Efficiency Of Enterprise Management Research Articles

PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION OF MOTIVATION SYSTEMS AT MODERN ENTERPRISES AND WAYS OF OVERCOMING THEM

This article discusses the issues of constructing an effective motivational system in an enterprise, as well as defines indicators for evaluating an enterprise's motivational system. The current level of production cannot develop without effective motivational systems of personnel, which must be constantly improved under the influence of economic and political conditions. Today you can buy a competitive product on the market, but you cannot buy competitiveness and incentives for it on the market. Therefore, domestic enterprises have to independently search for the most suitable and effective methods of organizing and promoting labor. In modern economic conditions, an important role for the development of the organization is played by issues of increasing the efficiency of enterprise management. The main point is the identification and proper use of the company's internal reserves. The role of employee motivation is to shape the behavior of employees, which is necessary to achieve the goals of the enterprise.

Modern trends and prospects for the introduction of information technologies in the Ukrainian tourism industry

Information technology greatly simplifies the process of forming a tourist product using computer networks, international reservation systems, electronic databases of tourism regulations, automated systems of settlement payments and etc. The impact of information technology on tourism is carried out by the following ways: increasing the efficiency of enterprise management, improving the quality of customer services, creating and implementing new services. The subject of the research is the introduction of information technology in the Ukrainian tourism industry. The purpose of the article is to identify trends and outline the definite prospects of using modern information technology in the tourism industry. The following research methods are used in the article: analysis and synthesis to closer define the essence of information technology; observation and theoretical generalizations to reveal the characteristics of introduction of information technology in the activity of enterprises in the tourism industry; statistical method to analyze the current condition of information technology in the tourism industry; graphical and tabular techniques to determine the relationship between indicators, their illustrations and the presentation of research results. The results we have obtained are following. The most popular websites in Ukraine in the categories “Accommodation and Hotels”, “Air Travel” “Ground Transportation” and “Tourist Attractions” are booking.com, flyuia.com, blablacar.com, and getyourgiede.com. Compared to the world experience, the percentage of paid search in Ukraine is higher, it means that some companies do not have a well-developed brand. The rating in mobile apps for all companies is above 4, it is a good mark. Due to the pandemic, tourism is now in a difficult situation, it has also affected the statistics of all indicators on web resources, but the experts pay attention to the historical sustainability of tourism and its ability to cope with crises. From the comparative characteristics of web pages in four categories in Ukraine and in the world, we can conclude that in our country the brands of these companies are not enough developed, the popularity among tourists is lower, and the percentage of search traffic is also lower. To increase the website traffic and the level of awareness of tourism businesses, tourism enterprises should use social networks to provide up-to-date information to tourists and to maintain customer contact, as well as send promotions and discounts.

COMPETITIVENESS OF PRODUCTION AS A DETERMINING FACTOR OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE IN MARKET CONDITIONS

Production management is the main meaning of enterprise in production and management. Good production management can improve the efficiency of companies working, effectively manage the information of production process, and improve the overall competitiveness of enterprises. The production competition is the one of main task of the enterprise and the reason for it to survive in the fierce market economy competition. An enterprise that stands out from the market is recognized by the public and accepted by consumers, relying not only on the brand shaping of the enterprise, but also on the competitiveness of the enterprise's product production. To provide high-quality products and sufficient inventory for consumers and society has become an important factor for enterprises to base themselves on the market. The main aim of this article is to attract the attention of enterprise managers in the market and determine factors of effective management of the enterprise. Also in our research, we discuss competitiveness of production as a determining factor of effective management of the enterprise in market conditions. There are many factors that affect enterprises to gain competitive advantage. They are summarized as follows: production management cost, quality, flexibility, time, service and environmental protection. We discuss the characteristics of enterprise from the two aspects of the production and operation of the output factors management and the environmental element management: how to improve the production and operation management so as to improve the competitiveness of the enterprise. The thought method of the advanced production and operation management, the enterprises constantly inspect and improve the defects existing in the production and operation system in order to provide the market with a low price in time. High quality and diverse products or services, occupying a larger market share. The managers of the enterprise attach importance to the production competition, which is the first step in the operation of the enterprise, which will help the enterprise to stand in the invincible position. The prospects for further research in this area are related to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of enterprise management by introducing a set of measures to improve product quality. Key words: competitiveness of production; market conditions; production management, effective management; enterprise; competitive advantage.

Internet of Things based acquisition system of industrial intelligent bar code for smart city applications

In order to improve the acquisition efficiency of bar code acquisition technology and the management efficiency of enterprises in the Internet of things, and bring more benefits to related enterprises, the barcode technology of perception layer in the Internet of things was added into the enterprise resource planning system, thus getting an effective and convenient barcode acquisition system. The research results show that the circuit board of the automatic barcode acquisition system studied here is based on the built-in barcode program and joined the enterprise resource planning system. It realizes the connection and integration of the two, which can not only run independently, but also simultaneously, to a large extent, playing its role. It can be seen that the integration of the barcode technology of the perception layer in Internet of things and the enterprise resource planning system can obtain a new industrial automatic barcode acquisition system. It can not only meet the requirements of barcode acquisition, but also improve the efficiency of barcode acquisition, which can be used for reference for manufacturing enterprises in terms of projects that produce according to the order.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТНІ АСПЕКТИ КАПІТАЛІЗАЦІЇ МАШИНОБУДІВНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ

The purpose of this article is to assess the results captation machine-building enterprises of Ukraine, determination of their causal relationships, as well as recommendations for ensuring growth of capitalization. In Ukraine, mechanical engineering has traditionally been described as the locomotive of domestic economy development, the dynamics that determine performance aspects of functioning of enterprises of engineering industry are descending. The features research of engineering enterprises development is a topical area in the aspect capitation, as it allows to determine the core list of issues that lead to negative dynamics of the economic results and allows you to define the priority focuses of managerial influence to ensure that the increasing trends of engineering business capitalization. Mechanical engineering is the most sensitive area of the industry to strategic technological innovations. Undoubtedly, the main focus on the development of innovative machine-building business should be made by the companies’ management. However, government support is essential in the situation, which is characteristic of the domestic business environment. While engineering companies have to fundamentally change their business models, target orientation which should be aimed at ensuring the intellectual parameters of modern engineering production. In this aspect, you cannot rely on short-term financial results, and perhaps within a certain time interval, there will be a process of decapitalization. Such methods were used in the course of writing the article: estimation of the fundamental value of capital, the VBM analysis, the factor analysis results in accordance with the ReOI model. The results of the factor evaluation of the capital fundamental value of domestic machine-building enterprises determined the causes decapitalization and formed the principles of the national strategy for the development of modern machine-building production according to the content of the concept “Industry 4.0”. Of practical value are the results of the methodological approach testing to assessing the enterprise management efficiency based on the method of fundamental capitalization. Key words. Machine-building enterprises, the fundamental capitalization, the capital, the results capitation, the yield spread of capital, the sustainability index growth index value growth.

STARTUP MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN BUSINESS PRACTICE – THE EMPIRICAL RESEARCH

The achievements of strategic management related to building and implementing the development strategy are very rich and varied. However, the question arises about the possibility of application of these concepts while building startup strategies. In the paper, an attempt has been made to establish whether startups craft development strategies and, if so, how? The research was carried out using the modern strategic management model on a group of companies operating in the market for the period of time ranging from three months to 3.5 years. As indicated by the results, development strategies are built intuitively, their form is not formalized and they relate to short time horizons. The skills associated with the efficiency of enterprise management obtained the highest rating. For the development of startups, the skills of combining visionary with operational management of the leader are crucial. The value added of the paper is an attempt to create the areas of building startup management strategies, which is favorable for their high performance.

INFORMATION SUPPORT OF ANALYTICAL ACTIVITY IN THE COMPANY MANAGEMENT

In modern conditions of the activity of business entities, the management process requires integrated solutions using new approaches to management. For the development of the enterprise in a constantly changing economic environment, it is necessary to have such an accounting and system that would ensure effective management based on a reliable reflection of various aspects of the financial and economic activities of the enterprise. At the same time, the accounting system combines accounting and operations in one process. At the same time, both the general methodology and the regulatory provisions of accounting and analysis for rational use in a single accounting and information system are being improved. The continuity of this process and the use of its results in business are necessary when making management decisions by enterprise management. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of modern economic science, the works of national and foreign scientists. In the course of the study, in particular, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis - to study the object and subject of research; abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and conclusions) constructive and experimental (the formation of managerial decisions using support). According to the results of the study, it is found that the concept of analytical is used very limitedly in the economic literature as opposed to the term “analysis.” Some authors also use other related concepts without adhering to the same terminology even within the framework of one study. Methodical approaches to the support of the enterprise management process are substantiated. Qualitative information criteria have been established and their importance has been investigated to ensure effective managerial impact. It is stated that informatization and automation of accounting significantly increase the efficiency of accounting employees, improves internal and external control over the financial and economic activities of the enterprise, as a result, increases the efficiency of enterprise management and ensures high performance of its work. It has been determined that accounting at enterprises should be carried out using the most automated information system, which is specific for the enterprise, which will be implemented in stages and by creating the necessary prerequisites. The obtained theoretical and applied recommendations can be used to improve the existing approaches to the creation of the information base, to make and evaluate the validity of management decisions, to identify the degree of their implementation.

Violation Monitoring System for Power Construction Site

Automatic detection of violations will improve the efficiency of enterprise management and reduce the workload of employees. In this paper, a construction site monitoring system based on Tiny-yolo-dense is developed for three common violations of electric power construction site: no safety helmet, safety gloves and no labour suits. The experimental results show that the system can meet the requirements of real-time and accuracy of power construction site monitoring.

Design of Information System Architecture of Garment Enterprises Based on Microservices

The microservices architecture has been favored by system designers and has gradually become the mainstream solution in enterprise-level application architecture design since its introduction. This article aims at the urgent need for information transformation and upgrading faced by the garment industry, and designs a system architecture based on microservices to solve the two problems it faces: the first is how to design an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system that improves the efficiency of enterprise management which is ability to develop and apply quickly; the second is how to upgrade module-level functions on the original information management system smoothly. This paper decomposes the business process into microservices and designs an asynchronous communication mechanism between microservices, enhances system scalability and robustness. This paper uses Docker so that the enterprise’s original ERP system can be compatible with the new system and gradually upgrade its function modules.

THE VALUE OF AN ENTERPRISE AND FORMATION OF REQUIREMENTS TO THE SYSTEM OF ITS ASSESSMENT INDICATORS

In modern conditions there is a strong need for theoretical and methodological generalizations and development, as well as practical recommendations, which would be aimed at building an effective mechanism for assessing the value of an enterprise in rapidly changing economic conditions. This study focuses on the part of this problem, especially the identification of the requirements to be met by the indicators used for such an assessment. In addition, in order to avoid unilateralism, the main approaches to determining the value of an enterprise are considered and its types are defined in the article. In our work, we rely on the concept of «enterprise value» in its broad sense. Value is a characteristic of production process encapsulated in economic well-being, which expresses its internal potential ability to bring effect that exceeds not only the cost of creating this benefit, but also its opportunity value, i.e. the benefit of lost opportunities as a result of investing resources in production of this benefit. The value becomes socially recognized if it allows the resource owner to have this effect in the form of accumulated economic added value based on economic profit. However, no matter what approach is used, the value of the assessment will depend on the right indicators that allow to make an analysis and to provide objective results. The main features of the system of indicators for assessing the value of an enterprise are: adequacy, accuracy, objectivity, trustworthiness, unambiguity, profitability, value, compatibility, timeliness and regularity, defining cause-and-effect links and indicators of assessment and evaluation of business opportunities. Taking into account the above-mentioned, the following conclusions are made: the choice of indicators for value assessing is individual in nature, as there are specific characteristics of appraisal objects and current and strategic objectives of the appraisal; to form a system for assessing the value of a particular joint-stock company, it is necessary to take into account the development or absence of market institutions, environment, factors of their stability, level of business capitalization, degree of control, etc.; usage (application) of a balanced system of assessment indicators should be the basis for making managerial decisions. The perspective for further research in this area needs to be guided in the development of tools for assessing the value of enterprises, as well as improving the integrated assessment of financial and economic conditions and efficiency of enterprise management, based on the highlighting of the most influential indicators of financial, property and management nature taking into account the specificity of an entity activity.

Support decision-making in information control systems using the temporal knowledge base

The subject matter of the article are the processes of using temporal knowledge to support decision-making on the control of composite objects within the framework of the enterprise functioning paradigm. The goal is to develop an integrated approach to building, as well as the use of temporal knowledge bases for analyzing the current state of the enterprise as an integral object at different levels of the organizational hierarchy and decision support for control. Tasks: to develop a model of the temporal knowledge base for the presentation of context-oriented temporal dependencies on the behavior of the control object; improve the method of detecting anomalous states of the control object based on the analysis of temporal data and knowledge; to present technologies for the automated construction and use of a temporal knowledge base to support decision-making on enterprise management. The methods used are: methods of construction knowledge bases and methods of supporting management in conditions of uncertainty. The following results were obtained. The following results were obtained. A model of a temporal knowledge base has been developed for use in information management systems. The method of detecting anomalous states of the control object in information control systems based on the use of temporal dependencies has been improved. Technologies for building and using a temporal knowledge base to support management decisions under uncertainty are proposed. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: A model of a temporal knowledge base has been developed, containing patterns and the realization of logical facts reflecting the state of the control object, as well as the rules establishing the links between these states over time. The model makes it possible to increase the efficiency of enterprise management in conditions of uncertainty based on an analysis of its current state and the derivation of permissible sequences of actions for the transition to a target state. The method for detecting anomalous states of a control object in information control systems has been improved by taking into account the connection between actions at the control object and the context for performing these actions. The method allows to take into account the current properties of the components of the complex control object to classify the current state in conditions of uncertainty. The proposed technology for the construction and use of a temporal knowledge base in information management systems that provide for the iterative replenishment of knowledge in the operation of an enterprise and their use in the context of incomplete information about the control object.

Geoinformation modelling system of natural technical complexes for simulation modelling and optimization of load distribution

To create a system of environmental management of natural-technical complexes the organization of algorithmic support load quotas for each subject by geoinformation modelling tools is necessary. Proposed structure of geoinformation modelling system allows analysing and processing of data by geoinformation system tools with estimation for each parameter value used in accordance with proposed method. Determined criteria for load distribution between water users include the best available technologies, object social significance, ecological status of water bodies in target water points of territorial natural-engineering complex. Presented results open up new approaches, methods and techniques based on technical and new generation software. Practical relevance: algorithm and method of geoinformation project development on environmental management of territorial natural-engineering complex are able to analyse of characteristics on monitoring results, to distribute load quotes taking into account ecological level of production on the proposed criteria in accordance with developed methodology of enterprise management efficiency increasing.

Efficient Management of Municipal Enterprises

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ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ ЗА РАХУНОК КОНКУРЕНТНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ

Strategic development of transport enterprises, including railway transport, as one of the main components of the domestic transport system, in modern economic conditions is a reflection of their capabilities in the market, which manifests itself in the development and implementation of phased plans for the development of the railway industry in order to increase the level of competitiveness in the market transport services. Strategic management of an enterprise is a reaction to complex and changing conditions of economic activity. Although, at present, obtaining the maximum profit serves as an indicator of the efficiency of the enterprise, nevertheless, an enterprise seeking to further develop in the economic system, should focus its efforts on the conquest of new, more attractive from an economic point of view, market segments by changing or improving own economic activity. Therefore, the application of strategic approaches and development guidelines allows enterprises to more widely use their own and, if needed, resources, creating new market opportunities for themselves. Creating favorable conditions for conducting effective economic activity for enterprises of all spheres of the national economy is necessary to develop a strategy of activity, on the basis of which it is necessary to adopt the ability to form and develop competitive advantages. They may be at different stages of formation - depending on the specifics of the activity, the resources of the enterprise, its ability to conduct effective innovation activities, and other factors, including those that directly affect the efficiency of enterprise management, defining the methods of substantiation and formulating the criteria before making managerial decisions. The presence of a large number of specific areas of development of transport companies, in particular, passenger and freight traffic, have different aspects regarding the ways of further development, it leads to the need to create and implement a long-term and multi-stage development program, which should highlight all the specifics of the operation of transport enterprises and detail ways to achieve the goal for each structural unit. That requires the creation of a unified system of indicators, the achievements of which will promote the maintenance of existing competitive advantages and the creation of new ones, in particular by expanding the geographical, social, technological, and other capabilities of the enterprise .

INTERNAL AUDIT AS A TOOL OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF TOURISM ENTERPRISE: HISTORY AND CURRENT STATE

Urgency of the research. The urgency of conducting an internal audit of the management accounting system at enterprises is currently caused by the objective need to improve management efficiency and obtain economic benefits for the owner, employee and buyer, and for their making management decisions. Target setting. In the conditions of formation of market relations in Ukraine, the ability of an enterprise to adapt to new economic conditions acquires great importance, in particular, it relates to the commercialized tourism sector, which main goal is attracting additional investments. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The works by V. V. Nemchenko [1], E. L. Kuzina [2], M. V. Melnik [3], V. M. Rodionova [4], B. N. Sokolova [5], V. I. Shleynikov and other scientists are devoted to this issue. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. It is necessary to continue the study of building an effective audit system for enterprises reflecting the rapidly changing development trends in this sector of economy. The research objective. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of internal audit, as an integral part of enterprise management control in the tourism industry, the history of the emergence and establishment of financial control. The statement of basic materials. The article discusses the issues of internal auditing at a tourism enterprise as a way to improve the efficiency of enterprise management. One of its functions is control. The history and current state of financial control are described. The concept of internal audit and its form, the role of financial control is revealed. Conclusions. Thus, financial control as a component of financial management tools existed at different stages of historical development since the epoch of antiquity. It organically changed along with the evolutionary processes of economic relations in society. The internal audit units are now a prerequi-site condition for the productive and efficient operation of the enterprise.

A method of measuring stacked objects volume based on laser sensing

Stacked objects volume measurement is now widely used in the fields of enterprise material management. It is significant to improve the efficiency of enterprise management and to reduce the cost of management and operation. The method based on laser sensing is one of the key methods to measure the stacked objects volume. This paper presents a laser sensing measurement method of stacked objects based on bottom plane extraction and real-time calibration. A calibration method for a laser scanning sensor and inertial measurement sensor is proposed. Three-dimensional reconstructions of stacked objects and volume calculations are carried out after acquisition and processing of point clouds. Volume measurement experiments of the single box and stacked boxes have been conducted respectively. Experimental results show that the measurement method is feasible and valid with good accuracy.

НАПРЯМКИ РОЗВИТКУ АНТИКРИЗОВОГО ФІНАНСОВОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

For continuous performance, enterprises should not only take into account potential risks and existing negative factors, but also develop methods and principles that allow timely and flexible response to crisis occurrences, as well as determine the recovery stages in an already deteriorated financial condition. Given tasks are solved by anti-crisis financial management, designed to increase the efficiency of enterprise management and facilitate the equalization or improvement of an economic entity’s financial stability, therefore, the directions of its development are a rather relevant topic in a market economy. The article examines the theoretical foundations of anti-crisis financial management, the main factors affecting the emergence of a crisis state at an enterprise, discusses the need for its development, and provides factors that determine the effectiveness of the implemented anti-crisis policy. Identifying the need to improve anti-crisis financial management and decision-making on its implementation are accompanied by an analysis that takes into consideration possible risks and costs, which determines the expected effect. The author generalizes and indicates the main principles and stages of anti- crisis management.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS IN THE EU COUNTRIES

The concept of national and regional development strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are studied for a long time, as small and medium businesses are the foundation of the economy and the basis for effective country functioning. The business development program of the European Union countries is particularly interesting because there are several levels that correspond to each other and give full effect on the SMEs development. The EU standards are higher than in non-EU countries; therefore, it is worth considering legislative documents, as well as statistics showing the indicators of openness and access to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The complexity and comparative novelty of studying such a problem in Ukraine led to the need to explore sources of information in the original language due to the lack of information in Ukrainian or Russian. All these suggest that the problem of creating strategies at the national and regional level is more relevant and important to study in the West that demonstrates the current state. The subject of the study is to analyse the effectiveness of implementing strategies for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises as well as the impact of national and regional policies on their functioning and development in the European Union countries. Methodology. The authors highlighted the peculiarities and main features of the development strategies implementation for small and medium-sized enterprises in the EU countries through a comparative analysis of the legislative framework, statistical and other data that help assess the performance and effectiveness of the implemented strategies. The content analysis helps to identify peculiarities of the implemented strategies in quantitative and qualitative forms. The thorough analysis using the above-mentioned methods allowed doing a qualitative study of national and regional strategies in the context of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the EU countries. Practical importance is that the results of this study will lead to a wider acquaintance with progressive strategic methods of management of small and medium-sized enterprises. This will enable the plan development of concrete actions to improve the efficiency of enterprise management in less developed countries. In turn, raising awareness on this issue will reduce the number of inefficient and non-innovative enterprises. Scientific novelty of the article is to determine the theoretical basis of the differences that at the current development stage are increasingly manifested as certain contradictions in the compilation and improvement of small and medium-sized enterprises, development of strategies at the national and regional levels. Small and medium-sized enterprises, in their turn, have a wider access to their development. Conclusions. As a result of the main development strategies of small and medium-sized enterprises of the EU countries, there should be identified the differences and common features of different strategies for innovations of small and medium-sized enterprises. The interaction of the national and regional strategy with actual results and existing strategies is explored.

EXPRESS ASSESSMENT OF ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

The existing approaches to assessing enterprise management efficiency have been analysed in the article. The main purpose of the article is to improve the methodological approach to express assessment of the enterprise management efficiency through the application of standard system of scoring criteria. This system allows classifying the criteria by assigning them the relevant laws of their rate of growth ratio. The use of standard system of scoring criteria has been justified, and the system that complies with its construction rules has been offered in the article. On the basis of that system the accounting data of a motor transport enterprise have been analyzed and the conclusions about the level of the enterprise management efficiency have been drawn. The article contains the description of steps and the result of the express assessment. The technique allows for fast assessment results, provides means for identifying areas for management improvement and does not require large amounts of reference information for calculations.

Space enterprise strategy guiding-based study on project portfolio management and flow optimization

Project portfolio management (PPM) is the centralized management method, process and technology in multiple projects. When multiple projects in the space industry are implemented, it provides an effective methodology to resolve the problems at the same time such as conflicts among models, decrease in design efficiency, and increase in target deviation. Hence, a PPM dedicated to multiple projects management in space enterprise is presented in this paper. Firstly, an analysis of features and contents in space enterprise portfolio management mode is performed by using PPM based on its specific strategic characteristics. Then, the principle and selection methods of PPM are provided as a reference for the future development of an enterprise. Finally, a multiple-level organization architecture including decision making layers, function management layers and project execution layers is proposed so as to adapt to possible changes in the multiple projects and correspond to the strategic development. As a consequence, a perfect matching mechanism to fit the changes in PPM modes is reached. In addition, the flow chart of PPM is designed and optimized by analyzing the implementation procedure of strategic target and project portfolio life-cycle, which is expected to realize the purpose of improving space enterprise management efficiency, project management capacity, innovation development and economic benefits.