Effect Of Organic Fertilizers Research Articles

Fish Waste Compost - A Fertilizer for Organic Agriculture

Fish markets produce a large amount of fish waste such as fish head, gut, intestine, fines, bones and scales that are generally dumped in the river or land-filling areas causing great intuitive pollution to the environment. Such impulsively growing contamination can be mitigated and checked though waste management in the form of organic composting. This study investigates the potential of fish waste compost as a sustainable organic fertilizer by converting fish waste, including gut, head, skin, bones, and fins, into compost using sawdust, banana and jaggery as supplementary materials. The matured compost was then analyzed for nutrient content and maturity through physical, sensory, biological, and chemical tests. Results showed that the compost, reduced to 70% of its original volume, had significant nutrient content with a C:N ratio of 28.6:1, a pH of 6.80, and an electrical conductivity of 1.45 dS/m. Biological tests demonstrated high germination rates, indicating non-phytotoxicity. Fish waste containing 10.56, 2.12, 0.82 and 0.10 percents of C, N, P and K respectively can be converted into an effective organic fertilizer which can enhance soil fertility. This approach not only addresses waste management but also offers a viable solution for recycling fish waste into valuable agricultural resources.

Effect of Chemical and Organic Fertilization on Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Coffee Production in Ghana

Effect of Chemical and Organic Fertilization on Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Coffee Production in Ghana

RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF SOME ORGANIC PRODUCTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA MILL. PLANTS

This paper presents the Lavandula angustifolia Mill., a species of the Lamiaceae family, is an aromatic plant with a wide spectrum of applications in fields such as: pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and the food industry. The present study analyzes the growth and development of two lavender varieties, Emilia and George 90, under organic farming conditions, with emphasis on the effects of organic fertilization. Data analysis revealed significant differences between the two varieties. The George 90 variety showed an average height 16.38% higher than the Emilia variety (73.11 cm vs. 63.8 cm). Also, the average diameter of the plants of the George 90 variety was 41.98% higher compared to the Emilia variety (154.32 cm vs. 118.34 cm). These results suggest a more pronounced vegetative vigor in the George 90 variety under experimental conditions.

Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

The present investigation was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, School of Agriculture, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) to study the Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) during kharif season of the year 2023-24. The experiment was laid down in RBD which consisted 9 treatment combinations viz; T1-Control (100%) (125:100:50), T2-100% N through FYM (25t/ha), T3-100% N through vermicompost (5t/ha), T4-100% N through poultry manure (5t/ha), T5-100% N through neem cake (2t/ha), T6-50% NPK + 50% N through FYM, T7-50% NPK + 50% N through vermicompost, T8-50% NPK + 50% N through poultry manure, T9-50% NPK + 50% N through neem cake and treatments were replicated three times. The treatment (T7) significantly affected various vegetative growth, yield and quality parameters. Results further indicated that the highest (3.27) benefit: cost ratio was observed in treatment (T7). Whereas, the lowest benefit: cost ratio (1.51) was recorded under control.

The effect of dosage of vermicompost and biourine plus on growth and yield of organic shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Shallot is a common horticultural crop, providing a number of benefits. Effect of organic manure and liquid organic fertilizer and their interaction on growth and yield of shallot was studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness increase organic shallot yield with dose fertilizer vermicompost and biourine plus. A two factor experiment with three replications, arranged in factorial randomized block design, was carried out. First factor was dose of vermicompost i.e without vermicompost, vermicompost 10 t/ha, vermicompost 15 t/ha. Second factor was dose of biourine Plus i.e without biourine plus, biourine plus 1500 l/ha, biourine plus 2000 l/ha. Observed variables were height plants, numbers of leaves, number of tubers, fresh weight of tuber, and dry tuber weight. Data were analysed by F test followed by LSD at 5%. It was concluded that the vermicompost and biourine plus dose treatment produced a significant impact on plant height and number of shallot leaves but had no effect on shallot yields. Vermicompost 15 t/ha is able to increase the harvest weight of shallots (fresh weight) by 14% and increase the dry weight of tubers by 17.45%.

Simulation of soil phosphorus dynamics and crop yield for organic and mineral fertilization treatments at two long-term field sites

The efficacy of phosphorus (P) based fertilizers is frequently compromised by soil dynamics that render much of the applied P unavailable for crops. This study aimed to: (i) validate a new P model's prediction of plant-available P; (ii) analyze the effects of organic versus mineral fertilization on P availability and crop yield; and (iii) examine temporal changes in P pools under various fertilization regimes. Data were collected from two long-term field trials, Dikopshof and Bad Lauchstädt, in Germany, using organic (FYM), mineral (MIN), a combination of organic and mineral (MIX) fertilizers, and unfertilized treatments. The AgroC model, incorporating a new P module, accurately predicted P dynamics in cropped plots. At both sites, MIX presented the highest yield, P removal, total P and available soil P. After 120 years of repeated P fertilization, simulations at Dikopshof revealed a positive P balance in MIN (11.1 % with observed 13 %) and in MIX (15 % with observed 15 %), but negative in FYM (−4.9 % with observed −5 %). However, at Bad Lauchstädt, the P balance was negative in all treatments except in MIN (+1.04 %), indicating P depletion. Among crops, cereals showed the most variated yields, with P-use efficiency ranging from 50 % to 99 %, while sugar beet presented the highest P-use efficiency (up to 122 %). The lowest P application rates exhibited, FYM treatment, the highest P-use efficiency for all crops. Model pools were successfully linked to field-measured soil P fractions using CAL and DGT methods, providing initial predictions of various soil P fractions across different fertilization strategies.

Evaluation of Organic Waste Long-Term Effects on Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin Content in Energy Grass Species Grown in East-Central Poland

Biomass can be used for electricity generation, especially in developing countries, but also in developed ones, where the utilization of renewable energy sources is being integrated into a sustainable economy. There are considerable differences in the scale of biomass use and in the technology of its processing. One of the most important sources of biofuel is the biomass of grass. This research aimed to determine the long-term effects of organic fertilizers on cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content in the biomass of three grass species: giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus), prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in the first three years of growth. The experiment was established in four replications on microplots of 2 m2 in April 2018. Before planting grass rhizomes, municipal sewage sludge (SS) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) were introduced into the soil in various combinations. Biomass is harvested in December every year. The content of structural polysaccharides in the grass species statistically significantly varied in response to organic waste. Compared to other fertilizer combinations, SS application increased the content of cellulose in the biomass of Miscanthus giganteus (43.66% of DM) and Spartina pectinata (37.69% of DM) and hemicellulose in Spartina pectinata (27.80% of DM) and Panicum virgatum (23.64% of DM). Of the three species of grass, the chemical composition of Miscanthus giganteus cell walls was the most favorable for biofuel production, with the most cellulose and hemicellulose and the least lignin compared to other grass species. The content of lignin in the biomass of Miscanthus × giganteus and Spartina pectinata was the greatest on the plot with SMS and amounted to 7.79% of DM and 12.32% of DM, respectively. In the case of Panicum virgatum, the average content of lignin was similar across all fertilized plots, with 15.42% DM.

The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers improved the quality of colored wheat by physicochemical properties and rheological characteristics of starch

Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer can degrade the quality of wheat grain, while appropriate use of organic fertilizer can enhance starch quality. To clarify the effects of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer on wheat quality. We measured indicators such as amylose content, starch granules, starch structure, gelatinization characteristics, and rheological properties of wheat under different proportions of combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, revealing the effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the physicochemical properties and structure of starch. The results showed that compared with single application of chemical fertilizer (T1), organic fertilizer instead of 30 % fertilizer (T2) significantly increased amylose content (10.13 %), starch solubility (35.54 %, 90 °C), swelling power (7.40 %, 90 °C) and wheat yield (18.78 %), but decreased relative crystallinity (37.40 %) and order degree of starch, resulted in a decrease in gelatinization temperature (3.27 %). Meanwhile, rheological analysis also proved that the starch under T2 showed strong elasticity and hardness. This research highlights the importance of organic fertilizer for grain quality and propose that replacing 30 % of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer could significantly enhance the starch structure of colored wheat, providing theoretical support for the improvement of wheat quality.

Microbial decomposer for crop residue management in rice-wheat cropping system.

Crop residue management is vital in the rice-wheat cropping system, influencing soil health and crop productivity. This study examined the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers and microbial decomposers on rice growth and yield. We evaluated seven treatments: 100% recommended dose fertilizer (RDF); 50% residue + 50% RDF; 50% residue + 50% RDF + Pusa decomposer; 50% residue + 50% green manuring (GM)/green leaf manuring (GLM); 50% residue + 50% GM/GLM + Pusa decomposer; residue @ 2.5 tons per acre + Pusa decomposer; residue @ 2.5 tons per acre + no Pusa decomposer; and absolute control. Results indicate that integrating organic and inorganic fertilizers with microbial decomposers positively affects rice growth and yield parameters. While adding microbial decomposer to RDF did not consistently enhance rice yield, it improved soil enzymatic properties. This suggests that the effectiveness of microbial decomposers may vary based on specific soil and crop conditions. Therefore, microbial decomposers present a promising approach to boost soil health and fertility. Further research is needed to optimize conditions for their use and systematically assess their impact on crop yields.

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Some Nitrogen Fertilizers on the Structure and Diversity of Inter-Root Soil Fungal Communities in Potato

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer replacing part of the nitrogen fertilizers on the structure and diversity of the inter-root soil fungal communities of potatoes. By carrying out a field trial in Gaoquan Village, Tuanjie Town, Dingxi City, Gansu Province, the main potato-producing area in China, the optimal proportion of organic fertilizer to replace nitrogen fertilizer was determined to provide a scientific basis for the rational use of organic fertilizer to improve the structure and function of soil fungal communities. The experiment was laid out with six treatments: CK (no nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate and potash fertilizer applied), CF (nitrogen fertilizer alone, control), T1 (25% replacement of nitrogen fertilizer), T2 (50% replacement of nitrogen fertilizer), T3 (75% replacement of nitrogen fertilizer), and T4 (100% replacement of nitrogen fertilizer). A systematic study of the inter-root soil fungal community structure, diversity, and soil physicochemical properties during potato harvesting was conducted using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results show that the organic fertilizer replacing part of the nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the content of alkaline dissolved nitrogen, quick-acting potassium, quick-acting phosphorus, and organic matter in the inter-root soil of the potatoes, and significantly reduced the pH value of the soil. There was a trend of decreasing soil fungal abundance and a significant decrease in the Alpha diversity of the soil fungi. The treatment groups in the soil had as their core fungi Acomycota, Mortierellomycota, Basidiomycota, and others. The organic fertilizers replacing the nitrogen fertilizers significantly altered the structural composition of the inter-root soil fungal community of the potatoes, and increased the differential fungi in the soil. The number of functionally diverse and complex fungi in the soil gradually increased, and the function of the fungal community gradually changed from Singularity to diversification and complexity. A redundancy analysis showed that the soil pH was the main environmental factor affecting the inter-root soil fungal communities of potatoes under organic fertilizer replacing N fertilizer.

Effect of Organic Fertilization Based on Cattle Dung in Village Cultivation of Sugar Cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Immature Phase in Northern Ivory Coast

This study aimed to determine the dose of organic fertilizer adapted to the agroecological conditions of the Ferkéssédougou zone during the immature or vegetative phase with a view to improving agricultural productivity in rainfed sugar cane cultivation. The trial was conducted using a Fisher block experimental design with three (3) repetitions and six (6) treatments including the control treatment. The observations mainly focused on growth parameters. Health monitoring was also carried out to detect the presence of diseases. Regarding growth parameters, no statically significant effect of fertilizers was observed between treatments. However, the fertilizers used had a positive impact in terms of gain compared to the control. Thus, three (3) groups of fertilizers stood out. Group 1 was composed of mineral manure at the normal dose (350 kg/ha of NPK), organic manure at the normal dose (20t/ha), double dose of compost (40 t/ha) and the organo-mineral mixture, namely the normal dose of compost (20t/ha) + half dose of mineral fertilizer (175 kg/ha of NPK). These treatments promoted good emergence, good elongation of the plants with large diameters and a large number of internodes. Group 2, composed only of half a dose of compost (10 t/ha), allowed us to have a large number of stems. For group 3, corresponding to the control treatment, no growth parameter was correlated. No symptoms of major illnesses were observed during the observations. The M1400/86 variety used is resistant to termite attack.

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and economics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in rabi season

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and economics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in rabi season

Effects of Microbial Organic Fertilizer, Microbial Inoculant, and Quicklime on Soil Microbial Community Composition in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Continuous Cropping System

The additions of microbial organic fertilizer (MOF), a microbial inoculant (MI), and quicklime (Q) are considered to be sustainable practices to restore land that has been damaged by continuous cropping of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). However, the combined effects of these three additives on pepper yield, soil chemical properties, and soil microbial communities were unclear. The experimental design consists of 13 treatment groups: the untreated soil (control); soil amended solely with three treatments for each of MOF (1875–5625 kg ha−1), MI (150–450 mL plant−1), and Q (1500–4500 kg ha−1); and soil amended with combinations of MOF, MI, and Q at three comparable concentrations. A significant increase in pepper fruit diameter, length, yield, and soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents occurs upon exclusive and combined applications of MOF, MI, and Q. Pepper yield was greatest (29.89% more than control values) in the combined treatment with concentrations of 1875 kg ha−1 MOF, 150 mL plant−1 MI, and 1500 kg ha−1 Q. The application of Q increased soil pH and reduced soil–fungal richness. The application of MOF, MI, and Q increased the relative abundance of bacterial genera and the complexity of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks compared with control levels. The combined application of MOF, MI, and Q resulted in the greatest microbial network complexity. A Mantel test revealed the key role of soil available nitrogen content and bacterial diversity in the regulation of pepper growth and yield. We conclude that the combined application of MOF, MI, and Q improves soil nutrient availability and modifies soil microbial community composition, significantly promoting plant growth and pepper yield during continuous cultivation.

Effect of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of organic manures and chemical fertilizers on growth and yield of green gram, variety “SML-832‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments. The data recorded maximum growth parameters like, plant height (51.45 cm), number of branches per plant (4.08) and yield parameters like, number of pods per plant (20.58, number of seeds per pod (8.65), test weight (38.92 g), grain yield (1106.45 kg/ha), straw yield (2583.85 kg/ha) and maximum net return (48100 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (1.58) was recorded with T9-75% Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha. The minimum growth and yield obtained with control treatment. Therefore, concluded that impact of different organic manures and chemical fertilizers on the growth and yield of the green gram. Among different T9-75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha registered the maximum production with higher net return. So, it was concluded that the treatment 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha superior among all treatments.

The Response of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] in the Village Chikkenahalli of Challakere Taluk, Chitraduraga District

Cluster bean is one of the significant yet underutilized leguminous vegetables belonging to family fabaceae. It is known by various names across the country such as gaur, chavli kaayi, gori kaayi, khutt, govar, and kothavare. A field experiment on cluster bean was carried out during the summer season of the year 2024 at the farm of P. L. Dodda Rangegowda in Chikkenahalli of Challakere taluk, Chitradurga district, Karnataka. The primary objectives of the study are to examine the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the productivity and growth characteristics of cluster bean; to identify the advantages and disadvantages of these fertilizers in relation to productivity, soil fertility, and environment and further to review the effects of mixed organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and soil fertility. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replications and five treatments which comprised of 100 percent organic (FYM and chicken manure), 100 percent inorganic (NPK), 50 percent organic + 50 percent inorganic, 100 percent organic + jeevamruta and control. The results revealed that, treatment T3 outperformed the others, showing the highest values for plant height, number of branches per plant, days to first flowering, days to first vegetable harvest, pod length, pod width, yield per plant, yield per plot, and yield per hectare, while the control recorded the lowest values. Soil properties such as pH, EC, SOC and NPK levels improved when combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers were applied together. Based on these results, it can be concluded that, the application of organic manures, along with chemical fertilizers, positively enhanced the vegetative growth, reproductive growth, yield, quality of cluster bean and soil parameters.

Penggunaan Slurry sebagai Pupuk Organik terhadap Kualitas dan Fermentabilitas Rumput Setaria (Setaria splendida Stapf) di Rumen

Biogas slurry is an organic product derived from livestock manure and produced through an aerobic fermentation process that can be used to improve soil fertility, forage production, and quality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of slurry organic fertilizer on crude protein content, crude fiber, and total fermentation gas production in the rumen in vitro . The study was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of five treatments of slurry levels as organic fertilizer and four replications consisting of two experimental units. The treatments consisted of S0 = without slurry, S1 = slurry 20 g/polybag, S2 = slurry 25 g/polybag, S3 = slurry 30 g/polybag, and S4 = slurry 35 g/polybag. The variables measured in this study were crude protein content, crude fiber, and total fermentation gas production. The data obtained were analyzed using a variance analysis (ANOVA). Duncan’s test was used to determine the effect of different levels of slurry on the measured parameters. The results showed that the use of slurry as an organic fertiliser increases crude protein content by an average of 16.06%, increases crude protein production from 1.47 g/poly bag to 96.38 g/poly bag and improves fermentability in the rumen by an average of 8.08% of setaria grass (Setaria splendida Stapf). The use of slurry at the level of 35 g/poly bag is recommended for the cultivation of setaria grass (Setaria splendida Stapf).

Growth of Indigofera zolingeriana with differences in source of cuttings and planting media

This study investigates the effect of different cutting types and planting media on the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana, a valuable forage crop. The research used a factorial randomized block design (2 x 2) with 40 experimental units. The treatments included two cutting sources—stem cuttings (A1) and shoot cuttings (A2)—and two planting media—natural soil (B1) and natural soil supplemented with liquid organic fertilizer from rabbit urine (B2). Growth parameters such as the number of leaves, plant height, and stem diameter were measured. The results indicate that cutting type significantly affects leaf production, with shoot cuttings (A2) producing a higher number of leaves than stem cuttings (A1) (P<0.05). However, the planting media and its interaction with the cutting type had no significant impact on plant height and stem diameter (P>0.05). These findings suggest that using shoot cuttings could enhance the propagation and growth of Indigofera zollingeriana for sustainable forage production. Further studies are recommended to explore the long-term effects of organic fertilizer on biomass yield.

Long-term manure and/or straw substitution mediates phosphorus species and the phosphorus-solubilizing microorganism community in soil aggregation

The partially substitution of chemical fertilizers with organic materials can improve soil phosphorus (P) availability; however, the response of aggregate-associated P species and the microbial community remains unclear. We investigated P speciation transformation and the related microbial community of aggregates in a 10-year field trial containing chemical fertilizer (CC), 50 % chemical N replaced by pig manure, corn straw, and manure combined with straw. Compared to CC, the organic substitute pattern increased soil aggregate stability indices, which were positively correlated with labile and moderately labile P. The organic substitution pattern improved labile and moderately labile P in > 2 mm large macroaggregates (LM) and 0.25–2 mm macroaggregates (MA), and decreased labile P in 0.053–0.25 mm microaggregates (MI) and < 0.053 mm silt + clay (SC). CaHPO4 and MgHPO4 of labile P were the primary components in MA, while Ca(H2PO4)2 was the primary component in MI. Straw addition enhanced the relative abundance of P-solubilizing microorganisms, primarily Bacillus, in different aggregates. The labile P content was higher, and the microbial network displayed higher complexity and connectivity in MI than in aggregates of other sizes. pH was the most critical factor influencing the distribution of P species in the LM. Organic carbon and aggregate stability index were the primary factors in MA, whereas phosphatase activity was the primary factor in MI and SC. Overall, the organic substitution pattern improved aggregate stability and labile P content in LM and MA and reduced labile P in MI and SC, thereby promoting P retention. These insights advance our understanding the effects of organic fertilization on P transformation in soil aggregates, with implications for developing eco-friendly P management strategies.

Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cv. Pusa Himani

In this report, we compared the integrated effect of FYM, vermicompost, poultry manure with inorganic fertilizers incorporated with PSB for yield in radish cv. Pusa Himani in response of morphological, yield as well as quality attributes. As per data analysis T6 [NPK (75%) + vermicompost (25% of N) + PSB] significantly enhanced the highest plant height, leaf length, number of leaves per plant, fresh weight of shoot and dry weight of shoot at 20 DAS, 40 DAS and at harvest, respectively. Similarly, at harvest maximum root length, maximum root diameter, maximum average weight of root, maximum yield per hectare, minimum days to harvest and quality parameters i.e. T.S.S., ascorbic acid, chlorophyll content of leaves, net return and B-C ratio in comparison to all concentration with all integrated nutrient combination. So, we may conclude that [NPK (75%) + vermicompost (25% of N) + PSB] increase yield by stimulating source activity as well improves utilization of PGR (plant growth regulators).