Effect Of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Research Articles

The potential of saponin from Jamaica’s Blighia sapida (ackee) as a substitute for sodium lauryl sulphate in toothpaste

Discovering novel means of protection from harmful substances in toothpaste is essential due to its mass production, and frequent exposure to its ingredients by consumers. This method of safeguarding through discovery demonstrates toothpaste safety, which is at risk of being stifled by other commercial priorities. Among the ingredients in toothpaste that cause adverse effects is sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). An understanding of this source and its effects therefore allows for investigating preventative strategies through the use of safer alternatives. Saponin, a naturally occurring chemical in several plant species was discovered to be an alternative compound that may parallel the effects of sodium lauryl sulphate, yet exude less ill effects. This article highlights the benefits of saponin and its presence in a heavily consumed and exported fruit in Jamaica (ackee, Blighia sapida). The possibility of extracting saponin from ackee, and its use in the toothpaste industry as an alternative to sodium lauryl sulphate are discussed. Through consideration of this alternative, the potential exists to improve the safety of toothpastes and consequently improve oral health.

Limited Evidence Suggests That Patients With Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis May Benefit From Using Sodium Lauryl Sulfate-free Dentifrices

Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review. Alli BY, Erinoso OA, Olawuyi AB. J Oral Pathol Med. 2019;48(5):358-64. None. The authors declared no conflict of interest. Systematic review with meta-analysis of data from double-blind randomized controlled trials.

Red mud reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composite films: synthesis, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties

Nowadays biodegradable polymer draws much attention to the researcher compared to the petroleum-based non-biodegradable polymer due to the environmental and energy crisis. Aluminum industry waste red mud (RM) reinforced with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) organic–inorganic composite film was synthesized by sol–gel method. The effects of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as a compatibilizer on the composite were investigated. The composites were characterized by UV absorption, Fourier transforms infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX. Chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were investigated with different amount of red mud-PVA and also the comparison between them without and with SLS addition. Physical and chemical bonding in the PVA, PVA-RM, and PVA-RM-SLS were shown through FTIR spectra. SEM images exhibit excellent compatibility between PVA and RM in the composite. Degree of swelling and tensile strength were increased by 71.48% and 194.88% respectively, and again percentage of elongation at break and solubility were decreased by 98.07% and 78.07% respectively for the PVA-RM-SLS composite compared to virgin PVA. TGA thermogram reveals that PVA-RM-SLS system had more thermal stability than pure PVA. All the results showed excellent adhesion between PVA and red mud and established the effect of RM as filler and SLS as compatibilizer. This composite is suitable as packaging materials.

Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review.

The present systematic review sought to evaluate the effects of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)-free compared to SLS-containing dentifrices on (Recurrent) aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in patients with this condition. Cochrane, Medline (PubMed) and Embase databases, and some trial registries were searched through December 2017. There was no language, nor publication year restrictions. We included double-blinded randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of dentifrices with and without SLS on RAS in humans. Data extraction was compliant with PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. PROSPERO 2018:CRD42018086001. Four trials were included in this review (all crossover studies; n=124 participants) and two contributed to the main meta-analysis based on the random-effect model. SLS-free dentifrice, when compared to SLS-containing statistically significantly, reduced the number of ulcers, duration of ulcer, number of episodes, and ulcer pain. Sensitivity analysis of the four studies as parallel-group trials shows a consistent direction of effect in favor of SLS-free dentifrice usage. In conclusion, the qualitative and quantitative synthesis of the eligible trials for this review showed that use of SLS-free consistently reduced all four parameters of ulcers measured. The available evidence suggests that patients with RAS may benefit from using SLS-free dentifrices for their daily oral care. However, future well-designed trials are still required to strengthen the current body of evidence.

Effect of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) on Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts in an In Vitro Wound Healing Model.

Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a surfactant used to decrease the surface tension of water. Most commercially available dentifrices contain 0.5-2.0% SLS. This study investigated the potential effect of SLS on oral wound healing using primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). HGFs cells were grown in12-well culture plates in DMEM medium. A 3 mm wound was created on confluent HGFs. The cells were challenged with 0 (the control group), 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, or 0.05% SLS-containing media once daily for 2 minutes. The cells were stained on day 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8. The percent of wound fill area was measured. On day 2, 4, 6, and 8, the wound fill of the control group (0% SLS) was 15, 35, 67 and 98%, respectively; at 0.01% SLS, it was 10, 20, 65 and 84%; at 0.02%, it was 7, 10, 15 and 25%; at 0.03% SLS, it was only 5% and 8% on day 2 and 4. Our results showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibition on HGFs wound fill by SLS; however, future in vivo studies are needed to validate if our in vitro findings using SLS-free dentifrices to avoid the potential delay of wound healing.

Irritating effects of sodium lauryl sulfate on human primary keratinocytes at subtoxic levels of exposure.

Chemical agents that can potentially cause skin irritation are typically tested in animal models or in vitro assays of cell viability or cytokine expression. However, these methods do not always provide translatable results and are not sufficiently sensitive for subtoxicity detection. Here, we introduce the mechanical properties of keratinocytes as novel endpoints for the safety assessment of chemical agents at the subtoxicity level. Human primary keratinocytes were treated with various concentrations of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and their biological properties (proliferation, membrane integrity, inflammatory response, and morphology) were observed. Their biomechanical and geometrical parameters (stiffness and surface roughness) were also investigated by atomic force microscopy. Keratinocyte morphophysiological changes and inflammatory responses were significant at ≥25 μM SLS. The keratinocytes became less stiff due to changes in the distribution of F-actin filaments and α-tubulin; these changes were significant even at lower doses of SLS (≤10 μM). The morphophysiological changes of keratinocytes were clearly seen at a relatively high dose of SLS, while the mechanical properties of keratinocytes responded linearly to SLS at lower doses. Therefore, changes in mechanical properties can be used as new endpoints for in vitro toxicity testing with keratinocytes.

SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE EFFECTS ON ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF POSITIVE ACTIVE MATERIAL AND COMMERCIAL POSITIVE PLATES IN LEAD-ACID BATTERY

Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant used in many applications such as cleaning and hygiene products, electroplating, etc. For the first time, effects of SLS as an electroyte additive on electrochemical behavior of positive active material and commercial positive plates have been studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), eletrochemical impedance measurements. The electrode surface morphology after 20 cycles of CV was studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that SLS additive significantly improves the conversion reactions of positive active material and therefore enhances charge/discharge capacity. By increasing SLS concentrate, crystalline structure of positive active material changed. The effects of SLS on kinetic parameters of positive electrode reactions are also discussed in this paper. The results showed that SLS is promising for use as electrolyte additive for lead- acid batteries.

Effects of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on Co-electrodeposition of Nickel and Fly Ash Particles

Effects of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on Co-electrodeposition of Nickel and Fly Ash Particles

Assessing the effect of sodium lauryl sulphate on the performance of e-tongue sensors

Assessing the effect of sodium lauryl sulphate on the performance of e-tongue sensors

Optimization of RGD-modified Nano-liposomes Encapsulating Eptifibatide

Eptifibatide (Integrilin) is an intravenous (IV) peptide drug that selectively inhibits ligand binding to the platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor. It is an efficient peptide drug, however has a short half-life. Therefore, antithrombotic agents like eptifibatide are required to become improved with a protected and targeted delivery system such as using nano-liposomes to the site of thrombus. The goal in the present report was to optimize encapsulation efficiency of the eptifibatide into Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-modified nano-liposomes (RMNL). As well, it was intended to evaluate the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) on drug release. The effect of five independent variables including number of freeze/thawing cycles, concentration of eptifibatide, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), cholesterol, and dipalmitoyl-GRGDSPA peptide on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE) was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of different concentrations of SLS on encapsulation and drug release from RMNL was also investigated. The size and morphology of RMNL were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The maximum DEE (38%) was obtained with 7 freeze/thawing cycles, 3.65 mmoL eptifibatide, 7 mM DSPC, 3 mM cholesterol, and 1 mM dipalmitoyl- GRGDSPA peptide. SLS has significantly increased the drug release from RMNL, although its effect on encapsulation efficiency was not significant. The optimization of the formulations for valuable and expensive peptide drugs is essential to have the maximum encapsulation efficiency and the minimum experiments.

Effect of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin mRNA and Protein Expression in Human Keratinocytes In Vitro.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a Th2/Th22 polarization. The prevalence of AD increased over the last few decades (DaVeiga, 2012). It is noted that the prevalence of AD is associated with the modern environment, especially with the industrialization development (Hoffjan and Epplen, 2005). Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has been found to have roles in AD (Soumelis et al., 2002). More recently, it was reported that injury in stratum corneum by topical sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) could induce TSLP expression (Angelova-Fischer et al., 2010). Environmental factors may also induce TSLP expression, and TSLP is considered as a mediator linking environmental stimuli and host response (Takai, 2012).

Oral Fluoride Levels 1 h after Use of a Sodium Fluoride Rinse: Effect of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

Increasing the concentration of free fluoride in oral fluids is an important goal in the use of topical fluoride agents. Although sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a common dentifrice ingredient, the influence of this ion on plaque fluid and salivary fluid fluoride has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of SLS on these parameters and to examine the effect of this ion on total (or whole) plaque fluoride, an important source of plaque fluid fluoride after a sufficient interval following fluoride administration, and on total salivary fluoride, a parameter often used as a surrogate measure of salivary fluid fluoride. Ten subjects accumulated plaque for 48 h before rinsing with a 12 mmol/l NaF (228 µg/g F) rinse containing or not containing 0.5% (w/w) SLS. SLS had no statistically significant effect on total plaque and total saliva fluoride but significantly increased salivary fluid and plaque fluid fluoride (by 147 and 205%, respectively). These results suggest that the nonfluoride components of topical agents can be manipulated to improve the fluoride release characteristics from oral fluoride reservoirs and that statistically significant change may be observed in plaque fluid and salivary fluid fluoride concentrations that may not be observed in total plaque and total saliva fluoride concentrations.

Shape-controlled synthesis of gold–nickel bimetallic nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic properties

Gold–nickel (Au–Ni) bimetallic nanoparticles in various forms of clustered globular, polyhedral, platelet and prickly nanoparticles were synthesized. The effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and the halide anions on the shape of the Au–Ni nanoparticles were systematically investigated. By testing the electrocatalytic performances of differently shaped Au–Ni nanoparticles under methanol and ethanol oxidation conditions, the optimum shape for catalysis was suggested.

Effect of solubility enhancers on the release of Carbamazepine from Hydrophilic Polymer based matrix tablet

In the present study, an attempt has been taken to evaluate the effect of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and glyceryl mono stearate (GMS) as solubility enhancers on the release profile of a poorly soluble drug, carbamazepine. Matrix tablets of carbamazepine were prepared by wet granulation technique using hydrophilic polymers (10% of Methocel K15 MCR and 10% of Methocel K100LV CR) as release controlling agents. Varying amounts of SLS and GMS were used in six different formulations to observe the impact on the release rate and mechanism of drug release. The dissolution study of carbamazepine from these extended release matrix tablets was conducted for 24 hours using basket method in 900 ml distilled water as dissolution medium. The data obtained from the dissolution studies were explored and explained with the help of zero order, Higuchi, first order, Korsmeyer- Peppas and Hixson-Crowell equations. It was found that the dissolution rate of carbamazepine with the formulation containing SLS was higher than GMS containing formulation and increased concentration of SLS increasing the release rate. Where there was no SLS or smaller amount of SLS or GMS release rate was decreased. Formulation having equal ratio of SLS and GMS did not show the desire release profile. The drug release mechanism followed mainly super case II transport. These results clearly demonstrated that the dissolution rate, extent and mechanism of carbamazepine release could be changed by optimizing the amount of SLS and GMS in the tablet formulation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v13i2.21894 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(2): 167-173, 2014 (December)

Impact of surfactants on the crystal growth of amorphous celecoxib

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of surfactants on the rate of crystal growth of amorphous celecoxib, both in the presence and absence of a polymer. Celecoxib is a poorly water-soluble non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Such compounds may be formulated as amorphous solid dispersions to improve bioavailability, and solid dispersions can contain both a surfactant and a polymer. While the impact of polymers on crystal growth rates has been studied, the effect of surfactants is largely unexplored. Herein, the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sucrose palmitate and d-α tocopherol polyethylenglycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) at a 10% (w/w) concentration on the crystal growth rate of celecoxib was investigated. Linear crystal growth rates as a function of temperature (70-120 °C) were measured using optical microscopy. The mixtures were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the surfactants increase the crystal growth rate of amorphous celecoxib. However, addition of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) helped to mitigate the increase in growth rates, although the ternary systems were highly complex. Thus it is clear that the impact of a surfactant on the physical stability of an amorphous solid dispersion should be considered during formulation.

Comparative efficacy of toothpastescontaining sodium lauryl sulfate and lecithin

In the article the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate, and lecithin on the enamel of the tooth and the comparative analysis of efficiency of use of toothpaste with lecithin and other components similar to toothpaste with sodium lauryl sulfate, which is significantly more efficient pasta with lecithin. In addition to significant improvements in dental index, pasta with lecithin showed bleaching properties of the enamel of the tooth and the ability to gradually remove tartar.

<em>In-vitro</em> Release Study of Carvedilol Phosphate Matrix Tablets Prepared with Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of two molecular weight grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on the release characteristics of carvedilol phosphate matrix tablets. Methods: Matrix tablets containing carvedilol phosphate were prepared from 27 formulations in three batch series coded A, B and C, each containing 9 formulations. Each batch incorporated different ratios of two molecular weight grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel ® K4M CR and K15M CR) used as release retarding agents. Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101), starch (Sta-Rx 1500) and lactose monohydrate were used as diluents in the formulations while the effect of sodium lauryl sulphate (wetting agent) was studied for some of the formulations. The tablets were characterized for carvedilol phosphate release in both simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. The data were subjected to different models in order to determine their release kinetics and mechanisms. Results: All the batches released more than 50 % of their carvedilol content in 12 h when Methocel ® K4M CR and K15M CR constituted 18 % and 15 % of the matrix, respectively. Avicel ® PH 101 decreased while Starch 1500 and lactose monohydrate increased drug release. Drug release mechanism was predominantly diffusion. Conclusion: By using varying combinations of two molecular weight grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the matrix, controlled or sustained release carvedilol tablets of varying release characteristics can be prepared.

The influence of surfactants and hydrolyzed proteins on keratinocytes viability and elasticity

The knowledge how surfactants and hydrolyzed proteins influence the elastic properties of living epidermal keratinocytes is sparse. We demonstrate that the stiffness of cells measured by atomic force microscope (AFM) can be correlated with viability test. The effects of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and hydrolyzed collagen (HK) of molecular weight 9 kDa were examined with respect to human keratinocytes viability and elasticity. MTT assay was applied to determine the survival fraction of keratinocytes treated with SLS and HK solutions of various molar ratios. The AFM measurements of the keratinocytes stiffness were carried out immediately after the exposure of cells to the SLS and HK, respectively. The increase of the SLS concentration resulted in the decrease of cells proliferation and this effect was inhibited by addition of HK. The strongest inhibition was observed for the SLS:HK molar ratio equals to 2:1. AFM study shows decrease in the cell stiffness for cells treated with SLS. Fluorescence microscopy reveals remodeling of actin filaments of SLS-treated cells. SLS:HK mixture treatment results in mechanical stiffness close to untreated cells. These results provide possible correlations between mechanical properties and viability of keratinocytes when the chemical stress occurs.

Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial

To compare the effects of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-free and SLS-containing dentifrice in patient with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The design of this study was a double-blind crossover trial. The 90 subjects were divided into three groups: group I used SLS-free (a commercially available SLS-free dentifrice) and SLS-A (SLS-free + 1.5% SLS), group II used SLS-A and SLS-B (a commercially available 1.5% SLS-containing dentifrice), and group III used SLS-free and SLS-B. The subjects used one of the two assigned dentifrices for 8 weeks and then the other for the following 8 weeks. The order of the dentifrices used was selected at random, and there was a 2-week washout period between the two phases. The clinical parameters (number of ulcers, number of episodes, duration of ulcers, mean pain score) were compared between the two phases for each group. The number of ulcers and episodes did not differ significantly between SLS-A, SLS-B, and SLS-free. Only duration of ulcers and mean pain score was significantly decreased during the period using SLS-free. Although SLS-free did not reduce the number of ulcers and episodes, it affected the ulcer-healing process and reduces pain in daily lives in patients with RAS.

To evaluate the effect of addition of an anionic surfactant on solid dispersion using model drug indomethacin

Formation of solid dispersion also known as high energy solids is one of the most successful concepts to improve dissolution profile of poorly water-soluble drugs. Use of surfactants in formulation is one of the methods to increase solubility profile. In this research, we have used model drug, a weak acid (indomethacin) together with polymer (PVP) and anionic surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)) in different concentrations to study the effect of incorporation of SLS in solid dispersion. Three ratios and control were prepared. Physical characterization was performed using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) measurements were conducted to see the effect of SLS on dissolution media. Dissolution studies were performed in hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 1.2 buffer), purified water and phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), respectively. Interestingly, depending upon addition of SLS into the system, release profiles were changed. SLS incorporated internally in a solid dispersion gave the highest release.