Effects Of Behavior Research Articles

The Roles of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviour, Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, Motivation, and Job Performance Among Married Private Employees

Aim – This study investigates the effect of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviour (FSSB), work-life balance, job satisfaction, motivation, and job performance among married private employees in Indonesia. Methodology – Data collection was carried out online using Goole form. This study used a sample of 206 private employees who were married and worked for at least 3 years in Indonesia. Data was analysed using Structural Equational Model (SEM) with Lisrel 8.80 software. Findings – The result showed that FSBB, job satisfaction, and motivation, have a positive effect on job performance. FSSB also has a positive effect on motivation. Work-life balance and motivation also positively influence job satisfaction. Another finding showed that work-life balance has no effect on the performance of married private employees. Based on testing the indirect relationship, there are two mediating roles whose results are significant, namely motivation mediates the relationship between FSSB on job performance. In addition, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between motivation and job performance. Limitations – This research still has some limitations that need to be improved in the future. First, the survey only focuses on private sector employees. Second, this study uses respondents who are private employees, married, but limited to a minimum working period of 3 years and a minimum education of bachelor’s degrees. Third, based on regional distribution, most of the respondents work on the island of Java, especially in the Greater Jakarta area. Fourth, the variables used in this study only focus on five variables, namely FSSB, work-life balance, motivation, job satisfaction, and performance. Originality/value – The study contributes to literature that the family-supportive supervisor behaviours can increase motivation and job performance especially for among private employees who are married. When motivation increases, it affects satisfaction and job performance. Companies can also implement a work-life balance as an effort to increase job satisfaction.

Effect of carbide refinement on high temperature erosive wear behavior of high chromium white cast iron with different titanium and carbon additions

It is known that better erosion wear resistance of high chromium (27wt.% Cr) white cast iron (HWCI) with titanium (Ti) addition can be achieved by controlling the size of M7C3 carbides. Nevertheless, it might not be directly applicable to high temperature conditions due to the more complex factors involved, especially the hot oxidation behavior. Therefore, the effect of 0-2wt.% Ti and 3-4wt.% carbon (C) addition on the high temperature erosion wear behavior of HWCI has be investigated in this research. The results show that there are TiC and M7C3 carbides precipitated in the material matrix. The size of M7C3 carbides decreases drastically as the amount of Ti increases. On the contrary, it is effectively enlarged with the addition of higher C. In addition, there is no significant difference in hardness among all specimens due to the relatively similar carbide volume fraction (CVF). The wear resistance of HWCI is improved by increasing the amount of Ti although it has a lower value as the C content increases. It means that hardness is not an important factor in evaluating the wear characteristics of HWCI at high temperatures. The worn surfaces and cross-sections show that the smaller M7C3 carbides are more likely to undergo plastic deformation rather than being directly peeled out. In addition, the effect of hot oxidation behavior was negligible because there is only a very thin oxidation layer on the worn surface. Therefore, it can be concluded that the erosive wear behavior of the material is greatly influenced by the size of M7C3, which the material with better erosive wear resistance contains finer carbides.

Exploring the impact of preservice teacher internship programs on students’ perception of the teaching profession

This study aims to analyze how the preservice teacher internship program influences students’ perception of the teaching profession by examining the variables of reaction, learning experiences, behavior, and the mediating role of results. By examining these variables, the study synthesizes findings from multiple studies and incorporates them. Using a survey conducted among students at a university in Medan, Indonesia, the study collected data electronically through the distribution of a questionnaire via Google Forms. The sample consisted of 252 students, and partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The outer models (measurement) and inner model (structural relations among latent variables) were validated and evaluated. The results indicate significant positive direct effects of reaction, learning, and behavior on results. Moreover, the results from the preservice teacher internship program have a significant positive effect on students’ perceptions. The study also reveals that results act as a partial mediator in the relationships between behavior and perception, learning and perception, and reaction and perception.

The effects of diabetes, hypertension and subsequent health control behavior on the survival of a Taiwan cohort aged over 50 years

PurposeThis study used the Taiwan Longitudinal Study in Aging from 1996 to 2011 to investigate the effects of diabetes, hypertension, and healthy living behaviors of those aged over 50 years on the survival status in Taiwan. MethodsAmong the 5,131 participants aged 50 years and above in the 1996 survey were included in this study. Cox’s proportional hazards model was used to examine the incidence of diabetes, hypertension, and related mortality risk in those aged over 50 years. ResultsAfter adjusting for age, gender, education level, diabetes, hypertension, health behavior, and leisure activity, results from the Cox model show that the elderly without diabetes have a lower mortality risk than those with diabetes. Regular exercise was associated with a lower risk of mortality. The hazard ratios of elderly with regular exercise were 0.78 (95 % CI: 0.64–0.96) for two times a week or less, 0.81 (95 % CI: 0.69–0.96) for 3–5 times a week, and 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.77–0.93) for 6 + times a week, respectively. On the other hand, leisure activity positively reduces mortality risk. For example, the hazard ratios of the elderly with watching TV and reading were 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.55–0.72) and 0.80 (95 % CI: 0.72–0.89), respectively. Moreover, smoking can increase mortality risk 23 % whether the elderly are with diabetes or hypertension or not. ConclusionsRegarding preventing and controlling chronic diseases in the future, continuously encouraging improvement in health behavior and engaging in leisure activities for the middle-aged and over should be considered essential markers.

Granger-Causal Effects of Consumer Behavior on NFT Sales

An understanding of what influences the NFT market is valuable in such a speculative space, and predictors of directional shifts in NFT sales are beneficial to NFT users and investors alike. For these reasons, research was undertaken to determine if metrics relating to consumer behavior could predict NFT market sales. To begin, a Buyer Activity Metric and a Buyer Valuation Metric were calculated using open-access data regarding the NFT market. A three-variable vector autoregression (VAR) model was then constructed using these metrics and NFT sales data. Changes in monthly NFT sales were found to be Granger-caused by changes in both the Buyer Activity Metric and the Buyer Valuation Metric. Changes in each metric were determined to precede changes in NFT sales by up to four months. The associations were also determined to be unidirectional, indicating a clear cause-and-effect style relationship. Questions about these predictive abilities were then theoretically explored.

The effect of CSR and corporate ethical behavior on implicit cost of equity: the mediating role of integrated reporting quality

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and corporate ethical behavior on implicit cost of equity (COE) using integrated reporting quality (IRQ) as a mediating variable in European companies belonging to the environmental, social and governance (ESG) index. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a panel data set of 540 European firms from the ESG index from 2013 to 2022. The data were collected from I/B/E/S and Thomson Reuters ASSET4 database and analyzed using the structural equation model to test hypotheses. Findings In the instance of ESG European firms, the findings indicate that CSR practices and corporate ethical behavior are negatively related to the COE. From the result of the Sobel test, this study indicated that IRQ has only indirect mediation on the relationship between CSR, ethical behavior of the company and implicit COE. Practical implications The findings have some policy and practical implications that may help regulators and managers in improving the COE and helping companies envision their future growth opportunities in a context where responsibility, ethics and disclosure are central to corporate valuation. Using the implicit COE is a better estimate of shareholder requirements in the context of ESG companies. Originality/value This research concentrates on ESG companies since they are more likely to contribute to environmental protection, which attracts responsible investors. Furthermore, the findings may be useful to worldwide managers and investors who use responsible practices as a criterion in their decision-making.

Adolescent Verbal Violent Behavior and Emotional Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Study

In today's world, verbal violence is a prevalent issue, especially among adolescents. Typically, the perpetrators are the victims' peers, and this can have detrimental effects on the victims, including a decrease in emotional intelligence. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between peer verbal violence and emotional intelligence in adolescents. The study utilized a cross-sectional design and involved 120 teenage boarding school students, with a sample of 92 active adolescent students selected through simple random sampling. The research instruments included a bullying questionnaire (consisting of 12 questions) adapted from Tower and an emotional intelligence self-assessment tool (comprising 20 questions) adapted from Sterret. Data analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank Test, which revealed a significant relationship (ρ value of 0.000) between peer verbal violence and emotional intelligence in adolescents. The study highlighted the adverse effects of peer verbal violent behaviour, such as hindering self-development, reducing empathy, and causing anxiety and shame, as well as potentially triggering similar violent behaviour by the perpetrator. As a result, it emphasizes the need for schools to take collaborative action to minimize violent verbal behaviour.

Effects of Rattling Behavior of K and Cd Atoms along Different Directions in Anisotropic KCdAs on Lattice Thermal Transport and Thermoelectric Properties

Effects of Rattling Behavior of K and Cd Atoms along Different Directions in Anisotropic <scp>KCdAs</scp> on Lattice Thermal Transport and Thermoelectric Properties

Fitspiration—Inspiration or threat for adolescent girls? A qualitative investigation on fitness‐related social media content and physical education

AbstractSeveral quantitative studies have shown a negative relationship between fitspiration content (appearance‐idealized pictures related to a fit and healthy lifestyle) in social media and mental health. The current study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of fitspiration users by qualitatively assessing their perception of fitspiration content and how it affects their health‐related behaviour and well‐being. A further research question was whether fitspiration as a form of public pedagogy was addressed in participants' physical education (PE) in schools. Thirteen female students from Austria who follow fitspiration content (14–19 years) were interviewed using semi‐structured interviews. Positive effects in health behaviour, such as a higher reported physical activity, exercise motivation and conscious eating (e.g., reducing junk food) were reported. However, participants further described potentially negative consequences on mental and physical health resulting from social comparisons with influencers. As none of the students reported addressing social media fitness content in PE, including or adapting a critical media pedagogy in PE should be considered to enhance awareness of the negative effects of social media but use the positive influence on health behaviour.

Effect of estrus behavior on the paint removal score of the sacral region of nulliparous Bos indicus

O objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar o comportamento do estro com o escore de remoção de tinta da região sacral (ERT) e avaliar a associação do ERT com o número de montas e comportamentos secundários do estro em fêmeas nulíparas de Bos indicus. Vinte e quatro protocolos de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) de três manejos foram implementados para investigação do objetivo do estudo. A comparação entre ERT 3 e ERT 2 revelou diferenças significativas nas variáveis ​monta recebidas, execução de monta, descanso de queixo, cheirar ou ser cheirada, lamber e ser lambida, favorecendo o grupo ERT 3 (P &lt; 0,05), indicando estro. Entretanto, a comparação entre ERT 2 e ERT 1 não resultou em diferenças significativas nas características citadas, exceto no ser cheirada (P &lt; 0,05), indicando ausência de estro para esses dois escores. O número de montas recebidas em ERT 2 e 1 foi insuficiente para apagar as marcações. Conclui-se que o ERT se mostrou um indicador eficiente da manifestação do estro. Os comportamentos de estro das vacas nulíparas na ERT 3 foram mais evidentes que os da ERT 1 e 2, e os comportamentos manifestados na ERT 1 foram semelhantes aos da ERT 2, indicando ausência de comportamento de estro. Assim, sugere-se que no futuro o ERT seja apenas dividido em duas classes.

Testing the Effect of Cue Consistency on the Past Behavior–Habit–Physical Activity Relationship

Behavior performed in the presence of consistent cues is a core element for successful habit development, with the repeated presence of consistent cues facilitating the activation of automatic responses in future. Yet, little is known about the effects of different cue types on habit. Using a two-wave prospective PLS-SEM model with a sample of 68 undergraduate students, we assessed the mediating effects of habit on the past-behavior-to-physical-activity relationship, and how the mediating effects of habit were moderated by the consistent presence of different forms of cues. Habit mediated the effects of past behavior on physical activity, with a significantly stronger mediating effect of habit in those reporting undertaking physical activity at the same time of day, doing the same activity, and in the same mood. Consistent place, people, and part of routine did not moderate the effects of habit. The results provide formative evidence for a key assertion of the habit theory that consistent contextual and internal cues are a cornerstone of habitual development and action, but they also indicate the importance of examining different forms of cues and their impact on the formation and enaction of habits as some cues may be more relevant than others.

Borderline personality disorder stigma: Examining the effects of diagnostic disclosure, behavior, and gender as sources of stigma in the general population.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Dysfunction and distress may be compounded by stigmatizing beliefs held by members of the community. There is a lack of research focusing on stigmatizing beliefs about BPD held by the general population. This study addressed this gap by examining the relationship between BPD and a variety of stigma domains in a community sample. The current study explored whether (a) stigma is more strongly related to BPD symptomatic behavior or the diagnostic label of BPD, (b) attaching a diagnosis of BPD to symptomatic behavior or nonclinical behavior influences stigma, and (c) the gender of a vignette character influences the stigmatization of BPD. A total of 295 participants read vignettes and completed questionnaires assessing stigma type and intensity. Findings from the current study suggest that stigma is higher for BPD symptomatic behavior than for the diagnosis itself. Attaching a diagnostic label of BPD to BPD symptomatic behavior did not significantly impact the resultant stigma; however, the diagnosis was found to increase stigma for nonclinical behavior. Findings concerning BPD stigma and gender are in line with broader gender stereotypes. Specifically, there was greater pity for women displaying BPD behavior, whereas there was greater anger for men displaying the same behavior. BPD symptomatic behavior vignettes depicting a man also received a higher level of dangerousness and fear. Study limitations and future directions are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

An Experimental Investigation of the Mechanism of Hygrothermal Aging and Low-Velocity Impact Performance of Resin Matrix Composites

Resin matrix composites (RCs) have better thermal and chemical stability, so they are widely used in engineering fields. In this study, the aging process and mechanism of two different types of resin-based three-dimensional four-way braided composites (H15 and S15) under different hygrothermal aging conditions were studied. The effect of aging behavior on the mechanical properties of RCs was also studied. Three different aging conditions were studied: Case I, 40 °C Soak; Case II, 70 °C Soak; and Case III, 70 °C-85% relative humidity (RH). It was found that the hygroscopic behavior of RCs in the process of moisture-heat aging conforms to Fick’s second law. Higher temperatures and humidity lead to higher water absorption. The equilibrium hygroscopic content of H15 was 1.46% (Case II), and that of S15 was 2.51% (Case II). FT-IR revealed the different hygroscopic mechanisms of H15 and S15 in terms of aging behavior. On the whole, the infiltration behavior of water molecules is mainly exhibited in the process of wet and thermal aging. At the same time, the effect of the aging process on resin matrices was observed using SEM. It was found that the aging process led to the formation of microchannels on the substrate surface of S15, and the formation of these channels was the main reason for the better moisture absorption and lower mechanical strength of S15. At the same time, this study further found that temperature and oxygen content are the core influences on post-aging strength. The LVI experiment also showed that the structural changes and deterioration effects occurring after aging reduced the strength of the studied material.

Porojen talviruokinta ja sen vaikutukset porojen käyttäytymiseen, poronhoitokäytäntöihin ja ympäristöön

This report is based on the results from a Nordic network project funded by The Nordic Joint Committee for Agricultural and Food Research (NKJ) during the years 2021-2022. This network was created to encourage further cross-border discussions about the prospects of winter feeding of reindeer. In reindeer husbandry winter feeding has increased during the last decades due to competing land use activities and climate change. Herders in Norway, Sweden and Finland have previously raised concerns about the benefits and risks associated to the increasing need of winter feeding of reindeer in all three countries. The report, published in Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi, and covers the main findings from a series of preparatory workshops within each country and a main workshop in Arvidsjaur 8-9 June 2022. During the network activities, reindeer herders, researchers and managers discussed the effects of feeding on reindeer behaviour, herding practices and the environment. The two main topics discussed at the preparatory workshops were 1) the short- and long-term effects of winter feeding on reindeer behaviour, and 2) local to large scale effects of feeding on the environment and the natural pastures. During the main workshop, discussions were held about reasons for feeding of reindeer, the preconditions of feeding in the three countries, how winter feeding is usually performed, and best practices in relation to reindeer behaviour and the environment. The work aimed at promoting knowledge exchange on winter feeding of reindeer among all participants to help find solutions and mitigation actions to avoid changes in reindeer behaviour and negative effects of feeding on reindeer, reindeer herding and the environment. The report is aimed at herders, managers, as well as other land users, authorities and policymakers to give information on what was discussed and a summary of the challenges related to winter feeding and effects on reindeer behaviour and reindeer husbandry, and the environment. Rangifer Report No 19 is the Finnish version of the report. The Swedish version has been published (Rangifer Report No 18) and reports in Norwegian and North Sámi are published as following numbers of Rangifer Report.

Modeling the dissemination of privacy information in online social networks

AbstractDriven by the rapid development of information technology, online social networks (OSNs) have experienced a fast development in recent years, allowing increasingly more people to share and spread information over OSNs. The rapid rise of OSN platforms such as Facebook and Twitter is sufficient evidence of such development. As one type of information, privacy information can also be created and disseminated over an OSN, posing a severe threat to individual privacy. This article attempts to construct a model for disseminating privacy information in OSNs and to analyze the model by simulating the dissemination process of privacy information in OSNs. First, we establish network models that exhibit the main characteristics of OSNs. Second, by considering the factors related to social relationships, especially intimacy between users and the attention of users to the privacy subject, we derive the parameters for privacy information dissemination models in OSNs. Third, based on the theory of information dissemination dynamics, we construct a model for information dissemination that conforms to the properties of privacy information. We also present some experimental results based on the constructed model and analyze the characteristics of privacy information dissemination. Fourth, we study and verify the various properties of the model through a set of experiments. The proposed model provides the opportunity to better understand the dynamics of privacy information dissemination in OSNs and the effect of user behavior on dissemination.

The effect of group behavior on the pull-out capacity of model soil nails in high plasticity clay

The effect of group behavior on the pull-out capacity of model soil nails in high plasticity clay

The cycle of violence: effects of violence experience, behavior, and attitudes on adolescents’ peer rejection networks

Previous research on adolescent peer networks has mainly focused on friendship networks and their association with violence, but very limited research is available on peer rejection networks. This lack of knowledge hinders the effectiveness of preventing peer rejection and its negative effects. Based on the theory of the cycle of violence, the present study examines the extent to which parental physical abuse experiences, aggressive behavior toward peers and acceptance of violence are related to peer rejection networks at school. Social network analysis with a stochastic actor-oriented model of longitudinal data collected from high school students (Wave 1, n = 620; Wave 2, n = 590) confirms that adolescents who frequently use aggression toward their peers are more likely to be rejected, especially if those adolescents have experienced abuse. Similarly, peers are more likely to reject adolescents with high levels of accepting violence. The results also show that aggression toward peers generally tends to decrease over time but not for adolescents who reject a larger number of students. For students who reject many peers, aggression frequency increases. From the perspective of resilience theory, peer rejection, when combined with aggression toward peers and acceptance of violence, particularly in female adolescents, creates a significant risk factor for socio-emotional development. Therefore, tackling violence attitudes, experiences and behavior in the school environment and at home is crucial in overcoming the cycle of violence.

Abstract

Background:Language ability is indicator for child development and will affect delays or damage to other systems because children's language skills also involve cognitive, motoric, psychological, emotional, and environmental abilities. Right stimulation can improve children's language development. Language stimulation can be done by the mother. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of maternal stimulation behavior on the language development of pre-school children. Methode: This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study amounted to 50 people with sampling using total sampling technique. Data analysis was processed using chi-square. Results: The results showed the correlation between knowledge and children's language development (p = 0.002), attitude and language development (p = 0.003), behavior (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Based on this analysis, it was found that there is a correlation between mother's knowledge, attitudes and behavior with language development

Determinants of Firm Value: Perspectives of Free Cash Flow, Investment Opportunities, Managerial Ownership, and Opportunistic Behavior

This study analyses the effects of free cash flow, investment opportunities, managerial ownership, and opportunistic managerial behaviour on firm value with firm size as a control variable. The research sample comprises 35 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018-2022. Data were analysed using panel data regression with a random effects model. The results show that free cash flow has no significant effect on firm value, while investment opportunities have a positive and significant impact. Managerial ownership negatively and significantly affects firm value, indicating potential agency conflicts. Opportunistic managerial behaviour also negatively and substantially affects firm value, reflecting management actions prioritising personal interests. Firm size has no significant effect on firm value. This study provides insights into the optimal management of factors such as investment opportunities, ownership structure, and managerial conduct, which are crucial to enhancing firm value and shareholder interests.

Deviant Behaviour and Students’ Academic Activities in Oyo State, Nigeria

Education remains one of the tools for the transformation of individuals and society. It is a powerful instrument of social change, which also plays a crucial role in nation-building. The rate of involvement of in-school adolescents in deviant behaviour is however of great concern to stakeholders. Indiscipline in schools has reached an alarming rate; a situation which could be traced to the home, society and the attitude of students towards schooling. The result is poor academic performance of many in-school adolescents. This study becomes necessary in the light of anti-social deviant behaviours among in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of deviant behaviour on academic activities and identify the strategies for managing deviant behaviour among in-school adolescents using Oyo State, Nigeria, as a case study. The findings show that there was a significant relationship between deviant behaviours and students’ academic activities. There was also a common consensus of high incidences of physical, verbal, and academic related deviant behaviours. Results of the study revealed three factors- parent, society and school- that contribute to deviant behaviour. To address the effect of deviant behaviour affecting the educational system in Nigeria therefore, the study identified administrative advancement, parental influence/control as well as counselling as measures that government, parent and other stakeholders can adopt to improve educational outcomes.