Effectiveness Of Project Activities Research Articles

Оценка реализуемости и результативности стратегий и национальных проектов в условиях глобальных трансформаций

Problems, threats, and risks are often considered selectively in national strategies and projects. As a result, new factors appear during their implementation: they limit the solution of strategic tasks, cause crisis phenomena, and recurrent gaps in the socio-economic development. The authors developed a procedure of causal analysis. It focuses on entire path of problem development, from the establishment of its root and indirect causes to the determination of direct and visible changes in the human living environment. The analysis features the completeness of factor accounting in problems, threats, and risks. It also covers strategic objectives and targets to assess the feasibility of strategic priorities and the effectiveness of project activities. The article also introduces some methodological tools of the causal analysis. They can be applied to factors that affect strategic planning and can be used to assess national projects, i.e., their feasibility of strategic objectives and effectiveness.

Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of project activities at the municipal level

Within the framework of the presented article, the author explores an issue that is directly related to the specifics of the implementation of project activities. In the center of his attention is the problem of increasing the effectiveness of this type of activity carried out at the municipal level. At present, project activities are becoming more and more common, which necessitates the development of a mechanism aimed at assessing efficiency, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. First of all, the author pays attention to the consideration of these concepts, their clear differentiation, and also studies them from the point of view of the national standard of the Russian Federation. The effectiveness of project activities can only be assessed if there are clear target indicators defined at the initial stage of project planning, which, in turn, are divided into quantitative and qualitative ones. In this regard, it is important to carefully analyze the project at an early stage. Only in this case, possible risks can be minimized and both time and material resources spent on the project implementation can be saved. As for the effectiveness of project activities, it involves the correlation of results, project costs with the goals of the interests of the state and the population. For a more complete understanding of the issue under consideration, the project activity is also considered in the article using the example of Slobodsky, a city in the Kirov region. The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of municipal programs of the city are presented. Based on the results of consideration of the issue, both at the theoretical and practical levels, the author formulated a number of recommendations to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of project activities at the municipal level.

РОЗВИТОК КОГНІТИВНО-ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ЗОРІЄНТОВАНИХ НА ОПАНУВАННЯ ВМІНЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-УПРАВЛІНСЬКОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

The development of the cognitive-intellectual sphere of the subjects of pedagogical activity, focused on mastering the skills of information and management management, is shown. Approaches based on stimulating students to independently find ways, forms and options for solving problems are outlined. These are the "Flipped Class" technology, the "small group" technology, the case method. The importance of personal reflection of the participants is revealed. Emphasis is placed on the components of effective work of the group which are as follows: natural and open nature of communications; the focus of activities on solving goals and objectives through cooperation; mobility of roles and work regulations; maximum use of the abilities of group members; readiness for self-improvement, manifestation of initiative, desire for something new; equivalent responsibility for the work performed. The project activity is presented as an effective tool for the development of the cognitive-intellectual sphere of the subjects. It is proved that project activity is a model of organization of educational activity, according to which the subjects of the educational process acquire competencies during the implementation of practical tasks - projects. This kind of activity allows individualization of the educational process and increase the dynamics of progress to the end results. The basis of project activities in the system of postgraduate education is the development of creatively used skills and abilities that require a high level of self-control and subject-oriented orientation in the modern information space. The effectiveness of project activities is associated with the effectiveness of information and management competencies of teachers in the system of postgraduate education, because project activities contribute to: development of critical thinking, development of cognitive skills, maximum focus on professional development, gaining the ability to navigate in the information space and improve their own knowledge.

Project Management in the Public Sphere

The article examines the essence of proactive project management in the public sphere, which should be applied taking into account the combination of methodologies of public project management, strategic management, proactive project management and organizational management of innovative development of project-oriented enterprises. The need for an integrated approach to mastering the basics of project management by civil servants and heads of government agencies, organizations and enterprises is needed. It is proved that in the public sphere the state system of project management could become a potential to increase the efficiency of programs and projects implementation. The introduction of modern management methods is proposed, which allows to gradually change the existing management systems for the implementation of public projects and programs, directing all efforts to achieve the goal and increase competitiveness. It is substantiated that professional application of tools, methods and technologies of proactive management of programs and projects in the public sphere will allow public institutions to ensure the effectiveness of project activities on a national scale, reduce costs and implement the project on time.

ВЛИЯНИЕ УРОВНЯ ПРОЕКТНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ НА СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СУБЪЕКТОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The article deals with the ratio of the level of project management with the degree of socio-economic development in the subjects of the Russian Federation. A retrospective analysis of the organization and effectiveness of project activities at the federal level was carried out. A comparative analysis of specific indicators is carried out, which allows to judge the degree of development of the region from the point of view of project management at the state level. The authors applied a comparative method for analysis and in the formulation of individual conclusions.

СИТУАТИВНЫЙ КОНТЕКСТ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМИ ПРОЕКТАМИ

The article deals with the state of management of international projects in the PRC, the factors of chinese organizations entering the market of international contract work. A retrospective analysis of the organization and effectiveness of project activities along the Belt and Road was carried out. The article substantiates the assumption that the level of management of international projects is influenced by the situational context of a particular project. The author proposes to use a proactive approach in the formation and consideration of the context of projects instead of the traditional reactive one.

Algorithm for evaluating the effectiveness of a high-rise development project based on current yield

The article is aimed at the issues of operational evaluation of development project efficiency in high-rise construction under the current economic conditions in Russia. The author touches the following issues: problems of implementing development projects, the influence of the operational evaluation quality of high-rise construction projects on general efficiency, assessing the influence of the project’s external environment on the effectiveness of project activities under crisis conditions and the quality of project management. The article proposes the algorithm and the methodological approach to the quality management of the developer project efficiency based on operational evaluation of the current yield efficiency. The methodology for calculating the current efficiency of a development project for high-rise construction has been updated.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА МОДЕЛЬ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПРОЄКТНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НА МІСЦЕВОМУ РІВНІ

The article proposes a conceptual model for improving the efficiency of project activities at the local level. The essence of project activity efficiency is determined and the basic approaches to the analysis of criteria and factors of project activity success in general are analyzed. The factors during the organization of group project activities are generalized and analyzed, including social-psychological, external-organizational factors and the level of readiness of territorial communities for project activities. It is determined that the level of readiness of territorial communities to carry out project activities is a set of motives, knowledge, skills, abilities, methods of project actions, personal qualities that ensure the successful interaction of its subjects. It is substantiated that the concept of the offered model consists in the most effective use of possibilities of group project activity for maintenance of qualitative formation of communicative competence of territorial communities, their personal and professional development. The key components of the proposed model are: conceptual-target, functional, structural, diagnostic. It is determined that the main purpose of the conceptual-target component is to form communicative competence, mastering the methods of solving problem-oriented tasks by means of project activities. The functional component of the model includes the identification of the entities on which the effectiveness of the project activity depends, and which carry out its evaluation. It was found that the structural component of the model contains the stages according to which project activities should be organized at the local level. The diagnostic component of the model contains criteria and indicators, levels, means of evaluating the effectiveness of project activities. Within this component, three levels of project activity efficiency (low, medium, high) are defined on the basis of taking into account the results achieved in the project activity process.

Organizational and Functional Modeling of Business Processes for Management of the Development Project Efficiency

The article is devoted to development project management issues in the current economic situation in Russia, to the construction industry, to the problems of development projects implementation in Russia and to the impact of the quality of projects in the construction industry, to assessment of the impact of external project environment on the effectiveness of project activities in crisis, as well as to project management quality. A methodological approach to qualitative management of development project efficiency. Actualized methodology interaction of individual units of the implementation process and the development of a development project by construction of houses. The main stages of the development project. The analysis of the current economic situation in Russia.

Environmental Impact Assessment of Petrochemical Industry using Fuzzy Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix

Due to the high potential of petrochemical industry in the creation of environmental impact, environment impact assessment of the development of petrochemical industry is very important. The aim of this study is to provide and test a fuzzy model for environmental impact assessment of petrochemical industries as a decision support system in planning process and the development of petrochemical industry. To test this model, the Lorestan province was chosen as the study area. In order to assess the impact of petrochemical industry in Lorestan, the combination of RIAM method and fuzzy theory was used. First, using check lists and holding meetings with experts, the type of petrochemical industry impacts on environmental factors was determined. Next, the effects of project activities on environmental factors were scored; the fuzzy scoring was done using defined criteria in MATLAB software. Environmental components considered in the method used were divided into 4 main factors including physicalchemical, biological-ecological, social-cultural and economic-functional and 33 sub-factors, assessment of nonimplementation, construction and operation stage was carried out individually. The results show the most important environmental impacts of petrochemical projects, water and soil pollution, air and noise as well as its socioeconomic consequences. The results showed that the operation in petrochemical industry will create more important implications than the construction stage, some of them in terms of lack of control and environmental management, are irreversible and damaging.

Social-Performance Indicators and Maintaining Corporate Social Responsibility

This article, written by Senior Technology Editor Dennis Denney, contains highlights of paper SPE 152353, ’Developing Social-Performance Indicators and Maintaining Corporate Social Responsibility in a Developing Country During Construction and Operation of an LNG Plant,’ by Jeanette Rascher and AbdulSalam Al-Shamsi, Yemen LNG Company, prepared for the 2012 SPE Middle East Health, Safety, Security, and Environment Conference and Exhibition, Abu Dhabi, 2-4 April. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Maintaining corporate social responsibility is vital in securing a stable operating environment. The selection of social key performance indicators is crucial to promote long-term strategic goals, set targets, track performance, proactively identify triggers for change, and drive future improvement in performance. A range of indicators was developed to support the ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the company’s social-management plan, including community investment projects, livelihood restoration, reinstatement, and the effectiveness of community engagement within the project area. Introduction Indicators are used to track process and progress, and to determine whether the social component is making a positive difference (maximizing beneficial project effects) or minimizing risk (mitigating or reducing the negative effects of project activities as far as practicable). A monitoring and evaluation system was established as a tool to ensure that the company would achieve the goals and objectives set in its social-management plan and that the project design and criteria were followed, implementation effects occurred as predicted, emerging or unanticipated issues and projects were managed efficiently and effectively, lender and social-performance review requirements were complied with, international best practice was followed, national legislation was adhered to, and human development and capacity building occurred. Project Background A project was launched in August 2005 to design, construct, and operate a liquefied-natural-gas (LNG) plant on the southern coastline of Yemen, with an associated land pipeline to market and export the LNG, as shown in Fig. 1. Primary stake-holders included project-affected people (PAP), local and central government and governmental agencies involved with and exposed to project activities, and project employees. In terms of the LNG project, PAP are defined as communities, households, and individuals who live in close proximity to the project site. There were 22 clearly defined villages within a 5-km corridor on either side of the pipeline right of way and seven in the vicinity of the Balhaf liquefaction plant. Within each of these 29 villages (with their sub-villages), there are highly complex and potentially volatile household and tribal structures based on social, cultural, and religious norms founded in the community over many generations and which determine authority, respect, and status within the community. It is common for many families, relatives, and individuals to reside within a single household in a single village or community. Secondary stakeholders included those who have links (e.g., technical expertise) with primary stakeholders. Secondary stakeholders include nongovernmental organizations, various intermediary or representative organizations, and technical and professional bodies, often representing public interests.

Environmental Impact Assessment of the Industrial Estate Development Plan with the Geographical Information System and Matrix Methods

Background. The purpose of this study is environmental impact assessment of the industrial estate development planning. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010 in Isfahan province, Iran. GIS and matrix methods were applied. Data analysis was done to identify the current situation of the region, zoning vulnerable areas, and scoping the region. Quantitative evaluation was done by using matrix of Wooten and Rau. Results. The net score for impact of industrial units operation on air quality of the project area was (−3). According to the transition of industrial estate pollutants, residential places located in the radius of 2500 meters of the city were expected to be affected more. The net score for impact of construction of industrial units on plant species of the project area was (−2). Environmental protected areas were not affected by the air and soil pollutants because of their distance from industrial estate. Conclusion. Positive effects of project activities outweigh the drawbacks and the sum scores allocated to the project activities on environmental factor was (+37). Totally it does not have detrimental effects on the environment and residential neighborhood. EIA should be considered as an anticipatory, participatory environmental management tool before determining a plan application.