Oil Removal Efficiency Research Articles

Preparation, oil removal and flocculation efficiency evaluation of a PAC-P(AM-BA) hybrid polymer flocculant based on response surface method

In this study, a novel inorganic-organic hybrid polymer flocculant PAC-P(AM-BA) with hydrophobic groups was synthesized using the aqueous solution free radical micelle polymerization method. The raw materials used were polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyacrylamide (AM), and butadiene acetate (BA). Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal preparation conditions for PAC-P(AM-BA) were as follows: initiator mass fraction of 0.15% (based on total monomer), n(AM):n(BA)=98:2, urea mass fraction of 3.00%, total monomer mass fraction of 15.597%, inorganic component (PAC) mass fraction of 1.346%, and polymerization temperature of 24.225℃. In PAC-P(AM-BA), BA was chemically bonded within PAM, while PAC was connected to the organic long chain through ion bonding. Moreover, the thermal decomposition temperature of PAC-P(AM-BA) was found to be 275.93℃. The hybrid flocculant exhibited a rough surface and displayed strong adsorption bridge formation as well as net capture and sweeping performance.

Experimental study on oil removal performance and anodic dissolution characteristics during the treatment of marine oil spills using electrocoagulation

As global demand for oil increases, offshore extraction and transportation activities have become more frequent, leading to a rise in marine oil spill incidents that threaten marine ecosystems. Electrocoagulation technology, known for its efficiency and environmental friendliness, holds potential in treating collected oil-water mixtures during oil spill emergency responses, particularly in controlled environments where the oil has been contained. This study systematically evaluates the oil removal performance and anodic dissolution characteristics of electrocoagulation technology for purifying marine oil spills. The experimental operating parameters ranged from 0.5 A to 1.5 A current, 1.2 L·h−1 to 3.6 L·h−1 flow rate, and 1 cm to 2 cm interelectrode distance. The results indicate that under relatively better operating conditions of 1.0 A current, 1.2 L·h−1 flow rate, and 1 cm interelectrode distance, the oil removal efficiency reaches 90.48 %. The anode dissolution rate is unevenly distributed, with the fastest dissolution occurring in the anode g region, and the dissolution rate increases with the current. Increasing the current inhibits the formation of average pitting depth and expansion of pitting on the anode. This study provides critical data and theoretical support for optimizing the application of electrocoagulation technology for marine oil spill treatment.

Kinetic study of mineral oil removal from wastewater by the sono-electrochemical process

ABSTRACT Chemical kinetics can be a useful tool for determining the optimal operating time of electrochemical processes. The main objective of the study was to determine the mineral oil removal rate by sono-electrochemical treatment. In this study, zero-, first-, and second-order kinetic models were used to determine the reaction rate of mineral oil removal with the sono-electrochemical process. The reaction rate experiments were conducted under the following optimal conditions: 8 min of treatment time, a current density of 53.1 A/m2, and a flow rate of 0.23 L/s. It was found that the changes in mineral oil concentrations follow second-order kinetics with a coefficient of determination of 0.9732. The mineral oil removal efficiency was 94.4%. This study concludes that sono-electrochemical process could be a promising technology for the removal of mineral oil from wastewater, and that the mineral oil removal rate can be determined by chemical kinetics. The results obtained may be useful for the optimization of the sono-EC process and reactor design.

Organoclays from acid-base activated vermiculites for oil-water mixture separations

Oily wastewater discharge causes severe environmental pollution and resource waste, requiring the development of low-cost adsorbents with good hydrophobicity. This study presents the preparation and use of a novel highly hydrophobic adsorbent based on natural vermiculite clay minerals to separate free/emulsified oil-water mixtures. Vermiculite was first activated with sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide to increase its adsorption capacity and surface area. The sample was then modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to change the wetting properties from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and increase oil adsorption. XRD, XRF, FESEM, BET, FTIR, and zeta potential analyses were carried out to determine changes in texture, morphology, and chemical composition of vermiculite affected by acid, base and acid-base activation. According to the results, the acid-base activation process was selected for vermiculite treatment before CTAB modification, which demonstrated a high oil adsorption selectivity (1910.6 %) compared to raw vermiculite (44.14 %). Effect of CTAB concentration on vermiculite's wetting properties was studied. The results confirmed that the acid-base activated sample modified at 0.9 mmol.L−1 near the critical micelle concentration of CTAB exhibited highly hydrophobic properties (water contact angle of 148° ± 1°). For oil-in-water emulsions, the treated adsorbent demonstrated a high oil removal efficiency of 96 ± 2 %. Additionally, a packed layer of highly hydrophobic vermiculite was applied for free heavy/light oil-water mixture and water-in-oil emulsion separation. The performance test for separation of free oil-water mixture and water-in-oil emulsion showed high separation efficiency (all above 90 %). The reusability of highly hydrophobic vermiculite as well as the effect of oil type, the thickness of the adsorbent layer, and the height of the water phase on separation performance were also investigated.

Study on the Oil-Water Separation Performance of Axial-Flow Hydrocyclone Enhanced by Condensate Bubbles

Abstract Produced water is the main by-product of the oilfield extraction process. Due to its high emulsification degree and density close to water, micron oil droplets are inefficiently separated by ordinary cyclone, and it is difficult to meet the standards of external discharge and reinjection after treatment. In this study, micron bubbles were prepared by mixing hydrocarbon components as gas and passed into the cyclone separator to enhance the oil-water separation effect. After the bubbles entered the cyclone, due to the pressure environment inside, the heavier components in the bubbles were found to condense and precipitate from the bubble surface, while the lighter components did not undergo phase change. The heavy hydrocarbons condense and spread out in the bubble and form a condensate film, because the condensate and oil droplets belong to the hydrocarbon homologue is easier to capture the oil droplets. This technology realizes the modification of lipophilic and hydrophobic surface of the bubbles. After the oil removal experiments found that the traditional axial cyclone separator separation of 65%, through the ordinary bubble assisted separation efficiency of 74%, and through the preparation of condensate bubbles to enhance flotation can be raised to 89% of the oil removal efficiency. Therefore, the condensate bubble-enhanced cyclone separator oil-water separation has a good application prospect.

Impact of organic acid molecular length and structure on rock oil-wetting rapidity and stability

The oil-wetting properties of organic acids play a crucial role in various industrial applications, including enhanced oil recovery, oil spill remediation, surface modification, and so on. This study investigated the impact of organic acid molecular length and structure on oil-wetting rapidity and stability on sandstone and carbonate. Model oils prepared by dissolving organic acids in n-decane, and crude oil, were used as the oil phase. Their oil-wetting behavior was evaluated by contact angle values. The maximum molecular length of each organic acid was approximated based on its molecular structure. Our results indicate that organic acids change wettability much faster in carbonate rock than in sandstone. Longer organic acid molecules exhibit enhanced oil-wetting potential due to increased hydrophobic interactions with oil phases. Water film does not have a long-term impact on the oil-wetting process by organic acid on Indiana limestone. However, the existence of a water film largely inhibited the oil-wetting process for Indiana limestone in crude oil, and for Berea sandstone in crude and model oil. Furthermore, molecular structure, such as the presence of functional groups, significantly influences oil-wetting properties. Organic acids with an aromatic ring demonstrated a more stable oil-wetness against wettability alteration induced by surfactant treatment. Gemini surfactants with benzene ring(s) in the spacer removed aromatic organic acid more efficiently than surfactants without benzene ring. Overall, this study provides insights into the design and optimization of organic acids for applications requiring effective oil-wetting and oil-wetness stability, as well as the designing of surfactant structures with higher oil removal efficiency.

Exploring the glycoprotein washing fluid-assisted cleanup for the restoration of oil-contaminated shorelines with environmental integrity

Spilled oil in ocean can spread to the shoreline and cause long-term impacts on the shoreline's ecological environment. Therefore, removing oil accumulated on shorelines is crucial. This study proposed an innovative ovalbumin (OVA) fluid-assisted method for the cleanup of oiled shoreline substrates. The oil removal efficiency of OVA fluids was systematically investigated. Higher concentrations of OVA fluids effectively enveloped and immobilized the oil, aiding in its separation from the sand surface. The increased temperature reduced the viscosity of emulsions, facilitating improved flow and oil removal. High salinity promoted the creation of oil particle aggregates molecules and facilitated the release of oil from the sand surface. The factorial analysis demonstrated that a high salt environment significantly enhances the combined impact of temperature and pH on oil removal performance. Different methods for the responsive separation of washing effluents were studied, and the most effective separation method was adjusting the pH of effluents to 4.54 (the isoelectric point of OVA). Separated precipitates exhibited good decomposition efficiency through thermal decomposition and biodegradation. OVA fluids boast advantages, such as low cost, easy recyclability, and non-toxicity, while ensuring high oil removal efficiency and making them a promising eco-friendly technique for the cleanup of oiled shorelines.

Evaluation of Post-fracturing Imbibition Oil Displacement Efficiency in Shale Reservoirs

In order to clarify the imbibition law of shale oil after fracturing with guanidine gum and nano-slickwater, this study quantitatively analyzed the imbibition efficiency of shale core under different time periods of two kinds of fracturing fluids through the imbibition experiment of natural shale core and nuclear magnetic resonance test technology, and preliminarily understood the microscopic crude oil production characteristics of pore throat of shale imbibition. The experimental results show that the imbibition oil removal efficiency of nano-slick water reaches 34.7 %, which is higher than that of guanidine gum fracturing fluid. In the high imbibition efficiency stage of rock samples, within 6 h of the beginning of the experiment, the small pore porosity reaches 20.8 %, the large pore and fracture reach 30 %, and the final imbibition oil displacement rate can reach 31.7% and 39.6 %. The development of micro-fractures and bedding fractures is beneficial to improve the imbibition efficiency. With the extension of time, the imbibition rate gradually decreases, and the utilization degree of pore throat is limited.

Hydrophobic modification of biomass chitosan for treatment of oily wastewater and its demulsification mechanism

Traditional demulsifiers are commonly produced using raw materials like ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, which deplete significant petroleum resources and involve hazardous and complex manufacturing processes. In this investigation, a hydrophobically modified chitosan (HMC) was synthesized by grafting dodecyl diethanolamine onto natural chitosan to facilitate the separation of O/W emulsions. Characterization of HMC was conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The demulsification efficacy of HMC was assessed through a bottle test in an O/W emulsion containing 0.2 % crude oil. Results showed that at a HMC dosage of 40 mg/L, the light transmission (WT) and oil removal efficiency (WR) of the resulted water phase were 93.4 ± 0.8 % and 99.8 ± 0.1 %, respectively. Furthermore, the competitive adsorption between natural surfactants and HMC at the interface was investigated using interfacial tension (IFT), three-phase contact angle (CA), droplet coalescence time (CTA), and interfacial film substitution. A potential demulsifying mechanism was also proposed, emphasizing HMC’s hydrophilic core and dispersed hydrophobic alkyl chains that enable rapid diffusion to the oil–water interface, replacing interfacial active components to induce demulsification by destabilizing the composite film. The advantages of HMC demulsifier over commercial demulsifiers lie in its superior environmental benefits, diverse range of sources, higher efficiency, and outstanding demulsification performance.

An eco-friendly approach to separate emulsified oil from water using all natural materials of chitosan and beach sand

Oil-contaminated water from oil and gas exploration remains the industry’s primary waste stream. The common method of using chemical coagulation/flocculation followed by air flotation has drawbacks such as generating non-biodegradable and toxic sludge and high operational costs. This study presents an eco-friendly alternative utilizing chitosan and beach sand to remove emulsified oil from water. Chitosan acts as a biodegradable flocculant, while beach sand aids in high-density floc formation and accelerates settling velocity. This approach achieved up to 94 % oil removal efficiency and reduced settling time from 90 to 15 min by using 100 mg/L chitosan and 500 mg/L beach sand with a particle size distribution of 50–100 μm. Shorter settling time reduces capital expenditure compared to conventional methods. Additionally, using natural materials like chitosan and beach sand minimizes toxic sludge generation. This eco-friendly approach offers a promising alternative to conventional methods for treating oily wastewater.

Synthesis of carbon nanotube aerogels from cross-linked polyacrylamide/chitosan hydrogels via gamma irradiation for efficient oil removal

Environmental pollution, stemming from oil spills and improper disposal of organic solvents, severely threatens global water resources and ecosystems. This study addresses this concern by introducing carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogels as efficient adsorbents for removing pump oil and various organic solvents from water. Aerogels were synthesized from cross-linked Chitosan/polyacrylamide hydrogels using gamma irradiation in the presence of sodium silicate, incorporating varying concentrations of CNTs (1 %, 2 %, and 3 %). Characterization techniques, including FTIR, SEM, EDX, BET surface area analysis, and compression testing, unveiled the structural and physicochemical properties of the aerogels. Incorporation of CNTs substantially enhanced surface area and compressive strength, with the CNT 3 % aerogel exhibiting remarkable values (316 m2/g and 8.677 MPa, respectively). Hydrophobicity was confirmed by water contact angles (89° to 94°). The CNT aerogels demonstrated outstanding oil removal efficiency, reaching 93.15 %, surpassing the blank aerogel (38.01 %). The CNT aerogel achieved 80.68 % efficiency for methanol removal compared to 62.09 % for the blank aerogel. Kinetic studies revealed a chemisorption process, emphasizing the enhanced chemical interactions facilitated by CNTs. These findings underscore the promising potential of CNT aerogels for effectively removing oil and organic solvent contaminants from water, even at low concentrations.

Novel avenues for achieving simultaneous high-efficiency oil removal and sterilization: Designing a quaternary ammonium-hydrophobic ternary template copolymer

In treating complex sewage containing microorganisms, flocculation and disinfection typically occur as distinct stages, involving the addition of flocculants and disinfectants separately. To integrate oil removal and disinfection, a novel quaternary ammonium-hydrophobic ternary template polymer, TPAMA-DA, was engineered with capabilities for both flocculation and sterilization functions. Optimal copolymer characteristics were determined through Response Surface Methodology of the preparation parameters for TPAMA-DA. The copolymer prepared was applied to model wastewater, and the results indicate that, in emulsified oil and E. coli single systems, TPAMA-DA achieved removal rates of 95.71 % and 97.19 % for emulsified oil and OD600 (residual OD600 = 0.0239), respectively, showcasing superior oil removal and antibacterial capabilities compared to TPAMA and PAMA. Meanwhile, TPAMA-DA exhibited excellent oil removal efficiency across a broad range of pH environments, contrasting sharply with its pH-sensitive antibacterial properties. Surprisingly, applying TPAMA-DA to the oil-E. coli binary systems, it not only maintained high efficiency in oil removal but also showed certain pH adaptability in antibacterial activity, suggesting TPAMA-DA’s outstanding ability for simultaneous oil removal and antibacterial action in oil-E. coli binary systems. Impressively, SEM and 3D-EEM analyses confirm that TPAMA-DA disrupts the bacterial cell, resulting in the death of E. coli. These findings may pave the way for new avenues in the development of multi-functional, efficient, low-consumption, and environmentally friendly high-performance copolymers with dual capabilities for oil removal and sterilization.

Magnetic hollow fibers of covalent organic frameworks (COF) for pollutant degradation and adsorptive removal

The shaping of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) from non-processible powder forms into applicable architectures with additional functionality remains a challenge. Using pre-electrospun polymer fibers as a sacrificial template, herein, we report a green synthesis of an architecture in the form of COF hollow fibers with an inner layer of peroxidase-like iron oxide nanoparticles as a catalytic material. When compared to peroxidase-like pristine iron oxide nanoparticles, these COF hollow fibers demonstrate higher catalytic breakdown of crystal violet due to their peroxidase-like activity via advanced oxidation process. Furthermore, as a potential adsorbent, hollow COF fibers exhibit significantly effective adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of organic solvent and oil from water. Because of their magnetic nature, COF hollow fibers can be easily recovered and have exhibited high recycling stability for both catalytic dye degradation and organic solvent removal from water.

Novel conductive Janus membranes with water diode effect assisted by an electrostatic field for efficient mass transfer and oil-water separation

Membrane separation technology is effective for treating oily wastewater but is limited by the lack of membranes that are both highly permeable and fouling-resistant. Janus membranes, with asymmetric wettability and electrostatic repulsion of charged oil droplets, offer a potential strategy for oil-water separation. This study developed novel electrically enhanced conductive Janus membranes using metal-modified organic membranes to achieve high-efficiency treatment. Conductive metal Janus membranes were fabricated using a straightforward two-step method involving simple electroless nickel plating and surface peeling. The resulting nickel-coated surface of the membrane demonstrated extreme hydrophilicity, underwater oleophobicity, and excellent conductivity (approximately 4.7 Ω). Fascinatingly, the developed membranes exhibited a “water diode” effect, facilitating unidirectional liquid transport without external pressure. Gravity-driven oil-water separation achieved a flux rate of 4874 L m−2 h−1 and over 99 % oil removal efficiency, surpassing most existing studies. During electro-filtration of oil-water emulsions, the conductive Janus membrane as a cathode generated electrostatic repulsion, preventing emulsified oil droplet adhesion. Applying an external voltage increased the flux by approximately 13 times and oil removal efficiency to 99.6 %. The membrane's separation capability remained consistent across six cycle tests, demonstrating robust stability. As all, this work first synthesized conductive “water diode” Janus membranes with high oil-water separation efficiency, offering fresh perspectives on the design and fabrication of Janus membranes as well as on the processes for treating oily wastewater.

Sustainable kitchen wastewater treatment with electricity generation using upflow biofilter-microbial fuel cell system.

The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is considered a modern technology used for treating wastewater and recovering electrical energy. In this study, a new dual technology combining MFC and a specialized biofilter was used. The anodic materials in the system were crushed graphite, either without coating (UFB-MFC) or coated with nanomaterials (nano-UFB-MFC). This biofilter served as a barrier to retain and remove turbidity and suspended solids, while also facilitating the role of bacteria in the removal of organic pollutants, phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, oil and greases. The results demonstrated that both systems exhibited high efficiency in treating kitchen wastewater, specifically greywater and dishwashing wastewater with high detergent concentrations. The removal efficiencies of COD, oil and grease, suspended solids, turbidity, nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates in first UFB-MFC were found to be 88, 95, 89, 86, 87, 75, and 94%, respectively, and in Nano-UFB-MFC were 86, 99, 95, 91, 81, 88, and 95%, respectively, with a high efficiency in recovering bioenergy reaching a value of 1.8 and 1.5Am-3, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for developing MFC and utilizing it as a domestic system to mitigate pollution risks before discharging wastewater into the sewer network.

Probe into a novel surfactant-free microemulsion system of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether + water + diesel for crude oil removal and recovery from oily sludge

A novel surfactant-free microemulsion (SFME) system was proposed in this study, and applied in the crude oil removal and recovery from oily sludge (OS). Based on an investigation of the SFME phase behavior and solution properties, a complete ternary phase diagram was constructed. The SFME with three-liquid phase equilibrium (Winsor III type) was selected for the treatment of OS to achieve simultaneous efficient removal (up to 95.1 %) and recovery (up to 83.2 %) of crude oil. The SFME could be reused continuously for OS treatment without purification. The removal efficiency could still keep >75.9 % after 5 times of reuse, showing high reusability. The detached crude oil could be automatically recovered based on the phase equilibrium principle without additional separation. In the washing experiments, single-factor and multi-factor orthogonal tests were applied to investigate the effects of different experimental conditions on oil removal efficiency and determine the optimal experimental scheme. The treated OS was sufficiently decontaminated according to the morphology, composition, and properties analysis by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and contact angle. The composition of the recovered crude oil was identical to that of commercial crude oil according to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, showing a high recovery value. The kinetic analysis revealed that crude oil desorption experienced three main stages: membrane diffusion, intra-particle diffusion and surface desorption, and identified the chemisorption was the main interaction between the oil–soil. Finally, the mechanism of SFME action was assessed for dissolution and activation based on ultra-low IFT.

Cyclodextrin decorated with quaternary ammonium salt and hydrophobic chain as green demulsifier for the demulsification of oily wastewater

Currently, most of the industrial demulsifiers are based on petrochemical-derived raw materials, which have the disadvantages of dangerous and complicated synthesizing process, low demulsification efficiency (DE) and significant environmental harm. To tackle these challenges, this study focused on synthesizing a green cationized amphiphilic cyclodextrin demulsifier (CDPA) decorated with quaternary ammonium salt and hydrophobic chain, which exhibits effectively treats oily wastewater at ambient temperature and low concentration. The bottle tests revealed that the light transmittance and the corresponding oil removal efficiency of CDPA was 93.1 % and 99.4 %, respectively. In addition, CDPA consistently maintained an excellent DE in wide pH range (3–11) and high salinity conditions. The possible demulsification mechanism of CDPA was explored in detail and the results showed that CDPA could quickly adsorb and replace natural surfactants, leading to form an unstable composite film and initiating the demulsification process. Furthermore, the positive charge of CDPA also facilitated electrostatic neutralization with the oil droplets, thereby attenuating the strength of the interfacial film.

Eco-friendly efficient cleaning of oiled sand by phosphorylated cellulose nanocrystal-based composite

Oil from offshore oil spills may be stranded on beaches and exist for decades, requiring appropriate cleaning agents to adequately remove it. Herein, a phosphorylated cellulose nanocrystals (PCNCs) −Tween80 composite cleaning agent was developed by adding trace amounts of nonionic surfactant Tween80. Through the synergistic interaction of various components, the cleaning agent exhibited high oil removal efficiencies for the oiled sand at 25 ℃ and sea salt concentration of 3.5 wt%. The difference among the oil removal efficiencies of cleaning agents containing different components was mainly attributed to variations in the interfacial tension and the zeta potential. The oil removal efficiencies of the cleaning agent for contaminated sand containing engine oil were 81.2 % and 91.4 % at the cleaning speeds of 150 rpm and 300 rpm, respectively. Surprisingly, the composite cleaning agent reached an oil removal efficiency of 89.9 % at just 150 rpm for the real-world polluted system of the sand contaminated with crude oil. At a relatively mild cleaning speed of 150 rpm, the cleaning effect exceeded those reported in most previous studies at 300 rpm. Furthermore, the washing wastewater achieved rapid and efficient oil/water separation under flocculation of using polyaluminum chloride, which was expected to significantly reduce the discharge of wastewater and avoid secondary pollution. This work has developed a PCNCs-based cleaning agent with advantages of high efficiency, environment-friendliness, convenient preparation, low cost, and low discharge of wastewater, which can efficiently remove oil from oiled sand.

Treatment of oil sands process-affected water using a semi pilot-scale coalescing filter: Effect of fundamental conditions and water characteristics on filtration performance

The reuse of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) generated during oil extraction is becoming essential due to oil extraction efficiency and stringent environmental regulations. This study investigates the efficacy of a coalescing filter (CF) in removing oil components from OSPW by exploiting coalescence, which involves merging small oil droplets into larger ones using fibers. Real-time, precise oil measurement systems were employed to evaluate the oil removal efficiency of the CF across synthetic OSPW samples with varying properties. Fundamental conditions and water quality components were systematically adjusted to elucidate the influencing factors on oil removal by the CF. Results showed that despite the diesel having significantly lower viscosity than the oil contents in OSPW, CF achieved a removal efficiency of over 60% within the first 10 min of operation time, regardless of oil concentration. Total suspended solids/turbidity exhibited a decreasing trend as it passed through the filter, indicating fouling occurring within the filter. On the other hands, its increase improved CF performance by 6% compared to baseline conditions, while an increase of alkalinity decreased performance by 10%. When each water quality component exists independently, they do not significantly impact the oil removal efficiency. However, when present together, there is a more decrease in removal efficiency due to the reduced interaction between oil and filter. CF was resistant to changes in water quality. Rather, changes in fundamental factors are more sensitive to CF performance. Filter characteristics and mechanisms make residence time the primary factor affecting oil removal by the CF, with variations exceeding 30% depending on conditions. Therefore, optimizing filter number and flow rate is essential to maximize the filtration performance.

Bioinspired melt-blown fiber felt with flame retardancy for efficient oil spill remediation by solar-driven oil evaporation and adsorption

Confronted with rapid-spread river oil leaks and marine oil spills containing toxic and light fractions, conventional emergency response measures often fall short. This study proposes a solar-driven oil evaporation and adsorption (SOEA) strategy that efficiently addresses the challenges posed by toxic and light oils in rivers and oceans. Inspired by the self-protection and anti-fouling effects of fish scales, a photothermal oil-adsorbing felt with a biomimetic scale structure for efficient SEOA is constructed by decorating functional components onto the melt-blown fiber felt using scalable spraying technology. The rational integration of a dual-layer scale structure and functional constituents imparts stable superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, flame retardancy, enhanced mechanical strength, and a higher oil adsorption capacity. Benefiting from the superior photothermal conversion, the solar-vapor conversion efficiency of the resulting P-EG/MXene@PP reaches 85.6 % under 1 sunlight, with an evaporation rate for light oil of 13.17 kg/m2/h, 8 times higher than natural volatilization. For crude oil floating on water, it achieves a 98 % oil removal efficiency in 6 h, with 41 wt% of the light fraction evaporated. This research provides distinctive insights into solar-driven oil spill remediation behavior and pioneers the SOEA strategy, offering rapid, efficient, and safe solutions for intricate oil spill scenarios.