Promotion Effect Research Articles

The Ability of Brand Image and Digital Promotion in Explaining Purchase Intention of Counterfeits Electronic Products

This study examines the effect of digital promotion and brand image on the intention to purchase counterfeit electrical devices. Since counterfeit goods are seeing a spike in the market, there is a fundamental need to build factors that encourage such buyers. A quantitative analytic approach will be used for this study. Data will be collected from 300 participants interested in buying counterfeit electronic products through an online survey. Most customers consider counterfeit goods viable alternatives to branded products, showing that consumers' perception of brands influences their buying habits considerably. Online advertisements also play a vital role, especially on social media, using e-commerce websites with alluring content to attract consumers. In addition, the study discovers that digital marketing and brand image are complementary; this means that people's perceptions about a brand's equity increase the effects of digital marketing campaigns. Digital platforms are generally utilized to advertise counterfeit products because of the status and affordability they display. Despite this, the study highlights the dangers and ethical issues associated with counterfeit products, regarding low quality and safety. These findings have significant regulatory and brand-related implications for the fight against counterfeiting and extend our knowledge of consumer behaviour generally. Therefore, we want to call for tighter regulations on counterfeiting and increase consumer education to reduce counterfeit products and boost ethical purchasing.

Sirtuin 1 Suppresses Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Senescence and Promotes Viability and Migration in Lens Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting Forkhead Box Protein O1/Toll-Like Receptor 4 Pathway.

Age-related cataracts (ARCs) are associated with increased oxidative stress and cellular senescence. Our objective is to investigate the function of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) within ARCs. In ARCs tissues and H2O2-treated lens epithelial cells (LECs), the expression levels of SIRT1 were examined. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining was employed to evaluate cellular senescence. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was employed to measure viability. A wound healing assay was performed to assess migratory capacity in LECs. Oxidative stress-related indicators were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Additionally, the Coxpresdb and GeneCards databases were utilized to identify downstream pathways of SIRT1 in ARCs. The expression levels of protein and mRNA were detected using western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The expression of SIRT1 was downregulated in ARCs tissues with an increase in reactive oxygen species. In H2O2-induced LECs, SIRT1 was downregulated and its overexpression inhibited oxidative stress and cellular senescence while promoting viability and migration. Furthermore, FoxO1/TLR4 pathway was screened out as the key pathway of SIRT1, which was activated in H2O2-induced LECs senescence. Overexpression of SIRT1 suppressed FoxO1/TLR4 pathway. Further research demonstrated that the activation of FoxO1/TLR4 pathway reversed the inhibitory role of SIRT1 in oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence and the promotion effect of SIRT1 on viability and migration in H2O2-induced LECs. SIRT1 inhibits oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence and promotes the viability and migration in H2O2-induced LECs via suppressing FoxO1/TLR4 pathway.

Boswellia Extract Promotes Healing and Resolving Inflammation in Oral Ulcers of Rat.

Recurrent aphthous ulcers significantly impact patients' quality of life due to their painful and recurrent nature, necessitating more effective treatments. This study explores the therapeutic potential of Boswellia to treat recurrent aphthous ulcers by its anti-inflammatory and healing promotion effect in a rat oral ulcer model. Network pharmacology techniques were employed to elucidate Boswellia's active components and potential targets. Intersecting targets of Boswellia and oral ulcer-related genes were screened for protein-protein interaction network analysis and functional enrichment. An oral ulcer model in rats was used and rats were treated with Boswellia extract. The healing process was monitored by measuring the ulcer area and body weight changes. Histological analysis was performed, and the role of Boswellia in macrophage polarization was investigated through gene expression analysis and protein array tests. The underlying mechanism involving PPARγ activation was also explored. Network pharmacology analysis revealed Boswellia's interaction with key genes and pathways associated with inflammation and lipid metabolism, such as MAPK3, PPARG, and PTGS2. Boswellia extract significantly accelerated oral ulcer healing and recovered weight loss in rats. Histological examinations revealed reduced tissue swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration in treated groups. Furthermore, Boswellia extract decreased infiltration of M1 macrophage presence while increasing M2 macrophage, indicating an inflammation-resolving effect. Invitro studies showed that Boswellia extract enhanced M2-related gene expression and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is PPARγ dependent. Boswellia extract promotes oral ulcer healing and resolves inflammation, primarily through the modulation of macrophage polarization via PPARγ activation.

How do digital knowledge resources affect the carbon emission intensity of the pig industry?

Purpose By exploring the impact of digital knowledge resources (DKR) on the carbon emission intensity of the pig industry (PCEI), this study aims to reveal the role of DKR in reducing PCEI. Design/methodology/approach Based on provincial panel data in China from 2011 to 2021, this study uses the entropy and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change coefficient methods to calculate the evaluation index system of DKR and PCEI, respectively. Empirical analysis using a panel fixed-effects model examines the influence of DKR on PCEI and its underlying mechanisms. Findings DKR can significantly reduce PCEI. This conclusion still holds even after undergoing endogeneity treatment and a series of robustness tests. Mechanism test results indicate that DKR can operate indirectly through the mediation mechanism of rural human capital (RHC) and pig breeding technology innovation (PTI), while environmental regulation intensity (ERI) plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between DKR and PCEI. The magnitude of the impact of DKR on PCEI depends on ERI. Further studies found that the impact of DKR on PCEI has obvious heterogeneity characteristics, and the promotion effect is more obvious in regions with good integration degrees and high development potential. Practical implications This paper divides DKR into three dimensions: digital technology knowledge (DTK), digital management knowledge (DMK) and digital application knowledge (DAK), providing a new framework for research and enriching the understanding of the relationship between DKR and PCEI. Furthermore, the research results reveal the application potential of DKR in the pig industry, particularly in terms of resource allocation efficiency. This is of great significance for promoting low-carbon development in the pig industry and provides insights for the low-carbon transformation of other industries. In addition, the study emphasizes the moderating effect of ERI on the mechanism of carbon reduction in the pig industry through DKR. This offers a new perspective for understanding the relationship between knowledge management and environmental governance, providing a reference basis for policy formulation in related fields. Originality/value This paper further enriches the role of DKR in the livestock industry. Integrating DKR with traditional industries promotes knowledge innovation, information distribution and utilization and scientific decision-making. This has significant value in promoting the development and application of carbon reduction technologies, enhancing industrial competitive advantages, and other aspects.

The Impact of Green Finance Pilot Cities on Enterprises’ Green Innovation Performance: An Empirical Study in China

Effectively leveraging green finance policies is essential to promoting urban green technology innovation, achieving sustainable development, and addressing global environmental challenges. This paper investigates the impact of the Green Finance Pilot City Policy (GFPP) on corporate green innovation performance by analyzing data from China’s A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2022. Using a difference-in-differences methodology, mediation effect analysis, and panel data techniques, the findings reveal that the GFPP significantly enhances corporate green innovation performance, with particularly strong effects in designated pilot zones compared to other cities. Key mechanisms identified include reductions in financing and agency costs, which facilitate innovation. Furthermore, the impact of the GFPP is heterogeneous, varying by region, the nature of firms’ property rights, and specific industry characteristics. The promotional effect of the GFPP on firms’ green innovation performance will, to some extent, also contribute to green sustainable development in the wider environment within the region, and the feasibility of the pilot policy will also drive the promotion and development of the policy on a wider scale in China.

Evolutionary characteristics and influencing mechanisms of green development efficiency in Chinese urban agglomerations: Analysis of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.

Urban agglomerations are central to global economic growth and the shift towards green development, particularly in developing countries. This study examines regional comparisons and variations in green development mechanisms within urban agglomerations to better understand their spatiotemporal patterns. An input-output indicator system was developed, accounting for social benefits and carbon emissions. Using the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA) as a case, this study measured green development efficiency (GDE) from 2003 to 2022 with the SBM-Undesirable model. It also employed the coefficient of variation (CV) method and Markov chain model to analyze the spatiotemporal variability and dynamic transformation law of GDE. Additionally, a panel quantile regression model was used to identify the dynamic response of key controlling factors, based on the GDE stages of each city. The findings reveal: (1) Cities in the central YRDUA area have higher GDE levels compared to those in non-central areas, with increasing disparity over time. (2) The green development level of a city influences its neighbors, enhancing or degrading their GDE stability and type. (3) Economic growth, foreign direct investment, industrial structure, and technological innovation significantly impact YRDUA's GDE. (4) In cities with low green development, economic growth strongly promotes GDE, while government regulation most restricts it. In medium-level cities, industrial structure advancements have the largest promotional effect, whereas technological innovation is the most limiting factor. In high-level cities, foreign investment intensity is the main inhibitor, while government regulation supports GDE. Marketization and environmental regulation effects on GDE remain consistent across different city levels. These findings provide targeted guidance for the green transition of urban agglomerations in China and other developing nations.

Coupling of a shared hollow cathode with a dual Hall thruster cluster

Abstract Hall thruster clusters or arrays are a flexible option for controlling thrust vector, extending lifetime, or enhancing power of the propulsion system. However, the coupling relationship between thrusters and hollow cathodes becomes more complicated due to the intersected plasma plumes of multiple Hall thrusters. In this study, plasma probes were utilized to experimentally investigate the discharge characteristics and plasma plume structure of the thruster cluster plume under different cathode coupling position conditions. Experiments have shown that the synergistic promotion effect of the thruster cluster plumes has a vital influence on the coupling relationship between the thruster cluster and the shared hollow cathode. The plume of one thruster could become a source of electrons for the adjacent thruster, significantly contributing to the ability of the thruster to capture electrons. It can reduce the spatial potential of the plume and enhance the potential drop within the discharge channel, facilitating ionization with an increase of the discharge current by up to 12.8%. Thus, the effect of the hollow cathode position on the thruster discharge characteristics is significantly weaker for the thruster cluster than for the single thruster. In general, this study reveals the coupling law of a dual thruster cluster with a hollow cathode, contributing to the design of a shared cathode for a thruster cluster.

Research on the Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method in Promotional Psychological Effects

Promotion is one of the most widely used marketing strategies by retail enterprises, how to measure the psychological effect of promotion on consumers is an important part of the study of the effect of promotion, but also a relatively weak link in the field of research. In this paper, we first determine the promotion effect assessment indexes through literature research and interviews, introduce the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and choose supermarket promotion as the research object to conduct empirical research on the psychological effect of promotion. In order to improve the part of empirical analysis of the psychological effect of promotion. And to provide executable consumer psychological analysis tools for the promotional behavior of retail enterprises.

The role of pre-coagulation in wastewater nitrogen removal: Greenhouse gas emission reduction.

In order to achieve the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, more and more industries were carrying out carbon emission reduction. Of course, carbon emission reduction in the wastewater treatment was also crucial. This study developed a pre-coagulation process to prevent some pollutants (28-33% of total nitrogen and other pollutants such as organic matter) from entering the biochemical treatment stage, thereby reducing carbon emissions in the wastewater treatment. Meanwhile, the coagulation treatment had a higher removal rate of organic matter than total nitrogen, so pre-coagulation could reduce C/N of wastewater. However, contrary to conventional belief, it accelerated the biochemical denitrification effects. Coagulation treatment could effectively remove particulate nitrogen (70-80%), followed by colloidal nitrogen (35-45%), and the removal effect of dissolved nitrogen was not obvious. The removal of particulate and colloidal nitrogen substantially reduced the biochemical treatment load and hydraulic retention time. The promotion and low-carbon effects of denitrification by pre-coagulation could be enhanced by selecting coagulants properly. The carbon emission of four popular coagulants under the optimal dosage were calculated and compared, and the low carbon coagulants were prioritized as polyacrylamide >aluminum sulfate >polyaluminum chloride >ferric chloride. In addition, the carbon emissions of conventional and pre-coagulation (four coagulants) processes were analyzed from the perspective of nitrogen removal. The pre-coagulation process facilitated carbon emission reduction in wastewater treatment. The study provided new insights into greenhouse gas emission reduction in wastewater treatment plants.

BUNDLING POWER: A STRATEGY TO INCREASE SALES VOLUME IN A COMPETITIVE MARKET AT INDOMARET

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of product, price, promotion and place on Purchasing Decisions at Indomaret Simpang Kandis Bengkulu. Data collection using questionnaires to 95 people who shop at Indomaret Simpang Kandis. Data analysis techniques use multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the product has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions at Indomaret Simpang Kandis area, Bengkulu city, meaning that the more product quality increases, the purchasing decisions will also increase. Price has a negative and significant effect on purchasing decisions at Indomaret Simpang Kandis area, Bengkulu city. This means that if there is an increase in price at Indomaret in the Simpang Kandis area of Bengkulu city, the purchasing decision will decrease. Promotion has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions at Indomaret in the Simpang Kandis area of Bengkulu city, which means that if the promotion increases, the purchasing decision will also increase. Place has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, Indomaret Simpang Kandis area Bengkulu. This means that the more strategic the place, the purchasing decisions will also increase.

Unraveling the Role of Alkali on Cobalt Catalyst Performance in Ethanol Steam Reforming by Operando DRIFT Studies and DFT Modeling.

Hydrogen, a sustainable and environmentally friendly fuel, can be obtained through the ethanol steam reforming (ESR) process. The most promising catalysts for this process are those based on non-noble metals such as cobalt. The activity, selectivity, and stability of these catalysts strongly depend on the presence of alkali dopants. In this work, we have taken on the challenge of understanding the role of alkali. We synthesized a series of cobalt-containing catalysts supported on α-alumina and doped with Na, K, Rb, and Cs, which were thoroughly characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. We elucidated the significant difference in the efficiency of undoped and alkali-doped catalysts, based on diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) operando spectroscopy studies under ESR conditions. The catalytic test results indicated a strong effect of alkali promoters on the interaction between the acetaldehyde byproduct and the Co/α-Al2O3 catalyst surface. Experimental data were confronted with the results of periodic DFT-GGA+U molecular modeling. It has been shown that electron transfer from alkali atoms to the cobalt active phase strongly influences the ethanol reforming pathway by increasing the adsorption energy of the aldehyde intermediate and facilitating the key C-C bond-breaking step.

Green finance and ESG performance of enterprises: Evidence from Green Finance Reform and Innovation Pilot Zone

ABSTRACT Corporate ESG performance holds a critical role in driving the shift towards sustainable production. Green finance promotes the green transformation of enterprises by altering the allocation of financial resources, which plays a crucial role in enhancing corporate ESG performance. Based on data from Chinese listed companies between 2012 and 2020, this study innovatively employs the triple difference methodology to explore the impact of the Green Finance Reform and Innovation Pilot Zones (GFRI) policy on the ESG performance of heavily polluting enterprises. Our findings reveal a significant improvement in ESG performance, especially in environmental protection and social responsibility scores. Mechanism tests reveal that GFRI policy enhances ESG performance by promoting green innovation, increasing investment in environmental protection, and reducing agency costs. For state-owned enterprises and enterprises whose CEO has environmental protection experience, GFRI policy has a greater promotion effect on ESG performance. Furthermore, GFRI policy has stronger effects in regions with stringent environmental regulations and on companies in growth and maturity stages. We further provide new theoretical explanations and empirical evidence for the green transformation of economic development in developing countries.

The promotion effect of FeS2 on Sb2S3 bioleaching and Sb speciation transformation

The promotion effect of FeS2 on Sb2S3 bioleaching and Sb speciation transformation

Effectiveness of health promotion utilizing word puzzle games in enhancing older adults' knowledge and attitudes regarding hypertension management

Effectiveness of health promotion utilizing word puzzle games in enhancing older adults' knowledge and attitudes regarding hypertension management

THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE PROMOTION THROUGH CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON CONSUMER BUYING INTEREST

Online promotion is a promotional activity carried out to introduce and inform consumers about a product through the internet media which is carried out through social media such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and so on. Celebrity Endorsement is one of the supporting media used to promote a product, celebrities are influencers who are better known on Instagram who have many followers. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of online promotion and celebrity endorsement on consumer buying interest. This research method uses a data collection method where the collected data is drawn into a conclusion and produces a hypothesis. This study provides a literature review on the effect of online promotion and celebrity endorsement on consumer buying interest. This conceptual framework can help businesspeople if they want to create an online promotion strategy by using celebrities in marketing their products. This study provides an idea for businesspeople to market their products with celebrity endorsement services or celebrities, because both influence consumer buying interest which will increase sales of the product. This will provide 2 benefits, namely for the party doing the promotion and for the company. From this study, there is a positive and significant influence between online promotion and celebrity endorsement on consumer buying interest.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING INFLUENCERS IN PROMOTING PRODUCTS IN TIKTOK SOCIAL MEDIA: A CASE STUDY ON COSMETIC BRANDS

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using influencers in promoting cosmetic products on social media. In the increasingly developing digital era, social media has become a very strategic platform for product marketing, and influencers have an important role in shaping consumer perceptions. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method to 200 consumers who follow influencers on the Tiktok platform, and analyzes the impact of cosmetic product promotions through content uploaded by influencers on purchasing decisions. The results of the study show that the use of influencers can increase brand awareness, build consumer trust, and encourage purchases of cosmetic products. In addition, influencer credibility factors, content relevance, and interaction with the audience have been shown to play a significant role in influencing the effectiveness of promotions. These findings are expected to provide insight for cosmetic brands in designing more effective influencer-based marketing strategies on social media.

Analysis of The Usage of The Shopee Live Streaming Application, The Effectiveness of Promotion on Customer Repurchase Decisions Mediated by User Satisfaction

Analysis of The Usage of The Shopee Live Streaming Application, The Effectiveness of Promotion on Customer Repurchase Decisions Mediated by User Satisfaction

Adult withdrawal of long-term Benzophenone-3 treatment induces regression of mammary ductal branching in a diet-dependent manner.

Benzophenone-3 (also referred to as oxybenzone) is a putative endocrine disrupting chemical and common ingredient in sunscreens and other personal care products. We previously showed that benzophenone-3 can have both promotional and protective effects on mammary tumorigenesis dependent upon dietary fat. The current study examined diet-dependent effects of benzophenone-3 in mammary ductal development in BALB/c mice. Long-term benzophenone-3 treatment initiated in puberty and its subsequent withdrawal in adulthood resulted in regression of ductal branching in mice fed a low-fat diet. Regression was associated with increased Igf1 gene expression. BP-3 treatment in mice fed a high-fat diet resulted in increased ductal branching, which was reversed by BP-3 withdrawal. Examination of T cell and macrophage populations within the mammary gland under low-fat and high-fat diets found a shift from Th1/M1 to Th2/M2 polarization, respectively. This alteration in the immune environment may underlie the diet-dependence of benzophenone-3 effects. This study suggests potential consequences of benzophenone-3 exposure to reproductive health that warrant further examination. It also highlights the need to examine endocrine disrupting chemicals in a variety of dietary contexts, which may govern toxicological interactions with the immune system.

Enhanced Nitrous Oxide Decomposition on Zirconium-Supported Rhodium Catalysts by Iridium Augmentation.

The effective elimination of N2O from automobile exhaust at low temperatures poses significant challenges. Compared to other materials, supported RhOx catalysts exhibit high N2O decomposition activities, even in the presence of O2, CO2, and H2O. Metal additives can enhance the low-temperature N2O decomposition activities over supported RhOx catalysts; however, the enhancement mechanism and active sites require further investigation. In this study, we demonstrate the significant enhancement of the low-temperature N2O decomposition activity of a monoclinic ZrO2-supported Rh catalyst [Rh(1)/ZrO2] with Ir addition in the presence of N2O + O2 + CO2 + H2O. The promotional effect of Ir and the active sites on N2O decomposition in Rh(1)-Ir(1)/ZrO2 (Rh = 1 wt % and Ir = 1 wt %) were investigated by kinetic studies and in situ spectroscopic methods, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. These results indicate that both surface Rh and Ir species in Rh(1)-Ir(1)/ZrO2 were active sites for N2O catalytic decomposition at low temperatures, and Ir augmentation promoted the desorption of gaseous O2, which are regarded as key steps in N2O decomposition.

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Digital Transformation on Enterprise Innovation and Development

Based on the data of Chinese listed companies from 2007 to 2022, this article deeply analyzes the catalytic effect of digital transformation on enterprise innovation and development. Research has found that digital transformation significantly promotes the improvement of enterprise innovation capabilities, and exhibits heterogeneity among different types of enterprises. After sufficient robustness testing, this conclusion still holds true; When financing constraints are high, the promotion effect of digital transformation on enterprise innovation is stronger, that is, digital transformation can effectively alleviate the financing constraints of enterprises and empower enterprise innovation; The level of human capital can positively regulate the promoting effect of digital transformation on the high-quality development of enterprises. This study not only enriches the theoretical framework of the relationship between digital transformation and enterprise innovation development, but also provides useful references and inspirations for enterprises to implement digital transformation and enhance innovation capabilities.