Effects Of Neurofeedback Training Research Articles

Effect of neurofeedback training on event-related desynchronization strength by motor imagery

Effect of neurofeedback training on event-related desynchronization strength by motor imagery

Assessing the Effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training in the Context of Clinical and Social Neuroscience.

Social neuroscience benefits from the experimental manipulation of neuronal activity. One possible manipulation, neurofeedback, is an operant conditioning-based technique in which individuals sense, interact with, and manage their own physiological and mental states. Neurofeedback has been applied to a wide variety of psychiatric illnesses, as well as to treat sub-clinical symptoms, and even to enhance performance in healthy populations. Despite growing interest, there persists a level of distrust and/or bias in the medical and research communities in the USA toward neurofeedback and other functional interventions. As a result, neurofeedback has been largely ignored, or disregarded within social neuroscience. We propose a systematic, empirically-based approach for assessing the effectiveness, and utility of neurofeedback. To that end, we use the term perturbative physiologic plasticity to suggest that biological systems function as an integrated whole that can be perturbed and guided, either directly or indirectly, into different physiological states. When the intention is to normalize the system, e.g., via neurofeedback, we describe it as self-directed neuroplasticity, whose outcome is persistent functional, structural, and behavioral changes. We argue that changes in physiological, neuropsychological, behavioral, interpersonal, and societal functioning following neurofeedback can serve as objective indices and as the metrics necessary for assessing levels of efficacy. In this chapter, we examine the effects of neurofeedback on functional connectivity in a few clinical disorders as case studies for this approach. We believe this broader perspective will open new avenues of investigation, especially within social neuroscience, to further elucidate the mechanisms and effectiveness of these types of interventions, and their relevance to basic research.

뉴로 피드백 훈련이 분노 및 자기조절에 미치는 효과

뉴로 피드백 훈련이 분노 및 자기조절에 미치는 효과

Effects of Neurofeedback Training on Dyslexic Students’ Aggression: An Experimental Study

Our paper describes an field experiment with a pre-test/post-test control group design which investigated the potential of neurofeedback training on perceived control of brain waves and expressed aggression. The study involved 40 dyslexic students (n = 20 randomly assigned to the experimental group and n = 20 to the control group) from 5 learning disabilities centers in the China. During eight weeks, the students in the eight experimental classes learned and practiced the neurofeedback strategy. Data analysis revealed that, the neurofeedback training programs had a positive effect on dyslexic students’ aggression. We found support that neurofeedback training can protect dyslexic students from an increase in expressed aggression during the reading words and texts. Furthermore, perceived control of brain waves increased in the neurofeedback group but remained unchanged in the control group.

Neurofeedback Training Intervention for Enhancing Working Memory Function in Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Chinese Students

Our study aimed to develop a neurofeedback training programme for enhancing the EEG-based alpha band and executive working memory. The study design is pre-test/post-test Control Group (CG), and analyses were limited to those randomized to the neurofeedback intervention. The sample were ADHD students below 15 years of age (7-14 years), of whom 10 completed the 5-week training assessment in the experimental group (EG), whereas 9 completed the assessment in the CG, students from elementary and secondary schools referred to a Chinese psychiatry clinic. The average age of the sample was 13.48 years in the EG. The findings showed the beneficial effects of neurofeedback training, which improved in ADHD students. These findings revealed that most of the working memory function measurements exhibited significant differences between the EG and CG. A neurofeedback training programme enhances the working memory function in ADHD students.

Neuro-Feedback Training For Overweight Women: Improvement of Food Craving And Mental Health

Major risk factors for diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer (prostate, intestine, breast, etc.) are obesity and being overweight. This study aims to investigating the effect of neurofeedback training to food craving and mental health in overweight women. To this aim, thirty overweight women were divided into two groups; neurofeedback and control groups, using a simple random method. In this experiment, which was accompanied with pre-test and post-test with the control group, women in the experimental group received 10 sessions of neurofeedback. Both experimental and control subjects filled the food craving and general health questionnaire before and after the intervention. Univariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis. The results showed a significant difference in food craving and mental health between the neurofeedback group and control group. The results showed that neurofeedback training can be considered as one of the complementary therapy intervention, in the field of obesity and overweight.

The Effect of Beta and Alpha Neurofeedback on Memory: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Clinical Trial

Background: Neurofeedback training is a promising area of research in cognitive performance. Although diverse patterns of frequency in improving memory performance have been studied, beta up-training and low alpha/high alpha ratio suppression have not yet been studied. Objective: The present study aimed at examining the effect of 2 neurofeedback protocols “beta up-training” and “low alpha/ high alpha ratio suppression” on memory performance. Methods: Thirty healthy participants, aged 20 to 40 years took part in this double-blind study. Participants performed ten 30-minute sessions of neurofeedback training. They were randomly assigned into 3 groups: (A) beta up-training and theta down-training, (B) low alpha/high alpha ratio suppression training, and (C) sham training. The Wechsler memory scale (WMS-R) was performed before and after the training period to examine memory performance. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA to compare memory performance changes among the 3 study groups. Results: No significant differences were obtained among the participants in age, gender, marital status, and psychological condition. Treatment groups (including beta up-training and theta down-training and low alpha/high alpha ratio suppression training) showed superior improvement in memory performance compared with the sham group. Conclusions: Neurofeedback training can improve memory performance. Future studies should address the specificity of the neurofeedback training effects, taking into account various populations of patients with cognitive impairment.

Upper Alpha Based Neurofeedback Training in Chronic Stroke: Brain Plasticity Processes and Cognitive Effects

In the present study, we investigated the effects of upper alpha based neurofeedback (NF) training on electrical brain activity and cognitive functions in stroke survivors. Therefore, two single chronic stroke patients with memory deficits (subject A with a bilateral subarachnoid hemorrhage; subject B with an ischemic stroke in the left arteria cerebri media) and a healthy elderly control group (N = 24) received up to ten NF training sessions. To evaluate NF training effects, all participants performed multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) resting measurements and a neuropsychological test battery assessing different cognitive functions before and after NF training. Stroke patients showed improvements in memory functions after successful NF training compared to the pre-assessment. Subject B had a pathological delta (0.5–4 Hz) and upper alpha (10–12 Hz) power maximum over the unaffected hemisphere before NF training. After NF training, he showed a more bilateral and “normalized” topographical distribution of these EEG frequencies. Healthy participants as well as subject A did not show any abnormalities in EEG topography before the start of NF training. Consequently, no changes in the topographical distribution of EEG activity were observed in these participants when comparing the pre- and post-assessment. Hence, our results show that upper alpha based NF training had on the one hand positive effects on memory functions, and on the other hand led to cortical “normalization” in a stroke patient with pathological brain activation patterns, which underlines the potential usefulness of NF as neurological rehabilitation tool.

Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Improvement of Reaction Time in Elderly, Passive Males

Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Improvement of Reaction Time in Elderly, Passive Males

The Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Anxiety and Depression in Students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders

The Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Anxiety and Depression in Students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders

Distributed Patterns of Brain Activity Underlying Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training.

Neurofeedback (NF) based on real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI) is an exciting neuroimaging application. In most rt-fMRI NF studies, the activity level of a single region of interest (ROI) is provided as a feedback signal and the participants are trained to up or down regulate the feedback signal. NF training effects are typically analyzed using a confirmatory univariate approach, i.e., changes in the target ROI are explained by a univariate linear modulation. However, learning to self-regulate the ROI activity through NF is mediated by distributed changes across the brain. Here, we deploy a multivariate decoding model for assessing NF training effects across the whole brain. Specifically, we first explain the NF training effect by a posthoc multivariate model that leads to a pattern of coactivation based on 90 functional atlas regions. We then use cross validation to reveal the set of brain regions with the best fit. This novel approach was applied to the data from a rt-fMRI NF study where the participants learned to down regulate the auditory cortex. We found that the optimal model consisted of 16 brain regions whose coactivation patterns best described the training effect over the NF training days. Cross validation of the multivariate model showed that it generalized across the participants. Interestingly, the participants could be clustered into two groups with distinct patterns of coactivation, potentially reflecting different NF learning strategies. Overall, our findings revealed that multiple brain regions are involved in learning to regulate an activity in a single ROI, and thus leading to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying NF training.

The Effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training in Algorithmic Thinking Skills Enhancement.

Although research on learning difficulties are overall in an advanced stage, studies related to algorithmic thinking difficulties are limited, since interest in this field has been recently raised. In this paper, an interactive evaluation screener enhanced with neurofeedback elements, referring to algorithmic tasks solving evaluation, is proposed. The effect of HCI, color, narration and neurofeedback elements effect was evaluated in the case of algorithmic tasks assessment. Results suggest the enhanced performance in the case of neurofeedback trained group in terms of total correct and optimal algorithmic tasks solution. Furthermore, findings suggest that skills, concerning the way that an algorithm is conceived, designed, applied and evaluated are essentially improved.

Effect of neurofeedback training on event-related desynchronization strength by motor imagery

Effect of neurofeedback training on event-related desynchronization strength by motor imagery

Effect of Prefrontal lobe Neurofeedback Training for reducing Adolescent Theta wave

Effect of Prefrontal lobe Neurofeedback Training for reducing Adolescent Theta wave

EEG Analysis of the Neurofeedback Training Effect in Algorithmic Thinking.

Although significant advances have been made in understanding several cognitive states, the algorithmic thinking ability is yet to be analyzed in terms of neuroscience and brain imaging techniques. Studies on the effects of neurofeedback on learning disabilities especially mathematics disorders are limited. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the brain activity and activation differences between neurofeedback trained participants and controls, during the overall EEG analysis during continuous algorithmic tasks performance. A study of 182 children of upper education is proposed to assess the efficacy of two protocols of neurofeedback training as means of algorithmic thinking ability evaluation. Results suggest statistical significant variation in the mean SD values in terms of several brain waves ratios during algorithmic task solving epochs.

뉴로 피드백 훈련 프로그램(Neurofeedback Training Programme) 효과에 대한 메타분석

본 연구는 국내에서 발간된 학위논문과 학술지 논문을 대상으로 뉴로 피드백 프로그램 훈련과 관련된 요인들을 체계적으로 탐색하여 뉴로 피드백 프로그램훈련(Neurofeedback programme training; NFT)의 효과성을 종합하기 위해 메타분석을 실시하였다. 연구대상은 데이터베이스 검색을 통해 2001년부터 2015년까지 출판된 논문들 중 최종 21편을 선정하여 분석하였다. 연구방법 특성으로 연구의 질 평가를 실시한 결과 전체 분석대상 논문의 질에는 제한점이 있었다. 연구 결과로는 첫째, 전체 뉴로 피드백 프로그램의 효과크기는 .683로 중간 이상이었다. 둘째, 조절 변인별 효과 크기를 분석한 결과 연구대상의 임상군의 특성(ADHD, 인지장애, 알츠하이머, 청각장애, 지적장애 등)과 학교 급(초 중 고)에 따라 각 뉴로 피드백 훈련의 효과가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 연구 방법(훈련 방법)적 측면에서는 주당 회기 수, 총 횟수, 그리고 훈련시간에 따라 훈련의 효과가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구에서 밝혀진 연구 결과를 통하여 뉴로 피드백 훈련 프로그램 대상에 대한 효과적인 개입과 선정에 대한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to (evaluate) the effectiveness of neurofeedback training (NFT) and systematically search for the related factors by conducting a meta-analysis of theses and journal articles published in (the Korean language/Korea). This study analyzed 21 articles selected through a database search from 2001 to 2015. The quality evaluation result of the research, as research method characteristic, was low. It was found that, first, the effect size of the neurofeedback program training was .683 above the (median). Second, the effect size as the (moderator) variable played a statistically significant role in moderating the effect of the the subject characteristics, including the presence or not of disabilities and school level (elementary, junior high school, high school), on the effectiveness of the neurofeedback training program. Third, (the effect size) played a statistically significant role in mediating the effect of the research method (training method), number of sessions per week, total number of sessions and training time on the effectiveness of the neurofeedback training program. This study provides (comprehensive) data on the effect of the interventions and selection of the neuro-feedback training program subjects.

Neurofeedback Training Effect in Cognition and Mathematical Perception

Neurofeedback Training Effect in Cognition and Mathematical Perception

Neurofeedback Training Effects on Inhibitory Brain Activation in ADHD: A Matter of Learning?

Neurofeedback training (NF) is a promising non-pharmacological treatment for ADHD that has been associated with improvement of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related symptoms as well as changes in electrophysiological measures. However, the functional localization of neural changes following NF compared to an active control condition, and of successful learning during training (considered to be the critical mechanism for improvement), remains largely unstudied. Children with ADHD (N=16, mean age: 11.81, SD: 1.47) were randomly assigned to either slow cortical potential (SCP, n=8) based NF or biofeedback control training (electromyogram feedback, n=8) and performed a combined Flanker/NoGo task pre- and post-training. Effects of NF, compared to the active control, and of learning in transfer trials (approximating successful transfer to everyday life) were examined with respect to clinical outcome and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) changes during inhibitory control. After 20 sessions of training, children in the NF group presented reduced ADHD symptoms and increased activation in areas associated with inhibitory control compared to baseline. Subjects who were successful learners (n=9) also showed increased activation in an extensive inhibitory network irrespective of the type of training. Activation increased in an extensive inhibitory network following NF training, and following successful learning through NF and control biofeedback. Although this study was only powered to detect large effects and clearly requires replication in larger samples, the results suggest a crucial role for learning effects in biofeedback trainings.

The Effect of Neurofeedback Training Using Display After Stroke

The Effect of Neurofeedback Training Using Display After Stroke

The Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Increasing Sustained Attention in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

The Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Increasing Sustained Attention in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder