follow-up research on specific operation plans is suggested.

Perception on Road Safety Education (RSE) among Local University Students in Malaysia: A Preliminary Study

In Malaysia, accident rates involving pupils and youngsters are still considered high after 12 years of RSE implementation in primary schools and 7 years in secondary schools. In 2018, 7.5% of fatality rates involved people aged between 6 and 15 years old, while 29.8% were aged between 16 and 25. Nowadays, RSE in Malaysia has been formally implemented in primary and secondary schools for students aged 7 to 15. However, RSE in Malaysia has not been implemented at the university level. Therefore, this study aims to determine university students' perception of RSE. This study found that most students agreed that RSE needs to be taught at the university. Most of them also agree that RSE at university should be taught as an elective subject (68.2%). Only 28.8% agree that RSE should be taught as a mandatory subject.

The Confucian Ethics Curriculum in Singapore

Abstract In Singapore, the Confucian Ethics Curriculum was introduced between 1984 and 1992 as an elective subject of the moral education curriculum for secondary three and four students. The Singapore government put the Curriculum Development Institute of Singapore (“the Curriculum Development Institute of Singapore”, hereinafter referred to as “CDIS”) under the Ministry of Education in charge of developing a set of textbooks called Confucian Ethics and training teachers to teach them in schools. The textbooks were used in all secondary schools nationwide to fulfill the objective of teaching Confucianism. The attempt of systematic introduction of Confucianism to students as young as 15 or 16 years old through a formal curriculum in the public education system by the state is probably rare even in current Chinese societies, not to mention that the project was implemented nearly 40 years ago. The introduction of this curriculum in Singapore is of some significance for the preservation and promotion of Confucianism. This paper examines the Chinese textbooks of the curriculum in terms of background, objectives, systems, content, characteristics, and inspiration for future generations.

Comparing the difficulty level of studying Japanese and Indo-European languages for undergraduate students with reasonable adjustments?

A growing number of undergraduate students who choose to study the Japanese language as an elective subject in British universities have disabilities. This study aims to research the demographic profiles, academic performance, and types of Reasonable Adjustments (RA) needed among undergraduate students with mental health disabilities taking Japanese language courses. Nineteen undergraduate students in need of RA who studied Japanese Ab Initio to Japanese Advanced through Institution-wide Language Provision (IWLP) at a British university in South East England from 2017/18 to 2019/20 participated. Participants included foundation-year and first-year undergraduate students. According to the results of this study, almost one-fourth of the participating students either did not complete the course or did not pass it, implying that studying Japanese may present challenges for some students who need RAs. This study differs in its focus on the study of Japanese in the context of a British university. Keywords: Japanese language; Institution Wide Language Program (IWLP); language learning; reasonable adjustment.

The First Implementation of Music at High Schools in Vietnam

After several educational reforms, in the 2018 general education program, music has officially implemented in high school level as an elective subject with the content and requirements to be consistent with other grades. This process goes through several periods such as compilation and assessment of new textbooks; training teachers to implement the program to meet the differentiation and career orientation of students.

БЛОКОВОТО ПРОГРАМИРАНЕ И ОБУЧЕНИЕТО ПО ИНФОРМАЦИОННИ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ГИМНАЗИАЛНА СТЕПЕН

For several years now, the education in informatics and programming in high school has been realized only as a profiled or elective subject. On the other hand, information technologies are studied in all forms and participate as a profiling subject in many professions and specialized classes. The problem related to the construction of digital competencies in coding is already successfully solved with the introduction of computer modelling from 3rd grade as a compulsory subject. However, most of today’s high school students have deficits in these competencies. The article considers an approach for application of block programming in elective modules in the profiled training in IT in the second-high school degree. Solving specific practical tasks through coding increases the activity and motivation of students and allows them to build the key competencies necessary for their successful professional realization in the digital age.

Reflections on the Evolution of Computer Science Education

Computer Science education has been evolving over the years to reflect applied realities. Until about a decade ago, theory of computation, algorithm design and system software dominated the curricula. Most courses were considered core and were hence mandatory; the programme structure did not allow much of a choice or variety. This column analyses why this changed Circa 2010 when elective subjects across scores of topics become part of mainstream education to reflect the on-going lateral acceleration of Computer Science.

학생의 과목선택권 확대 속 역사 선택과목에 대한 학생 인식조사 및 교육과정 개발 방향 - 고교학점제 선도학교 D고등학교의 사례를 중심으로 -

In the context of rapidly changing educational environment, the Department of History is facing various difficulties. One is that students do not choose history subjects, and the other is that history departments are at a disadvantage in the curriculum organization.BR To solve the former problem, we will need to know why students don’t choose history subjects. Therefore, a survey was conducted to find out the students’ perception of the history elective subject. The subjects of the survey were 349 students in the first and second grades of D High School, a leading high school credit system. After preparing a questionnaire through a preliminary survey, the main questionnaire was conducted, and the questionnaire was divided into groups according to the learning conditions of the students.BR As a result, first, the biggest reason that students do not choose history subjects is because they perceive history subjects as too many and difficult. Second, as the number of students taking history subjects decreased due to this perception, it became disadvantageous for their grades, creating a vicious cycle in which more students did not choose history subjects. Third, although few students chose history, they thought that more students wanted to learn history and should learn it. It was confirmed that it was necessary to improve the problems while maintaining the charm of the history subject itself.BR In order to overcome the difficulties faced by the history department, the following elective subjects should be developed. First, it is necessary to deal with the contents derived from the basic contents while maintaining the original nature of the subject. Second, it should be composed of content that students want to learn and the teacher’s expertise can be demonstrated, rather than guiding students’ choices with easy and concise content.

고교학점제의 특수교육대상자 적용에 따른 중등 특수교사의 인식과 요구

This study was to examine the perception and needs of special secondary education teachers for high school credit system, and to consider the desirable direction and settlement plan for the implementation of the high school credit system with in the field of integrated education. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 97 special education teachers that are working in special classes in both middle and high schools. The results of this study are as follows. First, the level of understanding of the high school credit system was high; however, the degree of perception was negative. Second, special education teachers recognized that it was necessary to both organize and operate a curriculum for students with special needs as well as establish a separate elective subject. Third, there were many opinions stating that it is desirable to evaluate the criteria for completing the subject on attendance days for students with special needs. Fourth, for the stable implementation of the high school credit system for students, it was recognized that the responsibility of all school members was important for reducing the burden on special education teachers. Finally, it was noted that necessary for special education teachers' ability to understand and reorganize the curriculum was necessary to implement the high school credit system. Based on the results of this study, the direction of the high school credit system’s stable implementation for students with special needs with in the integrated education field was discussed.

WHY DO THEMES MATTER? THE TEACHERS’ VOICES ABOUT THEMATIC UNITS FOR TEACHING ENGLISH TO YOUNG LEARNERS

Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) in Indonesia has been an intriguing field that there never been ending studies about it. As a locally-tailored school subject that can be local content or elective subject without curriculum guideline, English for Young Learners (EYL) program is carried out in various ways by the primary schools in Indonesia. This present study aims to discover the essential role of implementing thematic model in TEYL. This paper discusses a phenomenological investigation of five EYL teachers who employ thematic units for teaching the pupils in different cities of Indonesia. Graduated from English education department, all participants have been teaching young learners English more than five years and planning their teaching based on their students’ needs by utilizing themes. Using semi-structured interview questions, the teachers were guided to explain their experience in valuing the themes for teaching English thematically, how to incorporating themes into TEYL, and challenges in implementing EYL thematic units. The data were analyzed thematically to get the emerging themes which correspond to this research topic. The results revealed that teaching English thematically is critical for young learners as their English learning scaffolding to achieve language skills and ability to communicate in particular discourse. All participants agreed that their students enjoyed the EYL thematic activities for gaining new knowledge using English despites challenges faced by the teachers in preparing the lessons.

The impact of physics practical on the teaching and learning methodology of senior secondary schools in Sierra Leone

This study is a comprehensive research on the Impact of Physics Practical’s on the Teaching and Learning Methodology of Senior Secondary Schools Selected in Sierra Leone. Physics subject is an elective subject where students in the science stream pursue the subject during their upper secondary school. This is despite the fundamental role Physics as a science subject plays in the contribution of innovations and developments teachers tend to avoid the practical work in the laboratory which they consider waste of time and they do not understand the importance of laboratory experiments. Specifically, the study was set to achieve six objectives namely; To find out the Demographic Characteristic of respondents, To identify the knowledge of teachers and students on physics practical, To examine the attitudes of student and teachers towards physics Practicals, To examine the engagement of teachers and students in physics Practicals, To determine the effectiveness of teaching physics and To identify the factors affecting the teaching and learning of physics Practical. The research was carried out by six selected senior Secondary Schools in Bo City. The design of the research will adopt a descriptive survey. The population of the study consists of 676 pupils and twelve (12) teachers in the senior secondary school that offer and teacher teaching physics respectively. Out of which 169 students and all the twelve teachers were selected through a simple random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires .the a questionnaire comprises of six sections. Each of the section dealt with one objective. The analysis of the data collected was done using SPSS version 25 and Excel. From the result of the research many problems were unfolded. These problems that were unfolded are: the teachers and student are not effective engage in Practicals and there are factors affecting students and teacher in the effective teaching and learning of physics practical The recommendations made will mitigate the problem.

Current Status of General Education Related to Dance and Physical Education at Korean Universities

This study aims to analyze general education subjects to improve the common core competencies required of college students through general education in the fields of dance and physical education. To this end, the current status of general education related to dance and physical education in 15 four-year colleges with dance departments among universities in Seoul was examined using the objective sampling method. First, the information disclosed on each university’s website was mainly investigated, then supplementary data were obtained from the person in charge of the general education department of each university. As a result of the analysis, the general education courses offered at 15 universities can be broadly divided into the following three categories: First, common compulsory subjects that all students must complete; second, core and central subjects that are characteristic courses to be completed by all students and that contain the values pursued by each university; and third, general subjects that can be freely selected and completed. Most of the dance and physical education subjects are offered as elective subjects, rather than compulsory or core subjects. In addition, many universities that have dance departments do not offer any general education subjects related to dance at all. Overall, general education related to dance and physical education was biased toward theory classes or operated mainly on simple practice.

Comparative analysis of classification algorithm evaluations to predict secondary school students’ achievement in core and elective subjects

Comparative analysis of classification algorithm evaluations to predict secondary school students’ achievement in core and elective subjects

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLT PROFESSIONAL TRAINING COURSES CONTENT AT UNIVERSITIES IN THE NETHERLANDS AND UKRAINE

The article deals with the FLT (foreign language teacher) training program content in the curricula and educational programs. In our study, we aimed to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the FLT training content taken two universities from Ukraine and the Netherlands. The current curricula of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University and Utrecht University of Applied Sciences were taken for research. The methods of comparison, analysis, generalization and systematization were used to achieve the objectives of the study. The literature review showed the scientific interest in the issue. The lists of subjects in both universities were analysed and summarised that in Ukrainian university curricula there are more subjects of the general and humanitarian cycle, while in the Netherlands’ one they are more specific.In Ukraine, students who have chosen a speciality already have a defined list of major subjects, but also get additional opportunities to study elective ones. In other words, there are no significant differences in the principle of mastering the disciplines, although the list of elective subjects in the Netherlands varies more than in Ukrainian universities. As the results of this study, we defined the advantages and disadvantages of the FLT training program content. In the Netherlands, they are wide academic freedom; academic flexibility in the subject choice; the opportunity to master several specialities; focusing on the study of professional subjects. Ukrainian universities have the following advantages a wide range of subjects; opportunities for parallel learning in related fields; opportunities for choosing optional subjects; effective methodological training (but not in all universities).
 Keywords: FLT professional training; the content of pedagogical education; curriculum; professional training cycles; educational program; European educational standards; academic disciplines; higher education applicants.

Design of learner-centered literature and pop culture class using multimedia technology during the pandemic, crisis of public health

This study analyzes the effective classes of literature and popular culture, which are one of the liberal arts elective subjects in S University. This course is aimed at students from 1st to 4th graders of different majors, and the learning goal was not just to appreciate literary works, but to improve their ability to understand them in an easy and fun way, and to apply them to real life. This study examines how the literature class, the source of popular culture in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, can motivate students to learn and produce learning effects by using multimedia rather than the existing traditional method. In this study, the instructional procedure of a class that attracted a lot of students' attention among the classes that took place during the semester was presented as an example. In detail, the researcher conducted a pre-class survey and, through the results, grasped the level of background knowledge of the students and the characteristics of the learner, and proceeded with the class. After taking the questionnaire, eight items were surveyed, and only six items among them were analyzed.

Inclusive Education Implementation: the Experience of the Faculty of Primary Education

Considering the current reality, there are new requirements for the organization of the educational process in higher education institutions of Ukraine. Thus, the problems and ways of the implementation of inclusive education for students with special educational needs are becoming increasingly important.
 The purpose of the study is to substantiate theoretically the problems and ways of implementing inclusive education in Ukraine based on the experience of the Faculty of Primary Education of H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University.
 Methodology. A retrospective analysis of the development of inclusive higher education in Ukraine has been used; it has been found that it is necessary to organize an inclusive environment and implement training for students with special educational needs in higher education institutions. The study was based on the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of July 10, 2019 № 635 “On approval of the Procedure for the organization of inclusive education in higher education institutions”, educational programs on 013 Primary Education, and scientific and pedagogical works on conceptual approaches to the implementation of inclusive education; organization of training of persons with special educational needs; principles and functions of inclusive education, which indicated the need for inclusive education in higher education institutions.
 Results. The essence of the concept "inclusive education" has been defined. Problems of higher education of people with special needs have been described. The system of education of students with special needs has been determined. It is noted that art HUB for students and university teachers with special educational needs in H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University has been opened. It has been determined that there are elective subjects “Fundamentals of inclusive education” (for the 3rd year students) and “Features of working with an inclusive child” (for the 4th year students) in the educational program “Primary Education” at the Faculty of Primary Education of H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. The educational program "Primary education with methods of special education" for applicants for the first (bachelor's) level of higher education has been described. The examples of students’ working with an inclusive child are described.
 Conclusions. The process of successful integration of people with special needs in a higher education institution requires a systematic solution of many tasks. Creating an environment accessible to people with special needs is becoming an unconditional requirement for the development of higher education institutions and significantly affects the competitiveness of a modern IHE.

Introduction of Hands-On Session Using Kolb Experiential Learning Theory Approach in Teaching Chemical Instrumentation Subject

Chromatography is a high-technology instrument that is widely used in the various in the various industry for decades. Hence, Science Bachelor Graduates’ that possesses ability to handle instrumentation are useful for their job nature. Learning approach that depends highly on lecture mode only enhance students’ knowledge on chromatographic techniques, but they might not possess skills on instruments handling. Therefore, the learning approach of Chemical Instrumentation Method (KKKR5833) subject using a Kolb Experiental Learning Theory are running by hybrid mode of lecture and handson teaching approach on chromatography. A total of 16 registered students were the respondent of this study. These students had been given lecture on the theoretical part of chromatography and later on, in agreement with the experiential learning theories, student will experience hands-on learning activity in HPLC laboratory session. Finally, a full report after completing the hands-on session for their overall experience in laboratory. Majority of the students that took this elective subject agreed that hands-on experience of using chromatography increases their knowledge on it and mastering the preparation of sample skill is very useful while 50% of the students put more effort in this subject and manage to score excellently. Moreover, majority graduate student express agreement that basic knowledge and skills on chromatographic is important before working and indicated that students with knowledge and skills on chromatographic instrumentation have higher chance of employment. This statement also agreed by respondent from industries. This prove that hands-on teaching and learning approach in laboratory using chromatography instrument able to enhance knowledge and student skills.

Gender Equality in Employment among Health Care Undergraduate Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to predict the important variables associated with health care undergraduate students’ opinion of gender equality (GE) in employment. Design: This study adopted a cross-sectional design with multistage sampling and adhered to STROBE guidelines. Setting: From one of the universities of health care in northern Taiwan. Participants: We recruited 2855 health care students and the questionnaire response rate was 78.3%. Results: Female students in this study have a better concept of GE in employment. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the subjects’ gendered concept of family and GE in employment. From the results of multiple linear regressions, the important and significant variables were female, sophomore students, students who were in the division of continuing college self-attitude toward gender roles, attitude toward parental expectations of gender roles, those could explain 45.3% of the variation in GE in employment. Conclusion: Students exposed to the active cultivation of GE in health education largely benefit future professional development. Establishing a GE concept on campus will help students develop their profession in the future. Encourage the school to offer at least one “gender-related” elective subject per semester, especially in the on-the-job training programs to satisfy the needs of GE education.

Piloting an Innovative Concept of e-Mental Health and mHealth Workshops With Medical Students Using a Participatory Co-design Approach and App Prototyping: Case Study.

BackgroundMedical students show low levels of e–mental health literacy. Moreover, there is a high prevalence of common mental illnesses among medical students. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can be used to maintain and promote medical students’ well-being. To date, the potential of mHealth apps for promoting mental health among medical students is largely untapped because they seem to lack familiarity with mHealth. In addition, little is known about medical students’ preferences regarding mHealth apps for mental health promotion. There is a need for guidance on how to promote competence-based learning on mHealth apps in medical education.ObjectiveThe aim of this case study is to pilot an innovative concept for an educative workshop following a participatory co-design approach and to explore medical students’ preferences and ideas for mHealth apps through the design of a hypothetical prototype.MethodsWe conducted a face-to-face co-design workshop within an elective subject with 26 participants enrolled at a medical school in Germany on 5 consecutive days in early March 2020. The aim of the workshop was to apply the knowledge acquired from the lessons on e–mental health and mHealth app development. Activities during the workshop included group work, plenary discussions, storyboarding, developing personas (prototypical users), and designing prototypes of mHealth apps. The workshop was documented in written and digitalized form with the students’ permission.ResultsThe participants’ feedback suggests that the co-design workshop was well-received. The medical students presented a variety of ideas for the design of mHealth apps. Among the common themes that all groups highlighted in their prototypes were personalization, data security, and the importance of scientific evaluation.ConclusionsOverall, this case study indicates the feasibility and acceptance of a participatory design workshop for medical students. The students made suggestions for improvements at future workshops (eg, use of free prototype software, shift to e-learning, and more time for group work). Our results can be (and have already been) used as a starting point for future co-design workshops to promote competence-based collaborative learning on digital health topics in medical education.

Elective Subjects through Faculty Collaboration

Elective Subjects through Faculty Collaboration