Effect Of Organic Fertilizers Research Articles

Effect of chemical or organic fertilizers in mining remnant substrate on forage production and marandu grass morphogenesis

Mining drives economic development, but it frequently alters the fertility of remaining soil or substrates. Increasing organic matter in these substrates has been a critical factor for the successful recovery and establishment of plants. In this study, the development of ‘Marandu’ Urochloa brizantha in a Cambisol substrate, a remnant of bauxite mining, was assessed in the municipality of Poços de Caldas-MG, in response to chemical and organic fertilizers derived from vermicomposting of residues from the production of shimeji mushrooms. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where six treatments, namely: conventional fertilizers (FertConv; FertConv + micro and Cal) and exclusively with the use of vermicompost (20, 40 and 60 t ha-1) were evaluated in a completely randomized design in four replications. Fertilization with vermicompost resulted in significant increases in nutrients. Stem and leaf elongation rates, leaf appearance rate, phyllochron, tiller density and dry matter were influenced by both organic and conventional fertilization. However, the greatest benefits were observed with the application of vermicompost. After 90 days of growth, using conventional fertilization, there were no significant increases in the mentioned variables. The use of vermicompost is effective in improving the fertility conditions of the post-mining substrate, with significant impacts on the development of ‘Marandu’ grass, a fact that can contribute to the recovery of areas impacted by mining. Chemical fertilization based only on chemical fertilizers did not result in increases in TAlC, TAlF, TApF, DPP and DM until 90 days of initial growth of ‘Marandu’ grass.

OPTIMALISASI KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR BIOGUSUAN TERHADAP RESPON PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF TANAMAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.)

Liquid organic fertilizer is a complete fertilizer because it contains macro and micro elements. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an influence or concentration of Bio GuSuan liquid organic fertilizer on the vegetative growth response of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.). This research is an experimental research. The independent variables is the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer, namely the concentration of 1%; 2%;3%;4%; 5%, and control (0%). Data analysis used statistical analysis with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with a significance level of 5%. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded: (1) There is an effect of Bio GuSuan liquid organic fertilizer on the vegetative growth of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L), (2) Bio GuSuan liquid organic fertilizer with a concentration of 5% in treatment (T5) is the most optimal concentration for the vegetative growth of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L). Leaf area is 5.2 and the number of leaves is 3,800. Based on the F table value with a significance level of 5%, (the sum of inter =3 and the sum of inner =20), the H0 rejection limit is 3.10.

Current Status and Future Prospects of Small-Scale Household Biodigesters in Sub-Saharan Africa

Despite the age of the technology, sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have numerous challenges that hinder biogas from being widely adopted. This review investigates the current gap between holistic use and the need for small-scale household biodigester adoption and effectiveness in rural and semiurban households of SSA. It reviews the present situation and potential of small-scale household digesters for sustainable future energy and biofertilizer use, with a focus on SSA. A literature survey was performed on small-scale household biogas digesters, and issues relating to the distribution, use, and implementation status with their implications on the future of small-scale household digesters in SSA were briefly reviewed. In recent years, the overall number of domestic biogas digesters installed across SSA countries has shown a significant increase due to the efforts of the National Domestic Biogas Programs such as the African Biogas Partnership Program with the Netherlands Development Organization and the Humanist Institute for Development Cooperation. However, based on an extensive literature review on small-scale household biodigesters in SSA, the study highlights that the success of biogas technology as a clean domestic cooking fuel has been relatively low. The findings of this review show that SSA countries still face a number of hurdles, the most significant of which can be boiled down to the need for technological advancement according to local context, social acceptance, and large initial investment costs. In order to overcome these obstacles and advance technological capability, social acceptance, financial benefits, and environmental impacts in order to improve its use and widespread dissemination as a renewable energy source, a highly effective organic fertilizer, and economic benefits for the betterment of SSA communities, more well-organized work and adequate research activities should be initiated and supported. The findings may be useful to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers who support/promote sustainable energy and waste management strategies in low-resource settings.

PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR BONGGOL PISANG (Musa sp.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH ( Allium cepa L.)

Shallots are a horticultural crop that is very important for society. One effort to increase production is by providing Banana Weevil POC. This research aims to determine the effect of planting media and liquid organic fertilizer from banana weevil (Musa sp.) on the growth and yield of local varieties of shallot plants (Allium cepa L.). This research was carried out on residential land located at Bendorejo Hamlet, Bendosewu Village, Talun District, Blitar Regency. In April-June 2023. The research was prepared using (RAK) factorial with two factors, namely the composition of the planting media (M) and the concentration of Banana Weevil POC (D), with each treatment having 3 replications. Observations were made after the plants were 7 days after planting, with an observation interval of 14 days. The observation parameters include plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers, and tuber weight. The results of the research showed that the combination treatment of cow dung and Banana Weevil POC with a concentration of 10 ml had a significant effect on plant height, number of tubers and tuber weight. However, it has no effect on the number of leaves.

Agronomical Performances of Sequential Planting Pak Choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis L.) as Responses to Weed-based Liquid Organic Fertilizer

The use of weed-based liquid organic fertilizers (LOFs) in organic Pak Choi production was expected to improve the effectiveness of solid organic fertilizers. Sequential vegetable planting has been practiced to improve the viability of the organic vegetable business. This research aimed to determine the effects of weed-based LOF on the yields of sequentially cropped organically grown Pak Choi. Field experiments were conducted in Rejang Lebong Highland, Indonesia, using complete randomized block design with three replicates, The first planting was in May 2021, and the second planting was in June 2021. Treatments were 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm of weed-based LOF. The results indicated that in each growing season the use of weed-based LOF had no effect on leaf number, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and leaf greenness, as well as the N, P, K uptakes of Pak Choi. Nutrient (N, P and K) uptakes of Pak Choi in the second planting were 27.8%, 91.6% and 51.4% lower than those of the first planting, respectively. In addition, shoot fresh weight in the first planting was 56.2% higher than that found in the second planting. Nevertheless, the fresh weight of Pak Choi in both planting seasons was higher than in many studies and that of the Indonesian market standard for Pak Choi.

Determination of the optimal concentration of organic fertilizers for the sowing qualities of crops using the example of pumpkin

The research of the effectiveness of the obtained fertilizers impact on the sowing characteristics of pumpkin seeds Cucurbita pepo L. was conducted at the Center for Collective Use "Advanced Technologies and Materials" of the Sevastopol State University. The work provides data on the effect of organic fertilizers based on vermicompost and chicken manure on the sowing qualities of pumpkin seeds. A comparative analysis of the energy of germination and laboratory viability of the seeds, root and sprout growth of the agricultural crop Cucurbita pepo L. was carried out. To compare the results obtained, the certified fertilizers “Power of Growth” and “Riverm” based on vermicompost were taken. The optimal concentration of chicken manure was identified with a concentration of 200 mg per 2 liters based on the germination energy, the values were 87% and the viability 95%. Also, the increase in the sprout length for the fertilizer based on chicken manure was 127.7%, which is 15% more than the “Power of Growth” fertilizer. Test samples based on vermicompost gave negative results: root growth – minus 21.9%, negative shoot growth – minus 6.3%. A method for producing new types of organic fertilizers based on chicken manure, based on the cavitation effect, has been described. An assessment of the effectiveness of using fertilizers for an agricultural crop – pumpkin Cucurbita pepo L. has been made.

The Availability of Soil N, P, K, and Mustard Yield after the Application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Household Waste in Ultisols

Ultisols are one of the dominant soil orders in Indonesia, accounting for approximately 25% of the total land area. The main problem of this soil is high aluminum (Al) saturation with low pH and plant nutrients. The study was intended to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from household waste on the availability of N, P, K, and mustard yield in Ultisols. The research used a complete randomized design (CRD) with six concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer of household waste. The treatments were repeated four times. The treatment included control, 10, 20, 30,40, and 50 ml LOF in a liter of water. The study revealed that the liquid organic fertilizer from household waste increased 1.06 folds of total soil N and 1.04 folds of exchangeable-K compared to the control but did not affect available P. Also, soil pH was comparable among treatments. The greatest concentration of LOF (50 ml per liter of water) exhibited the highest yield of mustard, indicated by the highest fresh and dry shoot weight. In general, the study contributes to the development of eco-frindly agriculture.

The Integrated Effect of Organic Manure, Biofertilizer and Inorganic Fertilizer on Soil Properties, Yield and Quality in Sugarcane Plant-ratoon System under Calcareous Soil of Indo-gangetic Plains of India

A field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, to devise nutrient management strategies aimed at sustaining soil health, quality and sugarcane production within the sugarcane plant-ratoon system. The experiment evaluated the efficacy of various fertilizers on the solubility of applied inorganic fertilizer during the spring season in calcareous soil. Results from the combined data analysis showed significant variations in the number of millable cane (NMC), cane yield, and sugar yield due to the integrated application of organic and inorganic fertilizers along with bio-fertilizers in both the plant and ratoon crops. Treatments combining organic and inorganic fertilizers with bio-fertilizers demonstrated a noteworthy increase in NMC, cane yield, and sugar yield compared to the control group. The treatment that received 75% NPK of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) along with Acetobacter, PSB, and Bio-compost at a rate of 7.5 t ha-1 exhibited the highest NMC (103.0 × 103 ha-1), cane yield (85.8 t ha-1), and sugar yield (11.21 t ha-1). Furthermore, the residual effect of the treatment combining organic and inorganic fertilizers with bio-fertilizers showed a pronounced impact on NMC (92.4 × 103 ha-1), yield (79.6 t ha-1), and sugar yield (9.36 t ha-1) in the ratoon crop under treatment T9. Bio-compost notably enhanced the overall performance of sugarcane. Nutrient uptake by both plant and ratoon followed a similar trend as cane yield. Application of RDF alongside various bio-fertilizers significantly enhanced sugarcane productivity compared to the control group. Notably, the efficacy of bio-fertilizers was more pronounced when used in conjunction with inorganic treatments. Treatment with organic inputs through bio-compost resulted in reduced pH and increased electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon, and available nutrients (N,P, and K) in post-harvest soil. Enzymatic activities including glycosidase, urease, acid phosphatase, and dehydrogenase were also recorded.

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Barley

This study aimed to assess the impact of various organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and yield components of barley varieties. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture of Dicle University in 2019-2020. Two barley varieties, Keçiburcu (six rows) and Önder (two rows), and 15 types of organic and inorganic fertilizers were used in this study. All organic fertilizers used in the study were applied at sowing, solid fertilizers were incorporated directly into the soil, and liquid fertilizers were diluted with water and then applied to the soil. Among the fertilizers used in this study, conventional fertilizer (1.48 g/plant) and sheep manure (1.05 g/plant) showed positive effects on grain yield and other traits. As a result, plants benefit from chemical fertilizers in a shorter period because they are absorbed and used more quickly than chemical fertilizers, which are part of traditional agriculture. In addition, organic fertilizers have a positive effect on plant development. For organic barley production, sheep manure is recommended, which yields results similar to those of conventional fertilizers.

Organic fertilizers in increase of hazelnut yield

Goal. To assess the effect of various organic fertilizers on the yield of hazelnut plantations in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.
 Methods. Field experiment, laboratory-analytical, comparative.
 Results. The influence of organic fertilizers of various origins was studied (cattle manure; chicken droppings; Biofertilizer No. 1 — sewage sludge (SW) of the biological treatment station (SBO) «Pivdenna» in Odesa + winter wheat straw + Microbacterium barkeri LP-1 (M. b.); Biofertilizer No. 2 — «Southern» SBO + sunflower seed husks + M. b.; «Pivdenna» SBO, Odesa) on the agrochemical parameters of ordinary medium-humus chernozem in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine for the cultivation of hazelnuts. It is shown that in comparison with the control of 2021 and 2022, an increase in the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, and organic matter is noted in all variants of the experiment.
 Conclusions. The use of organic fertilizers of various origins for the cultivation of hazelnuts in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine helps to increase the content of the main agrochemical indicators of the soil — easily hydrolyzed nitrogen (91.0—98.0 mg/kg with 84.0 mg/kg — control), mobile phosphorus compounds (174.75—306.30 mg/kg at 138.75 mg/kg — control), potassium (112.00—166.90 mg/kg at 108.40 mg/kg — control) and organic matter (3.78—4.18% and 3.76% — control). The advantages of biofertilizers No. 1 and No. 2 based on sewage sludge with the use of vegetable fillers (winter wheat straw and sunflower seed husks) and the phosphate-mobilizing bacterium Microbacterium barkeri LP-1 are shown. Organic fertilizers contribute to the increase in the content of nutrients in the soil, the activation of the activity of eco-trophic groups of microorganisms, which leads to an increase in the biological activity of the soil and, accordingly, the yield of agricultural crops.

Effect of Chemical and Granular Organic Fertilizer with Hormone Mixed Formula (HO) for Quality And Productivity on Hoary Basil (Ocimum Americanum L.)

Purpose: This research study aimed to develop chemical and granular organic fertilizers with hormone mixed formula (HO) and examine its effect on growth, productivity and active principles of hoary basil (Ocimum americanum L.) and the effect of HO fertilizer on soil properties. Method: Experiments were conducted in an RCBD with 6 treatments 4 replications on 1.2x4 m plots with 32 seedlings on each. The soil properties before and after experiments, growth rate, yield and active principles were analyzed by ANOVA, and compared by a DMRT method at the reliability of 95%. The experiments were conducted between September 2020 and September 2021. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that the HO fertilizers (T4, T5 and T6) improved organic matter, the soil pH, bulk density, soil porosity and water holding capacity. The HO fertilizers also significantly increased secondary and micronutrients. The plants with the HO fertilizers, especially with T6 and T5, showed the highest growth in terms of height, stem size, number of branches and canopy size, with statistically significant differences compared to the other treatments. In terms of yield productivity, T6 had the highest yield (3,192.7), followed by T2 (2,920.5), T5 (2,728.8), T4 (2,667.7), T3(1,952.1) and T1(1,735.8 kg/rai.). According to the active principle analysis, eugenol and methyl eugenol were found highest under T6 (HO-3). As for the net profit in hoary basil production, T6 showed the highest profit of 94,965 baht/rai. Implications of the Research: It was concluded that the HO fertilizers, as environmentally friendly fertilizing options, could sustainably improve soil quality and HO-3, in particular, has proved to be suitable for hoary basil production to provide high quality, safe products for both domestic and international markets. Originality/Value: This study highlights the effectiveness of HO fertilizers on increasing yields, yield component and active principles of hoary basil.

Improving organic grape production: the effects of soil management and organic fertilizers on biogenic amine levels in Vitis vinifera cv., 'Royal' grapes

BackgroundThe integration of organic viticulture practices in grape cultivation represents a pivotal advancement towards sustainable agriculture, emphasizing the importance of environmentally friendly methods that enhance soil health, grape quality, and overall ecosystem biodiversity, thereby contributing significantly to the resilience and long-term sustainability of viticultural ecosystems. This study explored the effects of soil management practices, including chisel, disc harrow, and no tillage, as well as the impact of utilizing Antep radish, broccoli, and olive blackwater as fertilizer applications, on the biochemical composition, specifically biogenic amines (BAs), in the clusters of the 'Royal' grape cultivar within a vineyard setting.ResultsThroughout the three-year study, no tillage soil management consistently emerged as the most influential soil treatment for enhancing BAs in 'Royal' grape berries, especially in combination with Antep radish and olive blackwater fertilizer applications. Among fertilizer applications, the nontreated control vines consistently had the highest concentrations of critical BAs, such as putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, and dopamine, across different soil management practices. Among the soil management practices and fertilizer applications evaluated, the disc harrow soil management and olive blackwater fertilizer application generally yielded the lowest concentrations of BAs across several metrics.The PCA biplots indicated that experimental years have a similar effect on BA content in grape berries, with specific amines such as serotonin and dopamine being more affected in 2020, while cadaverine, histamine, spermidine, trimethylamine, and norepinephrine were more influenced in 2021, and putrescine, spermine, agmatine, and tryptamine in 2022.ConclusionThese findings hold significant implications for organic agriculture, emphasizing the nuanced influence of soil management practices and organic fertilizers on the BA composition of grape berries. Our results indicate the potential of tailored agricultural strategies to enhance plant health and quality, aligning with the principles of sustainability and environmental stewardship inherent to organic farming.Graphical

Combined Effect of Organic Waste and Inorganic Fertilizers in The Environmental on major Nutrient Content and Uptake in Maize Groundnut Cropping Sequence

A field experiment was carried out under field conditions during both kharif and rabi seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 at Field No. 50B of Wetland Farm, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati campus (under the judicatory of Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University). Nutrient content and uptake of major nutrients NPK during both the years of study (kharif 2019-2020 and rabi 2020-2021) on maize-groundnut cropping sequence was not significantly affected by the levels of NPK while significantly affected by the application of organic sources. The pooled analysis results also showed similar trend. However, interaction effect was nonsignificant between inorganic and organic sources during both the years.

Effects of organic fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues on growth and soil microbial community of Salvia miltiorrhiza by metagenomic technique

Soil microbiome is a key evaluation index of soil health. Previous studies have shown that organic fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)residues can improve the yield and quality of cultivated traditional Chinese medicinal materials. However, there are few reports on the effects of organic fertilizer from TCM residues on soil microbiome. Therefore, on the basis of evaluating the effects of organic fertilizer from TCM residues on the yield and quality of cultivated Salvia miltiorrhiza, the metagenomic sequencing technique was used to study the effects of organic fertilizer from TCM residues on rhizosphere microbiome community and function of cultivated S. miltiorrhiza. The results showed that:(1) the application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues promoted the growth of S. miltiorrhiza and the accumulation of active components, and the above-ground and underground dry weight and fresh weight of S. miltiorrhiza increased by 371.4%, 288.3%, 313.4%, and 151.9%. The increases of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B were 887.0% and 183.0%.(2)The application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues significantly changed the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community structures, and the microbial community composition was significantly different.(3)The relative abundance of soil-beneficial bacteria, such as Nitrosospira multiformis, Bacillus subtilis, Lysobacter enzymogenes, and Trichoderma was significantly increased by the application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues.(4)KEGG function prediction analysis showed that metabolism-related microorganisms were more easily enriched in the soil environment after organic fertilizer application. The abundance of functional genes related to nitrification and denitrification could also be increased after the application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues. The results of this study provide guidance for the future application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues in the cultivation of traditio-nal Chinese medicinal materials and enrich the content of green cultivation technology of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

Selecting a stirrer and optimizing the process of mixing the substrate in the fermenter of biogas unit

The relevance of the work is related to the problem of soil degradation as a result of pollution by livestock waste and the need for timely disposal of waste into effective organic fertilizer and biogas. Increasing the share of the use of organic fertilizers makes it possible to develop organic farming technologies, and accordingly leads to the production of healthy crop products. The work investigated the process of substrate mixing in the fermenters of an operating pilot biogas plant. The technological line is designed for processing liquid organic waste, mainly manure or litter, by anaerobic digestion to produce innovative environmentally friendly organic fertilizers on an industrial scale. The purpose of the study was to select a stirrer and optimize the conditions for mixing the substrate in the fermenters of a biogas plant. The physicochemical properties of the substrate were studied by laboratory methods. The mathematical model of the mixing process is based on a semi-empirical description of the hydrodynamics of flows in the reactor, modernized taking into account the current state of the issue under the conditions of a fermenter with specific geometric characteristics. As a result of the work carried out, the optimal options for the geometric dimensions of the stirrers were determined (three variants for three-blade stirrers intermittent with a blade angle of 30°, differing in the size of the impeller and rotation speed) and the parameters of the mixing process were calculated. Based on a laboratory experiment and the results of calculating the sedimentation rate, the frequency of turning on the stirrer (once a day) and the time of its continuous operation to homogenize the suspension were determined. The results of the work can be used in the design of mixing devices and substrate mixing modes in bioreactors.

Effect of Micro Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Threatened Melientha suavis Pierre Species in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam

The experiment was conducted at Thai Nguyen province to evaluate the response of micro-organic fertilizer on growth of vegetative and yield of Melientha suavis Pierre species in the spring and summer season 2023. The experiment included four treatments was designed in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The characteristics include height of plant, diameter of trunk, leaf number, leaf size and yield were measured. The results indicated that applying the T3 treatment greatly in response enhancing height of plant, diameter of trunk, leaf number as well as leaf size compared to untreated control. Furthermore, application of the T3 treatment have the best results in yield of 380.0 kg/ha and 313.3 kg/ha in the spring and summer season, respectively. Therefore, the result could recommend applying micro-organic fertilizer can be practical tool for increasing growth of vegetative as well as yield in Melientha suavis pierre under field conditions.

Effect of Organic Manures and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Characters of Lentil

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, during Rabi season of 2022-23 to Effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizer on growth and yield characters of lentil. Seed rate 40-45 kg/ha of Lentil variety „ RLG-5‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of nine treatments combinations i.e. T1-Control, 100% RDF (20:40:20:20 N P K S kg/ha), 50% RDF + 5t FYM, 75% RDF + FYM (2.5 t/ha), 50% RDF + Vermicompost (1 t/ha), 75% RDF + Vermicompost (0.5 t/ha), 50% RDF + Poultry manure (1 t/ha), 75% RDF + Poultry manure (0.5 t/ha), 75% RDF + FYM 2.5t + Rhizobium. The increased growth parameter such as plant height (cm), number of branches per plant and dry matter production and yield traits viz., number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight Seed yield (q/ha), straw yield (q/ha) harvest index of 75% RDF + Poultry manure (1 t/ha).

Organic fertilization as a sustainable alternative in the production of bean varieties in the brazilian semiarid region

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization and the use of rock powder in different varieties of cowpea in an agroecological family farming system in a semi-arid region of Brazil. The design was in randomized blocks 4 blocks x 4 treatments (T1 - witness; T2 - 4.0 t ha-1 rock powder; T3 - 10 t ha-1 bovine manure + organic matter; and T4 - 4 t ha-1 rock powder + 2.1 t ha-1 organic compound) x 3 varieties. At 65 days, plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), leaf area (LA), and crop yield were evalueted: number of pods (NP), number of pods per plant (NPP), total seed weight (TSW), grain production (GP) and shoot dry matter production (SDMA). The creole variety Sedinha obtained better results in the development and yield of the crop, the organic compost was the most efficient for all varieties, the addition of rock powder did not result in significant effects compared to other treatments. This study highlights the potential for producing Creole seeds, in addition to demonstrating that organic fertilization is an efficient alternative, and reduces the use of chemical fertilizers contributing to the sustainable use of natural resources.

Integrated use of organic and synthetic fertilizers improves soil functioning, growth, yield and quality attributes of maize

The combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers may prove to be an excellent option for maintaining soil health, increasing fertilizer use efficiency, and improving crop quality and yield of maize. So, with this objective in mind a pot experiment was conducted to find out the effectiveness of organic and synthetic fertilizers on the yield and quality of maize crop. Two organic fertilizer levels (FYM and Press-mud @ 2% and 4% of each) were tested separately and in combination with recommended NPK fertilizers (160: 80: 60 kg ha-1). The experimental units were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. The results showed that the combined use of NPK + press mud @ 4% caused a significant increase in grain numbers per cob (8.6%), weight of grains per cob (11.5%), grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, stalk yield, and oil and protein contents up to 11.5%, 6.3%, 19.7%, 12.6% and 12.0%, respectively as compared to the control treatment. The oil and protein contents were also improved significantly over the sole application of NPK fertilizer. Soil health was also improved due to the combined use of synthetic fertilizer with 4% press mud and 2% FYM. It is concluded that integrated use of NPK fertilizers and press mud @ 4% not only increased the quality and yield of maize, but it also improved soil health.

Electrogenic properties of Bacillus paramycoidesNBPP1 strain as a biocatalyst in the microbial fuel cell

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are indeed a promising technology with the potential to address energy shortages and environmental pollution simultaneously. MFC utilizes the metabolic activities of microbes to convert organic substrates into electrical energy. This study assesses the power production capabilities of an isolated bacterial strain from soil, Bacillus paramycoides NBPP1, using different configurations of MFCs. The organic waste from chicken butchery shop is used as nutrient and aluminum and graphite as anode and cathode respectively. The MFC achieved voltage in an open circuitof 662 mV, maximal density of power of 4 Wm−2, internal resistance of 898 Ω, and coulombic efficiency of 6.66% for dual chambers. For single chambers, the values were 649 mV, 570 Ω, 2.6 Wm−2, and 3.75% respectively. The COD removal efficiency was 57.14% for dual chambers and 47.16% for single chambers. The MFC also demonstrated LED illumination in a series circuit for a longer duration, with a maximum power density of 6.40 Wm−2. Additionally, the residual broth was found to be an effective organic fertilizer with adequate N, K, and sufficient P. This study highlights the sustainable resource utilization in MFC organic waste, which encompasses power generation, waste management, and the potential for organic fertilizer production.