Effect Of Regular Participation Research Articles

Random forests for the analysis of matched case–control studies

BackgroundConditional logistic regression trees have been proposed as a flexible alternative to the standard method of conditional logistic regression for the analysis of matched case–control studies. While they allow to avoid the strict assumption of linearity and automatically incorporate interactions, conditional logistic regression trees may suffer from a relatively high variability. Further machine learning methods for the analysis of matched case–control studies are missing because conventional machine learning methods cannot handle the matched structure of the data.ResultsA random forest method for the analysis of matched case–control studies based on conditional logistic regression trees is proposed, which overcomes the issue of high variability. It provides an accurate estimation of exposure effects while being more flexible in the functional form of covariate effects. The efficacy of the method is illustrated in a simulation study and within an application to real-world data from a matched case–control study on the effect of regular participation in cervical cancer screening on the development of cervical cancer.ConclusionsThe proposed random forest method is a promising add-on to the toolbox for the analysis of matched case–control studies and addresses the need for machine-learning methods in this field. It provides a more flexible approach compared to the standard method of conditional logistic regression, but also compared to conditional logistic regression trees. It allows for non-linearity and the automatic inclusion of interaction effects and is suitable both for exploratory and explanatory analyses.

The effects of regular participation in visual art classes on mature adults

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중학생의 규칙적인 신체활동 참가가 인지기능에 미치는 영향

본 연구는 규칙적인 신체활동 참가가 중학생의 인지기능에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고 비참가자와 차이를 검증함으로써 규칙적인 신체활동의 교육적 의의를 탐색하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 대상자는 D광역시 G중학교 2학년 학생을 대상으로 연구의 취지에 동의한 규칙적인 신체활동 참가자 20명과 비참가자 19명으로 구분하여 인지기능 차이를 검증하였다. 연구결과 인지강도와 집중력에서 규칙적인 신체활동 참가자 그룹이 비참가자 그룹보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났고, 정보를 처리하는 과정에서 발생하는 두뇌스트레스에서는 규칙적 신체활동 참가자 그룹이 비참가자 그룹보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 결론적으로 청소년기 규칙적인 신체활동의 참가는 신체건강뿐만 아니라 두뇌를 활성화시켜 뇌에서 정보를 받아들이고 분별하고 문제를 해결하는 등의 전체적인 인지기능을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Effects of Regular Recreational Exercise Training on Serum ANGPTL3-Like Protein and Lipid Profile in Young Healthy Adults.

Evidence of the role of ANGPTL3, a liver-secreted glycoprotein, in serum lipid turnover, led us to hypothesize that this protein may be involved in modification of the lipid profile induced by exercise-training. Given the lack of data regarding this issue, the main goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of regular participation in a recreational physical activity program on serum ANGPTL3 and selected lipid profile measures in young, apparently healthy female and male adults. We compared serum ANGPTL3, lipid profile measures, common lipid ratios, the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and glucose in fasting blood samples derived from 22 active physical education students including active females (AF, N=6) and males (AM, N=16) with samples from 28 relatively sedentary age-matched peers, including female (SF, N=9) and male (SM, N=19) individuals not involved in any regular physical conditioning program. Despite high inter-individual variability of serum ANGPTL3, there was a general tendency toward higher serum ANGPTL3 and HDL-C in women compared to men, but without significant differences related to their physical activity status. Based on both routine lipid profile measures and lipid ratios, all participants had normal lipid profiles, normal glycemia, as well as favorable anthropometric indices not suggesting increased cardiometabolic risk. However, lower levels of the TG/HDL-C ratio and AIP in physically active compared to relatively sedentary participants, reflecting the predominance of large, buoyant LDL particles, strongly support the view of beneficial health-promoting effects of regular participation in recreational sport activities.