Effects Of Media Exposure Research Articles

A longitudinal Study on the Effect of Media Exposure on Travel Intention during Public Health Crises

A longitudinal Study on the Effect of Media Exposure on Travel Intention during Public Health Crises

Sustainability Report Quality: Effect of Media Exposure, Stakeholder Pressure, Audit Committee

Sustainability Report Quality: Effect of Media Exposure, Stakeholder Pressure, Audit Committee

Effect of Media Exposure and Related Factors on Antenatal Care Visits Among Pregnant Women in Bangladesh: A Study Based on BDHS 2017-18 Data

Providing antenatal care (ANC) to expectant mothers is the primary method of reducing maternal morbidity and death. The objectives of ANC are to monitor and preserve the health and safety of both the mother and the fetus, identify any pregnancy issues and take appropriate action, address the concerns of the mother, get her ready for delivery, and encourage mothers to adopt healthy habits. The goal of this research is to investigate the determinants associated with Bangladeshi women's ANC. Data were obtained from the BDHS for the 2017–18 year, and 4,920 married women of reproductive age (15–49 years) were selected as participants from 18,895 married women. The data was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression as well as descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The main outcome of this study found that 48.4% of respondents received 4 or more ANC visits. The ANC contacts were correlated with factors such as media exposure, division, maternal age, women's education, husband's education, and wealth index. The primary educated women were 0.312 times (p<0.002) less likely to receive 4 or more ANC, compared to higher educated women, and women who don’t access to media, 0.464 times (p<0.000) less likely to engage in 4 or more ANC visits compared to media access. The results of this investigation demonstrate a substantial correlation between media exposure and ANC visits, as well as a noteworthy rise in appropriate ANC visits among expectant mothers with increased media exposure.

Crafting Entrepreneurial Pet Brands: Unravelling the Influence of Media Exposure on COVID-19 Anxiety through the Lens of Pet Attachment

This study aims to investigate the impact of media exposure regarding COVID-19 on anxiety with the mediating role of risk perception and the moderating role of pet attachment. The target population of the study is pet owners in major cities of Pakistan. The results concluded that media exposure has a significant and positive impact on risk perception, and risk perception has a significant and positive impact on anxiety. Furthermore, pet attachment plays a moderating role between media exposure and risk perception, and there is a partial mediation effect of risk perception between media exposure and anxiety. The study suggests that pet attachment must be considered as a solution to reduce risk perception caused by media exposure to COVID-19. The effect of media exposure regarding COVID-19 on anxiety has not been widely studied in Pakistan, nor has the mediating role of risk perception and the moderating role of pet attachment; therefore, this study is a contribution towards filling this gap. The goal of the study is to find out how business owners in the pet sector strategically mold their brands and deal with the difficulties posed by the COVID-19 environment. It also explores how media exposure affects people's anxiety levels throughout the epidemic, with a focus on how people's attachment to their pets mediates this effect. When examining and interpreting the emotional and psychological components of people's reactions to COVID-19-related media messages in the context of their relationships with their pets, the lens of pet attachment offers a distinctive viewpoint. For future studies, the impact of media exposure on anxiety may be examined across various cities in Pakistan, with larger sample sizes. Managerial implications are discussed.

The Effect of Media Exposure on Coulrophobia Symptoms

The Effect of Media Exposure on Coulrophobia Symptoms

Psychological Distress Trends and Effect of Media Exposure Among Community Residents After the Seoul Halloween Crowd Crush.

It is unclear how exposure to and perception of community trauma creates a mental health burden. This study aimed to examine the psychological distress trends among community residents in acute stress reaction, acute stress disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder phases following the Seoul Halloween crowd crush. A three-wave repeated cross-sectional survey was conducted with participants after the incident. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with post hoc Bonferroni test was adopted to examine temporal changes in psychological distress and psychological outcomes resulting from media impacts. A two-way ANCOVA was adopted to examine the interaction effects of time and relevance to victims on psychological distress. A total of 807, 1,703, and 2,220 individuals participated in the three waves. Anxiety (estimated mean [standard error of the mean]: 2.28 [0.03] vs. 2.12 [0.02] vs. 2.03 [0.02]; P < 0.001), depression (2.22 [0.03] vs. 2.01 [0.02] vs. 1.90 [0.02]; P < 0.001), and anger (2.70 [0.03] vs. 2.66 [0.02] vs. 2.49 [0.02]; P < 0.001) gradually improved. However, sense of safety initially worsened and did not recover well (2.96 [0.03] vs. 2.75 [0.02] vs. 2.77 [0.02]; P < 0.001). The interaction effect of time and relevance to the victim were significant in depression (P for interaction = 0.049), anger (P for interaction = 0.016), and sense of safety (P for interaction = 0.004). Among participants unrelated to the victim, those exposed to graphics exhibited higher levels of anxiety (2.09 [0.02] vs. 1.87 [0.07]; P = 0.002), depression (1.99 [0.02] vs. 1.83 [0.07]; P = 0.020), and anger (2.71 [0.03] vs. 2.47 [0.08]; P = 0.003) at W2 and higher anger (2.49 [0.02] vs. 2.31 [0.06]; P = 0.005) at W3. Community residents indirectly exposed to trauma also experienced psychological distress in the early stages after the incident. A significant impact of media which might have served as a conduit for unfiltered graphics and rumors was also indicated.

The effect of media exposure, type of companies, and environmental performance on carbon emission disclosure of Indonesia companies

The effect of media exposure, type of companies, and environmental performance on carbon emission disclosure of Indonesia companies

The Effect of Media Exposure, Environmental Performance, and ISO 14001 Certification on Carbon Emission Disclosure

Climate change is increasingly having a negative impact on people’s lives as well as the environment. Various diseases related to ambient air pollution are increasingly becoming the cause of death. Natural disasters also occur frequently, causing huge losses. Greenhouse gas emissions, often called carbon emissions, are one of the biggest causes of climate change. This research aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of media exposure, environmental performance, and ISO 14001 certification on carbon emission disclosure. Research data were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website, the PROPER Secretariat website of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in the Republic of Indonesia, and corporate media covering nonfinancial companies (energy, industry, basic materials, transportation and logistics). The research sample selection used purposive sampling, resulting in 95 unbalanced data for three years (2019-2021). This research uses panel data regression analysis to examine the effect of media exposure, environmental performance, and ISO 14001 certification on carbon emission disclosure. The results showed that media exposure and environmental performance positively affect carbon emission disclosure. Meanwhile, ISO 14001 certification has no effect on carbon emission disclosure.

Effect of Media Exposure on Social Development in Children.

The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in children, who show problems in social development, is increasing rapidly. If children watch media at an early age, they lose the time to interact with their parents and will not be able to play creatively, which can have a negative impact on social development. This study was performed to evaluate the association of media exposure with social developmental delay. The sample consisted of 96 patients with social developmental delay who visited the developmental disorder clinic from July 2013 to April 2019. The control group included 101 children who visited our developmental clinic with normal developmental screening test results during the same period. The data were collected using self-reported questionnaires with questions regarding media exposure time, content, background media or foreground media, the age of first exposure, and media exposure with or without parents. In regard to media exposure time, 63.5% of the social developmental delay patients were exposed to media for more than 2 hours a day compared to 18.8% of the control group (P < .001, [OR] = 8.12). In the risk factor analysis of media exposure on social development, male gender, media exposure before 2 years of age, exposure for more than 2 hours, and exposure alone without parents were statistically significant. Media exposure was a significant risk factor for social developmental delay.

Effect of Media Exposure on Women Utilization of Family Planning Methods and their Attitude during COVID 19 Pandemic

Effect of Media Exposure on Women Utilization of Family Planning Methods and their Attitude during COVID 19 Pandemic

Determinan Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the factors that affect corporate social responsibility disclosure. This research determines whether there is an effect of media exposure, taxes aggressiveness, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, independent board, the board size, and profitability on corporate social responsibility disclosure. The objects of this research are manufacturing firms listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the research period 2018-2020. The samples are chosen by using purposive sampling methods. There are 42 companies that met the criteria used in this research. The research model is analyzed by using multiple regression. Corporate social responsibility disclosure as the dependent variable using the 78-items index provided by Sembiring (2005). The result of this research shows that independent board and board size have a positive effect on corporate social responsibility disclosure. The presence of the board of commissioners in the company can increase the power of supervision to be able to provide pressure/encouragement to management in improving the quality of disclosure of company information and ensuring that CSR activities are carried out by the company.

Keeping Employees Safe During Health Crises: The Effects of Media Exposure, HR Practices, and Age.

Occupational health and safety are critical in promoting the wellness of organizations and employees. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most life-threatening viruses encountered in recent history, providing a unique opportunity for research to examine factors that drive employee safety behavior. Drawing from terror management theory, we propose and test a moderated mediation model using data collected from employees working during a peak of the pandemic. We identify two sources of influence — one external (i.e., media exposure), and one internal (i.e., HR practices) to the organization — that shape employees’ mortality salience and safety behaviors. We find that COVID-19 HR practices significantly moderate the relationship between daily COVID-19 media exposure and mortality salience, with media exposure positively associated with mortality salience at lower levels of HR practices but its effects substituted by higher levels of HR practices. Moreover, our results also show that mortality salience spurs safety behaviors, with age moderating this relationship such that younger — but not older — employees are more likely to engage in safety behaviors due to mortality salience. Taken together, we offer theoretical implications for the safety behavior literature and practical implications for organizations faced with health crises or having employees who commonly work in hazardous conditions.

Do We Know Politicians’ True Selves From the Media? Exploring the Relationship Between Political Media Exposure and Perceived Political Authenticity

Authenticity is an increasingly important factor in citizens’ evaluations of political candidates and their voting decisions. As citizens value political authenticity, politicians attempt to appear true to themselves in the public eye. However, little research has examined how these perceptions of politicians as more or less authentic are constructed. This study examines how citizens form perceptions of politicians’ authenticity and particularly sheds light on the relationship between political media exposure and perceived political authenticity. Drawing on the literature on performed authenticity in social media, personalized media coverage, and information processing, we examine the effects of exposure to political information in different media on perceptions of political authenticity and its subdimensions. Results from an online quota survey in Germany ( N = 1,210) show that differences in perceived political authenticity are not simply determined by citizens’ political attitudes but can also be explained by their frequency of exposure to political information in different media types. When citizens use private TV news, political accounts on social media, and follow candidate profiles, they perceive politicians as more authentic. Our analyses also suggest that some effects of media exposure on perceived political authenticity are conditioned by citizens’ party identification and their tendency to select ideologically congruent political information.

The Effect of Media Exposure on Visual Discrimination Ability of Elementary School Children Age

The Effect of Media Exposure on Visual Discrimination Ability of Elementary School Children Age

To Be (Vaccinated) or Not to Be: The Effect of Media Exposure, Institutional Trust, and Incentives on Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccination.

The COVID-19 vaccine has become a strategic vehicle for reducing the spread of the pandemic. However, the uptake of the vaccine by the public is more complicated than simply making it available. Based on social learning theory, this study examines the role of communication sources and institutional trust as barriers and incentives as motivators of people’s attitudes toward vaccination and actual vaccination. Data were collected via an online panel survey among Israelis aged 18–55 and then analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings show that social media trust negatively mediates the effect of exposure to information on the vaccine on attitudes toward vaccination. However, mass media trust and institutional trust positively mediate this relationship. Incentives were effective motivators for forming positive attitudes and moderating the effect of institutional trust on attitude toward vaccination. This study facilitates a deeper understanding of health communication theory in pandemics and makes important recommendations for practitioners and policy makers.

Association between media exposure and family planning in Myanmar and Philippines: evidence from nationally representative survey data

BackgroundAlthough women in South Asia and South-east Asia have developed their knowledge regarding modern contraceptive and other family planning techniques, limited information exists on the influence of mass media exposure on the utilization of contraceptives and family planning. The current study examined the association between media exposure and family planning in Myanmar and Philippines.MethodsThe study analyzed data from the 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) and 2015–16 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS). Three family planning indicators were considered in this study (i.e., contraceptive use, demand satisfied regarding family planning and unmet need for family planning). A binary logistic regression model was fitted to see the effect of media exposure on each family planning indicator in the presence of covariates such as age group, residence, education level, partner education level, socio-economic status, number of living children, age at first marriage, and working status.ResultsThe prevalence of contraception use was 57.2% in the Philippines and 55.7% in Myanmar. The prevalence of demand satisfied regarding family planning was 70.5 and 67.1% in the Philippines and Myanmar respectively. Unmet need regarding family planning was 16.6% and 19.9% in the Philippines and Myanmar respectively. After adjusting for the covariates, the results showed that women who were exposed to media were more likely to use contraception in Philippines (aOR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.42–3.54) and Myanmar (aOR 1.39, 95% CI = 1.15–1.67). Media exposure also had a significant positive effect on demand satisfaction regarding family planning in the Philippines (aOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.42–3.37) and Myanmar (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.09–1.64). However, there was no significant association between media exposure and unmet need in both countries.ConclusionsThe study established a strong association between mass media exposure and the use and demand satisfaction for family planning among married and cohabiting women in Philippines and Myanmar. Using mass media exposure (e.g., local radio, television- electronic; newspapers) to increase both access and usage of contraceptives as well as other family planning methods in these countries could be pivotal towards the attainment of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) of improving maternal health.

Keep Calm and Stay Safe: The Relationship between Anxiety and Other Psychological Factors, Media Exposure and Compliance with COVID-19 Regulations.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led many countries to employ public health regulations to achieve behavioral change and stop the transmission of the virus. The factors influencing compliance with these regulations may differ from “classic” predictors for medical compliance. This study attempted to assess the effect of social communication and psychological factors on intention to comply. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on healthy adults living in Israel (n = 697). The survey assessed the intention to comply with the state COVID-19 regulations and explored possible correlations with demographic and psychosocial factors. Data were collected during May 2020 using a Qualtrics online survey. Data were analyzed to find correlations between anxiety, uncertainty, media exposure and other variables and the level of intention to comply as self-reported. Moderation and mediation effects were studied by an integrative model of influencing factors. We found that media exposure change, trust in responsible agencies and anxiety were positively correlated with compliance, while uncertainty was correlated with noncompliance. The effect of media exposure on compliance had two components. First, media exposure was positively correlated with compliance. On the other hand, media exposure was positively correlated with uncertainty, and uncertainty was negatively correlated with compliance. Interestingly, anxiety, which was positively correlated with media exposure, also moderated the negative correlation between uncertainty and compliance. Our results highlight the important role of uncertainty and anxiety as moderators between media exposure and compliance. To increase public compliance with COVID-19 regulations, efforts should be directed at decreasing uncertainty and anxiety.

Media exposure, perceived efficacy and positive experience as predictors of personal and social risk perceptions of mishandled vaccine in China

ABSTRACT Informed by social cognitive theory and impersonal impact hypothesis, this study examined the effects of media exposure, perceived efficacy and prior positive experience on risk perception during a risk event concerning mishandled vaccine in China. Through an online survey of 923 Internet users in China, the study explored the effect of media exposure on perceived risk in two dimensions: exposure frequency and exposure extensity, and found that exposure extensity was a significant predictor of personal risk perception, while exposure frequency had a significant effect on social risk perception. Response efficacy negatively predicted perceived social risk, while self-efficacy did not predict perceived personal risk. Prior positive experience moderated the effects of exposure extensity and self-efficacy on perceived personal risk. Prior positive experience also moderated the effects of response efficacy on perceived social risk, but did not moderate the effect of exposure frequency on perceived social risk.

Media Exposure and Acquisition Premium Evidence from Chinese Investing Companies

Acquisition deals often draw the attention of the media and the media exposure influences the decisions of stakeholders. Especially attractive in recent years are deals that Chinese companies are investing actively both within China and across the globe. How does media exposure influence the price premium of the target companies that Chinese companies acquire? Building upon the literature of economics and psychology, we develop competing hypotheses on the potential effect. In addition, we argue that the effects of media exposure are different between the Chinese companies’ domestic and international acquisition deals. The data from the recent decade’s transactions indicate that media exposure is associated with the higher premium, supporting the attention-based view. In addition, we hypothesize the effect of media exposure is larger for international deals than for domestic deals. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Media Effects in the Viewer’s Choice Era: Testing Revised Agenda-Setting and Priming Hypotheses

ABSTRACT One of the not-so-minimal effects of media exposure is the ability of the media to set the agenda for political discussion and debate, to tell voters what to think about, if not what to think. Most experimental studies of agenda-setting probably over-estimate its actual effects, however, by forcing exposure to a story on some particular topic – an especially unrealistic setting in today’s viewer’s choice media environment. We avoid this problem by exploring agenda-setting and priming in a more realistic campaign environment, a 10-wave panel study where we randomly varied the opportunity to learn particular policy stands from competing gubernatorial, House, and Senate candidates in a mock off-year election campaign. We find correlational evidence that explicit attention to stories about a particular political issue is associated with greater perceived importance of that issue, but random assignment of exposure to such stories has no causal effect on perceived importance. We find weak evidence that agenda-setting is limited to in-party partisans.