Efficiency Of Public Management Research Articles

Multidisciplinary aspects of the notion of efficiency: a discussion under applicability in the judiciary

This article aimed to discuss the multidisciplinary aspects of the notion of efficiency in relation to the decision maker's actions when aiming to meet speed, transparency, planning and economy. The principle of efficiency was included in the Brazilian Constitution in art. 37 by Constitutional Amendment nº 19, of 06/04/1998, defining the way public administration operates in its spheres of power to optimize management and achieve better results. This is qualitative research, with a descriptive nature, in which the interpretation and explanation of the theme and its social relations with aspects of reality prevail. As for technical procedures, it is characterized as bibliographic and documentary, in which it made use of elaborate material (books, scientific articles) and various materials (legislation, reports, manuals and others). It was found that the notion of efficiency has always been, in general, approached as the cost-benefit relationship observing the combination between available resources and their results (products and/or services). In Brazil, the applicability of efficiency in public management has gained emphasis over the years, both due to the evolution of legislation and the improvement of the way public entities are managed. In the judiciary, speed is more associated with procedural rites (time variable); transparency, good examples are the Justice in Numbers Report and the Socio-Environmental Report; planning, the National Council of Justice is responsible for improving work, control and administrative and procedural transparency; economy, the notion of performance with quality, achieving the best possible result. The concept of eco-efficiency has gained strength in recent years due to the gap in the development and implementation of efficiency as sustainability strategies with the premise of combining economic and environmental efficiencies.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART-CITY TOOLS AS A RESPONSE TO CHALLENGES IN SOCIO-HUMANITARIAN FIELD IN UKRAINIAN METROPOLISES

The article investigates theoretical foundations of public management in the socio-humanitarian sphere of metropolises based on the smart city concept. It defines the essence of the concept of "public management in the socio-humanitarian sphere" in a metropolis, which should be considered as a multi-branch and inter-sectoral complex formed with the involvement of local authorities, business partners, the public, and citizens, and aims to create, maintain, and develop a favorable safe environment as a unified system of life and livelihood of the city based on the balanced development of the main sectors of the economy and socio-humanitarian sphere. The abstract also defines criteria for the efficiency of public management in the socio-humanitarian sphere within a modern metropolis, which include integrity, sustainability, and security of the subjects in obtaining a positive effect of solving socio-humanitarian issues within a metropolis. The main mechanism of public administration in a metropolis is establishment of interaction in the triad "power - business - community" and coordination of their interests (business - "here and now", community - "the welfare of our children", the state - "the welfare of citizens"). It is confirmed that the digitalization of public administration contributes to strengthening control over the use of all types of resources for the optimal development of the socio-humanitarian sphere of Ukrainian cities.

Application of RFID Technology in Public Sectors in Brazil

RFID technology is a technology of 4.0 Industry that seeks to support logistical management by enabling data communication and allowing enhanced control of managed goods from a certain institution. One way of application is in Asset Management, granting a greater efficiency in public management, security, control and automation. This project aims to analyze the scientific production published in association to related aspects of the RFID technology at public agencies in Brazil. A systematic literature review was carried out in Science Direct and Google Scholar databases between the years 2015 and 2020. There was a total of 17 studies that addressed the RFID application in the management of mobile assets at public agencies in Brazil, which most of them being application proposals at Public Universities and Army, where the concentration of these chattel are bigger and demonstrates the efficiency of this technology on controlling tracked goods, exploiting all the advantages that this system makes possible.

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL TRENDS OF WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

At the current stage of Ukrainian state integration into European community, country leaders face new challenges that require improving efficiency of public management and public administration based on democracy and human-centeredness. Urgency of public leadership development in Ukraine is closely related to the foreign countries’ experience study on the mechanisms of formation and development of public leadership, characterized by a high level of moral values, responsibility, communication, modesty. The new management paradigm, being introduced in public administration and public management in Ukraine, also requires introduction of new qualities in public leadership, manifested through establishment of moral values in the leader’s personality, leader’s behavior in public service reform. According to the author, such qualities of leadership as delegation of powers in public authorities, intersectoral cooperation in public administration determine development of leadership in the context of educational trends in foreign countries. The author believes that today an important aspect in the development of public leadership is the mobilization aspect of the efforts of all leaders and subordinates of public authorities and leaders of civil society institutions to overcome crises and do complex reforms in public administration. Such crises include ensuring stability in global fight against the GOVID-19 pandemic. However, problem of public leadership development in this aspect has not been properly reflected in modern scientific sources. The article reveals priority models of public leadership of Western European countries as a prerequisite for formation of successful personality, successful leadership qualities, the trend of which is such an important factor as publicity, because before the 90s of the twentieth century not all government officials in European countries were public.

СУЧАСНІ ОБРИСИ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ Й АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СФЕРИ УКРАЇНИ

The cultural sphere as a generator of social development, economic and political potential of a state, its status and relations within international arena requires rapid and qualitative changes in the system of public administration. Three spheres of state sovereignty - political, economic and cultural - are called timeless and important. The identified problems and factors of their crisis state actualize a need to modernize the state management system in terms of functional, resource, legal and communicative support. A requirement to improve quality and efficiency of public management and administration, its publicity and effectiveness at all levels of the system is caused by the following conditions: low quality of services of the bureaucratic apparatus; society's distrust of the government due to ineffectiveness of its decisions, and in some cases - inaction, corruption and bureaucracy; initial stages of decentralization and partnership development between the state in person of government officials and society, business and local authorities. A structural and functional model of management entities that influence and determine the policy and state of a cultural sphere has been developed. The weight of each subject of management system in terms of their functions and tasks is significant, nevertheless current market environment highlights a need for their joint participation in solving industry problems. It is proved that to ensure a development of cultural sphere introduction of public-private partnership as a tool to support culture among existing mechanisms of country's modernization is relevant. Partnership involving public authorities (legislative, executive and judicial branches), local governments, civil society and business is aimed at long-term mutually beneficial cooperation, agreed by the parties taking into account the size and weight of power, influence of parties, resources, experience, competencies and subordination, risk sharing etc. in order to implement socially significant projects, ensuring economic benefits of all participants. An auxiliary mechanism for attracting additional resources, sharing functions, responsibilities and risks, exchange and sharing of experiences and knowledge are not yet decisive benefits of such partnership.

Análise da Eficiência do Modelo de Contratação de Execução Indireta e de Serviços Baseado na Prestação e Remuneração Mensuradas por Resultado em Dois Hospitais Públicos do Estado de Minas Gerais

Este trabalho analisa o modelo de contratação de execução indireta de serviços baseado na prestação e remuneração mensuradas por resultados. Por meio de estudos de casos, apresenta uma discussão acerca das normas que regem esse modelo de contratação, bem como analisa a eficiência da sua aplicação na administração, segundo as três categorias principais definidas no processo de metassumarização realizado por Santos (2015): eficiência administrativa, eficiência econômica e eficiência jurídica. Inicialmente denominado Acordo de Nível de Serviço (ANS) e posteriormente renomeado como Instrumento de Medição de Resultado (IMR), pela Instrução Normativa 05/2017, do Ministério do Planejamento, Desenvolvimento e Gestão esse modelo de contratação passou a ser amplamente empregado na administração pública federal, sendo que não se observa seu emprego com a mesma intensidade na administração do Estado de Minas Gerais, não obstante seu potencial para gerar maior eficiência na gestão pública. Para o estudo, foram selecionados dois hospitais públicos e analisados os contratos de serviços terceirizados de dieta hospitalar, sendo que um adota o modelo de contratação em estudo, e o outro, não. Foi observado que, no hospital contratado segundo este modelo, todas as irregularidades contratuais constatadas tiveram impacto econômico - sancionatório e/ou remuneratório - na empresa, enquanto na contratação do tipo convencional apenas 17,5% dessas irregularidades tiveram impactos remuneratórios e/ou sancionatórios. Isto sugere que tal modelo de contratação é mais eficiente, do ponto de vista jurídico. Além disso, os dados indicaram que o modelo conduz a uma maior eficiência administrativa, economizando recursos e levando a resultados mais satisfatórios para a administração pública. Não foi possível afirmar se o modelo de contratação foi um fator que contribuiu com eficiência econômica de gestão, vez que o foco desse modelo é melhorar a qualidade das contratações.

Foreign experience of leadership development for Ukraine (on the example of Germany and Poland)

At the current stage of Ukrainian state integration into European community, country leaders face new challenges that require improving efficiency of public management and public administration based on democracy and human-centeredness. Urgency of public leadership development in Ukraine is closely related to the foreign countries’ experience study on the mechanisms of formation and development of public leadership, characterized by a high level of moral values, responsibility, communication, modesty. The new management paradigm, being introduced in public administration and public management in Ukraine, also requires introduction of new qualities in public leadership, manifested through establishment of moral values in the leader's personality, leader’s behavior in public service reform. According to the author, such qualities of leadership as delegation of powers in public authorities, intersectoral cooperation in public administration determine development of leadership in the context of educational trends in foreign countries. The article reveals priority models of public leadership of Western European countries as a prerequisite for formation of successful personality, successful leadership qualities, the trend of which is such an important factor as publicity, because before the 90s of the twentieth century not all government officials in European countries were public.The author of the article proposes to consider the features of the development of public leadership in Germany and Poland. Leadership qualities such as the ability to educate themselves, delegation of authority, transparent (transparency, openness and activation) and transformational cooperation. They determine a new style of leadership development in Western European countries, which will be useful for implementation in Ukraine. Therefore, the relevance of the article is beyond doubt.

Innovative solutions of improving efficiency in public management

The paper reflects the analyzing of current trends in the use of innovation, technical and technological potential of different countries in the context of optimizing the interaction of government and the public to stimulate the effectiveness of public management. As a result of correlation analysis, it has been proven that the basic factors, determining the effectiveness of the outlined management model, are the level of development of online services and the availability of the necessary information data infrastructure. Perspective for e-government lies in the ability to improve and adapt innovative tools to public management systems around the world by using the existing digital, research and technological potential of governments of different countries.

Leadership development trends in the scandinavian countries: experience for Ukraine

At the current stage of Ukrainian state integration into European community, country leaders face new challenges that require improving efficiency of public management and public administration based on democracy and human-centeredness. Urgency of public leadership development in Ukraine is closely related to the foreign countries’ experience study on the mechanisms of formation and development of public leadership, characterized by a high level of moral values, responsibility, communication, modesty. The new management paradigm, being introduced in public administration and public management in Ukraine, also requires introduction of new qualities in public leadership, manifested through establishment of moral values in the leader's personality, leader’s behavior in public service reform. According to the author, such qualities of leadership as delegation of powers in public authorities, intersectoral cooperation in public administration determine development of leadership in the context of educational trends in foreign countries. The author believes that today an important aspect in the development of public leadership is the mobilization aspect of the efforts of all leaders and subordinates of public authorities and leaders of civil society institutions to overcome crises and do complex reforms in public administration. Such crises include ensuring stability in global fight against the GOVID-19 pandemic. However, problem of public leadership development in this aspect has not been properly reflected in modern scientific sources.The article reveals priority models of public leadership of Western European countries as a prerequisite for formation of successful personality, successful leadership qualities, the trend of which is such an important factor as publicity, because before the 90s of the twentieth century not all government officials in European countries were public.

The impact of leadership behavior on efficiency of the public investment management of road infrastructure: the case of Vietnam

Leadership behavior is one of the fundamental functions of management principles, especially meaningful to the public management in terms of road infrastructure development in the context of scarce capital and complicate investment implementation as well. The article is aimed to clarify the impact of leadership behaviors on public management efficiency in the context of road infrastructure development in Vietnam. Through a linear regression analysis, the results have synthesized the critical leadership behaviors and figured out factors related to authority assignment, communication encouragement and motivation promotion, which influences significantly (p

Цифровизация госуправления в России на фоне лучшего зарубежного опыта

<span> Все страны в последние 20 лет включились в глобальную гонку цифровизации государственного управления, многие из них рассматривают свои позиции в соответствующих рейтингах в качестве одного из важнейших ориентиров как для оценки результатов и постановки новых целей цифровизации, так и для демонстрации своих конкурентных преимуществ в инновационном развитии. В статье поставлена задача охарактеризовать развитие российской ситуации в сравнении с лучшим мировым опытом. Для этого проводится сопоставление хода, результатов и планов цифровизации в нашей стране с имеющими наивысшие рейтинги странами</span><span class="myHorizontalScaleForEmDashSpaceBefore"> </span><span>–</span><span class="myHorizontalScaleForEmDashSpaceAfter"> </span><span>Данией, Австралией и Кореей. Использована новейшая информация из зарубежных источников за 2017–2019 гг. Результатом анализа стали выводы о соответствии российских процессов основным тенденциям глобальной цифровизации и о высоких конкурентных преимуществах нашей страны. Хотя Россия начала переход к «электронному правительству» позже развитых стран, в которых этот процесс был запущен в рамках крупномасштабных и комплексных программ реформирования государственного управления ещё в 1980–1990-х гг., к настоящему времени произошло выравнивание по темпам и содержанию задач цифровизации. На современном этапе как в странах-лидерах, так и в России понятие «электронного правительства» под влиянием новейших технологий (методы анализа больших данных, искусственный интеллект, интернет вещей, блокчейн) трансформируется в «цифровое правительство». И для обеспечения этого перехода принимаются содержательно схожие правовые и организационные решения.</span>

Panorama da transparência passiva e da regulamentação da Lei de Acesso à Informação a partir da Escala Brasil Transparente (EBT) nos municípios do COREDE Missões

O presente artigo objetiva investigar a regulamentação da Lei de Acesso à Informação (Lei 12.527/2011) e a realidade da transparência passiva nos 25 municípios integrantes do COREDE Missões, em seus portais eletrônicos, por meio da aplicação da Escala Brasil Transparente (EBT). A pesquisa classifica-se como descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa. A partir dos dados coletados foi comprovado que apenas 28% do total dos municípios investigados (Caibaté, Cerro Largo, Giruá, Porto Xavier, São Paulo das Missões, São Luiz Gonzaga e São Nicolau) regulamentaram a LAI por instrumento legal (Lei ou Decreto) e que 36% foram considerados pouco transparentes na forma passiva. A partir desses e outros achados, apresenta-se um diagnóstico da atual situação da transparência na gestão pública municipal no âmbito do COREDE Missões, permitindo aos cidadãos conhecer melhor o ambiente onde vivem e investem, a fim de que consigam refletir sobre a eficiência na gestão pública e a suficiência ou não das informações disponibilizadas, para assim poder intervir no processo de formulação de políticas públicas que possam auxiliar no desenvolvimento regional.

Efficiency of public management as a result of public processes in the state

Efficiency of public management as a result of public processes in the state

Resiliência, escala e participação em governos de direita: uma análise da Consulta Popular, no Rio Grande do Sul (1998-2018)

Resumo O cenário em torno das instituições participativas brasileiras é marcado por certa estagnação, tendo em vista vínculos históricos com partidos de esquerda. Na conjuntura posterior às eleições de 2018, faz-se necessário voltar o olhar para experiências ativas em governos conservadores. Nessa linha, este artigo analisa uma experiência supralocal institucionalizada por um governo de direita e que possui mais de 20 anos de história: a Consulta Popular, no Rio Grande do Sul. O referencial teórico discute o salto de escala e a institucionalização da participação, e a metodologia utilizada foi qualitativa, com ênfase na técnica de rastreamento de processos ( process tracing ). Os resultados mostram que o aumento de escala foi insuficiente para garantir uma transformação ampla do sistema político. No entanto, a Consulta apresenta uma forma inovadora de promover a participação e a deliberação em escala supralocal, a partir da perspectiva da governança suficientemente boa. Já a institucionalização foi fundamental para explicar sua resiliência em relação às mudanças de governo. Por fim, o caso aponta que, se a instituição participativa mostra resultados em termos de eficiência na gestão pública e não tem a ambição de alterar o status quo preestabelecido, a participação pode ser tolerada e incentivada em governos de direita.

Analyzing Forces to the Financial Contribution of Local Governments to Sustainable Development

In many countries, the economic crisis brought high volumes of deficit and debt in public entities, which jeopardized the ability of governments to continue providing public services and caused considerable imbalances of economic growth in different regions. In this context, from the recognition of the linkage between economic development and efficiency in public management, previous research indicates that local governments are called to play a key role in promoting sustainable development through environment, economic and social policies based on financial sustainability of the public services. This paper aims to identify influencing factors on the financial sustainability of local governments, as an indicator of their capacity to maintain the delivery of public services over time. Based on a sample of 139 Spanish municipalities with large population for the period 2006–2014, our findings reveal the influence of variables such as the unemployment rate by sector, the dependent population, the immigrant population and the level of education of the population, on the financial sustainability in local governments, providing new useful knowledge to managers, policymakers, researchers and others stakeholders interested in the sustainability of public services.

Performance agreements management in public hospital governance

Performance agreements management plays an important role in transforming government functions, improving public management efficiency and quality of public services. The international experience shows that: performance agreements management, as a new tool, is also applicable to public hospital governance yet calling for basic policy environment, incentive mechanism and technical support. This paper analyzed the performance agreements managements' applicability in the governance of public hospitals, the implementation conditions and environment, the mechanism and so on, in order to provide a theoretical reference for the introduction of performance agreements for the pilot cities of the public hospital reform. Key words: Performance agreements management; Public hospital; Governance

Ефективність органів публічного управління міст-мегаполісів у контексті механізмів державного управління

Стаття присвячена аналізу наукових досліджень щодо публічного управління міст-мегаполісів у контексті механізмів державного управління.Особливий акцент робиться на співвіднесенні науково-практичних підходів щодо визначення ефективності органів публічного управління міст-мегаполісів з дієвою складовою системи механізмів державного управління, а також на визначення основних концептуальних підходів до запровадження та використання політичного механізму державного управління при вимірюванні ефективності публічного управління міст-мегаполісів.Доведено, що науковцями ці питання розглядаються в контексті механізмів: управління, економічних, соціальних, організаційних, нормативно-правових і з позицій впровадження досвіду США, Канади, Великобританії, Північної Ірландії, Японії, Росії. І менше уваги приділено досвіду формування ефективного публічного управління містами-мегаполісами держав-сусідів України (Білорусі, Молдови, Румунії, Угорщини, Польщі), оскільки за чисельністю містами-мегаполісами можна вважати тільки столиці. Відзначено, що необхідність визначення основних напрямів розвитку міст-мегаполісів дасть можливість проводити реформи щодо публічного управління міст-мегаполісів.

Improving Efficiency in Public Management: The Torment of Sisyphus

Improving Efficiency in Public Management: The Torment of Sisyphus