Effect Of Servant Leadership Research Articles

The Effect of Servant Leadership and Motivation on Employee Performance: The Mediating of Work Engagement

This research aims to determine the influence of Servant Leadership and Work Motivation on Employee Performance with Work Engagement as an Intervening Variable. The subjects of this research were 52 employees of the Trans Central Java Bus under the auspices of PT Mulia Orda Serasi. The author uses quantitative methods in this research where data is obtained through questionnaires. The data analysis that has been carried out shows that: (1) Servant leadership has a positive and insignificant influence on the performance of Trans Central Java bus employees. (2) Work motivation has a positive and significant influence on the performance of Trans Central Java bus employees. (3) Servant leadership has a positive and significant influence on the work engagement of Trans Central Java bus employees. (4) Work motivation has a positive and significant influence on the work engagement of Trans Central Java bus employees. (5) Work engagement has a positive and significant influence on the performance of Trans Central Java bus employees. (6) Work engagement can mediate the influence of servant leadership on the performance of Trans Central Java bus employees. (7) Work engagement 0can mediate the influence of work motivation on the performance of Trans Central Java bus employees.

“It's all about trust!” a multilevel model of the effect of servant leadership on firefighters' group task performance, adaptivity and emotional exhaustion

AbstractHow and why does servant leaders' behavior influence both performance (individual and collective) and emotional exhaustion within dynamic and extreme environments such as those of firefighters? We develop and test a multilevel model that integrates the principles of servant leadership with social exchange theory to explore how servant leadership positively influences collective task performance and how it strengthens adaptivity at the individual level and reduces emotional exhaustion. Our four‐wave and three‐source study sample comprised 303 firefighters nested in 45 fire stations. The results of multilevel structural equation model (MSEM) analyses indicate that at the individual level, servant leadership significantly predicts high adaptivity and low emotional exhaustion through the mediating influence of firefighters' felt trust and the trust climate. The implications of our results for theory and practice are discussed.

Impact of Servant Leadership, Self-Efficacy and Work Stress on Teachers’ Performance at Christian School

This study aims to analyze the effect of servant leadership, self-efficacy, and work stress on teachers’ performance. Aside from that, the study will also investigate if work stress can mediate the effect of servant leadership and self-efficacy on teachers’ performance. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach, to confirm relationships between the variables. This is done by using a 36-person sample and a questionnaire modified from a number of other research. Data was collected by giving questionnaires to the teachers of a Christian High School and Middle School in Bandung. Then, the data was processed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling, by testing the validity and reliability first, and then testing the hypothesis. The result of this research shows that servant leadership has a positive effect on performance, although not significant. Meanwhile, self-efficacy has significant positive effect on performance. Work stress can affect performance negatively, although it wasn’t found to be significant in this study. For the mediation effect, work stress can mediate the positive effect of servant leadership and self-efficacy on performance, but not significantly. So in order to maintain or increase the quality of school, teachers need to have high self-efficacy level, and the school can help with that by mentoring and coaching, or other methods.

The Role of Servant Leadership, School Culture and Supervision System on Teacher Performance Mediated by Teacher Competence and Moderated by Good Scholl Governance

The research is an observational study aiming to test a model in which the effect of servant leadership as exogenous constructs; school culture and supervision system will affect teacher performance by mediating factor: competency, with oversight moderation variable. If anything, the need for leadership consistency and governance models which described by Inceoglu et al launched differs greatly according to institution of higher education executing research (Indonesian educational context) because how various cultural norms operate in relation to one another impacts teacher efficacy. This study uses a sample that involves different types of schools within Indonesia and applies Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for the data analysis with focus on measurement properties as well correlations among variables. Results indicate that while effective supervision and governance, servant leadership as well as organizational culture contributes significantly to teaching performance at school; the combination of these elements are needed in nurturing a high-performing education system. Importantly, provision of effective leadership and governance at all levels of the system for ensuring optimum teacher effectiveness is strongly accorded here by this research. Further research is encouraged to investigate these trends and their influence on teacher performance over time using longitudinal methods.

The Influence Of Servant Leadership And Intrinsic Motivation On The Performance Of Employees Of The Inamosol Sub-District Office, Western Seram District

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of servant leadership, intrinsic motivation, and employee performance at the Inamosol Sub-District Office, West Seram Regency. The research approach that will be used in this research is a quantitative approach. In this study, the population in this study were all employees of the Inamosol Sub-District Head of West Seram Regency totaling 34 people, where the entire population was used as a research sample using the saturated sample method, the sample used was 34 people. The data were analyzed using the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, hypothesis testing and the coefficient of determination test. Data processing using SPSS software The results showed that servant leadership, intrinsic motivation had a significant and positive effect on employee performance at the Inamosol Sub-District Office, West Seram Regency.

Effect of servant leadership on lecturers’ attitudinal and behavioral loyalty in Nigeria: conservation of resource theory perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to draw from the conservation of resources (COR) theory and investigate two separate models termed Model A and Model B. Model A examines the mediating role of life satisfaction (LS) on the relationship between servant leadership (SL) and lecturers’ attitudinal loyalty (AL) and behavioral loyalty (BL). Model B examines the sequential mediating role of LS and AL on the link between SL and BL.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a cross-sectional survey from 247 public university lecturers which were analyzed through SPSS, structural equation model (AMOS 23), and PROCESS Macro v4.0.FindingsStudy findings revealed that LS fully and partially mediates the relationships between SL and lecturers’ AL and BL, respectively. Furthermore, LS and AL sequentially mediate the relationship between SL and BL.Practical implicationsThe study provides insight to university management into how their selfless and caring behavior can contribute to lecturers' retention. As such, university management should provide an environment that fosters a culture of selfless and caring leadership behavior.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the theoretical development of SL by explicating the mechanism that links SL and positive outcomes in the workplace. The major contribution lies in exploring the mediating role of LS on the link between SL and lecturers’ AL and BL on one hand and the sequential mediating role of LS and AL on the link between SL and BL on the other hand in a context characterized by high-power distance.

The effect of servant leadership on organizational citizenship behavior in the South Korean Police: the mediating roles of psychological empowerment and organizational commitment

PurposeThis study explored the relationship between servant leadership (SL) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) from the perspective of South Korean Police officers. We also investigated the mediating roles of psychological empowerment (PE) and organizational commitment (OC).Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors analyzed 439 survey responses from South Korean Police officers. The mediation model was tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results showed that SL had a significantly positive influence on OCB among South Korean Police. Moreover, PE and OC partially mediated the relationship between SL and OCB. Officers who perceive their leader as a servant leader are more likely to have a positive perception of OCB. These findings show that PE is a more efficient mediator than OC.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the generalization of knowledge by empirically testing the relationship between SL and OCB in the South Korean Police. The results show that SL theory can be applied to the Korean Police. By capturing the specific characteristics of the Korean Police, such as the powerful effect of PE, this study supports leadership contingency theory.

The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction in the Effect of Servant Leadership on Employee Performance: A Research on Saving Finance Sector

Purpose –The purpose of this article is to analyze the mediating role of job satisfaction in the effect of servant leadership on employee performance. Design/Methodology/Approach –The population of the research consists of 7000 employees who work in savings finance sector and live in Istanbul. The sample of the study which has a correlational quantitative design was selected by the "simple random" method. A 5-point and 7-point Likert-type survey was applied to the employees. The survey consists of a demographic part and three scales: Servant leadership scale, Job satisfaction scale, Employee performance scale. Data collected from 502 employees were analyzed through SPSS 26, AMOS 26, and PROCESS MACRO statistical programs. In the study, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity methods and mediator variable analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings –Servant leadership was found to have a direct significant effect on employee performance. The results of the analysis supports that servant leadership has a positive effect on job satisfaction and job satisfaction plays a mediating role in increasing employee performance.Discussion –It was concluded that the characteristics of servant leaders such as focusing on team members, trying to understand their needs, and providing support will positively affect the performance of employees by increasing their job satisfaction.

The Effects of Servant Leadership, Occupational Commitment, and Work Engagement on Creativity of Teacher

This study identifies the influence of servant leadership on teacher creativity. We considered occupational commitment and work engagement as sequential mediators in the relationship between servant leadership and teacher creativity. This current study uses surveys by distributing questionnaires to teachers at the "X" education foundation in one of the cities in East Java. Hypothesis testing uses partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Our study shows that servant leadership does not directly enhance teacher creativity but rather through occupational commitment and work engagement. This finding contributed to the understanding that servant leadership influences teacher creativity through the sequential mediation of occupational commitment and work engagement. As an implication, the "X" educational foundation needs to choose principals who are able to act as servant leaders. In order to effectively increase teacher creativity, servant leaders must provide support and opportunities for teachers that will boost their commitment to their work. Teachers with high occupational commitment will be more engaged with their work, allowing them to become more creative. In addition, various employee management activities, such as training, recognition, and selecting effective school principals, are needed to increase teachers' commitment, engagement, and creativity.

Pengaruh Servant Leadership Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Organizational Citizenship has a positive impact on organizational effectiveness. One factor that can effect OCB is servant leadership, namely a leadership style that focuses on serving team members. Job satisfaction acts as a intervening variable in this research, where job satisfaction is a variable that bridges the effect of servant leadership on OCB. This research aims to analyze and explain the effect of servant leadership on OCB with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. By using a quantitative approach, this research is expected to provide insight into how servant leadership can encourage OCB behavior by increasing employee job satisfaction. This research was conducted on employees of the CV operational division. Bali Harmoni Bali Zoo, with a total sample of 75 employees obtained using the saturated sampling method. Data collection was carried out by interviews and distributing questionnaires. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of the analysis show that 1) servant leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee OCB, 2) servant leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction, 3) job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee OCB, 4) job satisfaction mediates the effect of servant leadership on Employee OCB. The implications of this research theoretically support the findings of previous research through the perspective of social exchange theory. The practical Behavior is extra-role behavior carried out voluntarily by employees and implications of this research provide a policy reference for organizational leaders and management to increase employee OCB through servant leadership and job satisfaction.

A Multi-Level Investigation of the Effect of Servant Leadership on Proactivity in a Team Context

A Multi-Level Investigation of the Effect of Servant Leadership on Proactivity in a Team Context

Crossover Effects of Servant Leadership on Employee Spouses: The Social Mindfulness Lens

Crossover Effects of Servant Leadership on Employee Spouses: The Social Mindfulness Lens

The moderating role of servant leadership in the relationship between organizational structure and performance in fashion retailing

PurposeThis study aims to reveal how the organizational structure (vertical integration vs. franchising) of 308 stores in a Spanish fashion retail franchise chain affects their performance measured through two key performance indicators commonly used in this industry, namely, labor productivity and service quality ratings. We also appraise the moderating role played by the servant leadership of franchisees and managers of company-owned outlets to explore its influence on the relationship between organizational structure and store performance.Design/methodology/approachWe have used multivariate analyses to study the research questions, with a panel dataset of quarterly store-level data for the period January–December 2022.FindingsVertically-integrated stores record lower labor productivity than franchised ones. This impact is lower in stores run by individuals high in servant leadership than in those run by individuals low in it. Franchised outlets also record lower ratings in service quality than vertically-integrated stores, and this negative impact is weaker in stores run by individuals high in servant leadership.Originality/valueNothing has thus far been published on the moderating effect of servant leadership in the relationship between the organizational structure of different stores and their outcomes in franchise systems.

SERVANT LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEES’ KNOWLEDGE HIDING BEHAVIOR: TESTING MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY

The fundamental objective of this study was to assess the effect of servant leadership on nurses' tendency to conceal knowledge in the context of a selected healthcare institution in Erzincan, Turkey. In order to evaluate the research hypotheses, we used a convenient sampling technique and collected data at two different time intervals from relevant sources. The initial data collection phase yielded a final sample of 400 valid and complete responses from nurses, which we subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 25. Our findings exposed a important relationship between servant leadership and knowledge withholding behaviour among nurses. Furthermore, the variable of self-efficacy emerged as a partial mediator between servant leadership and knowledge-hiding tendencies. This research donates to the understanding of knowledge-hiding behaviour, a critical component of knowledge management, through the lens of servant leadership, drawing on insights from both social exchange and leader-member exchange (LMX) theories

Exploring the Moderating Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Relationship between Servant Leadership and Employee Performance with Employee Engagement as the Mediator

Objectives: The objective of this research is to explore the moderating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on employee performance. Servant leadership is a leadership style that prioritizes serving others and promoting their well-being. It has been found to have positive outcomes such as employee engagement, organizational citizenship behavior, and employee performance.Methodology: The method used in this research is the quantitative research, with a population consisting of female employees. The sample comprised 310 female employees who were led by female leaders, and selected using simple random sampling. To explore the relationships among variables and incorporate mediating and moderating effects in the model, SEM-PLS was employed.Finding: Interestingly, when considering OCB as a moderating variable, different results were observed for direct and indirect effects. The indirect effect revealed that OCB had a positive and significant moderating effect on the relationship between servant leadership and employee performance, suggesting that OCB enhanced this relationship. Conclusion: However, when examining the direct effect of servant leadership on employee performance while moderated by OCB, a significant but negative association between these variables suggests weakened relationships. This finding suggested that OCB played a significant role in moderating the relationship between Servant Leadership and Employee Performance, emphasizing the need to recognize OCB as an essential factor in comprehending the impact of servant leadership on employee performance.

Strategies for Improving Contextual Performance in Government Employees: Analyzing Effects of Servant Leadership, Person-Environment Fit, and Emotional Intelligence

Contextual performance refers to employee contributions and primary duties. These include support, initiative, and active participation. This study discusses the effect of servant leadership and person-environment fit on improving employee contextual performance through emotional intelligence in government. 124 employees were research samples based on purposive sampling. This research uses Structural Equation equation model (SEM) with quantitative methods. The results stated that servant leadership is significant on emotional intelligence, person environment is significant on emotional intelligence, servant leadership is insignificant on contextual performance, person environment is significant on contextual performance, and emotional intelligence is significant on contextual performance. This indicates that emotional intelligence has an important role in improving employees' contextual performance, while servant leadership does not directly affect contextual performance. The implication of this research is the importance of developing emotional intelligence and person-environment fit in government organizations to improve employee performance.

The mediation effect of trust and justice on the relationship between servant leadership and employee job satisfaction: an empirical findings from private universities in Kuwait

PurposeHigher education institutions now place a greater emphasis on servant leadership, organizational trust, and justice. This study evaluates the function of organizational and leader trust and justice in mediating the relationship between employee job satisfaction and servant leadership in Kuwait's private universities.Design/methodology/approachEmployees from two private higher education sectors in Kuwait provided 205 valid responses to the study's closed-ended survey, which was given to 240 workers. The job satisfaction and servant leadership, leader's trust and justice and servant leadership, leader's trust and justice and job satisfaction, and the mediating effect of trust and justice on the relationship between servant leadership and job satisfaction among employees in Kuwait's private universities—all four variables—were examined using the simple random procedure method. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.FindingsThe findings provide evidence supporting the positive effects of servant leadership on employee job satisfaction. Moreover, it provided evidence supporting the positive relationship between servant leadership and organizational trust and justice. The findings also showed a positive correlation between organizational trust and justice and job satisfaction among staff members working in Kuwait's private higher education sector. Additionally, the results provided a partial mediation effect of organizational trust and justice on the relationship between servant leadership and employee job satisfaction.Originality/valueEmployee job satisfaction, performance, engagement, and outcomes within Kuwait's private higher education sector are significantly improved by the adoption of a servant leadership style, together with organizational and leader’s trust and justice. The findings demonstrate the significance of the servant leadership style in this industry's leadership habits for raising worker job satisfaction.

Expanding service beyond the organizational boundaries: moderated mediated model of servant leadership to affect employees’ community citizenship behavior

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand how servant leadership affects employees’ community citizenship behavior by transforming their servant identity. Additionally, the study explicated whether the relationship between servant leadership and employees’ servant identity is contingent on leader–follower value congruence.Design/methodology/approachFor this study data was collected from 468 employees working in the service industry in three waves which were undertaken with a lag of one month. The collected data was analyzed through structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results revealed that servant leadership is related to employees’ servant identity. The findings also substantiated the relationship between employees’ servant identity and their community citizenship behavior. The mediating role of servant identity linking servant leadership to employees’ community citizenship behavior was confirmed. Finally, leader–follower value congruence was found to moderate the relationship between servant leadership and employees’ servant identity.Originality/valueThe study is the first to ascertain the mediating role of servant identity linking servant leadership to employees’ community citizenship behavior. It is also the first study to ascertain that the effect of servant leadership on employees’ servant identity is contingent upon leader–follower value congruence.

Modeling cynicism and organizational design on job performance: Mediation and moderation mechanism

Modern organizations assert that cynicism and organizational design provide advantages for knowledge-intensive settings. However, organizational crises may lead to resource shortages, prompting increased knowledge hiding (KH) among workers for competitive edge. Therefore, current study aims to examine the influence of organizational design and cynicism on job performance with organizational justice and KH through the moderating effect of servant leadership. Convenience sampling technique was used for data collection from 730 manufacturing organization employees via a survey questionnaire and data were analyzed with AMOS (28.0). Findings showed that KH's behavior negatively influenced by organizational design and positively influenced by cynicism. The current study also validates that higher management needs to practice advanced organizational justice to improve performance that drastically generates justice practices and reduces KH within the firms. Moreover, deploying servant leadership helps to control the cynicism, and employees start practicing knowledge-sharing behavior that significantly contributes to the performance.

Target similarity and gender difference: Effects of servant leadership on supervisory commitment and supervisory citizenship behavior

PurposeThis study applies the target similarity model to examine the effects of servant leadership on supervisor commitment and supervisor citizenship behavior. The mediating role of supervisory commitment is explored to determine the relationship between servant leadership and supervisor citizenship behavior. The difference in supervisor gender is examined in the linkage between servant leadership and supervisory commitment.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected through a survey of 478 salespeople in the retail industry. Structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques were used to verify the hypotheses of this study.FindingsThe findings showed significant support for the direct and indirect effects of servant leadership on supervisor commitment and supervisor citizenship behavior. Furthermore, the positive relationship between servant leadership and supervisory commitment was stronger among female supervisors than male supervisors.Originality/valueDue to the scarcity of studies conducted on the linkages of servant leadership, supervisory commitment and supervisory citizenship behavior, this study theoretically and empirically contributes to the leadership literature as it is the first study to investigate these direct and indirect relationships. Similarly, this study examined gender differences in servant leadership to fill the gap in the research field.