Egyptian Revolution Research Articles

Communicative Capitalism and Neo-Feudalism: An Interview with Jodi Dean

Communicative Capitalism and Neo-Feudalism: An Interview with Jodi Dean

The Food Crisis in Egypt and the Decline and Fall of Germanicus

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to provide an evidence-based and fully examined unique and original account of the decline and fall of Germanicus, and the role the food crisis of Egypt in the early years of the principate of Tiberius played in that decline and fall.
 Methodology: No doubt, that decline and fall may have arguably saved the Roman Empire from civil was between Tiberius and Germanicus in time, but this article finds that Germanicus’ swift intervention in Egypt saved Egypt, and perhaps parts of the empire, from potential acute food shortage and even famine and starvation. In terms of methodology, these issues are explored throughout this article, as are the relationship between Tiberius the Roman Senate, and the aftermath of the AD17 earthquake in the Roman province of Asia, and their relating influences over decline and fall of Germanicus, as well.
 Findings: Still, this article finds that Germanicus’ swift salvation of Egypt from famine and starvation rivalled Tiberius’ rebuilding of the province of Asia after AD17 too closely, earning the emperor’s rebuff and rebuttals, leading to the young Prince’s fall from imperial favour, and hence, his premature death.

Urban dialogues

The aim of this paper is to explore political street art images as sequences in a dialogue that feeds from, and extends to, wider political discourse. The paper argues for the centrality and predominance of the visual in the way everyday political discourse is negotiated and in the process through which space is produced in the city. The images are conceptualized through sociocultural psychology as intervention tools that are used by different social actors in response to different political dialogues in public discourse. A longitudinal methodology is used to follow the transformative social lives of those images as they borrow from, and respond to, one another. A longitudinal series of images will be presented from one wall in the area of Tahrir Square during and after the Egyptian revolution of 2011, images which were made by different social groups in response to political and social changes, and which thus demonstrate contested political dialogue in the form of inscribing and re-inscribing the recent history of the revolution.

We are history: historical affect, memory and militancy among revolutionary youth in postwar Iran

ABSTRACT ‘We are history’ is a declaration that traverses identity labels, generational memories and nation building through history. I demonstrate that announcing we are history is a political-mystical practice, and living with evocative historical affect permeated from the reminiscent of past violence. It allows social actors to indulge in a type of transcendence, which expands them into a cosmological scale that exceeds social imaginaries and banalities of everyday life. I borrow from Iranian revolutionary youth’s experiences and my ethnographic journeys among Iranian volunteer combatants who fought in Iraq and Syria to illustrate how history is localized in settings which socialization occurs in postwar societies. By way of anthropology of history or doing history in anthropology, I explain how the claim we are history is an attempt to become a community of individuals via history and how social actors turn history into a world-making practice that informs political participation and justifies for them to support authoritarian traits of a state.

Disintegration of the family in Cairo House 2000 by Samia Serageldin “A sociological literary study”

The study of literature and art is not a sociological one, as some might think. Both are a phenomenon of human social phenomena whose existence and development are linked to the development of culture. This is a human innovation that reveals in its content and form the extent to which human groups understand and understand the universe, the world, and the surrounding environment. The novel of Cairo House by Samia Serageldin, published in English, is a novel that is woven from different braids, from autobiography to the diaspora literature to the existential philosophical narrative, to historical literature and sociological literature. All these factors make it an ideal example of post-colonial literature. It all overlaps to create a harmonious, beautiful braid whose locks do not Alienate, but embrace warm intimacy despite the cruelty of life towards the heroine of the novel Gigi. Samia Sirajuddin, an Egyptian-American, writes an imaginary autobiography unfolding, in vibrant details and fertile fiction, the eras that once were before July Revolution in Egypt 1952. She transfers her readers across a stunning journey through cultures within cultures. The Cairo House is more than just a novel about Cairo though. It is a preface to the changing periods and the stylishness that once was in a pre-Nasserite Egypt دراسة الأدب والفن ليست دراسة اجتماعية، کما قد يعتقد البعض. بل کلا هاتين الظاهرتين ظاهرة اجتماعية بشرية يرتبط وجودها وتنميتها بتنمية الثقافة. وهذا ابتکار بشري يکشف في محتواه ويشکل مدى فهم الجماعات البشرية للکون والعالم والبيئة المحيطة. رواية بيت العائلة لسامية سراج الدين، الذي نشر باللغة الإنجليزية، هو رواية منسوجة من أجزاء مختلفة، من السيرة الذاتية إلى أدب الشتات إلى السرد الفلسفي الوجودي، إلى الأدب التاريخي والأدب الاجتماعي. کل ذلک يتداخل لخلق شجاعة متناغمة وجميلة لا تغرب أقفالها، بل تعتنق الحميمة الدافئة على الرغم من قسوة الحياة تجاه بطلة الرواية جيجي والتي عانت من التفکک الاجتماعي والأسري بعد ثورة يناير 1952 في مصر. وسامية سراج الدين، مصرية أمريکية، تکتب سيرة ذاتية خيالية، في تفاصيل حيوية وخيال خصب، بترکيز على الحياة في مصر قبل ثورة يوليو وبعدها. تنقل لقرائها عبر رحلة مذهلة عبر الثقافات داخل الثقافات. بيت العائلة أکثر من مجرد رواية عن القاهرة. إنها مقدمة للفترات المتغيرة وأسلوب للحياة الذي کان ذات يوم في مصر ما قبل الناصرية.

EFFECT OF COVERING IRRIGATION CHANNELS ON TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS AND TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS

The increase in the evaporation rate is one of the crucial effects of climate change. Water losses due to evaporation are considered as an important challenge that faces the agriculture sector considering the recent water crisis in Egypt. So, covering irrigation canals with the aim to decrease evaporation could be a good solution for this problem, especially if the coverage is expected to be used for power production by covering these canals with solar panels. However, the main concern is the effect of the covering on the quality of water. So, this research study investigates the effect of irrigation canals’ covering on rates of evaporation and some water quality variables specifically total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS). The results of the study showed that covering irrigation canals will have a significant effect on water quality parameters. It is found that the studied water quality parameters; TSS and TDS both are decreasing from 56.39 to 56.35 mg/l and from 160.15 to 160.00 mg/l, respectively by increasing the percentage coverage of the canal from 0% to 100%.

The Egyptian revolution of January 25, 2011 as an anti-systemic movement

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the Egyptian revolution as an anti-systemic movement. It illustrates how Egypt’s position in the world-economy has affected its political economy orientation and led to the marginalization of critical masses, who launched the revolution. Design/methodology/approach The paper follows Wallerstein’s world-system analysis focusing on the anti-systemic movement concept. The paper analyzes the Egyptian case based on Annales school’s longue durée concept, which is a perspective to study developments of social relations historically. Findings The Egyptian revolution was not only against the autocratic regime but also against the power structure resulting from the neoliberal economic policies, introduced as a response to the capitalism crisis. It represented the voice of the forgotten. The revolution was one of the anti-systemic movements resisting the manifestations of the capitalist world-economy. Originality/value This paper aims at proving that the Egyptian revolution was an anti-systemic movement; which will continue to spread as a rejection to the world-system and to aspire a more democratic and egalitarian world. The current COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating the crisis of the world-system.

Archival critique and activism: memory, preservation, and digital visual cultures in post-revolutionary Egyptian heterotopias

Many might argue that the prospects of a progressive politics and democratic governance that the 2011 Egyptian revolution sought to realize have completely vanished. Those revolutionary aspirations for social change, political justice, economic opportunity, or civic equality have disintegrated, for some, into disillusioned desperations. In turn, recent cultural discourse about Egypt’s post-revolutionary malaise has often been couched in terms of “dystopia.” However, this paper posits that Egyptian artists are testing the limits of their creative expression, experimenting to give rise to alternative heterotopias. Specifically, this paper examines how two contemporary artists, Lara Baladi and Ganzeer, wrestle with the archives and memories of the 2011 Egyptian revolution to visually, digitally theorize and reconstitute its political resonance, salience and urgency. Through digital and graphic media, Cairo-based and diasporic Egyptian artists alike continue to ruminate on the country’s present stagnation all while keeping a pulse on the potential for a future revolutionary resurgence.

Daughters of the Revolution: Negotiating Filial Piety in Post-2011 Egypt

Abstract Based on interviews conducted in 2018 and 2019 with young middle-class Muslim Egyptians, this article demonstrates how a political event such as the Egyptian revolution of 2011 can cause a shift in family relations and notions of filial piety, especially for young women. I argue that the revolution gave my female interlocutors the ability to question aspects of the social and religious structures in which they grew up, including parental authority. I analyze in-depth the cases of three women who were disappointed in their parents’ use of the religious moral mandate of obedience to and respect for parents (birr al-wālidayn) to discourage their daughters from participating in what the women believed was a just, moral cause. This moral dissonance did not push the young women to resist their familial obligations or subvert relational hierarchies, but they have negotiated the parameters of their subordination to their parents, including how to be dutiful daughters.

Three Unpublished Stone Monuments Returned Homeland

Publication of three characteristic inscribed stone objects that were returned back from Europe between years 2015 and 2016.The first stone piece represents a Late Period sandstone votive stela. The second object appears as a survived part of a wall came from a lost temple built in Mangabad at Asyut. It is displayed in Sohag regional museum. The third object represents an attractive double black statue that returned back from Belgium. The first and the third objects are currently exhibited in Kafr El Sheikh regional museum. After the Egyptian Revolution in 2011 these stone monuments were looted and smuggled out of Egypt to find a marketable market in Europe. Before five years ago the Egyptian authorities succeeded in retrieving these monuments from Europe. Thus, these three wonderful artefacts are just few of hundreds of antiquities stolen by multinational trafficking rings ( ). The double black statue was found with a Belgian dealer together with another one that was discovered in Memphis cemetery by a teamwork of the inspectorate of Memphis and then it was stolen from the local storerooms. However, all of these stone monuments were actually outcomes from illegal excavations. ثلاثة قطع اثرية حجرية غير منشورة عادت الى الوطن تتضمن الدراسة نشر ثلاثة قطع حجرية غير منشورة تمثل الاولى منها لوحة حجرية تم ضبطها بمطار شارل ديجول بباريس في مارس 2011 إثر محاولة تهريبها داخل فرنسا، وتعرض اللوحة اليوم في متحف کفر الشيخ. أما القطعة الثانية فهي عبارة عن لوحة جدارية من معبد لم يکتشف يؤرخ بعصر الدولة الحديثة وبالتحديد عهد الملک سيتي الاول وقد تم استعادتها من لندن عام 2015 وهي تصور الملک سيتي الاول بصحبة المعبود وبواووت وحتحور سيدة منقباد في اسيوط، ويشير النص المصاحب للمنظر الى مدينة منقباد في محافظة اسيوط في مما يشير الى وجود معبد مفقود هناک شيده الملک سيتي الأول ولم يتم العثور عليه حتى الان، وتعرض القطعة اليوم في متحف سوهاج. والقطة الثالثة عباره عن تمثال حجري مزدوج لعله يمثل أحد الکهنة وزوجته وقد تم استرداده من بلجيکا عام 2016 ويعرض التمثال منذ عام 2020 في متحف کفر الشيخ.

Aquifer hydraulic parameters estimation based on hydrogeophysical methods in West Nile Delta, Egypt

Water scarcity is becoming a major constraint not only to the reclamation and cultivation of new areas, but also to the irrigation of already reclaimed areas, which could lead to global desertification. Groundwater exploration is one of the solutions to overcome the water resource shortage crisis in Egypt, especially after the building of the Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and its effects with unfavorable consequences for the water supply. The West Nile Delta region (WND) has been chosen by the Egyptian government in the past 30 years to develop several agricultural programs that rely mainly on groundwater for different aquifers. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) is the main method for determining the depths to groundwater, aquifer thicknesses, salinity and possibly hydrophysical parameters (transverse resistance and average transverse resistivity). The hydraulic parameters of aquifer and their important role in estimating the safe yields from production wells are essential for agriculture water management. To estimate of main aquifer parameters using geoelectric measurements, which are of great importance in selecting the suitable wells locations and in maintaining the sustainable management of groundwater, hydrogeological data are collected for 32 drilled wells and the Schlumberger array was used to implement 22 VES at specific sites in the study area. Some VES are performed alongside the already drilled wells that have lithology and pumping test data and others are carried out in well-free places especially in the northern and southern parts. Using the partial-curve matching technique, 22 VES data are interpreted to obtain the different geoelectric parameters (e.g., transverse resistance and average transverse resistivity). The constructed relationships between transmissivity—transverse resistance, hydraulic conductivity—average transverse resistivity, and salinity—average transverse resistivity showed well correlation between these parameters, where R2 equal 0.86, 0.7 and 0.8, respectively. Based on these relationships and the data of 22 VES, the predicted values of transmissivity range between 396.4 and 8830.7 m2/day, hydraulic conductivity range from 107.6 to 7.6 m/day and the TDS vary from 413.2 to 1991.6 mg/l. These results showed that VES is a useful method for exploring the groundwater aquifer and predicting its hydraulic parameters (for example, transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity) and salinity, which can be used as a primary data for drilling groundwater wells and further agricultural irrigation in the West Nile Delta, Egypt.

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Investing Risk and Return Analysis of Egyptian Sustainable Equity Index

The present paper aims to compare risk and return characteristics of ESG index with those of conventional benchmark market index: EGX30 for a period from June 2007 to September 2020. We apply GARCH models not only to examine the volatility features of each index but also to investigate effect of exogenous shocks to stock market including global financial crisis in 2008 (GFC), political uncertainty after Egyptian revolution in 2011 (ER2011) and most recently potential effects of covid-19 pandemic. The results reveal that the daily compounded returns of the ESG Index are not statistically different from those of the EGX30 index, however, annualized returns of the ESG Index have been better than the returns of the EGX30 index. Interestingly, the annualized returns of ESG index outperform those of EGX30 index during the exogenous shock periods. Conversely, the ESG returns tend to underperform EGX30 returns during normal time periods, except the pre-Egyptian revolution period. We find that volatility of ESG index returns is more persistent than that of benchmark index, but the returns of benchmark index has larger leverage effect than those of ESG index. The findings have three important practical implications. Firstly, portfolio managers could follow ESG investing to diversify their portfolios and maximize returns. Secondly, firms listed in Egyptian exchange should adopt more environmental, social, governance issues in their policies to maximize firm value. Thirdly, asset pricing models could be extended to include ESG premium factor in explaining cross-sectional returns in the Egyptian exchange.

Popular Culture, Gender, and Revolution in Egypt

Other| March 01 2021 Popular Culture, Gender, and Revolution in Egypt Nicola Pratt Nicola Pratt NICOLA PRATT is associate professor (reader) of the international politics of the Middle East, University of Warwick. Her research focuses on feminist and postcolonial approaches to international relations and politics of/in the Middle East, including war, violence, security, governance, activism, rights, and popular culture. Contact: n.c.pratt@warwick.ac.uk. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Middle East Women's Studies (2021) 17 (1): 137–146. https://doi.org/10.1215/15525864-8790347 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter Email Permissions Search Site Citation Nicola Pratt; Popular Culture, Gender, and Revolution in Egypt. Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 1 March 2021; 17 (1): 137–146. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/15525864-8790347 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsJournal of Middle East Women's Studies Search Advanced Search Popular culture, particularly its gendered dimensions, remains relatively understudied in the field of Middle East studies, including Middle East gender studies. Yet it provides a fruitful arena for understanding the construction and reproduction of dominant gender norms, as well as their contestation and subversion. This was especially apparent in the wake of the Arab uprisings, when different forms of creative expression—such as graffiti and independent music—flourished, and popular media openly addressed previously taboo issues, namely, the phenomenon of sexual violence. Ostensibly a field of entertainment, popular culture creates possibilities of reaching new audiences as more institutionalized feminist activism, such as lobbying for legal reforms, may struggle to do. The relationship between popular culture and gender norms and identities is one of the subjects addressed in Politics and Popular Culture in Egypt: Contested Narratives of the 25 January 2011... Copyright © 2021 by the Association for Middle East Women’s Studies2021 Issue Section: Third Space You do not currently have access to this content.

Capturing toleration on social networks sites using internet-mediated research: June 30th Egyptian revolution case study

Purpose This paper aims at understanding the dynamics underlying toleration as a complex social phenomenon and its pattern on Facebook during the June 30th revolution in Egypt. Thanks to the huge advances in ICT, internet-mediated research (IMR) has become one of the most prominent research methodologies in social sciences. Discussions on social network sites cannot be neglected in studying the dynamics complex and emerging social phenomena such as changes in public opinion, culture, attitudes and virtues. Design/methodology/approach To fulfill this aim, the researchers used web content analysis as a method inside IMR paradigm to analyze the discussions on Tamarrod’s Facebook page in the period from June 30th to July 5th and to examine the emerging overall pattern of toleration. Findings The results show indications that toleration is inherent in the Egyptian culture, and that the Egyptian society still keeps its reputation as a highly tolerant society, even in crises periods where tensions are witnessed everywhere. Moreover, the results also show that the web content analysis process proposed in this study is highly reliable and valid. Originality/value The importance of the study lies in introducing a computational and empirical approach to analyze web content in a semi-automated way and proving its validity and reliability to study social phenomena such as toleration.

Views: Did the Egyptian Revolution Fail?

Views: Did the Egyptian Revolution Fail?

Diaries of a Surveilled Citizen after a Failed Revolution in Egypt

Under a pseudonym in December 2011, I published an article titled “al-Jaysh wa-l-Iqtisad fi Barr Misr” (The Army and the Economy in Egypt) in Jadaliyya. I wrote it after months of participating in numerous protests in Cairo against the government of the Supreme Council of Armed Forces (SCAF), which took power upon President Hosni Mubarak's abdication in February 2011, and of searching fervidly for the political sources that had allowed the military to prevail over civilian forces. In addition to the tanks and fighter jets, I found some of these sources hidden in a gigantic business empire that the military had clandestinely developed for years. In early 2012 the editor of an online edition of a widely read Egyptian newspaper, a revolutionary female journalist who would later be arrested and detained, invited me to write a series of articles on this business empire, this time using my real name. The first work in decades to be published on this taboo topic, this became the foundation for my later book-length study. As a scholar, this was my humble contribution to an ongoing revolution.

The contribution of tourism revenues to economic development during the terrorism crisis

Tourism revenues have contributed to economic development in many countries, whether developed or developing, all over the world. It is one of the sources of foreign cash flows that contribute to increasing the Gross Domestic Product (Henceforth GDP). Tourism also contributes to providing employment opportunities as it is a labor-intensive industry. Egypt has many factors that attract tourists, especially cultural and natural tourism. However, its share in global tourism is still lower than its touristic position, especially during the terrorism crisis that Egypt has suffered from since 2011 and which contributed to the decline in tourism revenues from $ 11.6 billion to $ 3.8 billion during the period (2009-2010: 2014-2015). Because of the importance of tourism revenues, this study aims at identifying the extent to which it contributes to financing the services balance and analyzing its impact on both the services balance and the GDP during the study period (2001-2002: 2016-2017). The present study relied upon the descriptive and analytical methodology. The descriptive methodology describes the contribution of tourism revenues to economic development in light of the terrorism crisis in Egypt. It also identifies the development of the relationship between the tourism sector and terrorism. Regarding the analytical methodology, regression analysis is used to measure the impact of tourism revenues on Egypt's GDP. The descriptive approach was generally adopted with the help of statistical analysis tools to measure the statistical relationship of tourism revenues with the number of tourists, the services balance, and the GDP. The study showed a positive relationship between tourism revenues and GDP. Therefore, it recommends focusing on the development of the industrial and tourism sectors.

The Political Economy of Revolution: Karl Polanyi in Tahrir Square

The causes and consequences of revolutionary change have long been the subject of scholarly debate. Through a systematic integration of political economic elements into an analysis of contemporary social transformations, this article joins this conversation by asking how Karl Polanyi’s double movement framework can clarify, and be extended by, the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. By embedding a nuanced account of neoliberalism in Egypt’s modern politics and by bringing those in dialogue with Polanyi’s theoretical apparatus, this article contends that there is a broad alignment between the first movement and the Egyptian neoliberal experience, a partial alignment between the second movement and the Egyptian Revolution, and a multilayered entanglement that implicates and encircles both movements. Not only does this research demonstrate that contemporary Egyptian history can find new currency in and be further illuminated by Polanyi’s political economy, it also critiques, complicates, reconceptualizes and extends Polanyi’s theoretical framework. In so doing, it redresses the underfocus of Polanyian political economy on the theory of revolution in general and the Egyptian Revolution in particular, problematizes extant accounts on neoliberalism and the double movement, and extends analyses between neoliberalism and revolution in political economy literatures. By clarifying our understanding of contemporary social change, this essay underscores how Polanyi’s work remains a pertinent, viable and valuable prism to examine momentous social transformations.

1952 Revolution Leads to Family Disintegration in <i>Cairo House</i> 2000 by Samia Serageldin: “A Sociological Literary Study”

The study of literature and art is not a sociological one, as some might think. Both are a phenomenon of human social phenomena whose existence and development are linked to the development of culture. This is a human innovation that reveals in its content and form the extent to which human groups understand and understand the universe, the world, and the surrounding environment. The novel of <i>Cairo House</i> by Samia Serageldin, published in English, is a novel that is woven from different braids, from autobiography to the diaspora literature to the existential philosophical narrative, to historical literature and sociological literature. All these factors make it an ideal example of post-colonial literature. It all overlaps to create a harmonious, beautiful braid whose locks do not Alienate, but embrace warm intimacy despite the cruelty of life towards the heroine of the novel Gigi. Samia Sirajuddin, an Egyptian-American, writes an imaginary autobiography unfolding, in vibrant details and fertile fiction, the eras that once were before July Revolution in Egypt 1952. She transfers her readers across a stunning journey through cultures within cultures. The <i>Cairo House</i> is more than just a novel about Cairo though. It is a preface to the changing periods and the stylishness that once was in a pre-Nasserite Egypt.

“Everyone Had to be Part of This:” Social Media and Uprising Participation Decisions

Ten years after the Arab Spring there remains much that we do not understand about the role of social media in uprisings. An enthusiastic western news media was quick to label the 2009 Iranian uprising ‘The Twitter Revolution’ despite the marginal level of Twitter penetration in Iran at the time. The same news media in 2021 immediately attributed the US Capitol uprising to the proliferation of disinformation on social media, despite many additional complicated social factors. While scholars of different fields have attempted to explain the role of social media in uprisings since 2011, there is little more we understand about the role of social media in the January 2021 US Capitol uprising than the 2009 Green uprising in Iran. The objective of this project is to develop a framework for better understanding the relationship between social media and citizen decisions to participate in uprisings that persists through the many different examples we have seen since 2009. This study contributes to the literature by providing a game theoretic structure based on the strategic interdependence of individual behavior to better understand uprising activity in oppressive states and democracies. We explore the role of social media in uprisings by considering uprisings as a multi-player game, using Schelling’s (1978) critical mass game to model uprisings and consider the potential impact of social media on behavior. We then apply this model to the February 2011 revolution in Egypt and the 2009 Green Movement protests in Iran, testing it with data from in-depth interviews on participation decisions. If we understand uprisings as such a critical mass game, then we see that social media impacts behavior (and thus outcomes) if it can change either individuals’ underlying feelings and participation thresholds (i.e. the shape of the population’s participation curve), or their perception of the number of others who will join the uprising (i.e. the population’s position along the curve). We analyze data from interviews with Egyptians and Iranians about their decisions to join the protests or not to test the applicability of the critical mass model and to better understand the specific effects of social media use. We find in many ways individuals do make their participation decisions largely consistent with the critical mass model. The support for the role of social media in these decisions is less strong, but suggests it can impact participation by providing information regarding participation levels, assessing the benefits and costs of participating, and triggering emotions, sometimes changing opinions of the government.