Effect Of Amine Structure Research Articles

The effect of amine structure on complexation with lasalocid in model membrane systems. II. Ionophore selectivity for amines in lipid bilayers and at oil/water interfaces

The ionophore antibiotic X-537A (lasalocid) transports biogenic amines across biological and artificial membranes. The major portion of amine flux (greater than 99%) occurs as a 1:1 neutral complex. The rank order of ionophore selectivity was determined for lipid bilayer membrane transport of amines based on a comparison of permeability coefficients: p-tyramine ∼ β-phenylethylamine ∼ amphetamine > methamphetamine > dopamine > phenylephrine ∼ metanephrine > norepinephrine > epinephrine. This rank order is in agreement with results obtained from partitioning measurements which were carried out in parallel to the bilayer membrane experiments. A correlation between amine structure and binding characteristics has been developed.

The effect of amine structure on complexation with lasalocid in model membrane systems: I. Identification of charged complexes in lipid bilayer membranes

The electrical properties of X-537A (lasalocid) doped lipid bilayer membranes were studied in the presence of a series of nine biogenic amines which contain β-phenylethylamine as the basic structural unit. The ionophore antibiotic was found to form charged complexes within the membrane during the transport of some of the amines. The dependence of membrane conductance on the concentration of ionophore and amine was studied. The amines are divided into three classes according to the nature of the complexes formed: (1) charged complex involving two ionophores (phenylephrine, metanephrine, and amphetamine); (2) charged complex containing three ionophores (dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine); and (3) no charged species formed ( p- and m-tyramine and β-phenylethylamine).

Effect of amine structure on the photopotential induced by dye / polyamine systems

AbstractIt was found that the photoredox system, dye/poly(iminoethylene) (PEI) induces a remarkably higher photopotential than the corresponding dye/monoamine system. The relationship between the photopotential induced by thionine (TH)/PEI and the number of amino or imino groups in the amine molecule is characterized by an alternating pattern. From the dependencies of the photopotential and the ionic species of the amine on pH, it was concluded that the active species of the amine is the half‐protonated one. As a possible mechanism for the high photopotential induced by the polyamine system, an interaction between the dye and the half‐protonated species is proposed, based on the bifunctional behavior of the adjacent protonated and unprotonated imino groups of PEI.

Hydrogen-bond studies of the near infrared combination bands of the butylamines

Deuteration, concentration, and temperature studies are employed to establish the 1.99- mu m band of primary butylamines to be free N- H absorption and the 2.02- mu m band to be hydrogen-bonded N-- II absorption. The effect of amine structure on absorptivity of these bands is noted and correlation of Taft + sigma * values to the 2.02 mu m absorbance observed. The absorbance at 2.02 mu m is also correlated to solvent-solute hydrogen bonding. The interrelationships of concentration, amine structure, and solvent-solute hydrogen bonding as to their effects on the 1,99- aud 2.02- mu m combination bands of primary butylamines are discussed. (auth)

Amine Phosphates as Antiwear Additives in Neopentyl Polyol Esters

Dialkyl acid phosphates are effective antiwear agents in neopentyl polyol ester lubricants applied to 440C stainless steel sliding surfaces at low loads, but they promote ester deterioration. Various amine salts of three representative dialkyl phosphates were studied to determine if the adverse effect could be reduced without sacrificing antiwear properties. The amine phosphates were generally highly effective in the low load region in four-ball wear tests. They were at least as effective as the parent acid phosphates and appreciably more effective than tricresyl phosphate. Little effect of amine structure on performance was observed. At a higher load, both the acid phosphates and their amine salts had no beneficial effect on wear. The amine phosphates promoted significantly less deterioration of the base ester under four-ball test conditions (266F) than did the dialkyl phosphates. In oxidation-corrosion tests at 3253, however, they were corrosive to copper and adversely affected ester stability. Presente...

The extraction of thorium (IV) from sulphuric acid solutions by long-chain aliphatic amines

The partition of thorium (IV) between aqueous sulphuric acid solutions and organic solutions of long-chain aliphatic amines has been investigated. The organic phases have been examined by i.r. and high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The effect of amine structure and the mechanism of thorium extraction are discussed.

The extraction of uranium (vi) and cobalt(ii) from hydrochloric acid solutions by cyclohexyl- and benzyl alkylamines

The partition of uranium (VI) and cobalt(II) between hydrochloric acid solutions and solutions of cyclohexyl- and benzylalkylamines in benzene has been investigated at different conditions. The effects of amine structure and organic solvent on the extractions have also been examined. It is found that cyclohexyl- and benzylalkyl tertiary amines are more efficient extractants for uranium and cobalt than secondary amines; a benzyl group is essential for promoting the extraction efficiency; the efficiency is reduced when the alkyl chain is branched and is strongly influenced by the kind of organic solvent used as diluent.

The extraction of uranium(VI) from sulphuric acid solutions by long-chain aliphatic amines

The partition of uranium(VI) between sulphuric acid solutions and organic solutions of long-chain aliphatic amines has been investigated, and an i.r. study has been made of the organic phases. The effects of amine structure and organic solvent and the mechanism of uranium extraction are discussed.

Extraction of uranium (VI) from hydrochloric acid solutions by long‐chain aliphatic amines

AbstractThe partition of uranium (vi) between hydrochloric acid solutions and organic solutions of long‐chain aliphatic amines has been investigated at different concentrations of hydrochloric acid, solvent and aqueous uranium, and at different temperatures. The effects of amine structure and of organic solvent and the mechanism of uranium extraction are discussed on the basis of the results obtained. From infra‐red spectral measurements it is postulated that a chloro complex of uranium (vi) is formed in the extraction of uranium (vi) from hydrochloric acid solution by tri‐n‐dodecylamine in benzene.

Effect of amine structure on the relative acidity of conjugate acids

the primary objectives of this experiment are to investigate the effect of structure of amines on the relative acidity of their conjugate acids and to study some of the factors affecting equilibrium constants.

Extraction of uranium (VI) from nitric acid solutions by long‐chain aliphatic amines

AbstractThe partition of uranium (VI) between nitric acid solutions and organic solutions of long‐chain aliphatic amines has been investigated at different concentrations of nitric acid and solvent, and at different temperatures. The effects of amine structure and of organic solvent and the mechanism of uranium extraction are discussed on the basis of the results obtained. It is postulated, from infrared spectroscopy measurements, that the complex formed in the extraction of uranium (VI) from nitric acid solution by tri‐n‐dodecylamine in benzene is a nitrato complex of uranium.

The extraction of uranium (VI) from sulphuric acid solutions by cyclohexyl-alkylamines

The effects of amine structure and of organic solvent on the extraction of uranium (VI) from sulphuric acid solutions by cyclohexyl-alkylamines have been investigated. It is found that the uranium extraction efficiency of cyclohexyl-alkyl secondary amines is greater than that of cyclohexyl-alkyl tertiary amines; when the aklyl chain is branched the extraction efficiency of the amine is reduced and much influenced by the properties of the organic solvent used as diluent. The mechanism of uranium extraction by cyclohexyl-dodecylamine has also been studied.

The extraction of uranium (VI) from sulphuric acid solutions by benzyl-alkylamines

The effects of amine structure and organic solvent on the extraction of uranium (VI) from sulphuric acid solutions by benzyl-alkylamines have been investigated. Also, the mechanism of uranium extraction by benzyl dodecylamine has been studied.