Efficient Distribution Of Resources Research Articles

Exploring factors influencing time from dispatch to unit availability according to the transport decision in the pre-hospital setting: an exploratory study.

Efficient resource distribution is important. Despite extensive research on response timings within ambulance services, nuances of time from unit dispatch to becoming available still need to be explored. This study aimed to identify the determinants of the duration between ambulance dispatch and readiness to respond to the next case according to the patients' transport decisions. Time from ambulance dispatch to availability (TDA) analysis according to the patients' transport decision (Transport versus Non-Transport) was conducted using R-Studio™ for a data set of 93,712 emergency calls managed by a Middle Eastern ambulance service from January to May 2023. Log-transformed Hazard Ratios (HR) were examined across diverse parameters. A Cox regression model was utilised to determine the influence of variables on TDA. Kaplan-Meier curves discerned potential variances in the time elapsed for both cohorts based on demographics and clinical indicators. A competing risk analysis assessed the probabilities of distinct outcomes occurring. The median duration of elapsed TDA was 173min for the transported patients and 73min for those not transported. The HR unveiled Significant associations in various demographic variables. The Kaplan-Meier curves revealed variances in TDA across different nationalities and age categories. In the competing risk analysis, the 'Not Transported' group demonstrated a higher incidence of prolonged TDA than the 'Transported' group at specified time points. Exploring TDA offers a novel perspective on ambulance services' efficiency. Though promising, the findings necessitate further exploration across diverse settings, ensuring broader applicability. Future research should consider a comprehensive range of variables to fully harness the utility of this period as a metric for healthcare excellence.

Identifying daily water consumption patterns based on K-means Clustering, Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering, and Spectral Clustering algorithms

ABSTRACTUnderstanding daily water consumption patterns is crucial for efficient management and distribution of water resources, as well as for promoting energy conservation and achieving carbon peaking and neutrality targets. It compares performance of three clustering algorithms, K-means Clustering (KC), Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC), and Spectral Clustering (SC), using Silhouette Coefficient Index (SCI) and Calinski–Harabasz Index (CHI) as evaluation metrics. We conducted a case study using original hourly flow series of a water distribution division. It aims to identify typical daily water consumption patterns and explore factors that influence them. Findings are as follows: (1) among the three algorithms, KC demonstrates the best, with SCI of 0.6315, 0.5922, and 0.6272, and CHI of 305.9207, 274.1120, and 302.4738 for KC, AHC, and SC, respectively. (2) KC successfully identifies three distinct typical daily water consumption patterns. (3) Results indicate a significant impact of seasons on daily water consumption patterns. (4) Conversely, weekdays and holidays have minimal effect on daily water consumption patterns. It highlights the importance of comprehending daily water consumption patterns and underscores the effectiveness of KC in identifying such patterns. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significant influence of seasons while revealing limited impact of weekdays and holidays on daily water consumption patterns.

Allocation of Resources Efficiently in Tactile Ethernet PON’s - Healthcare

Efficient resource allocation plays a critical role in enhancing network performance within healthcare environments. This study focuses on resource allocation within Tactile Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (PONs) specifically designed for healthcare applications. Our investigation delves into the unique challenges and requirements posed by healthcare Local Area Networks (LANs), which encompass the imperative for secure and dependable data transmission, as well as the seamless integration of medical devices and tactile communication capabilities. Drawing upon a thorough review of existing literature and empirical analysis, this paper proposes novel strategies for the efficient distribution of resources within Tactile Ethernet PONs to address the diverse needs of healthcare networks. We explore innovative approaches to integrate tactile feedback seamlessly into network infrastructure, aiming to enhance user experience and streamline interaction with medical devices. Moreover, we examine the broader implications of efficient resource allocation in terms of its potential to elevate patient care standards, improve operational efficiency, and fortify data security and privacy protocols within healthcare settings. The insights gleaned from this research contribute to the ongoing endeavors aimed at optimizing network performance and enhancing usability across healthcare LANs, ultimately striving to elevate the quality of healthcare services delivered. Keywords- Tactile Ethernet, Passive Optical Network, Network Optimization.

Cost Analysis of Short Messaging Service and Peer Navigator Interventions for Linking and Retaining Adults Recently Diagnosed With HIV in Care in South Africa.

Large proportions of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa are not linked to or retained in HIV care. There is a critical need for cost-effective interventions to improve engagement and retention in care and inform optimal allocation of resources. We estimated costs associated with a short message service (SMS) plus peer navigation (SMS+PN) intervention; an SMS-only intervention; and standard of care (SOC), within the I-Care cluster-randomized trial to improve HIV care engagement for recently diagnosed PLHIV. We employed a uniform cost data-collection protocol to quantify resources used and associated costs for each intervention. Compared with SOC, the SMS+PN intervention cost $1284 ($828-$2859) more per additional patient linked to care within 30 days and $1904 ($1158-$5343) more per additional patient retained in care at 12 months, while improving linkage by 24% (95% CI: 11 to 36) and retention by 16% (95% CI: 6 to 26). By contrast, the SMS-only intervention cost $198 ($93-dominated) more per additional patient linked to care and $697 ($171-dominated) more per additional patient retained in care but was not significantly associated with improvements in linkage (12%; 95% CI: -1 to 25) or retention (3%; 95% CI: -7 to 14) compared with SOC. The efficiency of the SMS+PN intervention could be improved by 46%, to $690 more per additional patient linked and $1023 more per additional patient retained in care, if implemented within the Department of Health using more efficient distribution of staff resources. Findings suggest that scale-up of the SMS+PN intervention could benefit patients, improving care and health outcomes while being cost-effective.

On your own, together: Regional perspectives on community resource-sharing for disaster preparedness in Washington state

ABSTRACT When disasters isolate communities from external support, their members must turn to each other for mutual assistance. This study explores (1) resource management, (2) information sharing, and (3) community leadership and civic participation as dimensions of peer-to-peer sharing for more efficient distribution of local resources under “islanded” conditions. Interviews with members and leaders of three neighborhood-scale communities in Washington state revealed concerns about household preparedness and stockpiling of resources, but also the potential to lever individuals’ community knowledge, social networks, and willingness to participate. Future interventions might include enhancing place-based social infrastructure for resource and information sharing; online local databases and applications that normally maintain privacy but “unlock” important household information for community use in emergencies; and programs that help individuals access and adopt leadership and participation roles. Satisfying these requirements for successful disaster prepared ness also aligns with the goals of everyday community-building and strengthening of collective capacity.

Intelligence Farming Using Machine Learning

Abstract: This research paper delves into the revolutionary role of machine learning in contemporary agriculture, a concept termed as "Intelligence Farming." The study encompasses the application of data in farming, including data related to weather conditions, soil quality, and crop health, and how machine learning contributes to efficient resource distribution and crop management. The paper underscores the significance of predictive yield forecasting, precision farming, and early detection of crop diseases, all facilitated by machine learning. Furthermore, it discusses the socio-economic and environmental outcomes of implementing this technology, such as enhanced productivity and sustainability. In conclusion, the paper strongly recommends the incorporation of machine learning in agricultural decision-making processes, underlining its critical role in the current era of data-driven decision-making.

Determining the minimum required cooling time of profiled assemblies at the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant taking into account the load schedule

Determining the minimum required cooling time of profiled assemblies at the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant, taking into account the load schedule, is an analytical process to establish the shortest required period during which profiled assemblies used in the nuclear power plant energy process must remain in active use. This process considers factors related to changes in the electrical load on the station during different periods. Within the scope of this definition, an analysis of the technical characteristics of profiled assemblies is conducted as well as their impact on the overall performance of the nuclear power plant. Key considerations in the cooling time include operational safety, compliance with regulatory requirements, and efficient distribution of energy resources in accordance with the load schedule. The goal of this process is to ensure optimal and safe operation of profiled assemblies, adapted to changes in the electrical grid and aligned with the load schedule, thereby contributing to the more efficient functioning of the nuclear power plant. This study aims to substantiate the minimum required cooling time for profiled nuclear assemblies characterized by an average uranium enrichment of 3.82% and an average burnup of 45.7 Megawatt-days per kilogram of uranium (MWD/kgU). Calculations are performed using the ORIGEN-ARP program, part of the SCALE software package designed for the analysis and modeling of radioactive and nuclear processes. The study considers parameters such as the composition of nuclear assemblies, fuel burnup, modeling using the ORIGEN-ARP program, and safety analysis. The results obtained aim to make a significant contribution to enhancing the efficiency and safety of nuclear energy installations

Legal regulation of formation of budgets of united territorial communities as key subjects of local self-government

This article is devoted to the study of certain aspects of the formation of local self-government budgets, namely united territorial hromadas. It is summarized that the armed actions of the aggressor led to a deep economic crisis in Ukraine, which affected the financial capacity of the state as a whole and local self-government bodies, in particular.
 Attention is focused on the fact that with the beginning of a full-scale invasion, the process of approving the budget of local self-government has undergone certain changes: the heads of the respective territorial communities can dispose of the funds of local budgets only in the territory where hostilities are not conducted and the military administration of the settlement (settlements) is not formed. The amendments to the Budget Code of Ukraine related to the payment of personal income tax by military personnel are analyzed. Attention is paid to the content of these innovations, namely, to direct to the state budget revenues from the paid tax on the income of an individual from payers- military personnel. It is noted that these changes should contribute to a more efficient distribution of financial resources, in particular, to influence the state's ability to purchase drones and weapons to ensure the country's defense capability.
 Particular attention was paid to the issues of formation of local budgets, their distribution and use. It is emphasized that the process of decentralization of power, proposed by the government to meet the financial needs of hromadas, is based on local budgets, which will ensure financial independence and personalize responsibility for the consequences of ineffective management of local finances. It is emphasized that the successor of the property and duties of territorial communities are the communities themselves, but according to the innovations, the remaining funds received from the community budget over the past year will be directed to activities related to Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine.
 The article focuses on the importance of ensuring transparency in spending budget funds and the right of communities to establish their own mandatory procedures for ensuring publicity in managing local finances.

Financial Management Challenges in Georgia’s Higher Education Institutions

The effective management of financial resources in higher education institutions significantly impacts the overall system’s functionality. The role of education and scientific development in a country’s economic progress cannot be overstated. Georgia possesses the potential to achieve economic growth through its intellectual and educated human capital. However, despite recent reforms, the education system grapples with persistent shortcomings and challenges, hindering the creation of well-prepared and competitive graduates. Strengthening the education system is essential for Georgia to thrive in the global arena. While funding for education has increased over the years, mere financial inflow does not necessarily correlate with improved educational quality. To address this, a strategic and tactical approach to reform, along with efficient distribution of financial resources, is crucial. This paper investigates the impact of existing funding policies on Georgia’s higher education system. It delves into the structure and dynamics of funding for higher education institutions, examining the nature and significance of previously funded projects. Additionally, the study discusses and analyzes the role of education reforms in promoting overall development. Drawing on both qualitative and quantitative analyses, the recommendations put forth within this framework aim to empower stakeholders in overcoming the challenges faced by Georgia’s higher education landscape.

Subcarrier-users nomination process for downlink NOMA system

The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) characteristics of 5G radio access allow for more efficient resource distribution. NOMA improves spectral efficiency by allowing Power domain users to transmit power concurrently with other users of time and spectrum resources. The selection of the subcarrier and the nomination of users to the subcarrier is of the utmost importance to maximize spectral efficiency fairness among the users and improve the data rate of weak users in the downlink NOMA system. The least gain subcarrier First-threshold-based Adaptive user grouping algorithm (LGSF-TBAUGA) has been devised for this purpose. This algorithm maintains a significant channel gain differential based on a threshold, thus avoiding successive interference cancellation (SIC) process imperfections. The computational complexity of the proposed technique is calculated and compared to other approaches. The power coefficients of the selected users are used to allocate power to them. The proposed method improves the weak user data and overall system sum rates. As a result, the spectrum efficiency and user fairness index have been greatly enhanced compared to some existing algorithms.

Application of the multi-criteria analysis method mairca, spotis, comet for the optimisation of sustainable electricity technology development

The development of sustainable electricity technology is of utmost importance in addressing the increasing energy demand while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Fossil fuel-based electricity generation is the primary contributor to air pollution and climate change, necessitating a shift towards renewable energy sources. The efficient production, distribution, and utilization of energy resources, along with ensuring affordable energy access and environmental sustainability, are key policy objectives for any country's energy sector. However, assessing sustainable electricity technologies is a complex task due to the diverse range of evaluation criteria and impacts associated with the practical implementation of these solutions. To overcome this challenge, this study proposes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach to select the optimal solution for the development of sustainable electricity technology. The study employs several reliable methods, including MAIRCA, SPOTIS, COMET, and the CRITIC weighting method, to perform ranking evaluations. Based on this, an evaluation Table of criteria using linguistic variables is constructed. Furthermore, a ranking of methods for developing sustainable electricity technology is established by combining MCDM optimization methods. The results indicate that future energy policies should prioritize sustainable energy technologies, particularly water and solar thermal solutions. These findings have significant implications for development policymakers as the transition towards a sustainable energy system becomes increasingly crucial. In the future, the findings of this research can be further developed on a regional level, enabling the identification of the most appropriate energy technologies for specific regions based on their unique characteristics and requirements

Efficient and choreographed quality-of- service management in dense 6G verticals with high-speed mobility requirements

Future 6G networks are envisioned to support very heterogeneous and extreme applications (known as verticals). Some examples are further-enhanced mobile broadband communications, where bitrates could go above one terabit per second, or extremely reliable and low-latency communications, whose end-to-end delay must be below one hundred microseconds. To achieve that ultra-high Quality-of-Service, 6G networks are commonly provided with redundant resources and intelligent management mechanisms to ensure that all devices get the expected performance. But this approach is not feasible or scalable for all verticals. Specifically, in 6G scenarios, mobile devices are expected to have speeds greater than 500 kilometers per hour, and device density will exceed ten million devices per square kilometer. In those verticals, resources cannot be redundant as, because of such a huge number of devices, Quality-of-Service requirements are pushing the effective performance of technologies at physical level. And, on the other hand, high-speed mobility prevents intelligent mechanisms to be useful, as devices move around and evolve faster than the usual convergence time of those intelligent solutions. New technologies are needed to fill this unexplored gap. Therefore, in this paper we propose a choreographed Quality-of-Service management solution, where 6G base stations predict the evolution of verticals at real-time, and run a lightweight distributed optimization algorithm in advance, so they can manage the resource consumption and ensure all devices get the required Quality-of-Service. Prediction mechanism includes mobility models (Markov, Bayesian, etc.) and models for time-variant communication channels. Besides, a traffic prediction solution is also considered to explore the achieved Quality-of-Service in advance. The optimization algorithm calculates an efficient resource distribution according to the predicted future vertical situation, so devices achieve the expected Quality-of-Service according to the proposed traffic models. An experimental validation based on simulation tools is also provided. Results show that the proposed approach reduces up to 12% of the network resource consumption for a given Quality-of-Service.

Concepts, objectives and analysis of public health surveillance systems

Public health surveillance (PHS) systems are an important tool to map the distribution and burden of disease as well as enable efficient distribution of resources to fight a disease. The surveillance systems are used to detect, report, track a disease as well as assess the response to the disease and people's attitudes. PHS systems are changing with the rapid change in technology and are becoming more real-time responsive with availability of new type of data such as online content and social media data. This review presents the basics of surveillance systems and develop from it to show the evolution of surveillance systems. The different forms of data available, surveillance methods and surveillance types are also reviewed such as social media based, web-based and clinical data based PHS maps. This review provide comprehensive details of the surveillance systems in terms of data types used, source of data and purpose of the surveillance system.

A Review of Current Metaverse Applications as a Tool for Reshaping Human Behaviour in Health Communication

In line with the objectives of Industry 4.0, the Health 4.0 initiative promotes the integration of cutting-edge technology into medical practice. The Health 4.0 concept includes virtual reality (VR) as a component that has the potential to play an important role. Even though VR in the medical field is a hot issue right now, there is still a lack of understanding about VR-assisted treatment from a broad viewpoint. The combination of healthcare with the metaverse will result in more efficient resource distribution and usage within the healthcare system. The data pertaining to healthcare in the metaverse are kept on a public server, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based devices are used to retrieve it. Through the use of metaverse's healthcare systems, patients get a diagnosis in a timely manner. Because the metaverse is meant to be used for specific things, its effects on society, the economy, and culture are also determined by those things. The main findings of this review are to highlight the metaverse's goal of encouraging connectivity, collaboration, and new experiences directly affects how people interact, work, and interact with digital environments and how important it is for responsible and ethical development to make sure that all of these elements work well together. This analysis is going to be broken down into two distinct categories, the first two of which are purpose and impact. In conclusion, the findings of this research will help to improve strategic decision-making as well as policy-making processes in order to pursue the creation of commercial opportunities via the deployment of a metaverse service in healthcare and other comparable contexts.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Knowledge Management Systems: A Systematic Review of the Synergy between People and Technology

he paper purposes to explore the association between AI and KM by analyzing how AI can contribution companies in handling and using information to improve knowledge processes efficiently. An electronic bibliographic database search and the reference lists of pertinent review articles were used to conduct a systematic review. To guarantee a thorough and organized approach to examining the literature, the study utilized the PRISMA criteria and the PICO model. The results found that the strong relationship between AI and KM. Knowledge management (KM) offers a structure for organizing and managing knowledge, while artificial intelligence (AI) enables machines to learn and process enormous amounts of data. This similarity between AI capabilities and KM framework is crucial for improving organizational information management procedures. Factors including organizational structure, rewards/incentives, and communication, trust, and information systems all play a role in how firms share their knowledge. Organizational performance is enhanced through optimized knowledge management and flow when AI is integrated into KM systems. This leads to more efficient knowledge resource distribution, providing organizations with a competitive edge. Future research should explore the potential of smart assistant systems, which offer social welfares and strengthen competitive advantage. The study also emphasizes the importance of understanding leadership traits and organizational structures that are essential for consistent performance through effective KM practices

Shortening the Supply Chain through Smart Manufacturing and Green Technology

Correcting inefficiencies in the supply chain requires us to reimagine manufacturing by recapturing processes—particularly material sourcing and end-use recycling, which create vast amounts of waste. Inefficiencies in the supply chain create massive waste and stifle innovation in manufacturing, both well-established concerns for the environment. Carbon-based fuels and products are detrimental to the land, air, and sea. Single-use products made from toxic materials flood the food and medical supply chains. Businesses are increasingly moving toward the single purchasing platform model (for example, Uber and Airbnb). Following that model, this paper proposes a platform as a service (PaaS) manufacturing sharing service that matches small- to mid-size manufacturers with production capacity as a solution to obtaining ethically sourced products at a competitive price while offering access to last-mile delivery locally on a single purchasing platform. The development of an Internet of Things (IoT) platform can achieve these four things: (1) provide better coordination of the sourcing and supply of materials, (2) ensure effective provisions of eco-friendly and recycled inputs, (3) provide efficient distribution of equipment and manufacturing resources, and (4) shorten the supply chain by centralizing and coordinating last-mile delivery.

CADASTRAL SYSTEMS AND LAND STRUCTURE IN URBAN PLANNING: OPTIMIZATION OF LAND USE AND URBAN PLANNING

The article is devoted to the study of the role of cadastral systems and land management in urban planning. The authors consider ways to optimize land use and urban planning based on the integration of modern cadastral tools. Potential advantages and opportunities provided by cadastral systems for effective management of urban territories, ensuring their sustainable development and taking into account ecological, economic and social aspects are analyzed. The article examines the relationship between cadastral systems and land management in the context of urban planning. The main attention is paid to the optimization of land use and urban planning with the help of modern cadastral technologies. Key principles by which cadastral information can contribute to a more rational and efficient distribution and use of land resources in urban conditions are considered. In addition, the article discusses the importance of cadastral systems in the formation of urban planning strategies and plans for the development of settlements. Formation of land relations, peculiarities of urban development. The theoretical foundations were studied and made it possible to develop an integrated environment for urban land use. This environment combines methods and models of observation, processing and use of geodata, implementation of urban planning documents, assessment of the dynamics of urban objects, identification of inconsistencies, their detection and correction, as well as methods of monitoring the development of urban territories, taking into account their economic, social and legal context. The relevance of the application of geoinformation systems is noted in connection with the complexity of urban planning documentation, a large volume of data and problems of management and distribution of urban land resources. Such systems are considered as a comprehensive solution aimed at optimizing decision-making processes in urban planning and land use. The article focuses on the need to integrate modern technologies into the urban planning process to achieve sustainable development of cities and harmonious interaction between man and the environment.

Rural Communities and Water Governance: Understanding Participatory Processes for Catchment Management in the Upper Umzimvubu Catchment

Water is a crucial issue for sustainable livelihoods, and a lack of it impacts human life. Catchment areas play an essential role in water provisioning, and their management is fundamental for sustained water availability. The UN-endorsed Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach best expresses catchment management ideals that resonate with South Africa's constitutional ideals of efficient and equitable distribution of resources. South Africa has a history of inequality that led to severe neglect of rural areas in many facets, including the water sector. Despite the country's reformed laws and policies, sustainable water provision and access remain challenging, particularly in rural-based municipalities where land degradation and a weak revenue base interact to reduce access to water for most communities. This paper reports on a study that sought to understand participatory processes for catchment management in the upper Umzimvubu catchment within Matatiele Local Municipality in the Alfred Nzo District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. This study used a qualitative approach to data collection and document analysis. The findings show that participatory water governance strategies exist and tend to coalesce around non-governmental structures. The findings also show that there is room for improving water governance in rural communities, including the need to finalize the establishment of Catchments Management Areas (CMAs) in all nine existing Water Management Areas (WMAs) while incorporating strong community involvement and strengthening the capacity of rural municipalities.

Trends in the rescue and fate of koalas in New South Wales (1973-2020), with a focus on disease and trauma

ABSTRACT In line with the objectives of both the 2022 National Recovery Plan for the Koala Phascolarctos cinereus and 2022 NSW Koala Strategy, our study aimed to draw on the long-term records of koala rescue in NSW from 1973 to 2020 to describe trends in admissions across NSW. A total of 18,039 koala admission records were collated from 1973 to 2020. Koalas were rescued due to disease, motor vehicle collision, dog attacks, unsuitable environment, bushfire, orphaning, and other reasons. However, the reasons for rescue were not evenly distributed among the rehabilitation groups. Across all rehabilitation groups and all years (1973-2020), the release rate of all admitted koalas was 47.6%. The NSW Koala Strategy identifies an action of “supporting koala rehabilitators” (Pillar 3 Improving the safety and health of koalas), and strong partnerships, including with koala rehabilitators, are “critical to achieving success”. Our study has confirmed that strong partnerships are possible and identified the prevalence of disease and trauma in rescued koalas. While it is not possible to assess the scale of the threats from disease and trauma to koala populations from rehabilitation records alone, we can use the trends in admissions to inform the efficient distribution of resources to rescue and rehabilitation efforts.

Regulation of tolerances of associated parts of mechanisms of livestock farms during repair

The paper considers an algorithm for optimizing the efficient distribution of resources that determine the cost of assembly work, subject to restrictions that ensure high quality assembly of livestock machines and equipment. To determine the required tolerance values for parts, one can use the known methods of parametric optimization. Therefore, the application to the solution of the problem of the method of Lagrangian multipliers as a result of the calculations obtained the optimal tolerances of the details of the angle. Upon completion of the calculations, the optimal assembly parameters of the node for various values are obtained; the result is presented in graphical form. There are various methods for calculating component tolerances of mating parts. Methods based on the statistical evaluation of tolerances and finding their root-mean-square deviations make it possible to reduce the degree of risk when expanding the tolerance limits for mating parts and reduce assembly losses. The correct assignment of tolerances allows one to achieve significant savings in material resources and reduce production costs. The most effective solutions may be those obtained by implementing optimization procedures that ensure the minimization of the quality criterion under the conditions of restrictions determined by the components of the assembly assembly process.