Effect Of Vitamin D3 Supplementation Research Articles

The effect of combined resistance exercise training and vitamin D3 supplementation on musculoskeletal health and function in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectivesIn older adults, there is a blunted responsiveness to resistance training and reduced muscle hypertrophy compared with younger adults. There is evidence that both exercise training and vitamin D supplementation...

STUDY THE POTENTIAL ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF VITAMIN D3 SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE LEVEL OF EXTRACELLULAR SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE IN ASTHMATIC PATIENTS

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the potential antioxidant effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in chronic asthma patients.Methods: A total of 44 candidate patients were diagnosed with asthma allocated as Group 1 includes 20 patients assigned to receive conventional therapy for asthma and Group 2 includes 24 patients assigned to receive conventional therapy for asthma plus 2000 IU vitamin D3 tablet for 3-month period. Furthermore, 30 apparently healthy subjects were included in the study as a control group. Pulmonary function test, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, serum extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) levels were measured before and after 3 months therapy.Results: The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) both the measured and the percentage of predicted value showed a highly significant increase after 3 months treatment compared to pre-treatment value in both study groups (p<0.01). When compared to pre-treatment value, there was no significant increase in forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC) in Group 1 (p>0.05), nevertheless, Group 2 showed highly significant increase after 3 months (p<0.01). Approximately, 90-96% of adult asthmatic patients revealed vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml). Post-treatment with adjuvant vitamin D3 therapy, 25% of patients obtained acceptable level of vitamin D sufficiency (≥30 ng/ml). After 3 months of the treatment, Group 1 patients showed a significant decrease in mean SOD3 level compared to pre-treatment level (p<0.05), while Group 2 patients showed a significant increase in mean SOD3 level compared to pre-treatment level (p<0.05).Conclusion: Most of the asthmatic patients revealed vitamin D deficiency and supplementation with vitamin D3 reduce oxidative stress burden in those patients.

Lack of effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in autism: a 20-week, placebo-controlled RCT

ObjectivesData suggest a potential role for vitamin D in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We wanted to assess the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation compared with placebo in children with ASD.DesignThis...

The role of vitamin D supplementation on erectile function.

In the last few years growing evidence highlighted vitamin D (VD) deficiency is one of the several dynamics that associates with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular (ASCV) diseases. ASCV diseases and erectile dysfunction (ED) share common risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle. The aim of this review was to summarize current progress in VD research by focusing effect of low VD level on different body systems and erectile function. Here we examine research linking VD deficiency and ED and discuss how VD influences ED and its classic risk factors that also associate to increased ED risk. We also summarize research indicating that VD associates with reduced risk of several nonvascular contributing factors for ED. Available literature demonstrates relatively high rates of low VD serum levels in ED patients. Based on the preclinical and clinical data available in the literature, to date, we infer that VD play a critical role in maintaining erectile function in humans. Nevertheless, this should also be tested through randomized controlled studies on the effect of VD supplementation with larger population.

Effects of Cholecalciferol Supplementation in Patients with stable heart failure and LOw vITamin D levels (ECSPLOIT-D): a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D (VD) on the interaction among functional, echocardiographic and hormonal parameters in patients with heart failure (HF) and VD deficiency. In a randomized, double blind trial, 35 patients with HF and VD<20 ng/mL, received either 300,000 U of oral cholecalciferol followed by 50,000 U/month for 6 months, or placebo treatment. Changes in the 6 Minute Walking Test (6MWT) assessed at 3 and 6 months in treatment group was the primary end point. Secondary endpoints were echocardiographic and hormonal changes. The same targets were compared in treated and placebo groups as secondary endpoints. In the treatment group the 6MWT improved at 3 (from 210±104 mt to 225±94 mt; P=0.033) but not at 6 months (from 210±104 mt to 217±94 mt; P=0.288) while PTH dropped at 3 (from 76.8±50.5 to 50.2±20.3 pg/mL; P=0.025), but not at 6 months. 6MWT improvement was negatively related to baseline VD levels. Variation in 6MWT did not significantly differ among groups at 3 (13.6±23.3 vs. 3.6±17.3; P 0.175) and 6 months (12.1±31.4 vs. 0.2±23.2; P 0.225). Left atrial size increased in the placebo group (from 50.8±20.7 to 61.7±36.0 mL/m2; P=0.010). Other hormonal parameters remained unchanged. In summary, the treatment of VD deficiency in patients with HF improved 6MWT after 3 months along with a decrease in PTH levels. However when compared with the placebo arm, treatment of VD deficiency did not influence the final outcomes.

Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Lean Mass, Muscular Strength, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] are associated with low lean mass, decreased muscle strength, and poor cardiorespiratory fitness. However, the evidence in support of the effect of vitamin D supplementation on lean mass and physical fitness is inconsistent. PURPOSE: To clarify whether there is a direct effect of a 1-year vitamin D3 supplementation on lean mass, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy adults. METHODS: Ninety-five participants (34 men) randomly received either 420 IU vitamin D3 per day or placebo in a double-blind manner for 1-year. Lean body mass and fat mass were determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Hand grip strength (HGS) was measured using a hand grip dynamometer and leg extension power (LEP) was measured using a leg extension power measurement system. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed by measuring peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) using bicycle ergometer. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using uniaxial accelerometer and quantified as time spent in moderate- and vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Serum 25(OH)D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentrations were assessed using commercial ELISA kits. RESULTS: Serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D concentrations were significantly increased by approximately 29.5nmol/L and 7.0 pg/mL, respectively, after 1-year vitamin D3 supplementation. After vitamin D3 supplementation, lean body mass was significantly increased from 43.8 kg to 44.3 kg (P<0.05), while the muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were not changed. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that vitamin D3 supplementation for one year effectively improves lean mass, but not muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy adults. Supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31571226), and Program for Professors of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning (No. TP2014057) to ZBC.

Long-term effects of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient obese children participating in an integrated weight-loss programme (a double-blind placebo-controlled study) \u2013 rationale for the study design

BackgroundObesity is associated not only with an array of metabolic disorders (e.g. insulin resistance, hiperinsulinemia, impaired tolerance of glucose, lipid disorders) but also skeletal and joint abnormalities. Recently, a pleiotropic role of vitamin D has been emphasized. Obese children frequently present with vitamin D deficiency, and greater fat mass is associated with lower serum concentration of this vitamin. Although some evidence suggests that weight loss may affect vitamin D status, this issue has not been studied extensively thus far. The aim of a double-blind placebo-controlled study is to assess long-term health effects of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient obese children participating in an integrated weight-loss programme.MethodsA randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analysing the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation in overweight or obese vitamin D deficient (<30 ng/ml) children participating in an integrated weight-loss programme. Children are randomized to receive either vitamin D (1200 IU) or placebo for 26 weeks. Primary endpoints include changes in BMI (body mass index), body composition and bone mineral density at the end of the study period, and secondary endpoints – the changes in laboratory parameter reflecting liver and kidney function (transaminases, creatinine) and glucose homeostasis (glucose and insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance test).DiscussionThe effects of vitamin D supplementation in obese individuals, especially children, subjected to a weight-loss program are still poorly understood. Considering physiological processes associated with puberty and adolescent growth, we speculate that supplementation may enhance weight reduction and prevent bone loss in obese children deficient in this vitamin.Trial registrationNCT 02828228; Trial registration date: 8 Jun 2016; Registered in: ClinicalTrials.gov. The trial was registered retrospectively.

Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Hispanics with Type 2 Diabetes

SignificanceSerum vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and elevated blood pressure are important health concerns especially among Hispanics. Additionally, Hispanics are at high risk for type 2 diabetes. Available evidence from observational studies indicated that low 25‐hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with elevated blood pressure. However, studies have found contradictory relationship between vitamin D3 supplementation and blood pressure.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation at 6000 IU/day on systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels in Hispanics with type 2 diabetes and hypovitaminosis D [25(OH)D &lt; 30 ng/mL].MethodsParticipants (n=22) were recruited from two clinics in Miami‐Dade County, FL, US (Borinquen Health Care Center and Clinical Care Medical Center). Twenty milliliters of venous blood (at least 8 hours fasting) was collected from each participant by a certified phlebotomist using standard laboratory methods. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined using a commercial ELISA kit from Immunodiagnostic Systems Limited (Scottsdale, AZ, USA). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured twice in a sitting position using a calibrated arm‐cuff automatic blood pressure monitor. Average of the two readings was used for analysis. Participants were given 6000 IU/day of vitamin D3 supplementation for 6 months. All data analyses were conducted on an “intent to treat” basis. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and one‐way repeated‐measures ANOVA.ResultsAdjusted repeated measures ANOVA determined that mean systolic blood pressure levels differed statistically significantly between time points (F(1.611) = 4.883), p&lt;0.015). Post‐hoc test using Bonferroni correction indicated that vitamin D3 supplementation at 6000 IU/day significantly reduced mean systolic blood pressure levels from baseline (146.6 ± 18.4) to 3 months (137.0 ± 16.2, p=0.026) and statistically greater reduction was observed at 6 months (133.6 ± 17.8, p=0.014). Diastolic blood pressure levels did not change significantly over time.ConclusionVitamin D3 supplementation at 6000 IU/day significantly decreased systolic blood pressure levels in Hispanics with type 2 diabetes. Improving blood pressure levels with supplementation of vitamin D3 may prevent/delay future complications associated with cardiovascular disease and disease progression of type 2 diabetes. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these results in this and other racial/ethnic groups.

Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in reducing incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and mortality among HIV-infected Tanzanian adults initiating antiretroviral therapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundHIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa continue to experience high rates of morbidity and mortality during the initial months of treatment. Observational studies in high-income and resource-limited settings indicate that HIV-infected adults with low vitamin D levels may be at increased risk of mortality, HIV disease progression, and incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). As a result, vitamin D3 supplementation may improve survival and treatment outcomes for HIV-infected adults initiating ART.Methods/DesignThe Trial of Vitamins-4 (ToV4) is an individually randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation conducted among 4000 HIV-infected adults with low vitamin D levels [25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <30 ng/mL] initiating ART in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The two primary aims of the trial are to determine the effect of a vitamin D3 supplementation regimen on incidence of (1) mortality and (2) pulmonary TB as compared to a matching placebo regimen. The primary safety outcome of the study is incident hypercalcemia. The investigational vitamin D3 regimen consists of oral supplements containing 50,000 IU vitamin D3 taken under direct observation at randomization and once a week for 3 weeks (four doses) followed by daily oral supplements containing 2000 IU vitamin D3 taken at home from the fourth week until trial discharge at 1 year post ART initiation. Trial participants are followed up at weekly clinic visits during the first month of ART and at monthly clinic visits thereafter until trial discharge at 1 year post ART initiation. Secondary aims of the trial are to examine the effect of the vitamin D3 regimen on CD4 T cell reconstitution, incidence of non-TB comorbidities, body mass index (BMI), depression and anxiety, physical activity, bone health, and immunologic biomarkers.DiscussionThe ToV4 will provide causal evidence on the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on incidence of pulmonary TB and mortality among HIV-infected Tanzanian adults initiating ART. The trial will also give insight to whether vitamin D3 supplementation trials for the prevention of pulmonary TB should be pursued in HIV-uninfected populations.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01798680. Registered on 21 February 2013.

Effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on serum and urinary vitamin D metabolites and binding protein in HIV-infected youth

Vitamin D insufficiency is widespread in HIV-infected patients. HIV and/or antiretroviral therapy (ART), particularly efavirenz (EFV), may interfere with vitamin D metabolism. However, few data from randomized, controlled trials exist. Here, we investigate changes in vitamin D metabolites and binding protein (VDBP) after 6 months of supplementation in a randomized, active-control, double-blind trial investigating 2 different monthly cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) doses [60,000 (medium) or 120,000 (high) IU/month] vs. a control arm of 18,000 IU/month in 8-25year old HIV-infected youth on ART with HIV-1 RNA <1000 copies/mL and baseline 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) ≤30ng/mL. A matched healthy uninfected group was enrolled in a similar parallel study for comparison. Changes after 6 months were analyzed as intent-to-treat within/between groups [control group (low dose) vs. combined supplementation doses (medium+high)]. At 6 months, 55% vs. 82% of subjects in control and supplementation groups, respectively, reached 25(OH)D3 ≥30ng/mL (P=0.01) with no difference between medium and high doses (both 82% ≥30ng/mL). There were few differences for those on EFV vs. no-EFV, except serum VDBP decreased in EFV-treated subjects (both within- and between-groups P≤0.01). There were no significant differences between the HIV-infected vs. healthy uninfected groups. The major finding of the present study is that cholecalciferol supplementation (60,000 or 120,000 IU/month) effectively raises serum 25(OH)D3 in the majority of HIV-infected subjects, regardless of EFV use. Notably, response to supplementation was similar to that of uninfected subjects.

Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation to 25(OH)D, IL-17, and HbA1c Level in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is the consequence of autoimmune destruction process of β cells which associated with Th17 activity and low 25(OH)D level. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation toward 25(OH)D level, Th17 activity (IL-17) and glycemic control (HbA1c) in pediatric T1DM. This study was designed as randomized clinical trials (RCT), double-blind, pre and post-test controlled study. Subject was children with T1DM who were divided into two groups: K1: subjects were treated with insulin 0.5–2 IU/day + vitamin D3 2000 IU/day for 3 months, K2: subjects were treated with insulin 0.5–2 IU/day + placebo for 3 months. Levels of 25(OH)D, IL-17 and HbA1c were evaluated after 3 months treatment using ELISA. After 3 months treatment, results showed that 25(OH)D level was significantly higher in K1 compared with K2 (p = 0.00), IL-17 level was significantly lower K1 compared with K2 (p= 0.022). Surprisingly, HbA1c level in K1 was not significantly different with K2 (p = 0.93). Furthermore, in vitamin D-treated group, 25(OH)D level was elevated significantly after 3 months treatment with vitamin D (p = 0.00), IL-17 level was reduced significantly after 3 months treatment with vitamin D (p= 0.001) and HbA1c level was reduced insignificantly after 3 months treatment with vitamin D (p= 0.76). Correlation study showed that there was no correlation between 25(OH)D level with IL-17 level (p= 0.160, r= -0.284) and 25(OH)D with HbA1c (p= 0.62, r= -0.10). This study can be conclude that vitamin D3 supplementation may elevate the 25(OH)D and reduce IL-17 level but did not change HbA1c level in pediatric T1DM.

Vitamin D Improves Selected Metabolic Parameters but Not Neuropsychological or Quality of Life Indices in OSA: A Pilot Study.

Our group and others have reported a high rate of vitamin D deficiency in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), where vitamin D levels (25(OH) D) correlate negatively with OSA severity and some of its associated metabolic alterations. Data regarding vitamin D supplementation in OSA are lacking. We wanted to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on OSA symptoms and metabolic parameters. We conducted a pilot, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of daily supplementation with 4,000 IU vitamin D3 (D3) or placebo (PL). We studied 19 Caucasian adults (14 male, mean age 55 y, mean body mass index [BMI] 30.4 kg/m2) with OSA. Fifteen patients were stable on continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) therapy, whereas four were CPAP naïve. Assessments were completed at baseline and after 15 weeks of supplementation. Outcomes included sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), quality of life (Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Inventory), fatigue (fatigue severity scale) and neuropsychological function (trail making test and Connor's Continuous Performance Test II). In addition, we assessed biochemical indices of vitamin D status (25(OH)D, calcium), inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2), lipids (total cholesterol [low-density and high-density lipoprotein]) and glycemic indices (fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance test). There was no change in BMI, medication, or CPAP usage. Although there was no change in neuropsychological or quality of life indices, we observed a significant increase in 25(OH)D (p = 0.00001) and significant decreases in both low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.04) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (p = 0.037) as well as trends toward decreased fasting glucose (p = 0.09) and increased high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.07) in the D3 group compared to PL. Vitamin D3 supplementation increased vitamin D levels and decreased metabolic markers compared to placebo. Larger trials are required.

Vitamin D Modulates Hematological Parameters and Cell Migration into Peritoneal and Pulmonary Cavities in Alloxan-Diabetic Mice.

Background/Aims. The effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on the course of diabetes in humans and animals need to be better understood. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of short-term cholecalciferol supplementation on biochemical and hematological parameters in mice. Methods. Male diabetic (alloxan, 60 mg/kg i.v., 10 days) and nondiabetic mice were supplemented with cholecalciferol for seven days. The following parameters were determined: serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, phosphorus, calcium, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, red blood cell count, white blood cell count (WBC), hematocrit, hemoglobin, differential cell counts of peritoneal lavage (PeL), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and morphological analysis of lung, kidney, and liver tissues. Results. Relative to controls, cholecalciferol supplementation increased serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell counts and decreased leukocyte cell counts of PeL and BAL fluids in diabetic mice. Diabetic mice that were not treated with cholecalciferol had lower serum calcium and albumin levels and hemoglobin, WBC, and mononuclear blood cell counts and higher serum creatinine and urea levels than controls. Conclusion. Our results suggest that cholecalciferol supplementation improves the hematological parameters and reduces leukocyte migration into the PeL and BAL lavage of diabetic mice.

Vitamin D, cell death pathways, and tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces cellular necrosis that could promote spread of infection. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of Vitamin D3 supplementation to improve the effectiveness of 2nd-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug therapy, especially in relation with cell death pathways. Mus musculus C3HeB/FeJ was randomly divided into four groups containing eight animals each. The 1st group (G1), consisting of mice that were intratracheally infected with multidrug-resistant strain of M. tuberculosis and sacrificed on 2-week postinfection to confirm successful infection. (G2) was a group of TB mice without therapy. Then, (G3) was a group of mice with the 2nd-line anti-TB therapy. The last group (G4) was a group of mice receiving not only the 2nd-line anti-TB therapy but also daily oral Vitamin D3 supplementation. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure expression of nuclear Vitamin D receptor, apoptosis marker cleaved caspase-3, cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) and LC3B autophagy markers, necrosis marker RIPK3, and collagenase matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1). The number of bacteria in the lung was calculated by colony forming units. The partial least square structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3.2.6 software was used to analyze structural models among the variables. Supplementation of Vitamin D3 on the 2nd-line anti-TB therapy increases Vitamin D3 receptor, CRAMP, LC3B, caspase-3 (P = 0.026, P = 0.000, P= 0.001), presses MMP1, and the number of bacteria (P = 0.010 and P= 0.000, respectively). The structural equation modeling analysis shows that increasing autophagy pathways reduces necrosis by lowering MMP1, whereas apoptosis reduces necrosis by decreasing the number of bacteria (each with indirect effects - 0.543 and - 0.544). A comprehensive analysis with the partial least square structural equation modeling shows decreasing necrosis requires increasing autophagy and apoptosis.

Vitamin D Receptor Genotype, Vitamin D3 Supplementation, and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas

Despite epidemiological and preclinical evidence suggesting that vitamin D and calcium inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis, daily supplementation with these nutrients for 3 to 5 years was not found to significantly reduce the risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas in a recent randomized clinical trial. To investigate whether common variants in 7 vitamin D and calcium pathway genes (VDR, GC, DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and CASR) modify the effects of vitamin D3 or calcium supplementation on colorectal adenoma recurrence. We examined 41 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 2259 participants in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 11 clinical centers in the United States. Eligibility criteria included a recently diagnosed adenoma and no remaining colorectal polyps after complete colonoscopy. The study's treatment phase ended on August 31, 2013, and the analysis for the present study took place from July 28, 2014, to October 19, 2016. Daily oral supplementation with vitamin D3 (1000 IU) or calcium carbonate (1200 mg elemental calcium) or both or neither. The outcomes assessed were the occurrence of 1 or more adenomas or advanced adenomas (estimated diameter, ≥1 cm; or with villous histologic findings, high-grade dysplasia, or cancer) during follow-up. Treatment effects and genotype associations and interactions were estimated as adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The effective number of independent SNPs was calculated to correct for multiple testing. Among the 2259 participants randomized, 1702 were non-Hispanic whites who completed the trial and had genotype data for analysis (1101 men; mean [SD] age 58.1 [6.8] years). The effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on advanced adenomas, but not on adenoma risk overall, significantly varied according to genotype at 2 VDR SNPs (rs7968585 and rs731236) in linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.98; r2 = 0.6). For rs7968585, among individuals with the AA genotype (26%), vitamin D3 supplementation reduced risk by 64% (RR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.19-0.69; P = .002; absolute risk decreased from 14.4% to 5.1%). Among individuals with 1 or 2 G alleles (74%), vitamin D3 supplementation increased risk by 41% (RR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.99-2.00; P = .05; absolute risk increased from 7.7% to 11.1%; P < .001 for interaction). There were no significant interactions of genotypes with calcium supplementation. Our findings suggest that benefits from vitamin D3 supplementation for the prevention of advanced colorectal adenomas may vary according to vitamin D receptor genotype. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00153816.

Vitamin D3 Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation Improves Vitamin D Status of the Mother–Infant Dyad

To identify the combined effect of prenatal and postnatal vitamin D3 supplementation on the vitamin D status of pregnant and lactating women and their exclusively breastfed infants. Double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Upper Midwestern U.S., hospital-based obstetric practice. Pregnant women (N= 13) planning to exclusively breastfeed were randomized at 24 to 28weeks gestation to receive vitamin D3 at a dosage of 400 IU (control group, n= 6) or 3,800 IU (intervention group, n= 7) daily through 4 to 6weeks postpartum. Vitamin D status was determined at enrollment and in mother-infant dyads at 24 to 72 hours after birth and 4 to 6weeks postpartum. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured to determine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the vitamin D status of mothers and infants. Analysis of covariance was used to compare differences in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between the control and intervention groups. The mothers' vitamin D levels were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at birth (p= .044) and at 4 to 6weeks postpartum (p= .002). Infants in the intervention group had significantly higher vitamin D levels at birth (p= .021) and nonsignificant, clinically relevant increases at 4 to 6weeks of age (p= .256). No differences were found between maternal groups in serum calcium or parathyroid hormone levels. Prenatal to postpartum vitamin D3 supplementation is an effective intervention to increase a mother's vitamin D status and to promote optimal vitamin D status in newborns and exclusively breastfed infants.

Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Respiratory Tract Infections in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ObjectiveVitamin D supplementation may be a simple preventive measure against respiratory tract infections (RTIs) but evidence from randomized controlled trials is inconclusive. We aimed to systematically summarize results from interventions studying the protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on clinical and laboratory confirmed RTIs in healthy adults and children.MethodsMedline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL were screened from inception until present (last updated in January 2016) completed by a search of the grey literature, clinical trial registers and conference abstracts. We included randomized trials comparing vitamin D versus placebo or no treatment. Two independent reviewers were responsible for study selection and data extraction. Cochrane’s risk of bias tool and the GRADE approach were used for quality assessment. Estimates were pooled with random-effects models. Heterogeneity was explored by sub-group and meta-regression analyses.ResultsOf 2627 original hits, 15 trials including 7053 individuals were ultimately eligible. All used oral cholecalciferol. We found a 6% risk reduction with vitamin D3 supplementation on clinical RTIs, but the result was not statistically significant (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.00). Heterogeneity was large (I-square 57%) and overall study quality was low. There were too few studies to reliably assess a potential risk reduction of laboratory confirmed RTI. Evidence was insufficient to demonstrate an association between vitamin D supplementation and risk of clinical RTI in sub-groups with vitamin D deficiency.ConclusionsIn previously healthy individuals vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the risk of clinical RTIs. However, this conclusion is based on a meta-analysis where the included studies differed with respect to population, baseline vitamin D levels and study length. This needs to be considered when interpreting the results. Future trials should focus on vitamin D deficient individuals and apply more objective and standardized outcome measurements.

A randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation on perinatal depression: in Iranian pregnant mothers.

BackgroundMood disorders in pregnancy and post-partum period are common and considered as a public health issue. Researchers have studied the relationship between low serum vitamin D concentration and perinatal depression, although no clinical trial has been conducted on vitamin D’s effects on depression related to childbirth. This study evaluated the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on perinatal depression scores.MethodsThis randomized clinical trial was done in pregnant women who were under prenatal care in a teaching hospital in Shiraz, Iran. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years or older, no history of mental illness and internal diseases, a singleton live fetus, without any pregnancy complications, gestational age of 26–28 weeks upon enrollment, and depression score of 0 to 13. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale was used to evaluate depression scores. A total of 169 participants were assigned to the two groups of placebo and vitamin D through block randomization design. Vitamin D group received 2000 IU vitamin D3 daily from 26 to 28 weeks of gestation until childbirth. Maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured at baseline and childbirth. Besides, depression scores were evaluated four times: at 26–28 and 38–40 weeks of gestation, and finally at 4 and 8 weeks after birth.ResultsThe two groups were similar in relation to baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. However, at childbirth, the vitamin D group had significantly higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001). At baseline, no correlation was observed between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and depression score (r = 0.13, p = 0.09). There was no significant difference between the two study groups in relation to the baseline depression score. While, the vitamin D group had greater reduction in depression scores than the control group at 38–40 weeks of gestation (p = 0.01) also, at 4 and 8 weeks after birth (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe present trial showed that consuming 2000 IU vitamin D3 daily during late pregnancy was effective in decreasing perinatal depression levels. We suggest further clinical trial in pregnant mothers who are at risk for postnatal depression.Trial registrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2015020310327N11. Date of registration: March 9th 2015.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-016-1024-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Acute Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength in Judoka Athletes

Indoor athletes have been shown to be prone to vitamin D3 deficiency. The aim of the study was to examine the acute effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function using isokinetic dynamometry. Randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Institutional. Adult male white national level judoka athletes (n = 22) who were involved in full-time training. Exclusion criteria were vitamin supplementation, overseas travel to sunny climes, and/or an injury incurred during the last 3 months before testing. Subjects were randomly allocated to the treatment (150 000IU vitamin D3) or placebo and given blinded supplements by an independent researcher. Participants were tested twice, 8 days apart, on a Monday morning before the start of judo training and after 2 days of rest. A 5 to 7 mL of blood sample was collected followed by isokinetic concentric quadriceps and hamstring muscle function assessments on the right leg at 30 and 200°·s. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze isokinetic muscle force and serum 25(OH)D3. Regression to the mean was used to examine changes in 25(OH)D3 levels over the study period. The treatment group demonstrated a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D levels (34%, P ≤ 0.001) and muscle strength (13%, P = 0.01) between days 1 and 8. No significant differences were found for the placebo group for the same period. A single bolus of 150 000IU vitamin D3 had a significant positive effect on serum 25(OH)D levels and muscle function in vitamin D insufficient elite indoor athletes. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels of indoor athletes should be monitored throughout the year and especially during winter months. Beneficial responses, in muscle strength and serum 25(OH)D3, to 1 dose of vitamin D3 supplementation can be observed within 1 week of ingestion. Muscle strength is linked to serum 25(OH)D levels.

YI-10 - Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on metal and redox homeostasis in hormone treated prostate cancer patients

YI-10 - Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on metal and redox homeostasis in hormone treated prostate cancer patients